The document compares the treatment of indigenous peoples in the United States and Canada in the late 19th century, as well as the development of two towns, one in Montana and one in Kazakhstan. In both countries, native lands were increasingly seized by colonizers, disrupting indigenous communities. While indigenous groups struggled against loss of territory in Canada and the US, by the late 19th century some began participating in the Canadian economy. The document also contrasts the parallel development of two towns, one in Montana along a railroad and one in Kazakhstan as a Soviet prison community.