The document discusses changes to airway management in the post-COVID pandemic era. It notes that COVID-19 often leads to respiratory complications and sequelae. Some key points discussed include: increased use of protective equipment and infection control measures during airway procedures; adoption of alternative techniques like HFNC and NIV; training on specialized post-COVID airway management protocols; and monitoring patients for long-term effects like pulmonary fibrosis using tests like CT scans and pulmonary function tests. The challenges of potential increased airway injuries and need for multidisciplinary care are also addressed.
This document discusses ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome), including its history, definitions, pathophysiology, and evidence-based treatment strategies. ARDS is characterized by diffuse pulmonary inflammation and reduced lung compliance. Traditional ventilator strategies have been shown to cause ventilator-induced lung injury, so current recommendations focus on lung-protective ventilation with low tidal volumes and high PEEP. Additional rescue therapies for refractory hypoxemia include recruitment maneuvers, proning, and ECMO. Proper diagnosis requires consideration of alternative conditions and use of diagnostic tools like echocardiogram, bronchoscopy, and chest CT scan.
This document provides an overview of ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome) including its history, definition, pathophysiology, assessment, and treatment strategies. ARDS is characterized by acute hypoxemia, stiff lungs, and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates caused by inflammatory lung injury from direct or indirect insults. Key evidence-based treatment strategies discussed include lung protective ventilation with low tidal volumes, higher PEEP levels, targeting driving pressure, prone positioning, and rescue therapies like recruitment maneuvers which can improve oxygenation but their benefits are uncertain. The PROSEVA trial showed a significant reduction in 28-day mortality for prone positioning in severe ARDS patients.
1. The document discusses acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), describing its pathophysiology, causes, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.
2. ARDS is characterized by hypoxemia, reduced lung compliance and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates leading to respiratory failure. Common causes include sepsis, pneumonia and trauma.
3. Treatment involves treating the underlying cause, supportive care including mechanical ventilation with low tidal volumes, and managing fluid levels and oxygenation. Prognosis depends on severity of illness, with reported mortality ranging from 41-65%.
A document outlines considerations for anesthesiology related to thoracic surgery and one lung ventilation. It discusses preoperative evaluation and preparation of patients, intraoperative monitoring, the physiology of one lung ventilation and lateral decubitus positioning, and methods for lung separation including double lumen endotracheal tubes. The objectives are to explain one lung ventilation and how to manage related complications during and after surgery.
This article provides recommendations to protect healthcare workers from SARS-CoV-2 infection when using respiratory devices like oxygen cannulas, CPAP, and noninvasive ventilation. It summarizes guidelines from organizations like WHO and compares them. The article is divided into three parts: 1) risk of transmission from different respiratory devices, 2) safety measures to minimize COVID-19 transmission, and 3) precautions for aerosol-generating procedures. It provides data on exhaled air dispersion distances from different devices and lung conditions to inform risk and safety measures.
This document provides recommendations for protecting healthcare workers from SARS-CoV-2 infection through proper use of respiratory devices and safety measures. It discusses:
1) The risk of transmission during various oxygen therapies and ventilation methods, finding CPAP via oronasal mask and NIV via helmet with tight seal have minimal dispersion.
2) Safety measures like handwashing, distancing, and masks to minimize contact/droplet transmission.
3) Precautions for aerosol-generating procedures in COVID-19 patients, including negative pressure rooms and appropriate PPE like N95 masks.
Medicine (respiratory) treatment guidelines Govt of IndiaDr Jitu Lal Meena
This document provides guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and bronchial asthma in India. It discusses the definition, causes, incidence, diagnosis, and treatment of ARDS and asthma. For ARDS, treatment involves supplemental oxygen, ventilatory support using lung protective strategies, fluid management, and management of the underlying cause. Treatment is more advanced in tertiary hospitals where technologies like computed tomography and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation are available. The document provides diagnostic and treatment protocols for secondary and tertiary hospitals.
This document discusses ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome), including its history, definitions, pathophysiology, and evidence-based treatment strategies. ARDS is characterized by diffuse pulmonary inflammation and reduced lung compliance. Traditional ventilator strategies have been shown to cause ventilator-induced lung injury, so current recommendations focus on lung-protective ventilation with low tidal volumes and high PEEP. Additional rescue therapies for refractory hypoxemia include recruitment maneuvers, proning, and ECMO. Proper diagnosis requires consideration of alternative conditions and use of diagnostic tools like echocardiogram, bronchoscopy, and chest CT scan.
This document provides an overview of ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome) including its history, definition, pathophysiology, assessment, and treatment strategies. ARDS is characterized by acute hypoxemia, stiff lungs, and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates caused by inflammatory lung injury from direct or indirect insults. Key evidence-based treatment strategies discussed include lung protective ventilation with low tidal volumes, higher PEEP levels, targeting driving pressure, prone positioning, and rescue therapies like recruitment maneuvers which can improve oxygenation but their benefits are uncertain. The PROSEVA trial showed a significant reduction in 28-day mortality for prone positioning in severe ARDS patients.
1. The document discusses acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), describing its pathophysiology, causes, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.
2. ARDS is characterized by hypoxemia, reduced lung compliance and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates leading to respiratory failure. Common causes include sepsis, pneumonia and trauma.
3. Treatment involves treating the underlying cause, supportive care including mechanical ventilation with low tidal volumes, and managing fluid levels and oxygenation. Prognosis depends on severity of illness, with reported mortality ranging from 41-65%.
A document outlines considerations for anesthesiology related to thoracic surgery and one lung ventilation. It discusses preoperative evaluation and preparation of patients, intraoperative monitoring, the physiology of one lung ventilation and lateral decubitus positioning, and methods for lung separation including double lumen endotracheal tubes. The objectives are to explain one lung ventilation and how to manage related complications during and after surgery.
This article provides recommendations to protect healthcare workers from SARS-CoV-2 infection when using respiratory devices like oxygen cannulas, CPAP, and noninvasive ventilation. It summarizes guidelines from organizations like WHO and compares them. The article is divided into three parts: 1) risk of transmission from different respiratory devices, 2) safety measures to minimize COVID-19 transmission, and 3) precautions for aerosol-generating procedures. It provides data on exhaled air dispersion distances from different devices and lung conditions to inform risk and safety measures.
This document provides recommendations for protecting healthcare workers from SARS-CoV-2 infection through proper use of respiratory devices and safety measures. It discusses:
1) The risk of transmission during various oxygen therapies and ventilation methods, finding CPAP via oronasal mask and NIV via helmet with tight seal have minimal dispersion.
2) Safety measures like handwashing, distancing, and masks to minimize contact/droplet transmission.
3) Precautions for aerosol-generating procedures in COVID-19 patients, including negative pressure rooms and appropriate PPE like N95 masks.
Medicine (respiratory) treatment guidelines Govt of IndiaDr Jitu Lal Meena
This document provides guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and bronchial asthma in India. It discusses the definition, causes, incidence, diagnosis, and treatment of ARDS and asthma. For ARDS, treatment involves supplemental oxygen, ventilatory support using lung protective strategies, fluid management, and management of the underlying cause. Treatment is more advanced in tertiary hospitals where technologies like computed tomography and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation are available. The document provides diagnostic and treatment protocols for secondary and tertiary hospitals.
This document discusses thoracic anesthesia and includes outlines of topics, objectives, and details on preoperative evaluation, preparation, intraoperative monitoring, physiology of the lateral decubitus position under different conditions, and management of one-lung ventilation. Specifically, it covers assessing the surgical patient, optimizing medical conditions preoperatively, important intraoperative monitors, how induction of anesthesia and opening the chest impact ventilation and perfusion in the lateral position, and goals of managing one-lung ventilation.
The document summarizes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), including its definition, risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, management, and treatment. ARDS is characterized by hypoxemia, bilateral lung infiltrates, and respiratory failure caused by various lung injuries. It involves exudative, proliferative and fibrotic phases. Management includes mechanical ventilation with low tidal volumes, positive end-expiratory pressure, fluid restriction and treatment of underlying conditions. However, mortality remains high at 50-60%.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common lung disease characterized by airflow limitation that is usually progressive. It is the third leading cause of death in the United States. The two main conditions that make up COPD are chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Cigarette smoking is the leading risk factor. Symptoms include dyspnea, chronic cough, and sputum production. Diagnosis is confirmed by spirometry showing airflow limitation. Management focuses on smoking cessation, bronchodilators, glucocorticoids, pulmonary rehabilitation, oxygen therapy, and managing exacerbations and comorbidities.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is an acute hypoxemic respiratory failure following a lung or systemic insult without heart failure. It involves diffuse bilateral lung infiltrates, normal heart functioning, and profound hypoxemia. Common causes include pneumonia, aspiration, and sepsis. Patients experience rapid onset of labored breathing and hypoxemia. Chest imaging shows bilateral infiltrates. Treatment focuses on supportive care, mechanical ventilation with low tidal volumes, and treating the underlying condition. While the mortality rate is high, especially with sepsis, outcomes have improved in recent decades.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is an acute hypoxemic respiratory failure following a lung or systemic insult without heart failure. It involves diffuse bilateral lung infiltrates, normal heart functioning, and profound hypoxemia. Common causes include pneumonia, aspiration, and sepsis. Patients experience rapid onset of labored breathing and hypoxemia. Chest imaging shows bilateral infiltrates. Treatment focuses on supportive care, mechanical ventilation with low tidal volumes, and treating the underlying condition. While the mortality rate is high, especially with sepsis, outcomes have improved in recent decades.
This document provides an overview of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It defines ARDS and discusses its causes, pathophysiology, diagnosis, incidence, prognosis and long-term outcomes. Treatment focuses on supportive care including mechanical ventilation with low tidal volumes, conservative fluid management, prone positioning and other strategies to improve oxygenation. Corticosteroids are not recommended for treatment due to lack of proven benefit. With treatment, prognosis depends on the underlying cause, but many ARDS survivors can expect to return to normal lifestyles within a year.
ARDS is a life-threatening form of respiratory failure characterized by diffuse lung inflammation and damage leading to hypoxemia. It has multiple causes but is commonly due to sepsis, pneumonia, or trauma. The pathology involves damage to the lung epithelium and endothelium, resulting in fluid accumulation in the alveoli. Treatment focuses on lung-protective ventilation with low tidal volumes, moderate levels of PEEP, and consideration of prone positioning. Other strategies include corticosteroids, neuromuscular blockade, and restrictive fluid management. More severe cases may require advanced support such as ECMO.
CICM FOT Theories and Reports interpretation slides (1) (1).pptx 5112023.pptxdranimesharya
Oscillometry measures the mechanical properties of the respiratory system during tidal breathing by applying oscillating pressure signals, and can detect abnormalities that standard spirometry misses. It is more sensitive than spirometry for detecting diseases involving the small airways and lung parenchyma. Oscillometry is easier for patients to perform, avoids the aerosol generation of forced maneuvers, and is safer than spirometry during viral pandemics. The measurements obtained from oscillometry can help locate abnormalities in the lungs and monitor treatment effectiveness over time.
mechanical ventilation in restrictive lung disease.pptxnigatendalamaw2
1. The document discusses mechanical ventilation in restrictive pulmonary diseases. It outlines causes of restrictive diseases including lung parenchyma disorders, pleural disorders, and extra-pulmonary disorders.
2. Lung parenchyma disorders discussed in detail include interstitial lung diseases like sarcoidosis and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, occupational lung diseases, and atelectatic disorders like ARDS.
3. The key characteristics of restrictive diseases are decreased vital capacity, total lung capacity, and gas exchange. Ventilator settings for restrictive diseases aim to use low tidal volumes and pressures to prevent further lung injury.
This document provides information about pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS). It defines PARDS as a complex inflammatory lung condition characterized by hypoxemia and respiratory failure. The document discusses the clinical features, pathogenesis, respiratory support strategies, complications, and goals of ventilator management for PARDS patients, which aim to maintain adequate gas exchange while minimizing ventilator-induced lung injury. Target oxygen saturation is 88-95% to allow permissive hypoxemia and hypercapnia. Ventilation strategies emphasize low tidal volumes, appropriate positive end-expiratory pressure, and monitoring of ventilation parameters.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening lung condition characterized by poor oxygenation, pulmonary infiltrates, and acute onset. It occurs when lung injury from direct or indirect causes results in increased permeability of the lungs and loss of aerated lung tissue. Management involves respiratory support through oxygen therapy, mechanical ventilation with low tidal volumes and PEEP, and prone positioning to improve oxygen levels. Complications can include infections, barotrauma, and multi-organ dysfunction if not properly managed.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is an acute lung injury syndrome characterized by hypoxemia, bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, and respiratory failure. It has a complex pathophysiology involving direct or indirect lung injury leading to increased permeability, protein-rich fluid accumulation in the lungs, and impaired gas exchange. ARDS progresses through exudative, proliferative, and fibrotic phases. Diagnosis is based on timing of onset, radiographic findings, and hypoxemia as defined by the Berlin criteria. Treatment involves supportive care, ventilator management to avoid further lung injury, and treating underlying causes.
This document provides information about pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS). It defines PARDS as a complex inflammatory lung condition characterized by hypoxemia and respiratory failure. The pathogenesis involves endothelial injury, edema fluid exudation in the lungs, and impaired gas exchange. Clinically, PARDS presents with severe hypoxemia, increased work of breathing, and bilateral lung infiltrates. Treatment focuses on mechanical ventilation with low tidal volumes, moderate PEEP, and permissive hypoxemia/hypercapnia to minimize ventilator-induced lung injury while maintaining oxygenation and CO2 removal. Complications can include multi-organ system failure, infections, and long-term issues from prolonged ventilation.
This document discusses protective lung ventilation strategies during and after cardiac surgery to reduce postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). It notes that as many as 20% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which has a high mortality rate. Protective ventilation strategies using lower tidal volumes, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and recruitment maneuvers have been shown in randomized controlled trials to reduce inflammatory markers and incidence of PPCs compared to conventional ventilation with higher tidal volumes and no PEEP. The IMPROVE trial also found protective ventilation during abdominal surgery reduced postoperative pulmonary and extrapulmonary complications and length of ICU stay compared to non-protective ventilation.
Common suppurative diseases of lung- Bronchiectasis...!Sharmin Susiwala
Bronchiectasis is a condition characterized by irreversible dilation of part of the bronchial tree due to damage to elastic and muscular components, usually from acute or chronic infection. It requires both an infectious insult and impaired drainage or airway obstruction. Symptoms include daily cough and sputum production. Diagnosis involves chest imaging showing abnormal lung signs and high-resolution CT scanning. Treatment focuses on controlling infections with antibiotics and clearing secretions. Complications can include lung damage and recurrent pneumonia.
The document provides information about acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It begins with a brief history of ARDS and provides the clinical definition. It describes the diagnostic criteria and etiology, including that most cases are caused by sepsis, pneumonia, or trauma. It then discusses the normal lung physiology and pathophysiology of ARDS, which involves three phases: exudative, proliferative, and fibrotic. The management section outlines the principles of therapy to provide adequate gas exchange while avoiding secondary injury, including mechanical ventilation protocols, fluid management, and other strategies. It concludes with a discussion of prognosis and recent advances in ARDS management such as protective ventilation strategies.
This document provides information about interstitial lung diseases (ILD). It begins with objectives of providing detailed knowledge about ILD and being able to define, classify, identify causes, signs/symptoms, risk factors, clinical manifestations and complications of various types of ILD. It then defines ILD, discusses types including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Diagnostic studies and medical management including antibiotics, corticosteroids and lung transplant are covered. Nursing management focuses on improving breathing, promoting gas exchange, and providing health education.
Empowering ACOs: Leveraging Quality Management Tools for MIPS and BeyondHealth Catalyst
Join us as we delve into the crucial realm of quality reporting for MSSP (Medicare Shared Savings Program) Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs).
In this session, we will explore how a robust quality management solution can empower your organization to meet regulatory requirements and improve processes for MIPS reporting and internal quality programs. Learn how our MeasureAble application enables compliance and fosters continuous improvement.
This document discusses thoracic anesthesia and includes outlines of topics, objectives, and details on preoperative evaluation, preparation, intraoperative monitoring, physiology of the lateral decubitus position under different conditions, and management of one-lung ventilation. Specifically, it covers assessing the surgical patient, optimizing medical conditions preoperatively, important intraoperative monitors, how induction of anesthesia and opening the chest impact ventilation and perfusion in the lateral position, and goals of managing one-lung ventilation.
The document summarizes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), including its definition, risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, management, and treatment. ARDS is characterized by hypoxemia, bilateral lung infiltrates, and respiratory failure caused by various lung injuries. It involves exudative, proliferative and fibrotic phases. Management includes mechanical ventilation with low tidal volumes, positive end-expiratory pressure, fluid restriction and treatment of underlying conditions. However, mortality remains high at 50-60%.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common lung disease characterized by airflow limitation that is usually progressive. It is the third leading cause of death in the United States. The two main conditions that make up COPD are chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Cigarette smoking is the leading risk factor. Symptoms include dyspnea, chronic cough, and sputum production. Diagnosis is confirmed by spirometry showing airflow limitation. Management focuses on smoking cessation, bronchodilators, glucocorticoids, pulmonary rehabilitation, oxygen therapy, and managing exacerbations and comorbidities.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is an acute hypoxemic respiratory failure following a lung or systemic insult without heart failure. It involves diffuse bilateral lung infiltrates, normal heart functioning, and profound hypoxemia. Common causes include pneumonia, aspiration, and sepsis. Patients experience rapid onset of labored breathing and hypoxemia. Chest imaging shows bilateral infiltrates. Treatment focuses on supportive care, mechanical ventilation with low tidal volumes, and treating the underlying condition. While the mortality rate is high, especially with sepsis, outcomes have improved in recent decades.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is an acute hypoxemic respiratory failure following a lung or systemic insult without heart failure. It involves diffuse bilateral lung infiltrates, normal heart functioning, and profound hypoxemia. Common causes include pneumonia, aspiration, and sepsis. Patients experience rapid onset of labored breathing and hypoxemia. Chest imaging shows bilateral infiltrates. Treatment focuses on supportive care, mechanical ventilation with low tidal volumes, and treating the underlying condition. While the mortality rate is high, especially with sepsis, outcomes have improved in recent decades.
This document provides an overview of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It defines ARDS and discusses its causes, pathophysiology, diagnosis, incidence, prognosis and long-term outcomes. Treatment focuses on supportive care including mechanical ventilation with low tidal volumes, conservative fluid management, prone positioning and other strategies to improve oxygenation. Corticosteroids are not recommended for treatment due to lack of proven benefit. With treatment, prognosis depends on the underlying cause, but many ARDS survivors can expect to return to normal lifestyles within a year.
ARDS is a life-threatening form of respiratory failure characterized by diffuse lung inflammation and damage leading to hypoxemia. It has multiple causes but is commonly due to sepsis, pneumonia, or trauma. The pathology involves damage to the lung epithelium and endothelium, resulting in fluid accumulation in the alveoli. Treatment focuses on lung-protective ventilation with low tidal volumes, moderate levels of PEEP, and consideration of prone positioning. Other strategies include corticosteroids, neuromuscular blockade, and restrictive fluid management. More severe cases may require advanced support such as ECMO.
CICM FOT Theories and Reports interpretation slides (1) (1).pptx 5112023.pptxdranimesharya
Oscillometry measures the mechanical properties of the respiratory system during tidal breathing by applying oscillating pressure signals, and can detect abnormalities that standard spirometry misses. It is more sensitive than spirometry for detecting diseases involving the small airways and lung parenchyma. Oscillometry is easier for patients to perform, avoids the aerosol generation of forced maneuvers, and is safer than spirometry during viral pandemics. The measurements obtained from oscillometry can help locate abnormalities in the lungs and monitor treatment effectiveness over time.
mechanical ventilation in restrictive lung disease.pptxnigatendalamaw2
1. The document discusses mechanical ventilation in restrictive pulmonary diseases. It outlines causes of restrictive diseases including lung parenchyma disorders, pleural disorders, and extra-pulmonary disorders.
2. Lung parenchyma disorders discussed in detail include interstitial lung diseases like sarcoidosis and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, occupational lung diseases, and atelectatic disorders like ARDS.
3. The key characteristics of restrictive diseases are decreased vital capacity, total lung capacity, and gas exchange. Ventilator settings for restrictive diseases aim to use low tidal volumes and pressures to prevent further lung injury.
This document provides information about pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS). It defines PARDS as a complex inflammatory lung condition characterized by hypoxemia and respiratory failure. The document discusses the clinical features, pathogenesis, respiratory support strategies, complications, and goals of ventilator management for PARDS patients, which aim to maintain adequate gas exchange while minimizing ventilator-induced lung injury. Target oxygen saturation is 88-95% to allow permissive hypoxemia and hypercapnia. Ventilation strategies emphasize low tidal volumes, appropriate positive end-expiratory pressure, and monitoring of ventilation parameters.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening lung condition characterized by poor oxygenation, pulmonary infiltrates, and acute onset. It occurs when lung injury from direct or indirect causes results in increased permeability of the lungs and loss of aerated lung tissue. Management involves respiratory support through oxygen therapy, mechanical ventilation with low tidal volumes and PEEP, and prone positioning to improve oxygen levels. Complications can include infections, barotrauma, and multi-organ dysfunction if not properly managed.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is an acute lung injury syndrome characterized by hypoxemia, bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, and respiratory failure. It has a complex pathophysiology involving direct or indirect lung injury leading to increased permeability, protein-rich fluid accumulation in the lungs, and impaired gas exchange. ARDS progresses through exudative, proliferative, and fibrotic phases. Diagnosis is based on timing of onset, radiographic findings, and hypoxemia as defined by the Berlin criteria. Treatment involves supportive care, ventilator management to avoid further lung injury, and treating underlying causes.
This document provides information about pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS). It defines PARDS as a complex inflammatory lung condition characterized by hypoxemia and respiratory failure. The pathogenesis involves endothelial injury, edema fluid exudation in the lungs, and impaired gas exchange. Clinically, PARDS presents with severe hypoxemia, increased work of breathing, and bilateral lung infiltrates. Treatment focuses on mechanical ventilation with low tidal volumes, moderate PEEP, and permissive hypoxemia/hypercapnia to minimize ventilator-induced lung injury while maintaining oxygenation and CO2 removal. Complications can include multi-organ system failure, infections, and long-term issues from prolonged ventilation.
This document discusses protective lung ventilation strategies during and after cardiac surgery to reduce postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). It notes that as many as 20% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which has a high mortality rate. Protective ventilation strategies using lower tidal volumes, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and recruitment maneuvers have been shown in randomized controlled trials to reduce inflammatory markers and incidence of PPCs compared to conventional ventilation with higher tidal volumes and no PEEP. The IMPROVE trial also found protective ventilation during abdominal surgery reduced postoperative pulmonary and extrapulmonary complications and length of ICU stay compared to non-protective ventilation.
Common suppurative diseases of lung- Bronchiectasis...!Sharmin Susiwala
Bronchiectasis is a condition characterized by irreversible dilation of part of the bronchial tree due to damage to elastic and muscular components, usually from acute or chronic infection. It requires both an infectious insult and impaired drainage or airway obstruction. Symptoms include daily cough and sputum production. Diagnosis involves chest imaging showing abnormal lung signs and high-resolution CT scanning. Treatment focuses on controlling infections with antibiotics and clearing secretions. Complications can include lung damage and recurrent pneumonia.
The document provides information about acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It begins with a brief history of ARDS and provides the clinical definition. It describes the diagnostic criteria and etiology, including that most cases are caused by sepsis, pneumonia, or trauma. It then discusses the normal lung physiology and pathophysiology of ARDS, which involves three phases: exudative, proliferative, and fibrotic. The management section outlines the principles of therapy to provide adequate gas exchange while avoiding secondary injury, including mechanical ventilation protocols, fluid management, and other strategies. It concludes with a discussion of prognosis and recent advances in ARDS management such as protective ventilation strategies.
This document provides information about interstitial lung diseases (ILD). It begins with objectives of providing detailed knowledge about ILD and being able to define, classify, identify causes, signs/symptoms, risk factors, clinical manifestations and complications of various types of ILD. It then defines ILD, discusses types including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Diagnostic studies and medical management including antibiotics, corticosteroids and lung transplant are covered. Nursing management focuses on improving breathing, promoting gas exchange, and providing health education.
Empowering ACOs: Leveraging Quality Management Tools for MIPS and BeyondHealth Catalyst
Join us as we delve into the crucial realm of quality reporting for MSSP (Medicare Shared Savings Program) Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs).
In this session, we will explore how a robust quality management solution can empower your organization to meet regulatory requirements and improve processes for MIPS reporting and internal quality programs. Learn how our MeasureAble application enables compliance and fosters continuous improvement.
About this webinar: This talk will introduce what cancer rehabilitation is, where it fits into the cancer trajectory, and who can benefit from it. In addition, the current landscape of cancer rehabilitation in Canada will be discussed and the need for advocacy to increase access to this essential component of cancer care.
INFECTION OF THE BRAIN -ENCEPHALITIS ( PPT)blessyjannu21
Neurological system includes brain and spinal cord. It plays an important role in functioning of our body. Encephalitis is the inflammation of the brain. Causes include viral infections, infections from insect bites or an autoimmune reaction that affects the brain. It can be life-threatening or cause long-term complications. Treatment varies, but most people require hospitalization so they can receive intensive treatment, including life support.
PET CT beginners Guide covers some of the underrepresented topics in PET CTMiadAlsulami
This lecture briefly covers some of the underrepresented topics in Molecular imaging with cases , such as:
- Primary pleural tumors and pleural metastases.
- Distinguishing between MPM and Talc Pleurodesis.
- Urological tumors.
- The role of FDG PET in NET.
Stem Cell Solutions: Dr. David Greene's Path to Non-Surgical Cardiac CareDr. David Greene Arizona
Explore the groundbreaking work of Dr. David Greene, a pioneer in regenerative medicine, who is revolutionizing the field of cardiology through stem cell therapy in Arizona. This ppt delves into how Dr. Greene's innovative approach is providing non-surgical, effective treatments for heart disease, using the body's own cells to repair heart damage and improve patient outcomes. Learn about the science behind stem cell therapy, its benefits over traditional cardiac surgeries, and the promising future it holds for modern medicine. Join us as we uncover how Dr. Greene's commitment to stem cell research and therapy is setting new standards in healthcare and offering new hope to cardiac patients.
At Apollo Hospital, Lucknow, U.P., we provide specialized care for children experiencing dehydration and other symptoms. We also offer NICU & PICU Ambulance Facility Services. Consult our expert today for the best pediatric emergency care.
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Can Allopathy and Homeopathy Be Used Together in India.pdfDharma Homoeopathy
This article explores the potential for combining allopathy and homeopathy in India, examining the benefits, challenges, and the emerging field of integrative medicine.
Chandrima Spa Ajman is one of the leading Massage Center in Ajman, which is open 24 hours exclusively for men. Being one of the most affordable Spa in Ajman, we offer Body to Body massage, Kerala Massage, Malayali Massage, Indian Massage, Pakistani Massage Russian massage, Thai massage, Swedish massage, Hot Stone Massage, Deep Tissue Massage, and many more. Indulge in the ultimate massage experience and book your appointment today. We are confident that you will leave our Massage spa feeling refreshed, rejuvenated, and ready to take on the world.
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KEY Points of Leicester travel clinic In London doc.docxNX Healthcare
In order to protect visitors' safety and wellbeing, Travel Clinic Leicester offers a wide range of travel-related health treatments, including individualized counseling and vaccines. Our team of medical experts specializes in getting people ready for international travel, with a particular emphasis on vaccines and health consultations to prevent travel-related illnesses. We provide a range of travel-related services, such as health concerns unique to a trip, prevention of malaria, and travel-related medical supplies. Our clinic is dedicated to providing top-notch care, keeping abreast of the most recent recommendations for vaccinations and travel health precautions. The goal of Travel Clinic Leicester is to keep you safe and well-rested no matter what kind of travel you choose—business, pleasure, or adventure.
Letter to MREC - application to conduct studyAzreen Aj
Application to conduct study on research title 'Awareness and knowledge of oral cancer and precancer among dental outpatient in Klinik Pergigian Merlimau, Melaka'
Trauma Outpatient Center is a comprehensive facility dedicated to addressing mental health challenges and providing medication-assisted treatment. We offer a diverse range of services aimed at assisting individuals in overcoming addiction, mental health disorders, and related obstacles. Our team consists of seasoned professionals who are both experienced and compassionate, committed to delivering the highest standard of care to our clients. By utilizing evidence-based treatment methods, we strive to help our clients achieve their goals and lead healthier, more fulfilling lives.
Our mission is to provide a safe and supportive environment where our clients can receive the highest quality of care. We are dedicated to assisting our clients in reaching their objectives and improving their overall well-being. We prioritize our clients' needs and individualize treatment plans to ensure they receive tailored care. Our approach is rooted in evidence-based practices proven effective in treating addiction and mental health disorders.
Deep Leg Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Meaning, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Mor...The Lifesciences Magazine
Deep Leg Vein Thrombosis occurs when a blood clot forms in one or more of the deep veins in the legs. These clots can impede blood flow, leading to severe complications.
Gemma Wean- Nutritional solution for Artemiasmuskaan0008
GEMMA Wean is a high end larval co-feeding and weaning diet aimed at Artemia optimisation and is fortified with a high level of proteins and phospholipids. GEMMA Wean provides the early weaned juveniles with dedicated fish nutrition and is an ideal follow on from GEMMA Micro or Artemia.
GEMMA Wean has an optimised nutritional balance and physical quality so that it flows more freely and spreads readily on the water surface. The balance of phospholipid classes to- gether with the production technology based on a low temperature extrusion process improve the physical aspect of the pellets while still retaining the high phospholipid content.
GEMMA Wean is available in 0.1mm, 0.2mm and 0.3mm. There is also a 0.5mm micro-pellet, GEMMA Wean Diamond, which covers the early nursery stage from post-weaning to pre-growing.
Michigan HealthTech Market Map 2024. Includes 7 categories: Policy Makers, Academic Innovation Centers, Digital Health Providers, Healthcare Providers, Payers / Insurance, Device Companies, Life Science Companies, Innovation Accelerators. Developed by the Michigan-Israel Business Accelerator
1. Illustration by Smart-Servier Medical Art
CHANGES IN AIRWAY
MANAGEMENT IN POST
COVID 19 PANDEMIC
DR DAISY GOGOI
PRATIKSHA HOSPITAL
GUWAHATI,ASSAM
2.
3. Illustration by Smart-Servier Medical Art
The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic represents the
infection with the highest lethality.
Most sequelae and multi-organ consequences,
especially respiratory.
Various interventions in the field of respiratory and
intensive care medicine done to reduce mortality and
chronicity.
MULTIDISCIPLINARY -physical, emotional, organizing,
and economic aspects.
Post
INTRODUCTION
4. Illustration by Smart-Servier Medical Art
•Introduction to Airway Management in the Post-COVID Era
Preparing for Airway Management in the Post-COVID Era
Innovations in Airway Management Techniques
Training and Education in Post-COVID Airway Management
Challenges and Solutions in Post-COVID Airway Management
Mitigating Risks and Ensuring Patient Safe
6. Illustration by Smart-Servier Medical Art
cough, shortness of
breath from mild, such as
fever,
, to critical disease,
including respiratory
failure, shock
multi-organ system
failure.
SYMPTOMS CAN RANGE
8. Illustration by Smart-Servier Medical Art
1.Residual respiratory effect-
2.airway hyperreactivity-airway inflammation
3.delayed presentation –advanced airway complications
4.care of patient anxiety during airway procedures
5.multidisciplinary involvement
6.use and availability of more advance airway devices .
9. LESSONS WE LEARNT
Increased use of
PPE
Emphasis on
infection control
measures
Preoperative care to
manage complications
Use of more
advanced airway
devices
Adoption of
alternative airway,
HFNC, NIV ,prone
Development of
specialized protocol
10.
11. A spectrum of pulmonary manifestations, ranging from
1. dyspnea (with or without chronic oxygen dependence)
2. difficult ventilator weaning
3. fibrotic lung damage.
4. The need for supplemental oxygen due to persistent hypoxemia, or new
requirement for continuous positive airway pressure or other breathing
support
12. Viral-dependent mechanisms (including invasion of alveolar
epithelial and endothelial cells by SARS-CoV-2)
viral-independent mechanisms (such as immunological damage,
including perivascular inflammation) contribute to the breakdown
of the endothelial–epithelial barrier with invasion of monocytes
and neutrophils and extravasation of a protein-rich exudate into
the alveolar space, consistent with other forms of ARDS.
Pulmonary vascular microthrombosis and macrothrombosis
have been observed in 20–30% of patients with COVID-19
PATHOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
15. LARYNGOTRACHEAL STENOSIS
TUBE SIZE- Use of larger than
normal tubes.
CUFF PRESSURE-
maintenance of excessively high
cuff pressure and delay in
tracheotomy performance . Cuff
pressure of endotracheal tube
above the capillary perfusion
pressure of tracheal mucosa
ranging from 20 to 30 mmHg
leads to mucosal ischemia and
damage.
INSTRUMENTATION -Prolonged
mechanical ventilation , using
high ventilatory pressures, and
consequent high tube cuff
pressure
POSITION-pronation cycles
used in intubated patients with
COVID-19 could have caused
an increase in airway lesions.
16. Illustration by Smart-Servier Medical Art
Persistent interstitial lung changes
Most frequent sequele.
Survivors from severe covid19 that required
high-flux nasal cannula (HFNC), non-invasive
ventilation (NIV) or intubation and
mechanical ventilation are more prone.
17. Pulmonary Fibrosis
PF disease is characterized by
scarring of the lungs.
Excessive deposition of
extracellular matrix molecules,
such as collagen, laminin, and
fibronectin, in the parenchymal
lung tissue
thickened alveolar walls, which
hinders gas exchange and
contributes to decreased and/or
declining lung function, dyspnea,
fatigue, and exercise intolerance.
18. ● The higher mortality rate of our ECMO-treated COVID-19 patients admitted after July 1, 2020, was
unexpected.
● strong and dysregulated spontaneous respiratory efforts, associated with wide transpulmonary pressure
swings might heighten the risk of harmful “self-inflicted lung injury” on HFNO or NIV, with more
frequent fibrotic evolution of COVID-19 pneumonia
20. Pulmonary function tests
● Pulmonary function tests have always been valuable in assessing
pulmonary diseases and respiratory function.
● MERS and SARS has shown that pulmonary function testing is a
valuable tool to assess for lung damage after recovery.
21. AIRWAY ULTRASOUND
● Airway ultrasound has gained significant
attention in the post COVID era.
● Useful in assessing respiratory
complications, airway management .
● Helpful in diagnosis of airway
stenosis,like airway stenosis , and vocal
cord dysfunction .
● Helpful regarding intubation, extubation
and management of airway issues.
25. REHABILITATION
● Low-intensity aerobic exercises followed by the introduction
of strengthening exercises and formal occupational therapy
and psychology evaluation.
● The European Respiratory Society and American Thoracic
Society interim guidance recommended formal assessment
6–8 weeks after acute infection,
● a comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation programs for
patients with new or persistent respiratory symptoms in
addition to oxygen requirements, persistent radiological
abnormalities, or pulmonary function tests abnormalities.
Telerehabilitation and home-based programs are increasingly
used.
26. Illustration by Smart-Servier Medical Art
Labarca et al. conducted a case–control study among patients with acute
respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to COVID-19 and mild or
moderate disease, showing that, in surviving patients, the prevalence of
undiagnosed OSA was statistically significant compared to patients with mild
or moderate disease. After adjusting for other confounders, OSA was
independently associated with ARDS. Moreover, undiagnosed OSA
presented more pulmonary sequelae in the medium term, in addition to being
associated with variables such as male gender, ARDS, and total days on
invasive mechanical ventilation
27. CARE OF AIRWAY FOR GENERAL ANAESTHESIA
.
Optimal
Positioning is
important
Aimed at
optimizing lung
function and
prevent
complications
Induction
techniques
Rapid sequence
when risk is
present
Less sedatives
Monitoring. Vital
signs, oxygen
saturation,blood
pressure,heart
rate,EtCO2
Extubation
carefully to
minimize the risk of
aerosol generation
and coughing
30. Illustration by Smart-Servier Medical Art
VIDEO LARYNGOSCOPE
Reduced aerosol
generation
Minimized exposure
Improved visualization
Documentation
Minimum contact
DISPOSABLE
EQUIPMENNTS
Disposable ETT and supraglottic
airway devices
Disposable blades and handles
Filters and HMEFs
Nasopharyngeal airways
Cricothyrotomy kits
Ventilator circuits
Intubation stylets and bougies
31. Illustration by Smart-Servier Medical Art
ETT-. It completely seal the trachea and provides better
protection against aerosol liberation and lowers infection risk for
healthcare providers .
MUSCLE RELAXANT- Use of more rapid inducing agents like
succinylcholine and rocuronium .
32. Illustration by Smart-Servier Medical Art
HFNC
It became more available .
The WHO advises that HFNO should be used
for selected adult patients with hypoxaemic
respiratory failure and that HFNO can reduce
the need for intubation.
Use in paediatric population has increased.
Apnoeic oxygenation time has really increased
.
HFNO has been used to prolong the apnoea
phase during tracheal intubation and to reduce
intubation rates in acute respiratory failure
33. CONCLUSION
HIGHLIGHTED THE
AIRWAY CHANGES IN
INDIVIUALS
IMPLICATIONS FOR
HEALTHCARE
Investigations
Monitoring
ADAPTATION AND
RESEARCH
COLLABORATION AND
MULTIDISCIPILARY
APPROACH
FUTURE
PREPAREDNESS
SIZE-The fear of contamination of health care workers during invasive and aerosol generating manoeuvres such as tracheostomy often
Availabity and cost effectiveness of disposable equipments should be balanced with the environmental consideration
ETT-Over the past years, prehospital airway management for paramedics has moved away from endotracheal intubation (ETI) towards supraglottic airway devices (SAD), skill acquisition and skill retention for ETI have proven difficult and there is evidence that SAD are non-inferior to ETI in OHCA. In the context of COVID-19, however, ETI has made a comeback