Presentation on Air Pollution & case study of Delhi

1. PRESENTED
BY:- Yash johri
13/ICE/060

3. Air pollution refers to the
release of pollutants into the
air that are detrimental to
human health and the planet as
a whole.
Air Pollution
According to IS 4167-1980, Air Pollution is define as presence in
ambient atmosphere of substance called Air Pollutants generally
resulting from activities of humans in sufficient concentration
present for sufficient time & under circumstances such as to
interfere with comfort/health or welfare of living beings.

4. Pollutants
An air pollutant is a substance( Solid, Liquid , Droplets, Gases) in the
air that can have adverse effects on humans and the ecosystem.
A pollutant can be of natural origin or man-made.
Pollutant
Primary
Secondary
Secondary pollutants are form in the air when
primary pollutants react or interact.
Primary are emitted directly from the source.

5. CO2
SOx
NOx
CO
VOC
Particulates
CFCs
NH3
Odours
Radioactive
Pollutants
Secondary
O3
Peroxyacetyl
Nitrate(PAN)Primary
• Refer to any dispersed matter, solid, liquid in which the individual
aggregates are larger than single small molecule approximately
0.001 micrometer but smaller than 1000 micrometer.
Particulates

6. SOURCES POLLUTANTS
Combustion Process Dust, Fumes, Smoke, CO, Organic vapour
Chemical Process Dust, fume, Mist, Ammonia, Sulphur Oxide
Petroleum Operation N2, H2S, NH3, CO, Mercaptain
Metallurgical Process Dust, Fumes, so2, Co, Fluorides, Organic
carbon
Agriculture Activities Organic Phosphate, Sulphur Oxide, Smog,
Fly-ash
Nuclear Process Radioactive Gases, Fluorides, Iodine, Argon
Sources & Pollutants

7. Global warming
•Increase of Earth's average surface temperature due to effect of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide
emissions from burning fossil fuels or from deforestation, which trap heat that would otherwise escape
from Earth
Acid Rain
•Harmful gases like nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides are released into the atmosphere during the burning
of fossil fuels.
•When it rains, the water droplets combines with these air pollutants, becomes acidic and then falls on the
ground in the form of acid rain. Acid rai ncan cause great damage to human, animals and crops
Depletion of Ozone layer
•Ozone exists in earth’s stratosphere and is
responsible for protecting humans from harmful
ultraviolet (UV) rays.
• Earth’s ozone layer is depleting due to the
presence of CFCs, hydro CFCs in the atmosphere
• As ozone layer will go thin, it will emit harmful
rays back on earth and can cause skin and eye
related problems. UV rays also have the capability
to affect crops
.
Eutrophication
•Eutrophication is a condition where high amount
of nitrogen present in some pollutants gets
developed on sea’s surface and turns itself into
algae and and adversely affect fish, plants and
animal species.
•The green colored algae that is present on lakes
and ponds is due to presence of this chemical
only.
Effects of Air Pollution
Respiratory and Heart problems Effect on Wildlife

8. Cities PM2.5 (µg/m3) PM10 (µg/m3)
Delhi 153 286
Patna 149 164
Gwalior 144 329
Raipur 134 305
Ahmedabad 100 67
Firozabad 96 218.5
Amritsar 92 210
Kanpur 88 201.5
Agra 88 200
Ludhiana 86 195.5
Top Air Polluted cities in India

11. CPCBStandards(1997)

15. Comparison between normal days and Odd-
Even Days

16. Crackers got burnt every year,
farmers burn their crops every year
but why pollution is too much this
year in Delhi ?
The Centre's System of Air Quality
and Weather Forecasting and
Research (SAFAR) recorded the level
of respirable pollutants, PM 2.5 and
PM 10, at 283 and 517 micrograms
per cubic meter respectively around
8 PM on Sunday, violating the safe
limits by multiple times.

17. The burning of trash, which can contain plastic, rubber and metal items and gives off toxic emissions, also adds
to the city’s acrid air
Non-polluting modes of public transportation are jeopardized. Currently it is too dangerous to walk and cycle
safely in the city. Road accident data for 2015 shows every hour 2 person is injured or killed in a road accident
in Delhi
From 2005 to 2015 vehicle numbers have increased by as much as 97%, contributing enormously to the
pollution load and direct exposure to toxic fumes
Emissions from vehicles, industries using coal for power and dust from construction activities and movement of
vehicles.
Reversal in the normal direction of wind [ Normally, the wind direction in Delhi is north westerly (west to east).
But from October 28 till date, the north easterly (east to west) component was prevailing, preventing
pollutants from dispersing and allowing them to accumulate in the air]
Very low wind speed [Mean wind speed dropped to 1.8 meters per second last week compared with 3.4 meter
per second around the same time last year, reducing the amount of pollutants that were dispersed]