about community health.

1. The University of Haripur, KPK, Pakistan
(Department of Public Health and Nutrition)
Global Disease Epidemiology and Control
Title :
Impact of Air and Water Pollution on Global Health
Presented To:
Dr. Shahbaz Ahmad Zakki
Presented By
Muhammad Afzal
Reg No. S23-0048
PhD Public Health 2nd Semester

2. Air Pollution:
Dirty Air, The Unseen Threat to Global Health (A Breath-taking Danger)
Air pollution refers to the presence of harmful substances, known as pollutants, in the Earth's atmosphere in
quantities that can adversely affect human health, ecosystems, and the overall quality of the air.
• Around the world, millions breathe air so choked with toxins it harms their lungs.
• Tiny particles in the air, invisible to the eye, are dangerous to our health
• Respiratory diseases (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - COPD)
• Cardiovascular diseases linked to air pollution
• Adverse effects on vulnerable populations (children, elderly, those with pre-existing conditions
• Cancer risks associated with exposure to air pollutants
• Neurological effects and links to cognitive decline
• Children, pregnant women, and the elderly are particularly vulnerable.
• This silent pandemic, air and water pollution, knows no borders, impacting everyone from busy cities to remote
villages. Asthma attacks, coughing, and wheezing become routine, while invisible risks like heart disease and cancer.

3. Source of Air Pollution:
• Industrial emissions
• Transportation-related pollution
• Agricultural activities
Global Health and Air Pollution
• It is important to discuss that how globalization has led to the transfer of pollution across borders.
• Movement of pollutants through trade, travel, and atmospheric pathways
• Examples of air pollutants that can travel long distances (e.g., particulate matter, ozone)
• Illustrate the impact of emissions from one country on the air quality of neighbouring nations
• Air and water pollution don't stay put, they travel across borders, impacting health on a global scale.
• Polluted air from one country can drift to another, carrying respiratory illnesses with it
• Respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in neighbouring countries
• Increased risk of chronic conditions due to exposure to foreign pollutants
• Today, we can see that invisible dangers is waiting in our air and water, and their distressing consequences for global
health

4. Water Pollution: (Breathing Dirty, Drinking Dirty: The Unseen Threat of Air and Water Pollution)
Water pollution refers to the contamination of water bodies, including rivers, lakes, oceans, and groundwater, with
substances that render them unfit for their intended uses. These substances can be: Physical, chemical and Biological.
• Our rivers, lakes, and oceans are drowning in a sea of contamination.
• Raw sewage, industrial waste, and chemicals poison water sources, rendering them unfit for drinking or bathing.
• Waterborne diseases like cholera, typhoid, and diarrhoea thrive in these polluted waters.
• Millions across the globe lack access to clean water, jeopardizing their health and wellbeing
• Chronic health issues linked to prolonged exposure to polluted water
• Birth defects and developmental problems in children
• Contaminants in water affecting organ systems (e.g., heavy metals, pesticides.
• The combined impact on health when air and water pollution coexist. Examples of regions facing dual challenges
Sources of Water Pollution
• Industrial discharge
• Agricultural runoff
• Improper disposal of waste and chemicals

5. Water Pollution and Global Health:
• Air and water pollution don't stay put, they travel across borders, impacting health on a global scale.
• Polluted air from one country can drift to another, carrying respiratory illnesses with it.
• Contaminated water sources flow downstream, affecting communities hundreds of miles away.
• The impact ripples through economies, healthcare systems, and social structures, weakening and destabilizing entire
regions.
• The movement of contaminants through rivers, oceans, and groundwater
• Pollution in one country's water sources can affect downstream nations
Strategies for Preventions of Air and Water Pollution:
• The fight against air and water pollution is a global responsibility, demanding collective action.
• Investing in renewable energy, reducing car dependence, and adopting sustainable practices can clear the air
• Overview of global efforts to address cross-border pollution
• International agreements and initiatives.
• Political and economic barriers to collaboration

6. Continued
• The need for coordinated efforts and shared responsibility.
• Highlight the concept of environmental justice in the context of cross-border pollution
• Communities disproportionately affected and the need for equitable solutions.
• Discuss potential scenarios and trends related to cross-border pollution
• The role of technology, policy, and public awareness in shaping the future.
• Highlight strategies for mitigating cross-border pollution
• Encourage international cooperation for sustainable practices.
• Emphasize the importance of global collaboration for a healthier planet
• Treating wastewater, controlling industrial waste, and protecting water sources can purify our drinking water.
• Education, awareness, and community involvement are crucial to drive change and protect our shared environment
• From planting trees to cleaning up rivers, every action, however small, adds up. Let's join hands, breathe cleaner air, and
drink purer water.
• Provide a specific example or case study illustrating the health consequences of cross-border water pollution
• Including relevant statistics and images,