The document discusses oil, including that it is a fossil fuel that comes from ancient plants and animals, how we drill for oil using rigs and drills to extract it from underground, and the distillation process used to separate crude oil into useful products like gasoline, diesel, and other fuels. It also briefly describes how oil spills can occur from accidents involving ships, pipelines, or storage containers and the environmental damage they can cause.

1. “Oil”
By: Ahmed Mohamed

2. Agenda
What Is Oil?
How Do We Get Oil?
Turning Oil into Fuel: The Distillation
Process
Oil Spills, potential reasons

3. Oil
Fossil Animals and plants
from millions of
years ago.
What Is Oil?:
•Oil is the substance that comes out of the ground.
•It is also known as petroleum which is a non-renewable
resource.
•Crude oil is a fossil fuel, meaning that ancient plants and
animals that died millions of years ago had decomposed
naturally to fossils.

4. Oil Oil Tube
Oil Layer
Sharp
Driller
Oil Rig
How Do We Get Oil?:
Oil is underground and people have to use an oil rig to drill thick
rocks until it reaches the oil layer.
They use mechanic sharpened teeth driller to drill underground.
 When they finish drilling to the oil layer, they get a tube to suck
the oil from underground.

5. Oil
Turning Oil into Fuel:
The Distillation Process
•Crude oil is placed into a distillation column in order to
separate the substance into new elements.
•Crude oil is heated up and, depending on the
temperature, produces different products.

6. Oil
The Distillation
End-Products
Light Middle Heavy
distillates distillate distillates Others
•Liquid
petroleum gas •Automotive •Petrochemical
(LPG) •Heavy fuel •Asphalt
and railroad
•Gasoline oils •Petroleum
diesel fuels
(known as •Bunker fuel • coke
petrol)
•Residential
oil and other •Lubricating
•Kerosene heating fuel
residual fuel oils
•Jet fuel and •Other light
oils •Waxes and
other aircraft fuel oils
fuel greases

7. Oil
How Oil Spills Happen
Usually, oil spills happen after an accident:
1. A truck full of oil may tip over and spill oil on a highway and the ground next
to the highway.
2. A ship carrying crude oil may be caught in a storm or strike a reef, tearing
open its oil tanks.
3. A pipe carrying crude oil through a wilderness or underwater may burst. In
all these cases, the spill is the result of an accident.
•The most difficult place to clean up an oil spill is on the ocean, but not all oil
spills happen at sea; some happen on land.
•Both kinds can kill animals and poison water, and clean-up is expensive.
• Technology offers some means of controlling spills after they happen, but oil
spills cause environmental damage before they are contained.

8. Bibliography
http://www.ehow.com/about_5444185_oil-spill-information-kids.html
http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/energy/oil-refining3.htm
http://www.eoearth.org/article/Petroleum_refining_processes?topic=74180
http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/energy/oil-drilling.htm

9. Q&A