As Kierkegaard elegantly pointed out, "There are two ways to be fooled: One is to believe what isn't so; the other is to refuse to believe what is so." The problem of being fooled "by believing what isn't so" appears to be endemic in mainstream economic circles. Increasingly, we see the panic of central bankers and politicians in the thrall of the mistaken belief that the mere act of printing money can conjure wealth and sustainable growth into existence that this nostrum has stopped working. Agcapita is Canada's only RRSP and TFSA eligible farmland fund and is part of a family of funds with over $100 million in assets under management. Agcapita believes farmland is a safe investment, that supply is shrinking and that unprecedented demand for "food, feed and fuel" will continue to move crop prices higher over the long-term. Agcapita created the Farmland Investment Partnership to allow investors to add professionally managed farmland to their portfolios.

1. Agcapita Update
February 2011

2. Agcapita Update
As Kierkegaard elegantly pointed out, “There are two ways to be
fooled: One is to believe what isn’t so; the other is to refuse to
believe what is so.”
The problem of being fooled “by believing what isn’t so” appears
to be endemic in mainstream economic circles. Increasingly, we
see the panic of central bankers and politicians in the thrall of the
mistaken belief that the mere act of printing money can conjure
wealth and sustainable growth into existence that this nostrum
has stopped working.
In simple terms the powers that be in the west have been fooled
by Keynesian dogma that:
– nominal increases in GDP represent growth;
– printing money increases nominal GDP; therefore
– printing money must generate growth.
Surely, this is to believe what isn’t so. A simple example of
the fallacy this represents is Frederic Bastiat’s parable of the
“broken window”. To paraphrase Bastiat, if all the windows in
the country were suddenly broken there might be an increase
in nominal GDP as the reconstruction took place but we should
not be fooled into believing that this has made us wealthier.
Keynesians would argue that business activity has been
stimulated, jobs were created and the economy benefited.
In his own version of the “broken window” Keynes famously
advocated burying newly printed money and paying people to
dig it up as a way to stimulate the economy.
With all due respect to Lord Keynes, this belief is in the process
of being exposed as the mirage it has always been. The true
measure of the wealth of an economy is the pool of productive
capital. Currency is merely the measuring stick. In our broken
window example, the pool has been maintained but without
the reconstruction it could have been increased - therefore the
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3. Agcapita Update (continued)
net effect, taking into account both “the seen and overnight would we have more farmland, more oil
the unseen” in Bastiat’s words, is actually a loss of wells, more factories, more of anything other than
wealth. decimal places in our currency? The nominal price of
all these things would likely increase but the size of
If printing money does not create productive capital the capital pool has not changed. How do the money
then how can you explain its perennial appeal printing programs currently underway differ from this
amongst the banking and political classes? in anything but magnitude?
For politicians, printing money is desirable for two Unfortunately, the perverse consequences of printing
reasons. Firstly, it acts as an unseen tax. One which money do not stop with the misappropriation of
few voters understand and for which even fewer wealth from the inflatees to the inflators. A policy
are likely to blame the political class, at least in the of artificially low interest rates serves to sustain or
beginning. Secondly, by reducing the value of the create additional mal-investments - investments that
currency, the measuring stick I mentioned above, cannot generate sufficient returns, and in many cases
politicians are able to fool many of the voters that over the last decade ANY returns, to justify their
their wealth has increased, but of course no such existence. The failure to liquidate mal-investments
thing has happened. allows the economic problems they cause to multiply
and the inevitable accounting to be that much more
For members of the privileged banking class the devastating. Artificially low interest rates also fool the
appeal of printing money is that they are best market into believing that capital is plentiful and that
positioned to take advantage of the confusion consumption can continue at unsustainable levels
between the measurement of the pool of capital and with severe consequences for the real economy.
the actual pool of capital itself. In simple terms, they The word consume means “to expend, to use up,
can exchange the declining currency for productive to waste or squander”. Always remember that
assets while artificially low interest rates finance these consumption represents the diversion of productive
activities at minimal cost. capital into non-productive uses - i.e. the destruction
of capital. Savings, on the other hand, are the only
So in general while printing money creates no new source of capital to create productive assets.
wealth in the form of productive capital, a significant
amount of wealth can be misappropriated silently by I do not believe that the aggressive expansion of the
the banking and political classes. For the rest of us, money supply in the west will have a beneficial effect
the relentless expansion of the money supply offers on the real economy - i.e. will not increase the pool of
no true benefits and the very real danger that it is our productive capital in any meaningful way. However,
wealth that is misappropriated. I do believe it will fuel inflation and speculative
activities. Of course, more inflation and speculation
In the spirit of Bastiat, ask yourself if the central are exactly the opposite of what western economies
banks increased the global money supply 20-fold need. We cannot all make our livings selling condos,
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4. Agcapita Update (continued)
stocks and bonds to each other - someone has to In general, my investment premise remains that
produce something and production requires genuine sustained real growth is unlikely to take place in the
capital. developed world until we stop engaging in capital
destroying activities. Worse, our depleted and
But this Frankenstein, finance driven economy declining capital pool, combined with an enormous
appears to be exactly what our governments and expansion of the monetary base and expanding
central bankers are trying to keep alive. The west has government is creating a high probability of an
become a vast inflation-creating machine in order to extended period of stagflation in the west.
support the impaired banking and housing sectors.
According to data published by analyst Mike Hewitt, This is not to say that I take a universally pessimistic
since the dot.com crash in 2001 and the onset of view of possible future returns. I believe that
aggressive low interest policies, the global money exposure to inflation-hedging assets with strong
(M0) supply has increased over 170%. Some, fooled macro fundamentals and underlying cash generating
by government inflation data ask - “but where is all capability, ideally in sectors exposed to growth
the inflation?” Fortunately for us, the Renminbi peg outside of developed markets, will continue to be
and OPEC petro-dollar recycling have been escape a fruitful area to search for outperformance over
routes for a large amount of western money/inflation the long-term. My personal preference remains
creation and heavily massaged government inflation agriculture and energy.
data has helped disguise the rest.
Kind Regards
As fast as we have been creating money in the west,
China and OPEC have been importing and storing Stephen Johnston - CIO
it on their balance sheets in the form of developed
world sovereign debt. Some observers even argue Petrocapita Income Trust & Agcapita Farmland
that China will indefinitely accumulate western debt in Investment Partnership
order to maintain its peg against our inherently weak
currencies. I believe that this is wishful thinking and
once again it is to be fooled into believing what isn’t Stephen graduated from London Business School
so merely because something hasn’t happened to and is the founder of one of Canada’s largest
date. When the emerging economies are forced to farmland investment funds, Agcapita, and Petrocapita
take serious steps to check domestic inflation - which Income Trust. Petrocapita is an energy investment
for example is already starting to happen in China trust built around the core premise that the world is in
- they will stop purchasing our debt and even start a bull market in commodities driven by inflation and
selling it, at which point decades of stored western a step-change increase in demand and, accordingly,
inflation could be returned to us in a very short period that investments with direct or indirect exposure
of time indeed. to commodities in a politically stable environment
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5. Agcapita Update (continued)
such as Canada will provide above average returns.
Petrocapita holds a portfolio of low risk, producing
energy assets.
Stephen has over 15 years experience as a fund
manger – working for organizations such as the
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development,
Societe Generale and Baring Brothers.
Stephen has appeared on Business News Network
and CBC News and been quoted in such media
outlets as Fortune, the Financial Times and The
Globe and Mail.
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contained herein are provided as of the date hereof and are subject to
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instruments), nor shall such information, opinions, estimates, projections and
other materials be considered as investment advice or as a recommendation
to enter into any transaction. Additional information is available by contacting
AGCAPITA or its relevant affiliate directly.
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Calgary, Alberta T2S 2T4 Fax: +1.403.648.2776
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