The painting reflects his fascination with the interplay of light and dark, not just in the physical world but also within the human experience.It’s also influence on art history, and its thematic elements such as loneliness, connection, and the interplay of light and darkness. Additionally, one might reflect on how the painting captures the essence of café culture in late 19th-century France and the artist's personal experiences and struggles reflected in the work. Imagining a cold, cloudless Parisian night filled with stars and a warm cafe in the middle of the night, grabbing a cup of coffee, and lost in some musings about life, the Cafe Terrace at Night is what I imagine.

1. BATAAN PENINSULA STATE UNIVERSITY
ABUCAY CAMPUS
Bangkal, Abucay 2114 Bataan
PHILIPPINES
Vision
An inclusive and sustainable University recognized for its global
and academic excellence by 2030.
Mission
To develop innovative leaders and empowered communities by
delivering transformative instruction, research, extension, and production
through Change Drivers and responsive policies.
AGBE4223 – Basic Farm Machineries, Mechanization, and Water Management
Laboratory Exercise No 1
Primary and Secondary Energy Sources Plants
Name: Baluyot, Jennica Section_____ Date: ______ Score: ______
Dela Rea, Ryan Rich
Fernando, Jelord
Gimena, Aldrin
Honor, Dhenghel Anne
Malimban, Carla
Malit, Jan Evan
Manalansan, Erwin Jay
Polon, Jayveen
Ramos, Alyssa Joy
Recinto, Jm
Sayritan, Rica D.
I. INTRODUCTION (Provide your own introduction.)
Primary and secondary energy sources play crucial roles in meeting our energy
needs, with plants being significant contributors to both categories. Primary energy
sources are natural resources directly extracted from the environment, such as fossil
fuels, sunlight, wind, and biomass. In contrast, secondary energy sources are derived
from the conversion of primary sources into usable forms, like electricity or refined
fuels. Plants can also be considered secondary energy sources when their biomass
undergoes processes like combustion or fermentation to produce usable energy
II. OBJECTIVES
At the end of this activity, the student should be able to:
1. identify different primary and secondary energy sources in the Philippines;
and
2. familiarize, describe, and provide existing plants for each primary and
secondary source.

2. BATAAN PENINSULA STATE UNIVERSITY
ABUCAY CAMPUS
Bangkal, Abucay 2114 Bataan
PHILIPPINES
Vision
An inclusive and sustainable University recognized for its global
and academic excellence by 2030.
Mission
To develop innovative leaders and empowered communities by
delivering transformative instruction, research, extension, and production
through Change Drivers and responsive policies.
III. METHODOLOGY
1. Conduct a comprehensive research on the existing primary and secondary
plants (energy sources) in the country by following the guide question.
2. Provide separate sheet for definition of term to place the encountered
definitions related to these energy sources.
3. Document the activity by taking photo documentation
IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Primary sources can be used directly as they are found in nature or that can
be captured directly from nature. Primary sources like, hydro, biomass, geothermal,
solar, wind, nuclear, and fossils fuels are the primary sources that can be
found in nature and each primary energy sources has its own set of advantages and
challenges, including variations in availability, environmental impact, and technology
readiness levels.
Converted from primary energy sources, secondary energy sources improve
energy's usability, transportability, and storage capacity. Key categories are heat (from
natural sources or electricity generation), hydrogen (from water or natural gas),
biofuels (from organic materials), gasoline and diesel (from crude oil), and electricity
(from diverse sources). These sources make energy consumption more practical and
efficient by assisting with daily tasks, transportation, and industrial processes.
The transformation and diversification of global energy sources are vividly
illustrated through the existence and operation of some of the world’s most significant
and pioneering power plants. These facilities not only demonstrate the technical
prowess achieved by humanity in harnessing various forms of energy but also
highlight the global shift towards more sustainable and renewable energy sources,
alongside the continued reliance on traditional forms of energy generation. Each of
these plants, distinguished by their scale, technology, and energy source, plays a
crucial role in meeting the world's increasing energy demands, while also addressing
environmental concerns. Here are the examples for primary energy sources
worldwide:
•Hydroelectric- the Three Gorges Dam largest hydroelectric power station located
in China.

3. BATAAN PENINSULA STATE UNIVERSITY
ABUCAY CAMPUS
Bangkal, Abucay 2114 Bataan
PHILIPPINES
Vision
An inclusive and sustainable University recognized for its global
and academic excellence by 2030.
Mission
To develop innovative leaders and empowered communities by
delivering transformative instruction, research, extension, and production
through Change Drivers and responsive policies.
•Biomass -Drax Power Station, one of the largest biomass plants of UK.
•Geothermal - The Geysers largest complex of geothermal power plant in
California, USA
•Solar- Bhadla Solar Park among the largest solar parks located in India
•Wind. -Gansu Wind Farm one of the largest wind farms with a planned capacity
located in , China
•Nuclear - Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant was among the largest output
by Japan
•Tidal -Sihwa Lake Tidal Power Station is largest tidal power installation of South
Korea
While secondary sources energy sample application was: electricity for other used
of technology, hydrogen like fuel cells for transportation, grid energy storage,
uninterruptable power supply, compressed air energy and others. The historical
evolution of energy sources involves a shift from traditional, labor-intensive methods
to industrialized processes. Initially, human and animal muscle power, along with
biomass, dominated. The Industrial Revolution marked a transition to coal, powering
steam engines. In the 20th century, oil and natural gas gained prominence, driven by
technological advancements. Nuclear energy emerged mid-century, while renewables
like hydroelectric and wind power expanded. Today, a global focus on sustainability
is driving a shift towards cleaner sources, including solar and geothermal energy,
reflecting ongoing transformations in the energy landscape.
Energy plays a variety of roles in the Philippines' economic development. In the
past, industries were fueled by fossil fuels like coal and natural gas, which guaranteed
a steady supply of energy. For diversification and environmental sustainability, the
country is nevertheless investing more and more in renewable energy sources, such
as solar and geothermal energy. An important local resource, geothermal energy
improves energy security, lowers pollution, and helps electrify rural areas. Reliability
and affordability in energy supplies are critical for job creation, economic expansion,
and poverty reduction. Diversifying one's energy sources promotes economic
stability, independence, and a decrease in dependency on imports. The transition to
cleaner energy in the environment is in line with the objectives of global sustainability,
which attracts eco-friendly investors to the

4. BATAAN PENINSULA STATE UNIVERSITY
ABUCAY CAMPUS
Bangkal, Abucay 2114 Bataan
PHILIPPINES
Vision
An inclusive and sustainable University recognized for its global
and academic excellence by 2030.
Mission
To develop innovative leaders and empowered communities by
delivering transformative instruction, research, extension, and production
through Change Drivers and responsive policies.
Philippines. Overall, the nation's long-term economic stability and well-being
depend heavily on the balance of its many energy sources.
V. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION and RECOMMENDATION
Summary
The text outlines the significance of primary and secondary energy sources,
highlighting their advantages, challenges, and transformative role in global energy systems. It
provides examples of major power plants worldwide, showcasing diverse energy sources like
hydroelectric, biomass, geothermal, solar, wind, nuclear, and tidal. It also discusses the
historical evolution of energy sources, from traditional methods to modern industrialized
processes, emphasizing the current shift towards cleaner and more sustainable options.
Additionally, it explores the Philippines' energy landscape, focusing on the transition from
fossil fuels to renewables for economic development and environmental sustainability.
.
Conclusion
Primary sources, derived directly from nature, offer diverse advantages and challenges,
necessitating a balanced approach to their utilization. Secondary sources, derived from the
transformation of primary energy, enhance energy usability and efficiency, facilitating daily
tasks and industrial processes.
By highlighting examples of major power plants worldwide, it showcases the versatility and
abundance of energy options, ranging from traditional to modern, and underscores the ongoing
transition towards cleaner and more sustainable alternatives.
The discussion of the Philippines' energy landscape emphasizes the importance of switching
from fossil fuels to renewables for economic growth and environmental resilience. Overall, it
emphasizes the importance of adopting creative energy solutions to fulfill the world's rising
energy demands while protecting the environment for future generations.
VI. APPENDICES (Present here all photo documentation, accumulated supporting
figures and images for each energy sources and others)
VII. REFERENCES (Present here the citation and references related in the activity)