This document provides the qualifications and background of a retired homicide detective. It notes that he worked for the Brockton Police Department from 1995-2010 and is now employed by the Plymouth County Sheriff's Department Crime Lab. It details his experience and training in homicide investigation, interrogation, and crime scene processing. It emphasizes the importance of police integrity, accountability, and impartial enforcement of the law.
Police officers perform a variety of duties including patrolling jurisdictions, responding to emergency calls, investigating crimes, and enforcing laws. The job requires both physical and mental stamina as officers spend much of their time outdoors in a police car or indoors working in a jail. To become an officer requires a high school diploma, some college coursework, physical fitness testing, and graduation from a police academy. While the work can be stressful with long hours, the median salary of over $50,000 fits within the goals of owning a home and vehicles. A related occupation of detective has similar duties but focuses more on investigating criminal cases and gathering evidence.
The document discusses the history and development of higher education programs for police officers. It covers several key events and organizations that promoted higher education for law enforcement, including:
1) Chief August Vollmer's establishment of the first police school at UC Berkeley in the early 1900s, which helped professionalize policing.
2) Federal programs in the 1960s-1970s like LEEP and the Crime Control Act that provided funding to support police officers obtaining college degrees.
3) Recommendations from commissions and reports calling for increased educational requirements for police, with some proposing a bachelor's degree requirement.
4) However, advances in raising requirements were slow, and many police departments were initially resistant to
Police officers have significant discretion in how they enforce the law. This discretion allows officers to consider the totality of circumstances in each situation rather than following rigid guidelines. It enables officers to make judgments about issues like whether to arrest someone or issue a warning. While discretion provides benefits like catering decisions to individuals and preventing overburdening of the courts, it also presents disadvantages if not used appropriately. Overall, properly exercised discretion is a necessity for effective policing.
Mla style term paper excessive use of force by policeCustomEssayOrder
This document discusses excessive use of force by police. It notes that police are legally allowed to use some force but may develop attitudes of being above the law. Reports link police misconduct to pressures of police culture, rigid hierarchies, and lack of accountability. The document also discusses force continuums used to regulate appropriate levels of force, training to help police respond properly, and remedies like ensuring medical care for injured individuals. It concludes that while police have a right to self-defense, excessive force that beats restrained or surrendered suspects is not justified and that changes are needed to police structures to prevent brutality.
Police officers work to maintain law and order, protect the public, prevent and solve crimes using technology. The job requires honesty, integrity, ethics, respect for others, and teamwork. Police officer education includes bachelor's or master's degree programs in law enforcement or criminal justice fields. While the job offers health benefits, it also has disadvantages like long hours and danger, with rising crime rates adding more challenges. Opportunities exist for those interested in helping communities and enforcing the law through crime prevention, investigation, and prosecution. Police can work in various settings and received a salary increase announced by the president.
This document discusses excessive use of force by police. It notes that police are legally allowed to use some force but may develop an attitude of being above the law. Reports link police misconduct to pressures of police culture and rigid hierarchies. The document also discusses force continuum guidelines, remedies for police brutality like medical aid and community relations, and concludes that while police have a right to self-defense, excessive force violates laws and rights and better training is needed to prevent it.
This document discusses several flaws in India's electoral system that allow undue influence of money and power. It notes that candidates often need money to bribe their way onto ballots or resist other candidates, and need power to threaten opponents. It also discusses how lack of money or power can prevent legitimate candidates from participating. The document then outlines several proposed reforms to address these issues, such as restricting candidates with criminal charges, implementing negative voting, increasing spending limits with enforcement, requiring disclosure of assets/finances, and restricting government advertising before elections. The goal of these reforms is to reduce corruption and intimidation in the electoral process.
Mla term paper excessive use of force by policeTitleconnect
The document discusses excessive use of force by police. It notes that while police are allowed to use some force, attitudes of being above the law can develop. Reports link police misconduct to pressures of police culture, rigid hierarchies, and deficient accountability. The document also discusses remedies to police brutality such as immediate medical aid, supplemental officer training, and improving police-community relations to minimize friction and build trust. Overall it argues that while police have a right to self-defense, excessive force that beats or restrains surrendered suspects is not justified and that actions need to be taken to deter police brutality through training, accountability, and community engagement.
Police officers perform a variety of duties including patrolling jurisdictions, responding to emergency calls, investigating crimes, and enforcing laws. The job requires both physical and mental stamina as officers spend much of their time outdoors in a police car or indoors working in a jail. To become an officer requires a high school diploma, some college coursework, physical fitness testing, and graduation from a police academy. While the work can be stressful with long hours, the median salary of over $50,000 fits within the goals of owning a home and vehicles. A related occupation of detective has similar duties but focuses more on investigating criminal cases and gathering evidence.
The document discusses the history and development of higher education programs for police officers. It covers several key events and organizations that promoted higher education for law enforcement, including:
1) Chief August Vollmer's establishment of the first police school at UC Berkeley in the early 1900s, which helped professionalize policing.
2) Federal programs in the 1960s-1970s like LEEP and the Crime Control Act that provided funding to support police officers obtaining college degrees.
3) Recommendations from commissions and reports calling for increased educational requirements for police, with some proposing a bachelor's degree requirement.
4) However, advances in raising requirements were slow, and many police departments were initially resistant to
Police officers have significant discretion in how they enforce the law. This discretion allows officers to consider the totality of circumstances in each situation rather than following rigid guidelines. It enables officers to make judgments about issues like whether to arrest someone or issue a warning. While discretion provides benefits like catering decisions to individuals and preventing overburdening of the courts, it also presents disadvantages if not used appropriately. Overall, properly exercised discretion is a necessity for effective policing.
Mla style term paper excessive use of force by policeCustomEssayOrder
This document discusses excessive use of force by police. It notes that police are legally allowed to use some force but may develop attitudes of being above the law. Reports link police misconduct to pressures of police culture, rigid hierarchies, and lack of accountability. The document also discusses force continuums used to regulate appropriate levels of force, training to help police respond properly, and remedies like ensuring medical care for injured individuals. It concludes that while police have a right to self-defense, excessive force that beats restrained or surrendered suspects is not justified and that changes are needed to police structures to prevent brutality.
Police officers work to maintain law and order, protect the public, prevent and solve crimes using technology. The job requires honesty, integrity, ethics, respect for others, and teamwork. Police officer education includes bachelor's or master's degree programs in law enforcement or criminal justice fields. While the job offers health benefits, it also has disadvantages like long hours and danger, with rising crime rates adding more challenges. Opportunities exist for those interested in helping communities and enforcing the law through crime prevention, investigation, and prosecution. Police can work in various settings and received a salary increase announced by the president.
This document discusses excessive use of force by police. It notes that police are legally allowed to use some force but may develop an attitude of being above the law. Reports link police misconduct to pressures of police culture and rigid hierarchies. The document also discusses force continuum guidelines, remedies for police brutality like medical aid and community relations, and concludes that while police have a right to self-defense, excessive force violates laws and rights and better training is needed to prevent it.
This document discusses several flaws in India's electoral system that allow undue influence of money and power. It notes that candidates often need money to bribe their way onto ballots or resist other candidates, and need power to threaten opponents. It also discusses how lack of money or power can prevent legitimate candidates from participating. The document then outlines several proposed reforms to address these issues, such as restricting candidates with criminal charges, implementing negative voting, increasing spending limits with enforcement, requiring disclosure of assets/finances, and restricting government advertising before elections. The goal of these reforms is to reduce corruption and intimidation in the electoral process.
Mla term paper excessive use of force by policeTitleconnect
The document discusses excessive use of force by police. It notes that while police are allowed to use some force, attitudes of being above the law can develop. Reports link police misconduct to pressures of police culture, rigid hierarchies, and deficient accountability. The document also discusses remedies to police brutality such as immediate medical aid, supplemental officer training, and improving police-community relations to minimize friction and build trust. Overall it argues that while police have a right to self-defense, excessive force that beats or restrains surrendered suspects is not justified and that actions need to be taken to deter police brutality through training, accountability, and community engagement.
The purpose of this chapter is to provide background on policing and discuss the goals and realities of police work. It defines law enforcement agencies and police officers, and notes that police have complex roles that involve enforcing laws, investigating crimes, maintaining order, and providing services to citizens. While often portrayed as crime fighters, police work really involves discretion, ambiguity, and balancing many standards like protecting rights and ensuring safety. The chapter introduces alternatives like problem-oriented, community, and zero-tolerance policing that will be explored in later sections.
Police brutality refers to excessive or unnecessary use of force by police against civilians. Statistics show it is an ongoing problem in the United States that undermines public trust in law enforcement. Potential causes include officers feeling a sense of authority over citizens and a code of silence that prevents misconduct from being reported, while solutions focus on improved training, accountability, and community oversight of police activities.
This document discusses police discretion and how officers must balance enforcing the law with protecting individual rights. It notes that police training does not directly address democratic policing or how the use of force and discretion relate to human rights. The author discusses their experience with domestic violence and how police discretion is sometimes misused in these cases. Officers may be reluctant to arrest prominent community members or blame female victims. The author proposes policies to provide more guidance to officers and better protect witnesses and victims, such as improving referral resources and witness protection programs.
Police Mistreatment and the Effect on SocietyAutumn Moody
This document discusses police mistreatment of minorities in the United States and its effects on society. It notes that incidents of police brutality have led to questioning of police legitimacy and shifting perceptions, causing public safety issues like rising fear of police and psychological problems. Possible solutions proposed include improving police screening, training, and including community input. Statistics show minorities, especially young black men, are much more likely to be killed by police than white people. Experiments suggest those in positions of power can become reckless, and behavior depends more on situation than personality.
The document discusses issues with elections in India such as the large amounts of money and muscle power required to win elections. It proposes several solutions to address these issues, such as requiring voter thumbprint databases to reduce false voting, banning political advertisements before elections, implementing a "none of the above" option, and synchronizing state and national elections. Implementing these solutions would impact elections by reducing candidate expenses, increasing transparency, and curbing the influence of money and muscle power in politics.
The document discusses various mechanisms for holding police accountable, including internal reviews, citizen oversight, lawsuits, and federal investigations. It describes accountability as having to answer for one's conduct to the public, officials, and courts. Various methods are outlined like COMPSTAT, early intervention systems, civilian complaint reviews, pattern or practice suits, and ensuring policies comply with Supreme Court rulings. Both benefits and criticisms of approaches are mentioned.
The document discusses Republic Act No. 8551, which establishes the Philippine National Police under the Department of the Interior and Local Government. Key points:
- The act develops policies and regulations to improve the efficiency of the Philippine police force.
- It gives the Commission responsibility for an annual self-survey to accurately assess crime situations and evaluate police unit effectiveness.
- The act outlines qualifications, duties, and benefits for police personnel to professionalize the force.
- It aims to prevent and reduce crime by recruiting more police officers, including women, and providing legal assistance to officers facing prosecution.
This document discusses different styles of policing, including the watchman style which focuses on order maintenance, the legalistic style which enforces laws strictly, and the service style which aims to meet community needs. It also examines police-community relations and contemporary issues in policing such as stress, use of force, and corruption. Police work involves various types of stress both externally from dangers on the job and internally from organizational pressures and personal relationships. Maintaining integrity amid the potential for corruption from the discretionary powers of police is also discussed.
Police corruption involves criminal or improper behavior by police officers for personal gain. It undermines the criminal justice system and public trust in the police. There are different types of corruption like accepting gratuities, taking bribes, theft, and protecting illegal activities. Corruption can range from a few "rotten apples" to being widespread and organized in a police department. Theories for why it occurs include individual officer explanations, neighborhood factors, and police subculture and organization issues. Controlling corruption requires internal police mechanisms like effective leadership and supervision as well as external oversight like investigations and public scrutiny.
The document discusses the contemporary law enforcement industry in America. It notes that law enforcement is highly fragmented and decentralized, with over 17,000 agencies across four levels of government. It also describes the various types of agencies that make up the industry, including municipal police, county sheriffs, state police, federal agencies, and private security firms. The industry employs over 3 million people between public and private organizations.
The document discusses issues with money and muscle power influencing Indian elections. It proposes solutions like establishing eligibility criteria for candidates, making political parties accountable for fulfilling promises, and giving the election commission more independence and power to monitor candidates and parties. Implementing measures like this could help reduce criminal and corrupt influences on elections and allow citizens to freely choose candidates based on merit rather than external pressures. However, significant political and economic challenges would need to be overcome to establish effective monitoring and enforcement of new rules around election conduct and integrity.
MYANMAR CORRUPTION WATCH COLLECTION SEPTEMBER 2017MYO AUNG Myanmar
MYANMAR CORRUPTION WATCH COLLECTION SEPTEMBER 2017
https://www.irrawaddy.com/in-person/interview/nothing-can-done-well-long-corruption.html
‘Nothing Can be Done Well as Long as There is Corruption’
https://www.forbes.com/sites/tanvigupta/2017/03/13/asias-five-most-corrupt-countries/#4f68b1646a98
http://www.reuters.com/article/us-storm-harvey/stormed-tossed-texans-set-to-return-to-work-as-recovery-picks-up-idUSKCN1BG0G5
Corruption the biggest concern for Myanmar businesses: survey
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruption_in_Myanmar
Corruption in Myanmar
1. The document discusses various issues with the current electoral system in India such as the dominance of money and muscle power in elections, criminalization of politics, exceeding of legal financing limits, and voter intimidation.
2. It proposes several reforms such as using fingerprint-based electronic voting machines to eliminate bogus voting, imposing president's rule before elections to ensure fairness, and establishing a special court to ban criminals from contesting elections.
3. Additional reforms suggested include focusing on the "None of the Above" option, making political parties more accountable for their finances, and conducting more voter awareness campaigns.
This document outlines the racial profiling policy of the Houston Community College Police Department. It defines racial profiling and prohibits officers from engaging in it. It informs readers that they can file a complaint if they believe they were racially profiled, including contact information for the police department. It also summarizes state law requirements for law enforcement agencies to adopt a racial profiling policy, collect data on motor vehicle stops, and submit an annual report to oversight bodies. The purpose of the policy is to ensure unbiased, equitable policing and protect civil rights.
This document discusses police brutality in Papua New Guinea. It defines police brutality and describes types that occur in PNG, such as excessive force and false imprisonment. Causes of police brutality are said to include areas where violence against law enforcement is common and abuse of power. Effects include death, psychological issues, court cases, racial profiling, and media attention. The document proposes both professionalizing the police force and addressing organizational cultures that tolerate excessive force as ways to reduce brutality. It concludes that police brutality erodes citizen dignity and requests drastic measures to address this problem.
Police have significant discretion in carrying out their duties. This discretion involves critical decisions such as making arrests, referring juveniles to court, and using deadly force. While discretion allows police to consider unique aspects of each situation, it can also lead to abuse and inconsistency if not properly controlled. Written policies and oversight seek to structure discretion to promote consistent and fair outcomes, improve public policy, and enhance professionalism in law enforcement. However, rules cannot cover all situations and may sometimes have unintended negative effects if not implemented carefully.
The document outlines various policies and procedures for the Utopia Police Department. It discusses the department's mission to preserve liberty and safety while respecting citizens' rights. Policies address ethical conduct, integrity, use of force, discrimination, sexual harassment, physical security, and personal protection. Officers are expected to serve with courtesy and are prohibited from excessive force or discrimination. Complaints and violations will be investigated and may result in termination.
Clarence F. Birkhead is running for Durham County Sheriff. He has extensive experience as a police chief for Duke University and the Hillsborough Police Department. If elected, he would collaborate with other law enforcement agencies and the city to keep Durham safe. He supports the school resource officer program and using intelligence systems to address gang activity. Birkhead believes all individuals should have access to affordable healthcare.
There are over 17,000 fragmented law enforcement agencies in the US at the local, state, and federal levels. At the federal level, there are less than 100 agencies including civilian agencies like the FBI and specialized agencies that focus on areas like drugs, alcohol, and firearms. Following 9/11, the FBI's priorities were reorganized to focus on terrorism, cybercrime, and partnering with other agencies. State police have jurisdiction over traffic enforcement and investigations while sheriff's departments enforce law and manage jails at the county level. Local police are the most visible and have broad jurisdiction within their cities.
Indian elections are the largest democratic exercise in the world but are plagued by money and muscle power influencing voters. Reforms are needed to curb the influence of money on elections and empower ordinary citizens. Some proposed reforms include restricting cash donations to limit black money, imposing President's rule before elections, allowing negative voting or rejection of candidates, strengthening the Election Commission's powers, educating voters, reducing campaign costs, regulating media coverage, and introducing biometric voting/Aadhaar integration with voting. Tighter screening of candidates, monitoring of campaign finances, and stronger legal punishments are also recommended to improve fairness and integrity in India's electoral system.
Article Submission to the IACP – Police Chief Magazine Submi.docxfestockton
Article Submission to the IACP – Police Chief Magazine
Submitted February 9, 2010
The Untruthful Employee - Is Termination the Only Response?
By: Chief Ronal Serpas and Captain Michael Hagar, Metropolitan Nashville
Police Department, Nashville, TN
Over the last many years law enforcement leaders have come under increasing
pressure to answer the question: “What do I do with a law enforcement employee
who has been proven to be untruthful in the work place?” Many departments
have also been confronted with significant and far reaching court decisions that
play a prominent role in this decision making process, as well as vigorous
debates and lengthy court battles with labor organizations around the issue of
truthfulness expectations in policy and disciplinary actions. Beyond court
decisions and day to day management issues, in recent years the US
Department of Justice has issued far reaching instructions on the conduct of
federal law enforcement cases that may involve local and state police employees
who have a history of being untruthful in the work place. There have been
articles titled, “Disclosing Officer Untruthfulness to the Defense: Is a Liars Squad
Coming to Your Town?”1, “Chief's Counsel: Should Police Officers Who Lie Be
Terminated as a Matter of Public Policy?”2 and similar discussions in this
magazine and others. In light of these critical and evolving issues, a recent
decision from the Tennessee Court of Appeals analyzing the procedures and
practices of the Metropolitan Police of Nashville Davidson County, TN can be
instructive. Without disregarding the import and consequences of Brady v
Maryland3 and Giglio v. United States4, this article proposes that it should be the
public policy of law enforcement agencies that untruthful conduct by a law
enforcement agency employee has a most damaging effect to the day to day
efficient and effective service of policing. Moreover, the use of untruthful
statements to avoid disciplinary action further undermines the efficient and
effective service expected of American police departments. Truthfulness by
employees is not only an issue of witness credibility in a court of law; it is the
fundamental nature of law enforcement service and strikes to the core of our
ability to provide effective and efficient service. As a result, untruthful conduct,
when found, must be met with the most serious of disciplinary action –
termination.
1 Disclosing Officer Untruthfulness to the Defense: Is a Liars Squad Coming to Your Town?,
Police Chief Magazine, November, 2005.
2 Chief's Counsel: Should Police Officers Who Lie Be Terminated as a Matter of Public Policy?,
Police Chief Magazine, April, 2008.
3 Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83 (1963)
4 Giglio v. United States, 405 U.S. 150 (1972)
Serpas and Hagar
Page 1 of 9
http://www.policechiefmagazine.org/magazine/index.cfm?fuseaction=display&article_id=744&issue ...
The purpose of this chapter is to provide background on policing and discuss the goals and realities of police work. It defines law enforcement agencies and police officers, and notes that police have complex roles that involve enforcing laws, investigating crimes, maintaining order, and providing services to citizens. While often portrayed as crime fighters, police work really involves discretion, ambiguity, and balancing many standards like protecting rights and ensuring safety. The chapter introduces alternatives like problem-oriented, community, and zero-tolerance policing that will be explored in later sections.
Police brutality refers to excessive or unnecessary use of force by police against civilians. Statistics show it is an ongoing problem in the United States that undermines public trust in law enforcement. Potential causes include officers feeling a sense of authority over citizens and a code of silence that prevents misconduct from being reported, while solutions focus on improved training, accountability, and community oversight of police activities.
This document discusses police discretion and how officers must balance enforcing the law with protecting individual rights. It notes that police training does not directly address democratic policing or how the use of force and discretion relate to human rights. The author discusses their experience with domestic violence and how police discretion is sometimes misused in these cases. Officers may be reluctant to arrest prominent community members or blame female victims. The author proposes policies to provide more guidance to officers and better protect witnesses and victims, such as improving referral resources and witness protection programs.
Police Mistreatment and the Effect on SocietyAutumn Moody
This document discusses police mistreatment of minorities in the United States and its effects on society. It notes that incidents of police brutality have led to questioning of police legitimacy and shifting perceptions, causing public safety issues like rising fear of police and psychological problems. Possible solutions proposed include improving police screening, training, and including community input. Statistics show minorities, especially young black men, are much more likely to be killed by police than white people. Experiments suggest those in positions of power can become reckless, and behavior depends more on situation than personality.
The document discusses issues with elections in India such as the large amounts of money and muscle power required to win elections. It proposes several solutions to address these issues, such as requiring voter thumbprint databases to reduce false voting, banning political advertisements before elections, implementing a "none of the above" option, and synchronizing state and national elections. Implementing these solutions would impact elections by reducing candidate expenses, increasing transparency, and curbing the influence of money and muscle power in politics.
The document discusses various mechanisms for holding police accountable, including internal reviews, citizen oversight, lawsuits, and federal investigations. It describes accountability as having to answer for one's conduct to the public, officials, and courts. Various methods are outlined like COMPSTAT, early intervention systems, civilian complaint reviews, pattern or practice suits, and ensuring policies comply with Supreme Court rulings. Both benefits and criticisms of approaches are mentioned.
The document discusses Republic Act No. 8551, which establishes the Philippine National Police under the Department of the Interior and Local Government. Key points:
- The act develops policies and regulations to improve the efficiency of the Philippine police force.
- It gives the Commission responsibility for an annual self-survey to accurately assess crime situations and evaluate police unit effectiveness.
- The act outlines qualifications, duties, and benefits for police personnel to professionalize the force.
- It aims to prevent and reduce crime by recruiting more police officers, including women, and providing legal assistance to officers facing prosecution.
This document discusses different styles of policing, including the watchman style which focuses on order maintenance, the legalistic style which enforces laws strictly, and the service style which aims to meet community needs. It also examines police-community relations and contemporary issues in policing such as stress, use of force, and corruption. Police work involves various types of stress both externally from dangers on the job and internally from organizational pressures and personal relationships. Maintaining integrity amid the potential for corruption from the discretionary powers of police is also discussed.
Police corruption involves criminal or improper behavior by police officers for personal gain. It undermines the criminal justice system and public trust in the police. There are different types of corruption like accepting gratuities, taking bribes, theft, and protecting illegal activities. Corruption can range from a few "rotten apples" to being widespread and organized in a police department. Theories for why it occurs include individual officer explanations, neighborhood factors, and police subculture and organization issues. Controlling corruption requires internal police mechanisms like effective leadership and supervision as well as external oversight like investigations and public scrutiny.
The document discusses the contemporary law enforcement industry in America. It notes that law enforcement is highly fragmented and decentralized, with over 17,000 agencies across four levels of government. It also describes the various types of agencies that make up the industry, including municipal police, county sheriffs, state police, federal agencies, and private security firms. The industry employs over 3 million people between public and private organizations.
The document discusses issues with money and muscle power influencing Indian elections. It proposes solutions like establishing eligibility criteria for candidates, making political parties accountable for fulfilling promises, and giving the election commission more independence and power to monitor candidates and parties. Implementing measures like this could help reduce criminal and corrupt influences on elections and allow citizens to freely choose candidates based on merit rather than external pressures. However, significant political and economic challenges would need to be overcome to establish effective monitoring and enforcement of new rules around election conduct and integrity.
MYANMAR CORRUPTION WATCH COLLECTION SEPTEMBER 2017MYO AUNG Myanmar
MYANMAR CORRUPTION WATCH COLLECTION SEPTEMBER 2017
https://www.irrawaddy.com/in-person/interview/nothing-can-done-well-long-corruption.html
‘Nothing Can be Done Well as Long as There is Corruption’
https://www.forbes.com/sites/tanvigupta/2017/03/13/asias-five-most-corrupt-countries/#4f68b1646a98
http://www.reuters.com/article/us-storm-harvey/stormed-tossed-texans-set-to-return-to-work-as-recovery-picks-up-idUSKCN1BG0G5
Corruption the biggest concern for Myanmar businesses: survey
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruption_in_Myanmar
Corruption in Myanmar
1. The document discusses various issues with the current electoral system in India such as the dominance of money and muscle power in elections, criminalization of politics, exceeding of legal financing limits, and voter intimidation.
2. It proposes several reforms such as using fingerprint-based electronic voting machines to eliminate bogus voting, imposing president's rule before elections to ensure fairness, and establishing a special court to ban criminals from contesting elections.
3. Additional reforms suggested include focusing on the "None of the Above" option, making political parties more accountable for their finances, and conducting more voter awareness campaigns.
This document outlines the racial profiling policy of the Houston Community College Police Department. It defines racial profiling and prohibits officers from engaging in it. It informs readers that they can file a complaint if they believe they were racially profiled, including contact information for the police department. It also summarizes state law requirements for law enforcement agencies to adopt a racial profiling policy, collect data on motor vehicle stops, and submit an annual report to oversight bodies. The purpose of the policy is to ensure unbiased, equitable policing and protect civil rights.
This document discusses police brutality in Papua New Guinea. It defines police brutality and describes types that occur in PNG, such as excessive force and false imprisonment. Causes of police brutality are said to include areas where violence against law enforcement is common and abuse of power. Effects include death, psychological issues, court cases, racial profiling, and media attention. The document proposes both professionalizing the police force and addressing organizational cultures that tolerate excessive force as ways to reduce brutality. It concludes that police brutality erodes citizen dignity and requests drastic measures to address this problem.
Police have significant discretion in carrying out their duties. This discretion involves critical decisions such as making arrests, referring juveniles to court, and using deadly force. While discretion allows police to consider unique aspects of each situation, it can also lead to abuse and inconsistency if not properly controlled. Written policies and oversight seek to structure discretion to promote consistent and fair outcomes, improve public policy, and enhance professionalism in law enforcement. However, rules cannot cover all situations and may sometimes have unintended negative effects if not implemented carefully.
The document outlines various policies and procedures for the Utopia Police Department. It discusses the department's mission to preserve liberty and safety while respecting citizens' rights. Policies address ethical conduct, integrity, use of force, discrimination, sexual harassment, physical security, and personal protection. Officers are expected to serve with courtesy and are prohibited from excessive force or discrimination. Complaints and violations will be investigated and may result in termination.
Clarence F. Birkhead is running for Durham County Sheriff. He has extensive experience as a police chief for Duke University and the Hillsborough Police Department. If elected, he would collaborate with other law enforcement agencies and the city to keep Durham safe. He supports the school resource officer program and using intelligence systems to address gang activity. Birkhead believes all individuals should have access to affordable healthcare.
There are over 17,000 fragmented law enforcement agencies in the US at the local, state, and federal levels. At the federal level, there are less than 100 agencies including civilian agencies like the FBI and specialized agencies that focus on areas like drugs, alcohol, and firearms. Following 9/11, the FBI's priorities were reorganized to focus on terrorism, cybercrime, and partnering with other agencies. State police have jurisdiction over traffic enforcement and investigations while sheriff's departments enforce law and manage jails at the county level. Local police are the most visible and have broad jurisdiction within their cities.
Indian elections are the largest democratic exercise in the world but are plagued by money and muscle power influencing voters. Reforms are needed to curb the influence of money on elections and empower ordinary citizens. Some proposed reforms include restricting cash donations to limit black money, imposing President's rule before elections, allowing negative voting or rejection of candidates, strengthening the Election Commission's powers, educating voters, reducing campaign costs, regulating media coverage, and introducing biometric voting/Aadhaar integration with voting. Tighter screening of candidates, monitoring of campaign finances, and stronger legal punishments are also recommended to improve fairness and integrity in India's electoral system.
Article Submission to the IACP – Police Chief Magazine Submi.docxfestockton
Article Submission to the IACP – Police Chief Magazine
Submitted February 9, 2010
The Untruthful Employee - Is Termination the Only Response?
By: Chief Ronal Serpas and Captain Michael Hagar, Metropolitan Nashville
Police Department, Nashville, TN
Over the last many years law enforcement leaders have come under increasing
pressure to answer the question: “What do I do with a law enforcement employee
who has been proven to be untruthful in the work place?” Many departments
have also been confronted with significant and far reaching court decisions that
play a prominent role in this decision making process, as well as vigorous
debates and lengthy court battles with labor organizations around the issue of
truthfulness expectations in policy and disciplinary actions. Beyond court
decisions and day to day management issues, in recent years the US
Department of Justice has issued far reaching instructions on the conduct of
federal law enforcement cases that may involve local and state police employees
who have a history of being untruthful in the work place. There have been
articles titled, “Disclosing Officer Untruthfulness to the Defense: Is a Liars Squad
Coming to Your Town?”1, “Chief's Counsel: Should Police Officers Who Lie Be
Terminated as a Matter of Public Policy?”2 and similar discussions in this
magazine and others. In light of these critical and evolving issues, a recent
decision from the Tennessee Court of Appeals analyzing the procedures and
practices of the Metropolitan Police of Nashville Davidson County, TN can be
instructive. Without disregarding the import and consequences of Brady v
Maryland3 and Giglio v. United States4, this article proposes that it should be the
public policy of law enforcement agencies that untruthful conduct by a law
enforcement agency employee has a most damaging effect to the day to day
efficient and effective service of policing. Moreover, the use of untruthful
statements to avoid disciplinary action further undermines the efficient and
effective service expected of American police departments. Truthfulness by
employees is not only an issue of witness credibility in a court of law; it is the
fundamental nature of law enforcement service and strikes to the core of our
ability to provide effective and efficient service. As a result, untruthful conduct,
when found, must be met with the most serious of disciplinary action –
termination.
1 Disclosing Officer Untruthfulness to the Defense: Is a Liars Squad Coming to Your Town?,
Police Chief Magazine, November, 2005.
2 Chief's Counsel: Should Police Officers Who Lie Be Terminated as a Matter of Public Policy?,
Police Chief Magazine, April, 2008.
3 Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83 (1963)
4 Giglio v. United States, 405 U.S. 150 (1972)
Serpas and Hagar
Page 1 of 9
http://www.policechiefmagazine.org/magazine/index.cfm?fuseaction=display&article_id=744&issue ...
Article Submission to the IACP – Police Chief Magazine Submi.docxrossskuddershamus
Article Submission to the IACP – Police Chief Magazine
Submitted February 9, 2010
The Untruthful Employee - Is Termination the Only Response?
By: Chief Ronal Serpas and Captain Michael Hagar, Metropolitan Nashville
Police Department, Nashville, TN
Over the last many years law enforcement leaders have come under increasing
pressure to answer the question: “What do I do with a law enforcement employee
who has been proven to be untruthful in the work place?” Many departments
have also been confronted with significant and far reaching court decisions that
play a prominent role in this decision making process, as well as vigorous
debates and lengthy court battles with labor organizations around the issue of
truthfulness expectations in policy and disciplinary actions. Beyond court
decisions and day to day management issues, in recent years the US
Department of Justice has issued far reaching instructions on the conduct of
federal law enforcement cases that may involve local and state police employees
who have a history of being untruthful in the work place. There have been
articles titled, “Disclosing Officer Untruthfulness to the Defense: Is a Liars Squad
Coming to Your Town?”1, “Chief's Counsel: Should Police Officers Who Lie Be
Terminated as a Matter of Public Policy?”2 and similar discussions in this
magazine and others. In light of these critical and evolving issues, a recent
decision from the Tennessee Court of Appeals analyzing the procedures and
practices of the Metropolitan Police of Nashville Davidson County, TN can be
instructive. Without disregarding the import and consequences of Brady v
Maryland3 and Giglio v. United States4, this article proposes that it should be the
public policy of law enforcement agencies that untruthful conduct by a law
enforcement agency employee has a most damaging effect to the day to day
efficient and effective service of policing. Moreover, the use of untruthful
statements to avoid disciplinary action further undermines the efficient and
effective service expected of American police departments. Truthfulness by
employees is not only an issue of witness credibility in a court of law; it is the
fundamental nature of law enforcement service and strikes to the core of our
ability to provide effective and efficient service. As a result, untruthful conduct,
when found, must be met with the most serious of disciplinary action –
termination.
1 Disclosing Officer Untruthfulness to the Defense: Is a Liars Squad Coming to Your Town?,
Police Chief Magazine, November, 2005.
2 Chief's Counsel: Should Police Officers Who Lie Be Terminated as a Matter of Public Policy?,
Police Chief Magazine, April, 2008.
3 Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83 (1963)
4 Giglio v. United States, 405 U.S. 150 (1972)
Serpas and Hagar
Page 1 of 9
http://www.policechiefmagazine.org/magazine/index.cfm?fuseaction=display&article_id=744&issue.
The document discusses the role of police in protecting human rights. It notes that while police are meant to protect citizens, there are often human rights violations by police in India due to issues with their selection, training, and pressures from politicians. This erodes public trust in police. However, respecting human rights can help police gain cooperation, build legal cases, and prevent crime through proactive policing. The document calls for improving police investigative skills and training to strengthen their ability to uphold human rights.
Legitimacy and Procedural Justice A New El.docxsmile790243
Legitimacy and Procedural Justice:
A New Element of Police Leadership
A Report by the Police Executive Research Forum (PERF)
March 2014
Edited by Craig Fischer
U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Assistance
This project was supported by Grant No. 2009-DB-BX-K030 awarded by the Bureau of Justice
Assistance. The Bureau of Justice Assistance is a component of the Office of Justice Programs,
which also includes the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the National Institute of Justice, the Office
of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, the SMART Office, and the Office for Victims
of Crime. Points of view or opinions in this document are those of the author and do not
represent the official position or policies of the United States Department of Justice or of
individual members of the Police Executive Research Forum.
1
INTRODUCTION
The job of leading a local law enforcement agency has always been a complex one,
requiring skills in mastering complex policy issues, developing organizational structures and
systems, managing employees, and addressing the various and sometimes conflicting
expectations of the community, political leaders, agency employees, and the news media.
1
Many experienced police chiefs are saying that the 21
st
Century has brought a trend
toward even greater complexity in their jobs. New types of technology are revolutionizing how
police departments operate, and often the challenge is to make sound decisions about how to
integrate multiple forms of technology. The widespread adoption of community policing has
resulted in community members having higher expectations of accountability and efficiency in
their police departments. National and international economic conditions have strained local
police budgets. The workforce is changing in ways that affect police recruiting and retention.
These are just a few of the challenges that must be understood and constructively managed by
today’s chief executives in policing.
In fact, perhaps the greatest job qualification for today’s police executives is the ability
to recognize and respond to the swiftly changing issues and opportunities facing them. Police
chiefs often speak of their role as being “agents of change.” Never before has managing change
been a larger element of their jobs.
Today’s police departments appear to be succeeding, at least by the measure of crime
rates. Violent crime rates nationwide are half what they were two decades ago, and many
1
Leadership Matters: Police Chiefs Talk About Their Careers. Police Executive Research Forum, 2009.
2
jurisdictions are experiencing record low crime rates not seen since the 1960s. In addition, there
are indications that a variety of types of wrongful police behaviors, ranging from corruption to
unlawful shootings, are at lower levels ...
THE IMPORTANCE OF POLICE TRAINING AND IT'S AFFECT ON COMMUNITIESMichael Daniels
The document discusses the importance of police training and its effect on communities. It argues that police training is underfunded in many states like Massachusetts, with less money spent per officer on training compared to other states. Less training can negatively impact police interactions with the public and their ability to de-escalate situations, particularly in dealing with mentally ill individuals. The document also examines studies that found officers with more education were less likely to use force and that training may help reduce racial biases. Overall, the document advocates for increased funding and support for police training to improve police services and community relations.
1#1 Key Concepts in Building Law Enforcement Legitimac.docxkarisariddell
1
#1: Key Concepts in Building Law Enforcement Legitimacy
Law enforcement legitimacy is very important for both the agencies and the communities they serve and protect. There must be public trust and confidence in the police for their overall mission and objectives to be attained. There must also be a sense of obligation and responsibility by the citizenry to accept police authority. For legitimacy to exist, a belief that police actions are morally justified and appropriate to the circumstances should be shared by the public. The Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority (ICJIA) is just one organization in the U.S. that promotes the notion that when police are perceived to be procedurally just in their actions, public recognition of police legitimacy improved along with the ability of police to carry out their responsibilities effectively (http://www.icjia.state.il.us/articles/procedural-justice-in-policing-how-the-process-of-justice-impacts-public-attitudes-and-law-enforcement-outcomes).
#2: Prevailing Opinions of the Legitimacy of Law Enforcement in the U.S.
Many general opinions on the legitimacy of law enforcement may be formed by the perception of police behavior being lawful vs. procedurally just. The general public have a limited understanding of the law as it pertains to statutes and the Constitution, but most people have a strong understanding of behavior that is considered procedurally just and unjust. In other words, an officer’s behavior may be within the legal scope of authority but completely wrong as being procedurally just. Officer behavior during traffic stops, searches, attitudes, verbal commands and overall interpersonal exchanges with the public all contribute to the public opinion of legitimacy in law enforcement (http://www.cops.usdoj.gov/RIC/publications/cops-p241-pub). Prevailing opinions among member of communities of color tend to be more negative toward legitimacy of law enforcement because of issues pertaining to racial profiling, higher arrest rates, mistreatment and over enforcement, in comparison to predominantly white communities.
#3: The Impact of Racial Profiling and Disproportionate Contact with Ethnic Groups
Both racial profiling and disproportionate contact with certain racial groups undermine legitimacy because it destroys trust between law enforcement and those respective racial groups. It erodes the belief that police actions are morally justified and should be supported and adhered to. Racial profiling also undermines the effectiveness of law enforcement by having the opposite affect on the goal of detecting and reducing crime. Policing efforts focused on race allows other important factors to go undetected when seeking to detect and reduce crime. If minority groups have lower hit rates compared to whites, an entire swath of criminal activity goes undetected to the detriment of the community. Additionally, the use of statistical discrimination have further advanced the not.
This document discusses an informal complaint filed with a police department following an adverse interaction. An informal complaint is less formal than a formal complaint. It typically involves speaking with a supervisor to express concerns. The goal is to resolve issues respectfully and improve police-community relations, rather than punish officers. The complainant explained the issue to a sergeant, who took notes and said it would be addressed internally to ensure similar issues do not occur again in the future.
Law Enforcement Code of Ethics International Association of Chief.docxDIPESH30
The document outlines the International Association of Chiefs of Police code of ethics for law enforcement officers. It details that officers must be aware of and strive towards the highest ethical standards of professional policing. The code provides guidance on an officer's primary responsibilities to serve the community impartially and protect rights. It also gives direction on using force reasonably, keeping information confidential, maintaining integrity, cooperating with other agencies, and behaving in a manner that maintains public respect.
Runnin head: POLICE AND CRIME 1
POLICE AND CRIME 2
Police And Crime: Rough Draft
William Hodge
English 122
Jennifer Chagala
Police should be effective when it comes to their work. There is the need for police officers to achieve their proper and officially sanctioned goals, such as when it comes to things relating to crime and maintaining law and order. Police officers are more than the crime fighters. They are conflict manager traffic controllers, and service providers among other things. Most people perceive these people to be only crime fighters, but this partially part of their work (Niederhoffer, 1967). There is more to policing than only to fight evil. Fighting crime is just partial work of real policing. Real policing is much more. The role is inescapably complex. This paper explains how the members of the public shall enjoy the police service and high quality security provision if they understand the various services, departments and activities that police officers must practice in the areas of their jurisdiction. Enjoying police services are possible through effective strategies the police and other security departments will implement to improve the level of security.
Below are some strategies that will make police effective; hence making it possible for the public to enjoy the services they are providing:
Police training
Police training plays a significant role in helping to ensure effectiveness of policing and attainment of the desired goals. Moreover, through training, police officers are equipped to serve and protect the public. This is through gaining knowledge and skills that are needed to serve the public in a better way. There are shortfall in conduct that has been determined in some police officers. This shortfall in the conduct can be addressed through training officers. The fear that persists when it comes to policing can also be done away with through training.
Criminal activities and ensure security
There are different types of criminal activities that people engage in. Among the criminal activities are theft property theft, identity theft, assault (physical assault, sexual assault), murder, burglary, receipt of stolen goods, false pretense, forgery, and arson among others. This list of criminal activities is very long. Police officers have to ensure those caught in the act of carrying out these activities as well as those suspected are caught and brought to justice or punished. This will help to bring in the element of deterrence in other people.
Police and disaster
Natural and man-made disasters usually occur and result in many loses among people. Disasters are now frequent and their severities have increased. Police officers are called upon most times to help deal with these disasters (Ostrom, Parks, Whita ...
Interview with Investigator Sean De La Rosa from the Mission Poli.docxnormanibarber20063
Interview with: Investigator Sean De La Rosa from the Mission Police Department.
Why are ethics and character so important in the field of law enforcement?
As Peace Officers, we have taken an oath to uphold the law and serve the public. That being said, it is still a people’s business and discretion can play a part in the performance of duties. For example, two scenarios of a vehicle pulled over for speeding. One scenario is an 18 year old driving daddy’s BMW and blew 15 mph over because he’s “just cruising” with a mouthy attitude. Most Officers will usually give a traffic citation since he’s able to afford the citation. In the second scenario, it’s a single mother of 5 children that is doing 15 mph over because she needs to rush home to greet her children getting home by school bus and she needs to get dinner started. This second scenario is where most officers will get categorized as “Letter of the Law” and “Spirit of the Law”. Officers that see justice as totally blind will say that she was speeding regardless of her reason so she is getting the citation. Officers that see the total circumstance may issue a warning depending there are no other issues during the encounter such as no driver license or outstanding warrants.
Ethics comes into play because these decisions, especially in smaller cities, give the police department as a whole a reputation of either community oriented or aggressive. This plays a part with the police department being able to solve crimes because if the department is viewed as aggressive, nobody will come forward and give information on criminals or illegal activity that occurred within the city so many cases remain unsolved or prosecuted due to lack of witness or victim's willing to come forward. If the Police Department is more viewed as community oriented, civilians are more willing to come forward and give the information needed to solve crimes and even prevent crimes. Also, the Police Department has to be viewed as ethical such as no perception of attitude arrests, applying force as necessary and helpful with victims during and after encounters as well. Without this trust, the bond between the public and the police department will be damaged and will cause the department to do the reversal of the above mentioned perceptions and the public will react accordingly thus why Ethics is important.
The Character of the individual Officer is formed by their upbringing, culture beliefs, the camaraderie between themselves and the rest of officers they work with. It is usually said that no matter what you do in life, all you have is your name; it is up to you on how your name will be remembered. Some officers are short fused and are always complained on because they just lash out verbally at civilians when the civilian only asked a simple question. Some officers are able to calm down violent or aggressive civilians with verbal judo, there’s a caveat that not all situations can be resolved with de-escalation through ve.
Law Enforcement Intelligence Unit (LEIU)Melissa Moore
Here are a few key points about using intelligence-led policing and community policing together for counter-terrorism efforts:
- Developing strong relationships and trust with Muslim/Islamic communities through community policing helps facilitate intelligence gathering. Communities are more likely to share information with police they have an existing rapport with.
- Gathering cultural and religious intelligence about Islamic communities helps police understand community dynamics, potential tensions, and ideological differences that could relate to radicalization. This type of intelligence is best obtained through community engagement.
- Combining intelligence gathering with community policing allows police to identify potential threats while also building community partnerships and preventing alienation/radicalization. A balanced approach is important.
- Geographic and
Running Head: POLICE ETHICS 1
POLICE ETHICS 4
Police Ethics
STUDENT
CLASS
DATE
Professor
:
ABSTRACT
Police officers play the role of maintaining law and order. This entails ensuring the safety of the society without compromising the nobility of the department. The administrator needs to exercise honesty, integrity and fair treatment to all its citizens. This is termed as ethical behavior in their jobs.
Safety is among the functions of the department. The execution of this service should ensure the public is not put at any risk. The use of force may harm the public. For that reason, police ought to be diligent on how they apprehend criminals. The principles of proportionality, minimization and practicability are addressed within with an emphasis on public support and security.
The police recruitment process is in place to allow the trainers to assess the character of the recruits. To uphold the nobility of the department, honest and diligent recruits get posted to various regions of the country. The ill-behaved cops may be punished by losing their jobs or automatic suspensions.
The adherence to legal procedures and law sections should be the driving principle for the cops. This will eradicate the chances of conflicting demands. Conflicting claims exist when the cops have a personal interest and may conceal evidence.
The department should appreciate the community role in security. The community provides information on crime hot spots. This aids in narrowing down on investigation areas making their job efficient. This may also eradicate the norm of the public fearing the cops. Such fear chokes the flow of information hindering efficiency of the police force.
Officers need to exercise discrete decision making to ensure fair treatment of crimes. Separate decision-making allows law enforcers to make precise verdicts with no partiality.
In conclusion, this paper seeks to identify and illustrate police ethics in correlation to their roles in the society. Some of the factors prohibiting their effectiveness are discussed within.
Integrity in private life
A police office should practice to abide by the laws of the state. The principle purpose for this is to ensure transparency in case of any scrutiny. Also to this, the law administration should be an example demonstrating how the society should live. It would be difficult and uncouth if police officers were found in compromising situations. The officers need not abuse any powers handed to them by the state.
According to Barker, the social status of the police in the society plays a vital role. Police officers have a master status. That state cuts across all other social positions in the society. The college student, parent, manager, security guard all relate with the officer. Therefore, there is a need to ensure the boys in blue maintain the code of conduct. Their master status gets to identify them from any other person in the community. The police officer ne.
This document is a research proposal on police brutality and the dangers faced by police. It includes an introduction, literature review, methodology, and analysis sections. The introduction provides definitions of police brutality and discusses its forms and cases in Pakistan. The literature review examines previous research on the structure of policing in Pakistan and perspectives on police brutality. The methodology section describes the qualitative nature of the study and data collection using interviews. The analysis presents the results of a questionnaire given to university students on topics related to police brutality and safety.
This document provides an introduction and overview for Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs) on their responsibilities and obligations relating to equality, diversity, and human rights in their role. It discusses the legal framework under the Equality Act 2010 that PCCs must have regard for in carrying out their functions. The document also identifies key policing activities that PCCs may want to focus on to ensure consistent good practice across areas relating to equality. It aims to help PCCs understand and meet their duties to eliminate discrimination and advance equality in policing.
Similar to MICHAEL BROWN EVIDENCE OPINION State of Missouri vs. Darren Wilson (15)
1500-1866 slave ship name and owner(s). Over 90,000 voyages from AfricaKen Williams
O documento lista o nome de navios e seus proprietários em diferentes anos entre 1816 e 1823. Fornece informações sobre mais de 250 viagens realizadas por embarcações com seus respectivos donos.
Marshall v. BOA USC civil action -- Gen Sherman (1865) Land relief on behalf ...Ken Williams
Marshall (2010) sought land relief on behalf African descendants never received 40 acres of land by Sherman's Special Field Order No. 15 (1865). The court dismissed Marshall's civil action. It opined in (1865) the Order wasn't a contract by Congress. 14th Amend "African-American" citizenship was passed by Congress in 1868. In 1862, whites were granted land welfare when Lincoln signed landmark legislation called The Homestead Act. The act allowed any white age 21 or older to claim a 160 acre parcel of land in the public domain upon little more than an $18 filing fee.
Collected Works Abraham Lincoln (1862) ACS Colonization Plan to South AmericaKen Williams
Lincoln met with a committee of black leaders to discuss the potential for colonization in Central America as a way to address racial inequities and the challenges black Americans faced in the U.S. He believed blacks suffered under slavery and continued to face disadvantages even as freedmen. Lincoln saw colonization as a way to start fresh and provide opportunities for employment and equality denied to them in America. He was interested in gauging interest among black leaders and communities in voluntarily colonizing a region of Central America that had natural resources like coal to enable self-sufficiency.
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This document summarizes Abraham Lincoln's Address on Colonization to a Deputation of Negroes in August 1862. It discusses how Lincoln met with a committee of Negroes led by Edward M. Thomas to explain his views on colonization. Thomas later said the group would need to discuss the proposal with leaders in Philadelphia, New York, and Boston. However, Negroes in Washington D.C. protested the colonization plan at a church meeting. Plans were made in August to send Senator Samuel Pomeroy with 500 Negro colonists to a site in Central America, but this project was later abandoned due to protests from neighboring countries.
2009 Brockton Police Sworn Civil Service transcript admissionsKen Williams
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
"Bigots with Badges" as my good friend Matthew Fogg, Chief Deputy from the U.S. Marshals Service (USMS)
with 32 years of outstanding public service would say, is certainly "a person who is intolerant toward those holding different opinions". Here is a transcript that has material facts concerning racial animus in custom, practice and policy which violates Title VI by white policemen.
This document is a complaint filed by Ken Williams against the City of Brockton and several police officers. It summarizes that Williams, a former Brockton police officer, advised Jose Semedo, an African American man, to file a complaint after Semedo told Williams he had been arrested without cause by Officer Lon Elliot. Elliot allegedly called Semedo racially charged names and mocked him with gestures. Williams believed Semedo's civil rights were violated. The complaint alleges that after Williams helped Semedo, he faced retaliation from police supervisors. The complaint seeks damages for discrimination and violation of Williams' constitutional rights.
United States (Ken Williams) v. City of BrocktonKen Williams
The document appears to be a legal case filing spanning 47 pages. It includes a case number, date, and repeated page headers but no other contextual information. Therefore, it is not possible to determine the essential high-level information or summarize the content in 3 sentences or less given the lack of substantive text.
This document discusses Terry v. Ohio, a landmark 1968 Supreme Court ruling that upheld the power of police to "stop and frisk" individuals. While the ruling was intended to check police discretion, the author argues it has failed to curb arbitrary searches and "frisks", especially of black men. The summary provides examples from recent news reports detailing instances where black men continue to be subjected to stops, questioning, and searches by police without reasonable suspicion. The author contends Terry's legacy has paradoxically given police powers that disproportionately impact the black community, despite being issued by the liberal Warren Court that did much to promote civil rights.
Synopsis On Annual General Meeting/Extra Ordinary General Meeting With Ordinary And Special Businesses And Ordinary And Special Resolutions with Companies (Postal Ballot) Regulations, 2018
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against which they can evaluate those classes of AI applications that are probably the most relevant for them.
This document briefly explains the June compliance calendar 2024 with income tax returns, PF, ESI, and important due dates, forms to be filled out, periods, and who should file them?.
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Sangyun Lee, 'Why Korea's Merger Control Occasionally Fails: A Public Choice ...Sangyun Lee
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The legal profession, which has historically been male-dominated, has experienced a significant increase in the number of women entering the field over the past few decades. Despite this progress, women lawyers continue to encounter various challenges as they strive for top positions.
MICHAEL BROWN EVIDENCE OPINION State of Missouri vs. Darren Wilson
1. 1 | P a g e
MICHAEL BROWN EVIDENCE OPINION
State of Missouri vs. Darren Wilson
Southern Christian Leadership Conference & Partners
Ethics Project
INTRODUCTION
At the foundation of our civil liberties lies the principle that denies to government
officials an exceptional position before the law and which subjects them to the same
rules of conduct that are commands to the citizens.
~~ Justice Louis D. Brandeis
I. OVERVIEW
A. QUALIFICATIONS.
1. I am a retired homicide detective with the City of Brockton and Brockton Police
Department [1995-10]. I am currently employed by the State of Massachusetts - Plymouth
County Sheriff’s Department Crime Lab, where I perform specialized duties such as a Questioned
Document Examiner, Video Forensics Technician, and I also process Crime Scene evidence
submitted to the Crime Lab for latent print development by twenty-three police agencies and the
Department of Corrections. These agencies are all within the jurisdiction of Plymouth County
[2011-14]. The City of Brockton is nearly four times the population of Ferguson with 93,000
residents and is the seventh largest city in Massachusetts. Brockton is sometimes referred to as
the “City of Champions” due to the success of native boxers Rocky Marciano and Marvin Hagler.
In 1995, I was hired under the federally funded COPS program. M.G.L. c. 41, § 96B requires that
“every person who receives an appointment to a police position, on a full-time basis in which he
will exercise police powers in the police department of any city or town, shall prior to exercising
police powers, be assigned to and satisfactorily complete a prescribed course of study approved
by the Municipal Police Training Committee [MPTC].” Per 550 CMR 3.03, this course of study
2. 2 | P a g e
is a full-time recruit academy operated or approved by the MPTC.1
I successfully completed
recruit training [1995-96] and was assigned duties of patrolman [1996-98]. I earned advancement
over others to detective [1998] because as a patrolman I solved crimes, I didn’t break rules or
policy to solve them, and I interacted very well with all citizens in the community. Police officers
must conduct their duties pursuant to a grant of limited authority from the community. Therefore,
officers must understand the laws defining the scope of their enforcement powers and authority as
granted. Concerned citizens are always watching and this is very important to insure integrity is
maintained. Every sworn member in law enforcement takes an oath to protect & serve. That
means sworn and certified officers understand they cannot exceed their authority, must respect all
citizens, are required to maintain personal integrity, be honest, have decency and maintain a
strong sense of virtue on and off-duty. The ends in police work can’t justify the means; else
corrupt acts will infiltrate the work of a police officer. A majority of citizens in their lifetime
support police individuals and the institution in the form of taxes, grants and other federal and
state subsidies. It is therefore important police administrators do not have discriminatory policies
or practices. Police officers protect & serve the public and it is imperative that whenever a
member harms the integrity and reputation of the majority of good cops that those good cops
work within the four corners of the law to have that immoral member removed from the rank and
file. When individuals disobey the law they ultimately harm the reputation of the entire police
organization and citizen trust is ultimately violated. The minority who of police officers who are
protected by the majority in law enforcement after egregiousness is discovered that harmed
citizen rights to life, liberty, property, privacy or unreasonable government intrusion are viewed
by the public as protecting criminal acts. Police officers aren’t above the law. The laws apply to
every citizen and anyone who commits a criminal offense must be equally subjected to
punishment under law to maintain trust or protecting lawlessness only harms the public’s faith in
the integrity of the criminal justice system and the veracity of individual officers. Community
cooperation with the police is a byproduct of transparency, communication, accountability, trust
and integrity of leadership that officers will act honestly, professionally and with impartiality. A
police officer is the public's initial contact with the criminal justice system and it is extremely
1
Police Recruit Training Requirements per Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
http://www.mass.gov/eopss/docs/mptc/general-advisory-memo-re-training-requirements-for-police-officers.pdf
3. 3 | P a g e
important that citizens on patrol (“COPS”) act in a manner that instills such trust.2
These ethical
standards of conduct I understood and followed while I performed my duties as a cop. I expect
others to do similar. I am experienced, knowledgeable and very reasonable in how I conducted
my investigations as a member of law enforcement. Problem-solving for the betterment of all
citizens is similar to the mission statement the Ferguson Police Department Code of Conduct and
776 pages of General Orders:
Recognized for my performance as a patrolman and professionalism to the community, I earned
advancement to the position of Generalist Detective [1997-10]. I performed my duties and
applied the law impartially and without prejudice and never received a complaint against me for
being discriminatory. Completing my Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice, with Honors was
important for me to maintain a level of professionalism in the field of law enforcement. My
advanced degree grants me the ability to teach judges and jurors why my interpretation of
physical evidence is material. Each year I complete legal, forensic and other professional
learning unit credits to maintain competency. In every police organization veteran officers train
recruits, patrolman, and other less knowledgeable policeman about policy, customs, and agency
2
FDLE- Law Enforcement Officer Standards of Conduct
http://www.fdle.state.fl.us/content/cjst/menu/officer-requirements-main-page/le-ethical-standards-of-
conduct.aspx
4. 4 | P a g e
culture; as such it is important for good information to be disseminated but unfortunately that
doesn’t always occur. Police officers make many contacts with citizens throughout their careers
and it is extremely important that officers become and maintain knowledge about law, criminal
procedure, ordinances, policy, and not disseminate misinformation to the general public. When
misinformation is disseminated to the public it reflects poorly on the cop and the organization.
The unfortunate reality, which is true in every occupation, is that a percentage of cops employed
in law enforcement are corrupt and they harm the reputation of the police institution as a whole
because little is done to remove unfit police officers.3
Police agencies, leadership and cops are
responsible for policing complaints of misconduct. Too often the interpretation of data regarding
police misconduct is mishandled which leads to a cop who otherwise should be removed from
police service remains on-duty to abuse the rights of another citizen. This harms the police
institution and integrity of every insider because citizens do not see police officers holding
citizens in uniform accountable. As a homicide investigator and crime scene investigator I
received specialized training regarding investigative techniques. That means I know how to
manager case information to ensure that investigations are investigated thoroughly and I have
experience that a maximum of resources are utilized to solve every crime. Cops are citizens and
when they violate the law or rights they should be treated the same as any other person who
violates that law; a full investigation to decide administrative and criminal punishment should be
conducted. A homicide & crime scene investigator position in the City of Brockton is coveted.
My duties as the Lead investigator involved responding to crime scenes, examining, evaluating,
assigning others, experiencing after death investigations and virtually every other type of case
including street crime, domestic crime, which required the application of law enforcement
investigative procedures, collection and preservation of evidence. I achieved a 95% clearance
rate; consecutively, the highest percentage year over year in my division as investigator while
employed in Brockton. During my career I also became an interrogation specialist often asked to
perform witness interviews and suspect interrogations. Assignments included reviewing patrol
level incident reports, conducting follow-up investigations, assisting patrol prepare criminal
reports. I completed eighty-hours of full-time specialized training at the Massachusetts State
Police Academy for Homicide Investigation [1997], and I also completed eighty-hours of
3
CATO Institute. Police misconduct reports 2009.
http://www.policemisconduct.net/2009-npmsrp-semi-annual-police-misconduct-statistics-report-updated/
5. 5 | P a g e
specialized training offered by the United States Drug Enforcement Administration (“DEA”)
[1997]. My resume is attached – (see Exhibit I). Some of my investigations involved policemen
being arrested, my assisting a citizen with filing a complaint against a policeman for violating his
rights and the Constitution. I have testified at administrative hearing proceedings against officers;
one of which resulted in the termination of employment of the officer. I have conducted my own
investigations after internal affairs agents have exonerated officers of wrongdoing to discover a
scandalous cover up. I have also been deposed and answered questions asked by plaintiff and
defendants attorneys. The civil and criminal proceedings, I know, are different based on these
experiences. The Constitution guarantees the accused due process and equal protection under the
laws criminally, and the right to have legal counsel present when suspects meet a threshold two-
prong test (custody & interrogation) in Massachusetts; triggering Miranda in that jurisdiction. I
know all too well that some police officers, deliberately, violate citizen rights and in their reports
omit this fact. I have a vast amount of experienced as a patrolman, homicide investigator and
crime scene investigator. I responded to several hundred crimes scenes, arrested and/or filed
criminal complaints in courts of law based on probable cause against hundreds of citizens who
violated the law.4
I became knowledgeable of evidence collection, learned the importance of
canvassing crime scenes, conducted hundreds of witness & suspect interviews, demonstrated
good report writing & record keeping, multi-tasked, testified to my opinions based on
investigative discovery, prepared arrest warrants, wrote probable cause affidavits, and prepared
and executed search warrants. Police officers serve citizens. I learned early-on in my career that
to be the best police officer, meant I needed to respect citizens and in return they would partner
with me to problem-solve. I compared this to what I observed other officers employing which
were tactics that did not promote a spirit of trust maybe based on how they communicated with
citizens, treated them during an arrest or how they would use a broad brush to paint all citizens in
a neighborhood as potential suspects instead of realizing a majority of the impoverished are
actually decent people who are poor law abiding citizens coping with a small percentage of
citizens committing criminal acts. I also understand that if I did nothing if I witnessed a crime that
meant I violated my Law Enforcement Oath of Honor; and a requirement that I act. It is preached
inside Law Enforcement that one of the more detrimental consequences of unethical behavior is
4
Rashidi Smith shoots teenager Ken Williams arrest.
http://masscops.com/threads/cops-teen-killed-boy.31806/
6. 6 | P a g e
the subjecting of an agency to civil litigation. Litigation now comes in many forms: excessive use
of force, racial discrimination, sexual discrimination, age discrimination, religious discrimination
and sexual harassment suits. Violations of civil rights under Titles 18 and 42 are becoming too
commonplace. Defending against such allegations both drains an organization financially and has
a long-term reputation effect—in many cases, stigmatizing the agency forever.5
Whether in public
streets or a courtroom police officers who lie, violate rights and break laws quickly lose
credibility and they harm the reputations of others they work alongside who knew or should have
known but decided to be idle and do nothing; a sin of omission. Under State law, police
supervisors may have direct liability to the public due to the act of a subordinate when the
supervisor authorized, participated in, directed, or ratified the act, or was present at the time the
act was committed and could have prevented it but failed to do so. Vicarious liability involves
indirect responsibility for what subordinates do due to negligence in training, hiring, assignment,
supervision, direction, entrustment, and retention. Police supervisors may also incur liability
under State law for actions affecting subordinates. Direct liability is usually associated either with
the causes for which an employee may be terminated, demoted, suspended, or reassigned or the
procedures followed in the aforementioned circumstances. Under Federal law, a police
supervisor's direct liability to the public is most often brought under Title 42 Section 1983. Some
circuit courts of appeal apply it in the hiring, training, or supervision of subordinates, or on
specific State law. Supervisor liability to subordinates under Federal law may come under
statutory prohibitions against discrimination. Police supervisors should know the legal limits of
their jobs and be more aware of what goes on among and the competencies of subordinates.6
2. I became a whistle-blower in a City of Brockton wrongful arrest of an African
American citizen [2007]. The victim named Jose Semedo had his civil rights violated by several
white officers; but the policemen, Internal Affairs and City attempted to cover-up their bad acts
[2007-13]. I witnessed as, a police insider, decision makers exonerate policemen administratively,
not charge wrongdoers criminally, and omit in their Internal Affairs findings critical information
5
IACP ethics.
http://www.theiacp.org/-Ethics-Training-in-Law-Enforcement
6
Supervisor liability for subordinates.
https://www.ncjrs.gov/App/publications/abstract.aspx?ID=118571
7. 7 | P a g e
to skew outcomes that protected officers. This all came to light during discovery and through
depositions. I experienced policemen and supervisors who believed it wasn’t criminal or
administratively punishable to call minorities disparaging names like “monkey,” “nigger,” “boy,”
“natives,” “savages,” “you people,” “African jungle bunny” to name a few which demonstrates
their vicarious liability when civil rights are violated. It is well established that policemen don’t
enjoy free speech to call citizens disparaging names; it is conduct unbecoming.7
It has also been
established that this form of free speech for police officers off-duty is cause for termination.8
When city police chiefs, city administrators and county sheriff’s fail to discipline for speech,
whether on or off-duty, that is inflammatory and disparaging toward Black citizens then it
becomes an accepted custom, policy & practice to use such language. Such conduct is a clear
violation of any anti-discrimination policy. A culture of bias that is anti-minority is bad for
citizens and policing. This speech by policemen with guns & badges will be considered very
“aggressive” and “terrorizing” speech to minority citizens who fear cops based on this speech,
their actions and their unlawful racial profile of law-abiding citizens will transform these officers
in to “bullies with badges” and violators of rights and the Constitution.9
This is unacceptable and
because police officers hold a great deal of power, control and influence over a person they seize
under the color of law this speech with or without acts will become discriminatory and will cause
minority citizens to file complaints against police for abuse.10
I witnessed this form of police
officer abuse and my subsequent investigation substantiated a hate-crime by police officers in
7
LAPD conduct unbecoming off-duty in use of offensive words “boy,” “monkey,” “nigger”
http://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2014/05/07/exclusive-lapd-officer-caught-on-tape-allegedly-making-racist-
comments/
8
Leominster mayor fires officer who directed racial epithet at Carl Crawford of the Red Sox
http://www.boston.com/metrodesk/2012/07/26/leominster-mayor-fires-officer-who-yelled-racial-epithet-carl-
crawford-the-red-sox/cLIW80DUr4on5gbLNVuCJK/story.html
9
FBI arrests several East Haven Police Officers for being “bullies with badges” and for racial profiling Blacks and
Hispanics.
http://www.nbcconnecticut.com/news/local/FBI-Arrests-East-Haven-Police-Accused-of-Racial-Profiling-
137956408.html
10
Semedo v. City of Brockton (2010).
http://pacer.mad.uscourts.gov/dc/cgi-
bin/recentops.pl?filename=zobel/pdf/semedo%20v%20elliott%20june%202012.pdf
8. 8 | P a g e
2007. I assisted the citizen [Jose Semedo] and experienced retaliation. I know all too well the
difficulties associated with being a whistle-blower but I also understand policemen take an oath to
protect & serve all citizens.11
3. As a crime scene investigator I understand very-well reasonable suspicion exists
when a reasonable person under the circumstances, would, based upon specific and articulable
facts, suspect that a crime has been committed, is being committed, or is being planned to be
committed based on observations.12
I understood as a policeman that it was my responsibility to
not violate citizen rights or Constitutional protections with an end justifies the means belief
system. Doing so is conduct unbecoming, illegal and unethical. That arrogance has no place in
policing and agencies that have a culture of arrogance will only foster allegations of
organizational tolerance for noble cause corruption and betrayal of the public service philosophy.
When officers and administrators believe that the ends justify their means, such as illegal
searches, "articulation" in report writing, illegal arrests and "testilying," they corrupt their own
system.13
I understand based on my knowledge, specialized training and nearly twenty-years
experience in the law enforcement profession that policemen who arrogantly violate citizens
rights, their oath to protect & serve all citizens in a community will certainly place citizens at
harm, will tarnish their reputation, and that of all policemen and the institution. Their illicit
behavior will make it harder for honest, courageous and ethical officers to restore public trust.
Taxpayers are on the hook for the hire, training and termination of rogue police officers. The
Black and Hispanic community is well aware of the Excessive Force issues in society by police
because racism and discrimination remain prevalent today in society. In Albuquerque [2014], the
USDOJ discovered local police were improperly exonerating Excessive Force claims and the
community outcry for a federal investigation became necessary to protect citizens, hold
11
Williams v. City of Brockton (2012)
http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/massachusetts/madce/1:2012cv10430/142553/32
12
Cornell Law. Reasonable suspicion.
http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/reasonable_suspicion
13
Police Chief Magazine.
http://www.policechiefmagazine.org/magazine/index.cfm?fuseaction=display&article_id=1025&issue_id=102006
9. 9 | P a g e
wrongdoers in uniform accountable and to force police reform.14
Police organizations and officers
who abuse trust, commit misconduct and are bullies with badges are likely known by fellow to
abuse trust but because of fear of retaliation many insiders remain silent. This is a serious
problem. When agencies are incapable of policing themselves regarding excessive force, civil
rights violations and other misconduct it becomes necessary for the FBI (as criminal investigator)
and the USDOJ (as the criminal and civil prosecutor) to investigate wrongdoing and when abuse
is found intervene to protect citizens from continued abuse. Police agencies know citizen
complaints must be handled properly.15
4. I am an independent subject matter expert on crime scene investigations. When
policemen make false statements, omit facts, and obstruct justice then a community will lose
trust. I have experienced the full panoply of policing and understand all too well the dangers,
uncertainty, and risks in policing. But I also know all too well that misconduct within the ranks of
a police organization that is permitted to escape punishment will not only damage the public trust
but will also tarnish the badge for all others in uniform who do nothing to hold wrongdoers in
uniform accountable. During my career as a policeman I myself have had to escalate to a Use of
Deadly Force once when a felony-burglary nighttime crime was in progress and the suspect fled
by car and led myself and other policemen on a high speed chase for several miles driving
recklessly and endangering lives. I was forced to draw my weapon, point-aim and discharge it
center mass on target because the defendant’s intent and acts to escape capture placed me in fear
of imminent threat of death or serious bodily harm if he ran me over with a motor vehicle. As a
policeman, I have also been shot at twice in the line of duty by armed & dangerous felons
carrying guns. These felons were disarmed and arrested without injury or further incident,
charged and punished by the courts. I understand policy and procedure when it concerns the Use
of Deadly Force and the desire for policemen to simply return home safe after each day’s work in
uniform. That said, a split second decision by policemen made in error, poor judgment, and any
14
Albuquerque Police Department shot and killed citizens exonerating the policemen and in 2014 USDOJ examines
the shooting findings only to discover police abuse of citizens should have been substantiated.
http://www.justice.gov/crt/about/spl/documents/apd_findings_4-10-14.pdf
15
Administrative VS. Criminal Complaint procedures Chief’s guide.
http://www.mschiefs.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/PC-DESK-REFERENCE.pdf
10. 10 | P a g e
acts which violate citizen rights or the Constitution of the United States cannot be tolerated.
Honesty and integrity are critical and every police officer understands they are held to a higher
standard than the public. I have responded to and have been assigned as lead investigator in more
than one hundred serious criminal cases. I have testified in courts of law concerning my findings
primarily for the prosecution but on a few occasions I have also testified for the defense too. I
have investigated and reached opinions to charge citizens criminally in more than fifty firearm
related cases. I have investigated more than ten homicides whereby I responded, canvassed,
interviewed witnesses, interrogated suspects, gained confessions in a few, formed technical
opinions and testified in courts. My duties also included responding to the medical examiner’s
office for autopsies of homicide deaths, suicides, accidental deaths and other suspicious deaths.
The Medical Examiner (“ME”) is charged with determining a cause and manner of death,
overseeing the analysis of evidence and presenting their scientific findings in court. The ME often
works with the police to help guide their ongoing investigation but the ME's scientific opinion
may or may not be accepted by the courts, law enforcement, lawyers or the victim's family. Even
if the ME concludes that a death was a homicide, prosecutors may disagree and file no charges.
B. AFFIANT’S NOTABLE USE OF FORCE EXPERIENCES.
5. An unavoidable function of professional policing is contact between the police and
public.16
The affiant is no stranger to the rigors, split-second decisions or the unexpected dangers
associated with policing. A few notable cases involving the affiant’s experience as a Brockton
Police Department (“BPD”) officer demonstrate his reasonable thought processes while surviving
a number of critical incidents.
6. In 1996, the affiant responded to a “shots fired” call in the City of Brockton. While
responding to the area where the call originated the affiant spotted a person walking
approximately two blocks away from the crime scene. When the individual noticed the affiant’s
marked police cruiser traveling towards his direction the affiant noticed this individual began to
16
DOJ Contacts Between the Police and Public, 2002
http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/cpp02.pdf
11. 11 | P a g e
walk hurriedly, bladed his body in a suspicious manner as the affiant passed by clutching his
waistband, and the affiant observed this same individual then run. It was Super bowl Sunday and
many people were indoors. Due to the proximity of a felony call of “shots fired” and the
suspicious activity observed the affiant used reasonable judgment and turned his patrol car around
without activating lights or siren and stopped this individual as he entered a convenience store.
Shortly after initiating a terry stop the affiant pat-frisked the individual for his safety and located
an illegally concealed “smoking” handgun inside the waistband of that citizen resulting in his
lawful arrest without escalating to the Use of Deadly Force. Forensically the gun recovered was
later subsequently identified as a murder weapon linked to the “shots fired” call the affiant
responded to.
7. In 1997, Commonwealth v. Adilson Barbosa the affiant conducted a car stop after a
neighboring community (Town of Stoughton) at about 3:30 AM reported an Armed Robbery in
that community to the City of Brockton.17
A clothing description was provided in a general
broadcast (“GBC”). The affiant located a suspicious vehicle at 4:00 AM with five individuals
seated in a car parked and idling in an alley next to a Brockton convenience store. The affiant
approached in a marked unit and noticed clothing being worn by occupants inside the car
matched the earlier GBC description of suspects wanted for “Armed Robbery” in Stoughton. A
rear seated passenger had his car door open with his right foot resting on the pavement and his
left foot still inside the car. Seconds after Williams pulled his patrol car behind the suspects
stopped car and shined a spotlight into the car the occupants made furtive movements inside the
car and behaved suspiciously. The rear seated passenger placed his right foot quickly inside the
car and slammed his door shut. The operator of the car placed the car into drive and began to
accelerate forward. The affiant activated his lights & siren and conducted a felony car stop
based on the Stoughton crime and what Williams suspected was a crime beginning to occur in
Brockton. Williams exited his cruiser with a gun drawn and ordered the five occupants to show
their hands and radioed area Brockton units for assistance. A reasonable person would conclude
based on a GBC from a neighboring town with clothing description and the fact that a car was
parked and idling in a alley next to a convenience store with individuals therein with similar
17
COMMONWEALTH vs. ADILSON BARBOSA
http://masscases.com/cases/app/49/49massappct344.html
12. 12 | P a g e
clothing being worn, and the sudden reaction by the occupants once the police activated a
spotlight heightened suspicion and warranted a detention and more police investigation. The
defendants were arrested, several illegal guns were recovered and the defendants were positively
identified as the armed robbers from the earlier Stoughton GBC too without Williams escalating
to the Use of Deadly Force.
8. In 1998, Commonwealth v. Joel Baez the affiant, narcotics detectives and the
Massachusetts State Police Drug Task Force executed a felony arrest warrant at a defendant’s
residence. The defendant ran from police. As the affiant ran after the defendant and closed within
a few feet of making a lawful arrest the defendant brandished a gun in his hand, turned and fired
it at the affiant. The affiant was not struck by the projectile. The subject was disarmed within
seconds and arrested without the affiant escalating to a Use of Deadly Force. This was a critical
shooting incident.
9. In 2003, Commonwealth v. Edgar Monteiro the affiant responded to a domestic
violence call to assist Brockton patrol officers. The affiant was the first to arrive at the scene.
While inside a residence questioning the husband the wife returned home and told Williams her
husband illegally possessed handguns and wanted to commit acts of violence against the wife
before she fled the home and threatened to kill police officers. The defendant was taken into
custody without incident and the firearms which he secreted were confiscated without escalating
to a Use of Deadly Force. Monteiro threatened the wellbeing of Williams and his family which
began a nine month long investigation and ended with the Massachusetts Attorney General filing
charges against Edgar Monteiro, Carey James Monteiro and Amanda James for insurance fraud.18
10. In 2004, Commonwealth v. Richard Smith the affiant assisted Brockton patrol in a
high speed pursuit of a felon wanted for burglary at night of a city business. During the pursuit
the felon rammed his car into the affiant’s unmarked police cruiser. The affiant continued to
pursue the defendant. The felon then drove down a dead end residential street. Once he reached
the cul-de-sac the felon drove his car up the front lawn towards the backyard and then came back
out to the road service on the opposite side of the home. The affiant did not follow the felon.
18
Mass AG Edgar Monteiro.
http://www.insurancejournal.com/news/east/2006/11/07/74031.htm
13. 13 | P a g e
Williams parked his cruiser on the road and ran diagonally across the cul-de-sac anticipating the
felon would stop his car and a foot chase would ensue. Instead, Williams heard the roar of a car
engine and the car being driven by the felon wouldn’t stop and if it struck Williams who was now
in front of its path of travel the felon would of cause Williams serious bodily harm or perhaps
death. The affiant reasoned his life was in jeopardy upholstered-pointed-shot the felon who
refused to obey commands to stop. The split second decision by Williams to escalate to the Use
of Deadly Force was thoroughly investigated and determined to be a justified.
11. In 2005, Commonwealth v. Rupert Weeks the affiant conducted surveillance of a
house party at 2:00 AM in the City of Brockton. As partygoers left the residence and began
congregating in the roadway a argument outside the home erupted and a male brandished a
firearm and fire it at another citizen. The projectile nearly hit the affiant in a undercover (“UC”)
vehicle. The bullet missed the affiant seated in the UC by inches. The defendant was taken into
custody and the handgun recovered without escalating to the Use of Deadly Force.
12. In 2007, Commonwealth v. Rashidi Smith the affiant arrested a youth for the
murder of another youth.19
The “smoking” gun used by the defendant was recovered at his feet
after the affiant followed and radioed for assistance to affect a car stop. The defendant was taken
into custody without escalating to the Use of Deadly Force.
13. In 2008, Commonwealth v. Esau Depina the affiant responded to a home where
shots were fired minutes earlier.20
The scene was frozen for several hours with teenagers inside
the home while the affiant petitioned the court for a search warrant of the occupants and that
residence. A search warrant was granted and Williams located five firearms, ammunition and
contraband inside the property. Defendants inside the home after being read Miranda assisted
police with the discovery of additional illegally possessed guns in an attic space without the
affiant or other police professionals escalating to the Use of Deadly Force.
19
Marvin Constant homicide.
http://masscops.com/threads/cops-teen-killed-boy.31806/
20 Brockton teen held in gun case.
http://www.enterprisenews.com/x1405094100/Brockton-teen-held-in-gun-case?template=printart
14. 14 | P a g e
14. In 2009, Commonwealth v. Chris Santos the affiant at 2:00 AM in the morning
encountered a sixteen year old with other youths on a public street. The sixteen year old separated
from the crowd of fifteen other youths and began to walk in the opposite direction. The youth
would not answer Williams’ questions and he kept his hands concealed in the pockets of his
jacket. The youth and Williams were separated by a row of 4’ hedges. Williams unholstered-
pointed his firearm at the youth and ordered the youth to “Show me your hands” repeatedly and
Williams told the youth “Drop the gun.” The sixteen year old then placed on the ground a loaded
semi-auto handgun and moved away from it as Williams ordered. The sixteen year old was
arrested without further incident or the Use of Deadly Force.
15. As a Generalist Detective the affiant has specialized experience investigating
seventy (70) gun related crimes - (see Curriculum Vitae Exhibit).
C. OFFICER WILSON’S DECISION TO STOP DORIAN JOHNSON
AND MICHAEL BROWN REASONABLE.
OPINION I: - WILSON WITNESSED MICHAEL BROWN AND DORIAN JOHNSON
WALKING IN THE MIDDLE OF THE ROAD. WILSON EVENTUALLY PERFORMED
A LAWFUL DETENTION OF MICHAEL BROWN AND DORIAN JOHNSON BASED
ON RADIO TRANSMISSIONS OF STEALING, DESCRIPTION OF ITEMS STOLEN,
AND PROXIMITY TO CRIME.
D. WILSON’S OFFICER-INVOLVED SHOOTING INSIDE CRUISER.
OPINION II: - WILSON’S GRAND JURY TESTIMONY REVEALS PHYSICAL
EVIDENCE OF ONE UNSPENT .40 CAL S&W ROUND OF AMMUNITION REMAINS
UNACCOUNTED.
16. The Crime Lab Firearms report revealed that Wilson fired a total of twelve (12)
rounds. Spent shell casings and lead ball ammunition were collected as physical evidence. Wilson
testified that he carried twelve (12) rounds of ammunition in his magazine and one (1) round
chambered; a total of thirteen (13) rounds. One unspent .40 cal S&W round of ammunition
remains unaccounted. It likely should have been located and recovered from inside Wilson’s
15. 15 | P a g e
cruiser. Wilson’s sworn testimony is his second shot fired from inside the vehicle came after he
cleared a malfunction of the Sig P229. Immediately following Wilson making his weapon
functional he pulled the trigger without looking at his site picture, according to his testimony.
Physical evidence supports Brown was shot in the right hand. This was not a contact wound
(muzzle touching). This was an intermediate gunshot wound to the right hand that was 6” to 30”
(inches) away from the muzzle. Based on Wilson’s testimony it is unclear how Wilson knew
Brown was not surrendering when he cleared and fired the P229 from inside his cruiser. Wilson
testified he did not look at Brown before discharging the weapon in Brown’s direction. Page 225
of Wilson’s sworn testimony describes how he racked the slide of his Sig P229 weapon which
would eject one unspent round of .40 cal S&W from the ejector port. The mechanical operation of
the firearm after one round is ejected is to have the magazine spring move the next round of
ammunition up and chamber the that round when the slide moved forward. The P229 weapon is
ready to fire once this mechanical function is completed.
16. 16 | P a g e
E. WILSON’S DEADLY FORCE DECISION TO STOP A
SHOPLIFTING SUSPECT BY GUN IS A BAD USE OF FORCE DECISION.
WILSON MADE A POOR TACTICAL DECISION. BY WILSON
CHOOSING TO NOT DE-ESCALATE AND HOLSTER THE P229
FIREARM WILSON PLACED HIMSELF AT A DISADVANTAGE
BECAUSE HE ESCALATED TO HOLDING A GUN IN HIS RIGHT HAND
WHILE USING HIS LEFT HAND TO RESTRAIN BROWN. IT IS
POSSIBLE THAT WILSON’S FIRST SHOT FIRED WAS AN
ACCIDENTAL DISCHARGE BASED ON DORIAN JOHNSON’S
TESTIMONY.
OPINION III: - WILSON’S GRAND JURY TESTIMONY REVEALS HIS DECISION TO
UNHOLSTER HIS GUN AND POINT IT AT BROWN AT THE OUTSET OF THE
DETENTION IS UNWARRANTED BASED ON THE CRIME OF “STEALING”.
17. In the case of Wilson the crime investigated was a low-level “stealing” cigarillo
cigars from a neighborhood convenience store. There were no radio transmissions of a weapon
used by a defendant during the commission of this “stealing” crime. Wilson testified that he
noticed Brown holding a handful of cigarillo cigars, which then began his investigative detention
of Brown for the past crime of “stealing”. When Wilson backed up his cruiser, stopped and then
seized Brown he did so with reasonable suspicion. Wilson’s decision to not put the P229 back in
the holster was probably a poor decision because it is understood in Law Enforcement circles that
it is very easy to have an accidental discharge by unwanted squeeze of the trigger while wrestling
with an unarmed subject. Wilson did not testify that at the outset when he seized Brown he feared
Brown possessed a weapon. Neither did Wilson have past call for service information to rely on
from the 911 call or responding officers. Here is Wilson’s sworn Grand Jury testimony on
September 16th
, 2014 - page 209:
17. 17 | P a g e
18. Police officers are trained to understand their use of force continuum options.
Wilson testified that he was punched by Brown’s right hand while Brown held onto a fist full of
cigarillo cigars in that same hand. Wilson testified that none of these glancing blows placed him
in imminent fear of his life. Wilson testified why he did not holster the P229 and de-escalate force
to his mace, baton, or flashlight but the testimony seems to lack credibility when one looks at the
crime scene photos of the inside of the cruiser. Wilson had within his immediate reach less than
lethal force options he bypassed; including the ability to simply create distance by driving
forward. Here crime scene photos taken of Wilson’s cruiser. They illustrate less than lethal force
options within an arm length reach of the driver’s seat, not including mace on Wilson’s personal
duty belt. To employ these options Wilson needed to holster his firearm.
18. 18 | P a g e
19. Wilson had probable cause to arrest Brown when Brown began to resist. Wilson
did not have at the outset of Brown resisting any probable cause to shoot Brown. It is likely
Wilson create his own exigency by not de-escalating from his deadly use of force option against
an unarmed resistive person.
20. Because Wilson elected to not holster his firearm and de-escalate to a lesser force
in the continuum he could not gain control of Brown with the left hand alone. The right hand
holding onto the firearm was useless in gaining Brown’s compliance because Brown is not a
lethal force threat to warrant imminent fear of death at the outset. It is well established by law
enforcement professionals that officers can’t create their own exigency to escalate to a use of
deadly force. Wilson allowed a resistive unarmed person with two hands filled with cigarillos’ to
strike the officer; according to Wilson’s testimony.
21. I don’t want to play hindsight quarterback to Wilson’s poor decisions to de-
escalate but it is worth noting he could have disengaged Brown all together by simply putting his
cruiser in drive and then driving forward to create distance. This would have cleared Brown’s
body from impeding Wilson’s ability to get out of the cruiser to control Brown. Wilson could
have then decided to re-engage Brown outside the cruiser to place him under arrest with less than
lethal force. There were no callouts by Wilson for “officer in trouble” while Brown resisted
arrest at the cruiser. The radio mic was within reach but Wilson again had no free hand due to his
decision to arm himself at the outset with his P229 firearm. Assist units would have responded
quickly because they were in the area searching for Brown. Wilson’s sworn Grand Jury testimony
on September 16th
, 2014 - page 237:
19. 19 | P a g e
22. Police training protocol is to always holster a gun when wrestling with a suspect
because the probability of an accidental discharge by inadvertently squeezing the trigger
increases. Wilson did not opt to de-escalate from lethal force so he was short one hand to defend
himself the entire event.
23. Based on crime scene photos of Wilson a few hours after this incident there’s little
or no detectable bruising, lacerations or swelling to the areas he claims Brown stuck with open
hand or clenched cigarillo filled hands. Here Wilson testified that Brown allegedly touched his
firearm. DNA lab results indicate that Brown and Wilson’s DNA were present on the weapon.
See page 215 of Wilson’s testimony regarding grab of his weapon.
IMPORTANT: DNA lab results that detect Brown’s DNA was on Wilson’s P229 cannot be
interpreted as widely reported to automatically mean that Brown transferred DNA to Wilson’s
weapon directly by touching it. Another scenario not reported is Wilson could have
contaminated his own gun with Brown’s blood after he shot Brown inside the police cruiser
and/or outside the police cruiser if Wilson checked Brown for vital signs. The DNA affirmative
20. 20 | P a g e
test results do not explain how Brown’s blood, sweat, mucous, tissue of other trace biologic
evidence transferred to Wilson’s P229 weapon or in what order of the crime scene. It is
possible Wilson transferred Brown’s DNA to these other contact surfaces post shooting when
Wilson went back to his cruiser before other officers arrived on scene. This might explain why
there is blood smear evidence inside the cruiser near the driver door handle and also why
Wilson washed his hands unattended at the police station before he was questioned.
24. Wilson’s Sig P229 weapon malfunctioned with ‘click’, ‘click’ then ‘bang’. There
was no corrective action by Wilson to make the weapon serviceable. Based on the intermediate
gunshot physical evidence Brown’s hand was no more than thirty inches away from the muzzle of
the P229. It is here Wilson’s version of the story about Brown grabbing the slide of the firearm
causing it to go out of battery and ‘click’ could also be related to Brown’s DNA being found on
the weapon. The alleged struggle leads to discharge of the weapon without injury to Wilson or
Brown from the projectile. Wilson does testify that the discharge did surprise everyone. It is
21. 21 | P a g e
unclear why the discharge from pulling the trigger would be a surprise unless it was maybe an
accidental trigger pull.
25. The affiant is knowledgeable about the mechanical operation of Glock semi-
automatic handguns which are similar in mechanical operation to the Sig P229. The affiant
performed several hundred hours of training as a law enforcement professional over the span of
fifteen (15) years. The training included simulating malfunctions and correcting them under
stress. This type of Officer Street Survival scenario training is standard in the police industry for
law enforcement. Wilson’s Sig P229, based on his testimony, had a battery malfunction of the
‘slide’. That means if Brown grabbed the barrel and pushed the slide in slightly the weapon is
going to ‘click’ on trigger pull but not fire.
IMPORTANT: Brown’s DNA is positive on the weapon. Law Enforcement did not explain to
the public that Wilson could have put Brown’s DNA on the firearm as trace evidence. ME’s
scientific testimony.
26. Wilson’s testimony first shot fired inside cruiser page 224.
IMPORTANT: Brown’s hand(s) were within 30 inches but not closer than 6 inches when the
weapon was fired and a projectile did strike Brown’s right hand based on Physical Evidence
(PE) of the ME’s Autopsy Report.
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27. Wilson’s testimony second shot fired inside cruiser. See page 225. Here Wilson
testified that he pulled the trigger, in a second attempt to stop Brown from punching him with an
alleged open or closed fist. Again, Brown has no weapon and Wilson is in a motor vehicle with
less than lethal mace, baton, flashlight or driving off yet Wilson decides to pull the trigger of his
Sig P229 in the direction of Brown again. Wilson’s testimony this time is his weapon, without
Brown’s hands allegedly touching the barrel; malfunctions again with a ‘click’ on trigger pull.
Here Wilson admits he pulled the trigger without looking at his target. Brown’s injury to the right
hand is open and on the palmer side and not a clenched fist. Was Brown after the first shot raising
his hands to give up? IMPORTANT: Brown’s hands are not on the barrel according to Wilson
during this second malfunction. Wilson racked the slide and ejected one unspent round,
according to his testimony. Crime Scene Services never located the unspent round #13 inside
or outside Wilson’s cruiser.
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28. See crime scene photos of the exterior of Wilson’s cruiser with evidence markers;
none are of an unspent .40 cal S&W round.
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29. Wilson exited his cruiser and a likely low-speed foot chase of unarmed teen Brown
wearing flip-flops ensued some 152’ 9” down the road in broad daylight. Multiple eyewitness and
Wilson’s accounts of what happened when Wilson discharged his weapon ten (10) times at
Brown outside the cruiser are hotly contested. Nonetheless, Brown did succumb to multiple
gunshot wound injuries in that roadway.
30. It is unclear based on Wilson’s sworn testimony what he did to render aid to
Brown immediately following the shooting. What is apparent according to his sworn testimony is
Wilson went back to his police truck and ‘put his gun up’.
31. When Wilson re-entered his police truck, after shooting and killing unarmed
Brown, it is unclear if Wilson contaminated his truck with Brown’s blood and other tissue on the
exterior door and interior surfaces like the door handle. It is also unclear if Wilson some 152’ 9”
outside of the cruiser truck contaminated his firearm with Brown’s blood after he fired ten shots.
None of those shots fired at Brown were closer than four (4) feet based on lack of powder and
stippling; scientific testimony. See Wilson’s testimony on page 235 about putting gun up inside
his car.
IMPORTANT: That doesn’t mean that Wilson did not approach and touch Brown as he laid in
the street dead before returning to his police truck. Wilson may have contaminated his weapon
with Brown’s DNA deliberately or inadvertently.
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32. Images of Brown DNA transfer evidence on Wilson’s clothing and large amounts
of blood deposited on inside door handle. See Crime Scene pictures taken below.
IMPORTANT: Wilson could have, post shooting, contaminated his cruiser and gun before or
shortly after other assist units arrived on scene. Wilson could have done so inadvertently or
deliberately.
F. OFFICER-INVOLVED CRITICAL INCIDENT DEFINITIONS.
33. An event in which an officer is involved as a principal, a victim, or is the custodial
officer, where death or injury occurs or when an officer intentionally discharges his/her firearm at
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another person is a “Officer-Involved Critical Incident.” This includes all in-custody deaths, use
of deadly force, or serious motor vehicle crash involving a squad car.
34. An investigation of a critical incident to ascertain all the relevant evidence as to
whether or not anyone committed a crime during the course of the event which led up to and
included the critical incident is a “Criminal Investigation.” The criminal investigation is separate
from an administrative investigation and both can run simultaneously, end separately and have
different dispositions.21
35. An officer who is directly involved in the critical incident as a principal, a victim,
a witness, or is the custodial officer is called an “Involved Officer.”
21
Critical Incident Policy.
https://www.cityofmadison.com/police/documents/sopOICI.pdf