The document discusses the principles and practices of conventional agriculture, including intensive tillage, monoculture, use of synthetic fertilizers, irrigation, pest and weed control with chemicals, and genetic manipulation of crops. It notes the benefits of these practices but also their long term unsustainability due to threats like soil degradation, erosion, and overuse of water. The document advocates for more sustainable agricultural approaches and suggests conventional agriculture only considers short term gains without regard for long term environmental and economic impacts.
Improving N Efficiency through Managing Soil NitrateDairyNforProfit
Presentation given by Dr. Michael Russelle to the PICCC Strategic Science Think Tank - Nitrogen efficiency. Thursday 16 August 2012, 10 am – 7 pm, at the University of Melbourne
http://www.piccc.org.au/news/2012/aug/29/piccc-strategic-science-think-tank-nitrogen-efficiency
Biomelioration: Harnessing Biomethanation for Energy; Recycling Water and Dis...Taimur Hyat-Khan
Most of the World's Public water has become undrinkable due to sewage infiltration into ground water. Unless something is done now to restore the environment and curb pollution, the future will be challenged in terms of meeting the World's water demands, especially in the light of Climate Change!
Using Biological means to ameliorate the pollution spread by Solid & Liquid Waste and gain energy plus soil amendment in a Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).
Improving N Efficiency through Managing Soil NitrateDairyNforProfit
Presentation given by Dr. Michael Russelle to the PICCC Strategic Science Think Tank - Nitrogen efficiency. Thursday 16 August 2012, 10 am – 7 pm, at the University of Melbourne
http://www.piccc.org.au/news/2012/aug/29/piccc-strategic-science-think-tank-nitrogen-efficiency
Biomelioration: Harnessing Biomethanation for Energy; Recycling Water and Dis...Taimur Hyat-Khan
Most of the World's Public water has become undrinkable due to sewage infiltration into ground water. Unless something is done now to restore the environment and curb pollution, the future will be challenged in terms of meeting the World's water demands, especially in the light of Climate Change!
Using Biological means to ameliorate the pollution spread by Solid & Liquid Waste and gain energy plus soil amendment in a Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).
Lets take an adventure into the world of sustainable farming by Clare Liang &...Art4Agriculture
Why is it important to study agriculture?
Good Question says Clare and Helena.
Well its a good start to solving the looming food shortage crisis they tell us
See if you agree
Midloe Grange Farm: Nutrient Management Case Study Farming Futures
This presentation formed part of the Farming Futures workshop 'Cropping Climate Change: Making business sense of nitrous oxide and the nitrogen cycle'
March 5th 2010
Vermicompost - An Organic Gold (Vermiculture and Vermicompost, Earthworm Farm...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Vermiculture is the culture of earthworms. The goal is to continually increase the number of worms in order to obtain a sustainable harvest. The worms are either used to expand a vermicomposting operation or sold to customers who use them for the same or other purposes. Vermicomposting is the process by which worms are used to convert organic materials (usually wastes) into a humus-like material known as vermicompost. The municipal wastes; non-toxic solid and liquid waste of the industries and household garbage’s can also be converted into vermicompost in the same manner.
See more
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https://goo.gl/euQMeR
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Advantages of vermicomposting, Advantages of vermiculture, Agro business: Vermiculture earthworms Farming, Application in Organic Agriculture, Best small and cottage scale industries, Business consultancy, Business consultant, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business Plan for Worm Farming, Business start-up, Business Startup commercial worm farming, Earthworm Farm Business, Earthworm Production, Earthworms end uses and potential, Great Opportunity for Startup, How to Build a Worm Farm, How to make a worm farm, How to make vermicompost, How to Prepare Vermicompost, How to start a successful Vermicompost business, How to Start a Vermicompost industry?, How to Start a Vermicompost Production Business, How to Start a Vermicomposting Bin, How to Start a Worm Bin System, How to start a worm compost, How to Start a Worm Farm Business, How to Start a Worm Farm for Profit, How to Start Vermicompost Processing Industry in India, How to Start Vermicomposting Business, How to start vermicomposting business in India, How to Start Vermiculture, How to start vermiculture business, Ideas and Plan to Start Vermiculture Business, Industrial Project Report, Manual of Farm Vermicomposting and Vermiculture, Materials used in vermicomposting, Most Profitable Vermicompost Processing Business Ideas, Preparation of Project Profiles, Process technology books, Profitable small and cottage scale industries, Profitable Small Scale Vermicompost Manufacturing, Project consultancy, Project consultant, Project for startups, Project identification and selection, Role of Earthworms, Setting up and opening your Vermicompost Business, Setting up of Vermicompost Processing Units, Small scale Commercial Vermicompost making, Small Scale Vermicompost Processing Projects, Small scale Vermicompost production line, Small Start-up Business Project, Start a Worm Farm Business, Start up India, Stand up India, Starting a Business in Vermicomposting, Starting a Vermicompost Processing Business, Starting a Vermiculture Business
I shared this presentation at the IL Regional Tillage Seminar in Milan IL on 1/27/2011.
Some edits have been made for increased clarity without the commentary.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
4. Agroecology
Why is there a course in agroecology?
Sustainability
Threatened by conventional agricultural principles
5. Agroecology
Why is there a course in agroecology?
Sustainability
Threatened by conventional agricultural principles
What are those principles?
6. Agroecology
Why is there a course in agroecology?
Sustainability
Threatened by conventional agricultural principles
What are those principles?
Let’s discuss the Wendell Berry essay
9. Conventional Agriculture
Central ideas:
Maximize production
Maximize profits
Intensive Tillage Chemical pest control
Inorganic fertilizers
Irrigation
Monoculture
Genetic manipulation of crop plants
24. Conventional Agriculture
Synthetic Fertilizer
High yield increases, uniform application, rapid uptake/use
...but in large quantities can be leached from the soil and
cause damage through groundwater contamination,
collection in larger bodies of water, variable costs
25. Conventional Agriculture
Synthetic Fertilizer
High yield increases, uniform application, rapid uptake/use
...but in large quantities can be leached from the soil and
cause damage through groundwater contamination,
collection in larger bodies of water, variable costs
Did you know that the worldwide average Nitrogen
Use Efficiency is 33%?
29. Conventional Agriculture
Irrigation
Yield increases (water is a limiting factor)
16% of the world’s ag land is irrigated
30. Conventional Agriculture
Irrigation
Yield increases (water is a limiting factor)
16% of the world’s ag land is irrigated
...and it produces 40% of the world’s food
31. Conventional Agriculture
Irrigation
Yield increases (water is a limiting factor)
16% of the world’s ag land is irrigated
...and it produces 40% of the world’s food
What are problems with heavy irrigation?
32. Conventional Agriculture
Irrigation
Yield increases (water is a limiting factor)
16% of the world’s ag land is irrigated
...and it produces 40% of the world’s food
What are problems with heavy irrigation?
Replenishment, ecological effects of dams, increases
fertilizer leaching
36. Conventional Agriculture
Pest & Weed Control with Chemicals
Short-term pest removal
...but what happens to food chains? Resistance?
Leaching? Human health?
39. Conventional Agriculture
Plant Gene Manipulation
Selection has been practiced a
long time, but here we’re talking
about genetic manipulation
40. Conventional Agriculture
Plant Gene Manipulation
Selection has been practiced a
long time, but here we’re talking
about genetic manipulation
High-yielding hybrids,
pesticide use reduced
41. Conventional Agriculture
Plant Gene Manipulation
Selection has been practiced a
long time, but here we’re talking
about genetic manipulation
High-yielding hybrids,
pesticide use reduced
...and hybrids require optimal
conditions (fertilizer & water),
seed is dissimilar to the parent
(why is this important?)
58. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Soil Degradation
erosion
waterlogging
compaction
contamination
structure problems
Erosion
4 T/A/Yr can be
“acceptable”
59. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Soil Degradation
erosion
waterlogging
compaction
contamination
structure problems
Erosion
4 T/A/Yr can be
“acceptable”
Conventional Ag
often leaves soil bare
69. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Water Use
Water rights are a big deal
Agriculture accounts for 2/3
of worldwide water use
70. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Water Use
Water rights are a big deal
Agriculture accounts for 2/3
of worldwide water use
Plant water use efficiency is
around 50%!
71. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Water Use
Water rights are a big deal
Agriculture accounts for 2/3
of worldwide water use
Plant water use efficiency is
around 50%!
Ag water use has a broader
ecological effect
72. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Water Use
Water rights are a big deal
Agriculture accounts for 2/3
of worldwide water use
Plant water use efficiency is
around 50%!
Ag water use has a broader
ecological effect
Microclimate effects
80. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Dependence on External Inputs
Now, think about this. Do people who
practice organic agriculture use inputs?
81. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Dependence on External Inputs
Now, think about this. Do people who
practice organic agriculture use inputs?
irrigation, fertilizers, pesticides cost energy
that is not renewable (fossil fuels)
82. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Dependence on External Inputs
Now, think about this. Do people who
practice organic agriculture use inputs?
irrigation, fertilizers, pesticides cost energy
that is not renewable (fossil fuels)
Now, think again. Is it morally wrong to use
something that is not renewable?
83. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Dependence on External Inputs
Now, think about this. Do people who
practice organic agriculture use inputs?
irrigation, fertilizers, pesticides cost energy
that is not renewable (fossil fuels)
Now, think again. Is it morally wrong to use
something that is not renewable?
The inputs come from outside the relative
ecosystem, so now you depend on an
uncontrollable resource. The longer they are
used, the more you depend on them
86. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Loss of Genetic Diversity
In the past, agriculture has relied on local
diversity (adapted traits) and recruiting
wild species into the gene pool
87. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Loss of Genetic Diversity
In the past, agriculture has relied on local
diversity (adapted traits) and recruiting
wild species into the gene pool
We know that now only around six
varieties of corn account for 70% of
the world’s corn crop
88. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Loss of Genetic Diversity
In the past, agriculture has relied on local
diversity (adapted traits) and recruiting
wild species into the gene pool
We know that now only around six
varieties of corn account for 70% of
the world’s corn crop
About half the wheat varieties in the
US are descendants of lines produced
by Norman Borlaug and collegues
89. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Loss of Genetic Diversity
In the past, agriculture has relied on local
diversity (adapted traits) and recruiting
wild species into the gene pool
We know that now only around six
varieties of corn account for 70% of
the world’s corn crop
About half the wheat varieties in the
US are descendants of lines produced
by Norman Borlaug and collegues
Anything wrong with that?
92. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Loss of Genetic Diversity (continued)
This loss is a result of the desire for short-term
productivity gains
93. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Loss of Genetic Diversity (continued)
This loss is a result of the desire for short-term
productivity gains
The plants that are replaced could have really
desirable or potentially desirable traits
94. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Loss of Genetic Diversity (continued)
This loss is a result of the desire for short-term
productivity gains
The plants that are replaced could have really
desirable or potentially desirable traits
Homogeneous crop ‘germplasm’ (parentage) are
now more vulnerable...vulnerable to what?
95. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Loss of Genetic Diversity (continued)
This loss is a result of the desire for short-term
productivity gains
The plants that are replaced could have really
desirable or potentially desirable traits
Homogeneous crop ‘germplasm’ (parentage) are
now more vulnerable...vulnerable to what?
It is important to have a large genetic reservoir as
we look to possible future problems or diseases
98. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Loss of Genetic Diversity (some more)
Greenbug (aphid) and sorghum example
99. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Loss of Genetic Diversity (some more)
Greenbug (aphid) and sorghum example
$100 million
in damages
$50 million
in pesticides
the following
year
100. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Loss of Genetic Diversity (some more)
Greenbug (aphid) and sorghum example
$100 million
in damages Sorghum
variety was
$50 million
discovered with
in pesticides
tolerance
the following
year
101. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Loss of Genetic Diversity (some more)
Greenbug (aphid) and sorghum example
$100 million
in damages Sorghum
variety was
$50 million
discovered with
in pesticides
tolerance
the following
year
BOOM
104. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Loss of Local Control over Ag Production
Everybody knows that there’s fewer farmers farming bigger
fields now
105. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Loss of Local Control over Ag Production
Everybody knows that there’s fewer farmers farming bigger
fields now
Business-farming often does not take part in local place-
based knowledge
106. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Loss of Local Control over Ag Production
Everybody knows that there’s fewer farmers farming bigger
fields now
Business-farming often does not take part in local place-
based knowledge
But, with the rise of Organic Foods, there is a parallel rise in
niche producers
111. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Global Inequality
People are still starving
Developing countries tend to become satellite
producers for the developed world, relying on
high-yielding varieties and non-renewable inputs
114. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Having said all that...
High-yielding agriculture has done real good in the world
115. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Having said all that...
High-yielding agriculture has done real good in the world
But, it can’t be relied on for the long-term
116. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Having said all that...
High-yielding agriculture has done real good in the world
But, it can’t be relied on for the long-term
Oh, and we don’t have a lot more land to develop
117. Why Conventional isn’t Sustainable
Having said all that...
High-yielding agriculture has done real good in the world
But, it can’t be relied on for the long-term
Oh, and we don’t have a lot more land to develop
...But a lot of this topic used to be in the context of a huge
increase in population worldwide, which according to Albert
Gore won’t actually happen
125. Sustainability
Can you define it?
Minimal negative effects on the environment & local ecology
126. Sustainability
Can you define it?
Minimal negative effects on the environment & local ecology
Preserve and rebuild soil fertility, prevent erosion
127. Sustainability
Can you define it?
Minimal negative effects on the environment & local ecology
Preserve and rebuild soil fertility, prevent erosion
Use water so that aquifers are restored and other water
needs are met
128. Sustainability
Can you define it?
Minimal negative effects on the environment & local ecology
Preserve and rebuild soil fertility, prevent erosion
Use water so that aquifers are restored and other water
needs are met
Rely on resources within the agroecosystem
129. Sustainability
Can you define it?
Minimal negative effects on the environment & local ecology
Preserve and rebuild soil fertility, prevent erosion
Use water so that aquifers are restored and other water
needs are met
Rely on resources within the agroecosystem
Work to conserve biodiversity
132. Agroecology
A fancy word for wise agriculture
We cannot ignore the problems of conventional ag, but we
cannot just abandon it
133. Agroecology
A fancy word for wise agriculture
We cannot ignore the problems of conventional ag, but we
cannot just abandon it
Traditional (old), resource-conserving, local, small-scale
134. Agroecology
A fancy word for wise agriculture
We cannot ignore the problems of conventional ag, but we
cannot just abandon it
Traditional (old), resource-conserving, local, small-scale
Definition:
The application of ecological concepts and principles to the
design and management of sustainable agricultural systems
136. Thought Questions
What are the issues of greatest importance that
threaten the sustainability of agriculture in the
town or region in which you live?