adverbs

1. ADVERBS
ADVERBS can be added to the VERB
GROUP to provide extra information
about MAIN VERB.

2. ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY
• Adverbs of Frequency tell us how often
something occurs (ACTIVE) or how often
something is carried out (PASSIVE).
• The frequency can range from zero frequency
to total frequency, i.e 0% to 100% of the time.
• Zero frequency is indicated by the word

3. Between 0% and 100% frequency, there exists a
continuum of frequencies
 0% --------------------------
 100% ------------------------
• never
• almost never
• hardly ever
• rarely
• seldom
• occasionally
• sometimes
• often
• frequently
• usually
• almost always
• always

4. • We can also add the word “very” to some of the
above ADVERBS to get more possibilities, e.g very
rarely, very often, very frequently etc.
• In simple tenses, ADVERB OF FREQUENCY are placed
immediately before the MAIN VERB in the VERB
GROUP.
• For example
Bridges are usually made of concrete
The needle of a compass always points North
Oil is often found in limestone formations.

5. • If there is more than one AUXILIARY or MODAL, then
the ADVERB OF FREQUENCY is placed after the first
AUXILIARY or MODAL
The classes would usually have been completed by
now
• In sentences which are negative, the ADVERB is
placed after “NOT”
The problem would not usually have been solved so
quickly.

6. ADVERBS OF MANNER
• ADVERB OF MANNER tell us how/in what manner
something occurs (ACTIVE) or is carried out
(PASSIVE), e.9 how well, how badly, how quickly,
how carefully, etc.
• Unlike the Adverbs of frequency, which are placed
before the MAIN VERB, ADVERB OF MANNER are
normally placed after the MAIN VERB.
The observation was completed quickly
The research was conducted carelessly

7. • If the MAIN VERB is followed by an OBJECT,
then the ADVERB OF MANNER can be placed:
1)Before the MAIN VERB
He quickly completed the observation.
They carelessly conducted the research.
2) After the OBJECT
He completed the observation quickly.
They conducted the research carelessly.

8. • Placing the ADVERB of MANNER before the
MAIN VERB is preferred if the OBJECT is long
(i.e. contains a lot of words).
She carefully conducted the dangerous,
complex, time-consuming experiment.
is preferred to or better than
She conducted the dangerous, complex, time-
consuming experiment carefully.

9. • ADVERB OF MANNER can also have “very” in
front of them to give extra information, e.g
very quickly, very carefully etc.
She conducted the experiment very carefully.

10. • Buatlah 5 kalimat biologi berbahasa Inggris
dengan menggunakan adverb of frequency.
• Buatlah 5 kalimat biologi berbahasa Inggris
dengan menggunakan adverb of manner.