The document provides an overview of adjustment disorders by summarizing several research studies and publications on the topic. Key points include that adjustment disorders involve the development of emotional or behavioral symptoms in response to an identifiable stressor or life event, and studies have examined the efficacy of various drug and herbal treatments for adjustment disorders with anxious or depressive symptoms.
This document reviews different treatments for bipolar disorder, including medications and psychotherapy. It finds that lithium is the first-line pharmacological treatment for managing mania, while medications like carbamazepine and valproate are also effective. Family-focused therapy and psychoeducation are beneficial as they help patients and families manage the disorder. Cognitive behavioral therapy teaches skills to detect mood changes and prevent relapses. The best treatment combination includes lithium medication alongside family-focused therapy and psychoeducation.
Common Brain Mechanisms Between Pain & AddictionPaul Coelho, MD
This document summarizes a perspective on common brain mechanisms of chronic pain and addiction. It proposes that chronic pain involves neuroadaptations similar to those seen in addiction, including reward deficiency, impaired inhibitory control, incentive sensitization, aberrant learning, and anti-reward allostatic neuroadaptations. The document provides epidemiological context on the prevalence and costs of chronic pain. It then reviews models of reward and addiction neurobiology and discusses how chronic pain may disrupt normal hedonic homeostasis in a manner analogous to addiction through an allostatic load. The perspective aims to inform improved chronic pain treatment by drawing parallels to addiction theories and interventions.
This document reviews various treatment options for major depressive disorder (MDD), one of the most common clinical depressions. The three main treatment approaches discussed are: pharmacotherapy (typically antidepressants), psychotherapies (cognitive-behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy are most effective), and electroconvulsive therapy (recommended only for severe cases where other treatments haven't worked). Combined treatment of antidepressants and psychotherapy is found to have higher success rates than single treatments alone. While medications and therapies are usually first-line, electroconvulsive therapy may be considered for treatment-resistant MDD.
Efficacy Of Meditation In The Management Of Anxietydburr
This document summarizes a research study on the efficacy of meditation for treating anxiety disorders. The study reviewed 11 research studies on meditation and anxiety. It found that mindfulness meditation was effective for preventing acute anxiety attacks and maintaining long-term management of anxiety. Meditation improved quality of life by reducing symptoms, improving relationships, and decreasing reliance on healthcare services. Regular meditation practice facilitated anxiety reduction and improved psychological outcomes.
4. post traumatic stress disorder (ptsd) an overviewSuresh Rewar
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex mental disorder with psychological and emotional components, caused by exposure to single or repeated extreme traumatic events found in war, terrorist attacks, natural or man-caused disasters, and by violent personal assaults and accidents. In recent years, armed conflicts in the Middle East have resulted in high rates of exposure to traumatic events. Despite the increasing demand of mental health care provision, ongoing violence limits conventional approaches of mental health care provision. Internet-based interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have proved feasible and effective in Western countries, but their applicability and efficacy in war and conflict regions remains unknown. Despite clinical studies and improved understanding of the mechanisms of cellular damage, prevention and treatment strategies for patients with PTSD remain unsatisfactory. Posttraumatic stress disorder is a prevalent mental health problem associated with substantial psychiatric morbidity. To develop an improved plan for treating and impeding progression of PTSD, it is important to identify underlying biochemical
changes that may play key role in the initiation and progression of these disorders.
LRI05 - Self Help for Distress in Cancer - Is It Time For An RCT [Oct 2005]Alex J Mitchell
This is an academic presentation from 2005 outlining the case for a randomized controlled trial of a self-help programme to help people deal with distress and depression following the diagnosis of cancer
This document reviews different treatments for bipolar disorder, including medications and psychotherapy. It finds that lithium is the first-line pharmacological treatment for managing mania, while medications like carbamazepine and valproate are also effective. Family-focused therapy and psychoeducation are beneficial as they help patients and families manage the disorder. Cognitive behavioral therapy teaches skills to detect mood changes and prevent relapses. The best treatment combination includes lithium medication alongside family-focused therapy and psychoeducation.
Common Brain Mechanisms Between Pain & AddictionPaul Coelho, MD
This document summarizes a perspective on common brain mechanisms of chronic pain and addiction. It proposes that chronic pain involves neuroadaptations similar to those seen in addiction, including reward deficiency, impaired inhibitory control, incentive sensitization, aberrant learning, and anti-reward allostatic neuroadaptations. The document provides epidemiological context on the prevalence and costs of chronic pain. It then reviews models of reward and addiction neurobiology and discusses how chronic pain may disrupt normal hedonic homeostasis in a manner analogous to addiction through an allostatic load. The perspective aims to inform improved chronic pain treatment by drawing parallels to addiction theories and interventions.
This document reviews various treatment options for major depressive disorder (MDD), one of the most common clinical depressions. The three main treatment approaches discussed are: pharmacotherapy (typically antidepressants), psychotherapies (cognitive-behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy are most effective), and electroconvulsive therapy (recommended only for severe cases where other treatments haven't worked). Combined treatment of antidepressants and psychotherapy is found to have higher success rates than single treatments alone. While medications and therapies are usually first-line, electroconvulsive therapy may be considered for treatment-resistant MDD.
Efficacy Of Meditation In The Management Of Anxietydburr
This document summarizes a research study on the efficacy of meditation for treating anxiety disorders. The study reviewed 11 research studies on meditation and anxiety. It found that mindfulness meditation was effective for preventing acute anxiety attacks and maintaining long-term management of anxiety. Meditation improved quality of life by reducing symptoms, improving relationships, and decreasing reliance on healthcare services. Regular meditation practice facilitated anxiety reduction and improved psychological outcomes.
4. post traumatic stress disorder (ptsd) an overviewSuresh Rewar
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex mental disorder with psychological and emotional components, caused by exposure to single or repeated extreme traumatic events found in war, terrorist attacks, natural or man-caused disasters, and by violent personal assaults and accidents. In recent years, armed conflicts in the Middle East have resulted in high rates of exposure to traumatic events. Despite the increasing demand of mental health care provision, ongoing violence limits conventional approaches of mental health care provision. Internet-based interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have proved feasible and effective in Western countries, but their applicability and efficacy in war and conflict regions remains unknown. Despite clinical studies and improved understanding of the mechanisms of cellular damage, prevention and treatment strategies for patients with PTSD remain unsatisfactory. Posttraumatic stress disorder is a prevalent mental health problem associated with substantial psychiatric morbidity. To develop an improved plan for treating and impeding progression of PTSD, it is important to identify underlying biochemical
changes that may play key role in the initiation and progression of these disorders.
LRI05 - Self Help for Distress in Cancer - Is It Time For An RCT [Oct 2005]Alex J Mitchell
This is an academic presentation from 2005 outlining the case for a randomized controlled trial of a self-help programme to help people deal with distress and depression following the diagnosis of cancer
This document summarizes research on applying positive psychology to the treatment of substance use disorders. Several studies have found positive psychology interventions like gratitude exercises, mindfulness, and strengths-based assessment to be effective in increasing positive affect and reducing relapse. For example, one study found gratitude exercises interrupted negative thought patterns and increased optimism in those recovering from alcoholism. Another study found mindfulness training reduced opioid misuse and craving for those with chronic pain. Overall, the research suggests positive psychology shows promise in enhancing addiction treatment outcomes, though more research with larger sample sizes is still needed.
Anxiety and depression affect nearly every other condition and complaint in the body. Overwhelming stress can render conventional treatments useless. Acupuncture can restore balance, reduce the stress response, disrupt the pathways of stress and reduce the effects of overwhelming burdens so that doctors are able to effectively treat even their most difficult cases.
The document summarizes a randomized controlled trial that compared the efficacy of Complicated Grief Treatment (CGT) to Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) for treating complicated grief. 95 participants who met criteria for complicated grief were randomly assigned to receive either 16 sessions of CGT or IPT over 16-20 weeks. CGT was found to have a higher response rate (51% vs 28%) and faster time to response compared to IPT. The number needed to treat was 4.3, indicating CGT is an improved treatment for complicated grief over standard IPT.
ZMPCZM019000.11.04 Evidenced based guidelines for Migrane Headache : Behaviou...painezeeman
The document summarizes evidence from studies on behavioral and physical treatments for migraine headaches. It finds that relaxation training, thermal biofeedback plus relaxation training, EMG biofeedback therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy led to statistically significant improvements in headache frequency and severity, with effect sizes ranging from moderate to large. Combining cognitive-behavioral therapy with thermal biofeedback produced more modest improvements. Studies of acupuncture for migraines showed mixed results, with some finding it more effective than sham treatments and others finding no difference compared to sham interventions.
Neurotocism and maladaptive coping in patients with functional somatic syndro...Paul Coelho, MD
1) The study investigated neuroticism and maladaptive coping in patients with functional somatic syndromes (FSS) using data from a previous randomized controlled trial.
2) It found that patients with FSS showed higher levels of neuroticism than healthy groups. Neuroticism was linked to poorer physical health indirectly through symptom catastrophizing.
3) Treatment with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) reduced symptom catastrophizing, and this partially mediated the long-term improvement in outcomes from CBT. The results support a cognitive-behavioral model of FSS.
This document provides a summary of recent research on PTSD and related topics. It lists over 30 research articles and reports published in January 2016 covering a wide range of topics including PTSD treatment outcomes, the effects of combat deployment on mental health providers, the impact of stress and social support on military children, the diagnostic criteria of PTSD, masculinity and community reintegration in veterans with traumatic brain injury, and relationships between mental health issues like depression, substance abuse and suicide in military populations.
The document discusses home care for patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. It describes searching the PubMed database using keywords like "home care", "schizophrenia", and "bipolar disorder" which returned several results. The document then lists 41 references found in the PubMed search that relate to topics like quality of life for patients receiving home care versus hospital care, caregiver burden, and interventions to support families caring for patients at home.
Persistent pain is common in older adults and can cause functional impairment, falls, depression, decreased appetite, impaired sleep, and social isolation. The goal of pain treatment in the elderly is to reduce pain-related disability rather than just pain intensity and involves a multidisciplinary approach including patient education. Successful pain management requires an individualized approach considering physiological changes, comorbidities, and risks of drug interactions when selecting and dosing analgesics like acetaminophen, topical NSAIDs, opioids, and antineuropathic medications. Close monitoring is needed due to increased risk of side effects.
This document summarizes evidence from research studies on the effectiveness of biofeedback-based interventions for various health conditions, rating the level of evidence on a scale from 1 to 4. It finds level 1 evidence for biofeedback helping problems like anxiety, arthritis, asthma, chronic pain, diabetes and others. Higher levels of evidence (3-4) are found for biofeedback reducing headaches, high blood pressure, insomnia, irritable bowel syndrome and temporomandibular disorders. The strongest evidence is for randomized controlled trials comparing biofeedback to no treatment or an alternative.
Targeting abnormal neural circuits in mood and anxiety disorders:from the la...Kaan Y
My article presentation at the Journal Club on 22 January 2008
Targeting abnormal neural circuits in mood and anxiety disorders: from the laboratory to the clinic
Kerry J Ressler & Helen S Mayberg
VOLUME 10 NUMBER 9
SEPTEMBER 2007
1116-1124
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
For a free full text of the article:
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2444035
This document provides a literature review on the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) for patients with Bipolar Disorder (BD). It summarizes that while MBCT was not originally intended for BD patients, studies have found it can help reduce comorbid anxiety and depression for BD patients. Specifically, MBCT teaches skills to increase self-awareness of mood changes and manage distressing thoughts and emotions. However, the evidence is mixed, and more research is still needed comparing MBCT's effectiveness for different types of BD. Overall, MBCT shows promise as a supplemental treatment but its benefits for BD have not been conclusively determined.
This document provides an overview of pain management strategies presented by Dr. Jeff Higginbotham. It discusses the large number of Americans suffering from chronic non-cancer pain, costing billions in lost work and medical costs. Dr. Higginbotham outlines a multidisciplinary approach to pain management focusing on relieving suffering while preserving function through evidence-based strategies like medications, nerve blocks, rehabilitation, and coping techniques. The document also discusses challenges of treating chronic pain and the need for compassionate care, as well as new research targeting conditions like Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.
Pain is common in elderly patients, with osteoarthritis, neuropathies, and cancer being leading causes. It is often undertreated in this population due to attitudes that pain is normal with age and concerns about side effects of pain medications. A comprehensive assessment involves evaluating location, intensity, and impact of pain, as well as cognitive and functional status. Treatment should begin with non-pharmacological options and follow the WHO analgesic ladder when drugs are needed. Careful medication management is especially important due to changes in pharmacokinetics and risk of delirium. Effective pain control improves quality of life while communication between providers and education of patients and caregivers are also crucial.
The conundrum of opioid tapering in long term opioid therapy for chronic pain...Paul Coelho, MD
The document discusses the challenges clinicians face when tapering patients off long-term opioid therapy for chronic pain. It explains that opioid dependence can cause worsening pain, psychiatric symptoms, and functioning during tapering due to neuroplastic changes. While tapering seems logical to address risks of high-dose opioids, it may paradoxically make a patient's issues worse due to protracted abstinence syndrome. The document provides guidance for managing these complex patients focused on both pain and opioid dependence.
The document summarizes research on altered functional brain connectivity patterns related to anxiety and depression. It discusses types of anxiety like trait and state anxiety. Key differences between anxiety and depression are outlined. Signs and symptoms of anxiety disorders are described along with their underlying neural circuitry. One research paper is summarized in more detail, finding decreased effective connectivity from the inferior temporal gyrus to the amygdala and increased connectivity between the amygdala and visual cortices in social anxiety disorder patients compared to healthy controls based on a resting-state fMRI study.
Original aapb alba presentation 2-97-2003-march [autosaved] (2 - copyterrizucker
The document discusses the psychophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It begins by outlining PTSD criteria and epidemiology, noting high rates of comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders and physical illnesses. It then examines the role of traumatic events and subjective responses in the development of PTSD, concluding the cause has a psychophysiological basis. The document also explores biological abnormalities in PTSD related to the neurological, neuroendocrine, and autonomic nervous systems that may underlie chronicity and symptom severity. Specifically, it discusses low cortisol levels and heart rate variability as biomarkers of altered autonomic functioning in PTSD.
Pain in the elderly. How to better understand and rate it.Ross Finesmith M.D.
It is often difficult to determine the amount of pain an elderly person is experiencing.This is complicated by dementia and verbal impairment. This presentation describes helpful methods to assess pain in the elderly.
Here are some ways psychologists have found to measure pain:
1. Self-report measures: Asking patients directly about their pain levels through clinical interviews, questionnaires or visual analogue scales. Though subjective, self-report is still the most direct way to assess a patient's pain experience.
2. Psychometric measures: Validated questionnaires like the McGill Pain Questionnaire that assess multiple dimensions of pain like intensity, quality, location. They provide a more standardized assessment than simple self-reports.
3. Behavioral observation scales: Rating scales that assess observable indicators of pain levels through a patient's behaviors, facial expressions, movements which can help when self-report is difficult or not possible as with children or impaired adults.
The document discusses competencies in health sciences information and summarizes the results of a search on schizophrenia and residential or home care services. The search yielded 361 articles published in the last 10 years, of which 59 references were imported into RefWorks. The references are listed and include studies on quality of life for patients and relatives in Turkey, benefits of boarding home placement, a family intervention study in China, assessment of long-term psychotic patients in Australia, caregiver burden and coping in India, and nurses' attitudes towards clients with schizophrenia in Japan.
This document provides a summary of 3 key points:
1. The document discusses competencies in health sciences information and references a paper by Alejandro Jesús de Medina Moragas for a master's degree program.
2. It includes references to MESH (Medical Subject Headings) terms, which are used for indexing articles in PubMed.
3. The document ends by listing 41 references that relate to topics like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, caregiving, and community-based versus hospital-based mental healthcare.
This document summarizes research on applying positive psychology to the treatment of substance use disorders. Several studies have found positive psychology interventions like gratitude exercises, mindfulness, and strengths-based assessment to be effective in increasing positive affect and reducing relapse. For example, one study found gratitude exercises interrupted negative thought patterns and increased optimism in those recovering from alcoholism. Another study found mindfulness training reduced opioid misuse and craving for those with chronic pain. Overall, the research suggests positive psychology shows promise in enhancing addiction treatment outcomes, though more research with larger sample sizes is still needed.
Anxiety and depression affect nearly every other condition and complaint in the body. Overwhelming stress can render conventional treatments useless. Acupuncture can restore balance, reduce the stress response, disrupt the pathways of stress and reduce the effects of overwhelming burdens so that doctors are able to effectively treat even their most difficult cases.
The document summarizes a randomized controlled trial that compared the efficacy of Complicated Grief Treatment (CGT) to Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) for treating complicated grief. 95 participants who met criteria for complicated grief were randomly assigned to receive either 16 sessions of CGT or IPT over 16-20 weeks. CGT was found to have a higher response rate (51% vs 28%) and faster time to response compared to IPT. The number needed to treat was 4.3, indicating CGT is an improved treatment for complicated grief over standard IPT.
ZMPCZM019000.11.04 Evidenced based guidelines for Migrane Headache : Behaviou...painezeeman
The document summarizes evidence from studies on behavioral and physical treatments for migraine headaches. It finds that relaxation training, thermal biofeedback plus relaxation training, EMG biofeedback therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy led to statistically significant improvements in headache frequency and severity, with effect sizes ranging from moderate to large. Combining cognitive-behavioral therapy with thermal biofeedback produced more modest improvements. Studies of acupuncture for migraines showed mixed results, with some finding it more effective than sham treatments and others finding no difference compared to sham interventions.
Neurotocism and maladaptive coping in patients with functional somatic syndro...Paul Coelho, MD
1) The study investigated neuroticism and maladaptive coping in patients with functional somatic syndromes (FSS) using data from a previous randomized controlled trial.
2) It found that patients with FSS showed higher levels of neuroticism than healthy groups. Neuroticism was linked to poorer physical health indirectly through symptom catastrophizing.
3) Treatment with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) reduced symptom catastrophizing, and this partially mediated the long-term improvement in outcomes from CBT. The results support a cognitive-behavioral model of FSS.
This document provides a summary of recent research on PTSD and related topics. It lists over 30 research articles and reports published in January 2016 covering a wide range of topics including PTSD treatment outcomes, the effects of combat deployment on mental health providers, the impact of stress and social support on military children, the diagnostic criteria of PTSD, masculinity and community reintegration in veterans with traumatic brain injury, and relationships between mental health issues like depression, substance abuse and suicide in military populations.
The document discusses home care for patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. It describes searching the PubMed database using keywords like "home care", "schizophrenia", and "bipolar disorder" which returned several results. The document then lists 41 references found in the PubMed search that relate to topics like quality of life for patients receiving home care versus hospital care, caregiver burden, and interventions to support families caring for patients at home.
Persistent pain is common in older adults and can cause functional impairment, falls, depression, decreased appetite, impaired sleep, and social isolation. The goal of pain treatment in the elderly is to reduce pain-related disability rather than just pain intensity and involves a multidisciplinary approach including patient education. Successful pain management requires an individualized approach considering physiological changes, comorbidities, and risks of drug interactions when selecting and dosing analgesics like acetaminophen, topical NSAIDs, opioids, and antineuropathic medications. Close monitoring is needed due to increased risk of side effects.
This document summarizes evidence from research studies on the effectiveness of biofeedback-based interventions for various health conditions, rating the level of evidence on a scale from 1 to 4. It finds level 1 evidence for biofeedback helping problems like anxiety, arthritis, asthma, chronic pain, diabetes and others. Higher levels of evidence (3-4) are found for biofeedback reducing headaches, high blood pressure, insomnia, irritable bowel syndrome and temporomandibular disorders. The strongest evidence is for randomized controlled trials comparing biofeedback to no treatment or an alternative.
Targeting abnormal neural circuits in mood and anxiety disorders:from the la...Kaan Y
My article presentation at the Journal Club on 22 January 2008
Targeting abnormal neural circuits in mood and anxiety disorders: from the laboratory to the clinic
Kerry J Ressler & Helen S Mayberg
VOLUME 10 NUMBER 9
SEPTEMBER 2007
1116-1124
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
For a free full text of the article:
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2444035
This document provides a literature review on the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) for patients with Bipolar Disorder (BD). It summarizes that while MBCT was not originally intended for BD patients, studies have found it can help reduce comorbid anxiety and depression for BD patients. Specifically, MBCT teaches skills to increase self-awareness of mood changes and manage distressing thoughts and emotions. However, the evidence is mixed, and more research is still needed comparing MBCT's effectiveness for different types of BD. Overall, MBCT shows promise as a supplemental treatment but its benefits for BD have not been conclusively determined.
This document provides an overview of pain management strategies presented by Dr. Jeff Higginbotham. It discusses the large number of Americans suffering from chronic non-cancer pain, costing billions in lost work and medical costs. Dr. Higginbotham outlines a multidisciplinary approach to pain management focusing on relieving suffering while preserving function through evidence-based strategies like medications, nerve blocks, rehabilitation, and coping techniques. The document also discusses challenges of treating chronic pain and the need for compassionate care, as well as new research targeting conditions like Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.
Pain is common in elderly patients, with osteoarthritis, neuropathies, and cancer being leading causes. It is often undertreated in this population due to attitudes that pain is normal with age and concerns about side effects of pain medications. A comprehensive assessment involves evaluating location, intensity, and impact of pain, as well as cognitive and functional status. Treatment should begin with non-pharmacological options and follow the WHO analgesic ladder when drugs are needed. Careful medication management is especially important due to changes in pharmacokinetics and risk of delirium. Effective pain control improves quality of life while communication between providers and education of patients and caregivers are also crucial.
The conundrum of opioid tapering in long term opioid therapy for chronic pain...Paul Coelho, MD
The document discusses the challenges clinicians face when tapering patients off long-term opioid therapy for chronic pain. It explains that opioid dependence can cause worsening pain, psychiatric symptoms, and functioning during tapering due to neuroplastic changes. While tapering seems logical to address risks of high-dose opioids, it may paradoxically make a patient's issues worse due to protracted abstinence syndrome. The document provides guidance for managing these complex patients focused on both pain and opioid dependence.
The document summarizes research on altered functional brain connectivity patterns related to anxiety and depression. It discusses types of anxiety like trait and state anxiety. Key differences between anxiety and depression are outlined. Signs and symptoms of anxiety disorders are described along with their underlying neural circuitry. One research paper is summarized in more detail, finding decreased effective connectivity from the inferior temporal gyrus to the amygdala and increased connectivity between the amygdala and visual cortices in social anxiety disorder patients compared to healthy controls based on a resting-state fMRI study.
Original aapb alba presentation 2-97-2003-march [autosaved] (2 - copyterrizucker
The document discusses the psychophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It begins by outlining PTSD criteria and epidemiology, noting high rates of comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders and physical illnesses. It then examines the role of traumatic events and subjective responses in the development of PTSD, concluding the cause has a psychophysiological basis. The document also explores biological abnormalities in PTSD related to the neurological, neuroendocrine, and autonomic nervous systems that may underlie chronicity and symptom severity. Specifically, it discusses low cortisol levels and heart rate variability as biomarkers of altered autonomic functioning in PTSD.
Pain in the elderly. How to better understand and rate it.Ross Finesmith M.D.
It is often difficult to determine the amount of pain an elderly person is experiencing.This is complicated by dementia and verbal impairment. This presentation describes helpful methods to assess pain in the elderly.
Here are some ways psychologists have found to measure pain:
1. Self-report measures: Asking patients directly about their pain levels through clinical interviews, questionnaires or visual analogue scales. Though subjective, self-report is still the most direct way to assess a patient's pain experience.
2. Psychometric measures: Validated questionnaires like the McGill Pain Questionnaire that assess multiple dimensions of pain like intensity, quality, location. They provide a more standardized assessment than simple self-reports.
3. Behavioral observation scales: Rating scales that assess observable indicators of pain levels through a patient's behaviors, facial expressions, movements which can help when self-report is difficult or not possible as with children or impaired adults.
The document discusses competencies in health sciences information and summarizes the results of a search on schizophrenia and residential or home care services. The search yielded 361 articles published in the last 10 years, of which 59 references were imported into RefWorks. The references are listed and include studies on quality of life for patients and relatives in Turkey, benefits of boarding home placement, a family intervention study in China, assessment of long-term psychotic patients in Australia, caregiver burden and coping in India, and nurses' attitudes towards clients with schizophrenia in Japan.
This document provides a summary of 3 key points:
1. The document discusses competencies in health sciences information and references a paper by Alejandro Jesús de Medina Moragas for a master's degree program.
2. It includes references to MESH (Medical Subject Headings) terms, which are used for indexing articles in PubMed.
3. The document ends by listing 41 references that relate to topics like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, caregiving, and community-based versus hospital-based mental healthcare.
This document provides a summary of 3 key points:
1. The document discusses competencies in health sciences information and lists MESH terms related to the topic.
2. It provides references to 41 sources on topics related to caring for patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other mental illnesses at home.
3. The references cover issues like family burden, community support programs, and interventions to help caregivers manage patients' conditions at home.
Music Thera-PTSD - SS - 3.12.21 - Presentationthe2slayers
Hayden Ton and Ryan Wertz presented on music therapy for PTSD. They defined PTSD based on the DSM-V criteria, and discussed intrusive symptoms, avoidance behaviors, negative thoughts and mood changes, and arousal symptoms. They explained that music therapy can help reduce PTSD symptoms by promoting neuron growth and activation of brain regions related to well-being. A local nonprofit, Boise Hive, was featured that uses music therapy and counseling to help prevent suicide. Research on music therapy for PTSD is growing, analyzing quantitative measures and comparing music therapies to traditional treatments.
1) Emergency service workers such as police, firefighters, and paramedics have high risks of experiencing PTSD due to experiencing violence, rape, sexual assaults, and other traumatic events in their work.
2) PTSD can negatively affect the family of emergency workers through their partners and marriages by causing symptoms in the worker like anxiety that spills over to family life.
3) Resilient personality traits, optimism, and ego resilience can help prevent PTSD, as can treatment methods involving therapy, anxiety management techniques, cognitive behavioral exposure, and sometimes medication.
1) Emergency service workers such as police, firefighters, and paramedics have high risks of experiencing PTSD due to experiencing violence, rape, sexual assaults, and other traumatic events in their work.
2) PTSD can negatively affect the family of emergency workers through their partners and marriages by causing symptoms in the worker like anxiety that spills over to family life.
3) Resilient personality traits, optimism, and ego resilience can help prevent PTSD, as can treatment methods involving therapy, anxiety management techniques, cognitive behavioral exposure, and sometimes medication.
This document discusses self-soothing skills that can be used by social workers and their clients. It covers mindful breathing techniques involving slowing one's breath rate to around 6 breaths per minute. It also discusses mindfulness, which involves non-judgmentally noticing one's breath and distractions. Evidence is provided for using biofeedback and mindfulness-based stress reduction. The document also discusses labyrinth walking as a way to release, receive, reflect, and integrate. Finally, it mentions visualizing success from different angles as a self-soothing technique.
Psychological Problems Faced By People Living With HIV in the Era of Combinat...paperpublications3
This study examined the psychological problems faced by people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in southern India. The researchers assessed depression and anxiety levels in 100 HIV-positive patients using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). They found that 77.4% of patients showed symptoms of depression and 88.7% showed symptoms of anxiety. Male patients had significantly higher levels of depression and anxiety than female patients. The high prevalence of depression and anxiety among PLWHA underscores the need for mental health screening and support services to be integrated into HIV/AIDS care programs.
Women’s Mental Health in Athens: The first 10 years (2003-2013)hellenic-psych
This document provides information about Iannis Zervas, the director of the Women's Mental Health Clinic in Athens, Greece. Over the past 20 years, Zervas has served on advisory boards for several pharmaceutical companies and given lectures sponsored by industry. He has also received research grants from pharmaceutical companies. The document then discusses the establishment and functions of the Women's Mental Health Clinic, including its patient population, research programs, publications, and areas of focus such as perinatal mental health, menopause, depression, and consultation-liaison psychiatry.
The document discusses six approaches to understanding personality and depression:
1) Psychoanalytic approach sees depression as anger turned inward due to influences of the id, ego, and superego.
2) Trait approach views depression as influenced by traits like neuroticism and extraversion.
3) Biological approach suggests some are genetically predisposed to depression due to chemical imbalances in the brain like serotonin.
4) Humanistic approach sees depression relating to negative self-concept and lack of self-worth.
5) Behavioral/social learning approach thinks depression stems from a lack of positive reinforcement in one's life.
6) Cognitive approach views depression as caused by negative thought patterns and interpretations.
The document discusses approaches to treating behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). It notes that understanding the underlying cause of BPSD is key to directing the appropriate treatment. While antipsychotics have the best evidence for treating BPSD, they are associated with increased risks of death and side effects in patients with dementia. Non-pharmacological treatments and an assessment of potential causes should be considered before prescribing medications for BPSD. The next presentation will provide an overview of non-pharmacological treatment approaches.
This document presents research findings on the health benefits of Transcendental Meditation (TM) practice. Studies have found that TM is more effective at reducing trait anxiety than other relaxation techniques or meditation practices. TM has also been shown to reduce symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder more than mindfulness meditation. Additional research demonstrates that TM lowers the risks of heart attack, stroke and death by reducing stress and improving cardiovascular health. The American Heart Association recommends TM as the only meditation practice with evidence for lowering blood pressure.
The document provides evidence from multiple randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses that the Transcendental Meditation technique significantly reduces trait anxiety, stress, PTSD symptoms, insulin resistance, and atherosclerosis more than other relaxation techniques or mindfulness meditation. Lowering of blood pressure and reduced rates of death, heart attack and stroke have also been observed in long-term practitioners of Transcendental Meditation. The American Heart Association recommends Transcendental Meditation as the only meditation practice with evidence to lower blood pressure.
This document summarizes psychiatric disorders that are more prevalent in HIV-infected patients compared to the general population. It discusses how psychiatric illness can both increase the risk of HIV infection and negatively impact outcomes for HIV patients. Common psychiatric issues in HIV patients include depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and mania. Screening tools and treatment options are also reviewed.
Mental Illness And The Aging PresentationLisawhitten
Mental illness is often misdiagnosed or left untreated in the aging population due to the misconception that it is a normal part of aging. This can lead to increased suicide rates, social issues if left untreated, and a lack of treatment options. Proper screening for mental illness during regular doctor's visits through questionnaires can help identify issues earlier and refer patients to specialists. Increased education is needed for both patients and practitioners regarding mental illness and treatment in the elderly.
Culture, religion, and socioeconomic status can influence one's perspective on the value of psychotherapy in several ways. Some cultures or religious groups may favor therapy over medication or reject mental health treatment altogether. Socioeconomic factors are also closely tied to health literacy and willingness to engage in therapy. For treatment to be effective, therapists must account for how these systemic influences shape a client's lived experience and willingness to participate in the therapeutic process.
I need a response to this assignment2 references zero plagia.docxsamirapdcosden
I need a response to this assignment
2 references
zero plagiarism
Does psychotherapy have a biological basis?
In a word, yes. Psychotherapy has a solid basis in biological processes. Changes in thought processes can be linked to changes in the structure or function of neural activity (Stahl, 2013). Numerous imaging and functional scanning studies demonstrate that psychotherapy changes how the brain functions, and these changes can be demonstrated on a biological level. A few of these studies are highlighted here to illustrate the point.
A systematic review by Zantvoord, Diehle, & Lindauer (2013) identified 16 studies that examined brain imaging with PTSD patients receiving trauma-processing therapies including TF-CBT and EMDR. The studies reviewed showed various biological factors at play including increased activity in the mid-prefrontal cortex and decreased activity in the amygdala following TF-CBT (Zantvoord, Diehle, & Lindauer, 2013). Furthermore, Lindauer et al. (2008) showed that following TF-CBT, the neural circuitry of working memory in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex showed decreased activity. Disturbances in this brain region appears to play a part in the development and maintenance of PTSD (Lindauer et al, 2008).
Too many studies demonstrate the biological basis of therapy to give a solid accounting of this evidence. Thome et al (2016) compared the use of psychotherapy versus pharmacology to help reduce anxiety in reconsolidation phases of traumatic memories. The reality that both therapy and pharmacologic agents can produce similar results demonstrates that therapy has a biological component. Even (traditionally) less structured forms of therapy such as psychodynamic therapy has been shown through brain imaging to change the structure and function of neural pathways (Abbass, Nowoweiski, Bernier, Tarzwell, & Beutel, 2014).
The summation of evidence that psychotherapy can alter the chemistry, structure, and function of the brain makes it clear that psychotherapeutic interventions are an important aspect of effective treatment for mental disorders.
Explain how culture, religion, and socioeconomics might influence one’s perspective of the value of psychotherapy treatments.
Culture, religion, and socioeconomic status are active influences in people’s lives, so these factors will inherently have influence on the choices people are willing to consider. Some cultures may believe more in therapy than in pharmacology, as may certain religious groups. Some religious groups may shun all forms of mental health intervention believing that these illnesses reflect a lack of faith or misunderstanding of how to bring life into balance.
All three of these specific factors have systemic impacts that can influence a patient’s willingness to engage in psychotherapy, and this can limit the potential gains from therapy if the patient is hesitant to participate (.
I need a response to this assignment2 references zero plagia.docx
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