Ephraim McDowell was a surgeon who in 1809 performed the first elective laparotomy, making him a pioneer in abdominal surgery. He opened the abdominal cavity and removed an ovarian tumor, demonstrating that operations on the abdomen were possible and could be successful. This landmark surgery established McDowell as the father of abdominal surgery and paved the way for future advances.

1. Addome Ephraim McDowell (1771-1830) The first surgeon to perform an elective laparotomy, in 1809

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