Action Research for Educators Assignment Data Literacy and Action Research (P-12) Response to the following questions below: Using 300 words. APA style and reference. 1. How is data used in your educational setting? In your classroom? Be sure to include types of data that is collected, who sees the data, how decisions are made for the findings from the data.  2. How might you or your educational setting improve the use of data? 3. In what ways have you changed the way you think about data literacy for continuous P-12 educational improvement? What can you do to start moving your organization toward greater data literacy?  4. How does data literacy support Action Research? Helpful Reference Mandinach, E. B., & Gummer, E. S. (2016). Data literacy for educators:  Making it count in teacher preparation and practice. New York, NY: Teachers College Press. Aghakhani, N., Lagzian, F., & Hazarika, B. (2013). The role of personal digital library in supporting research collaboration. The Electronic Library, 31(5), 548–560. Efron, S. E., & Ravid, R. (2013). Action research in education: A practical guide. New York, NY: The Guilford Press. Leadership theories attempt to explain what leaders are, how they become leaders, and what makes them useful. Vast scopes of explanations include trait, biology, learned skill, and psychological attempting to address the mystery of leadership. One conclusion from the study of leadership exploits no theorists concur on a definition of leadership or what makes a leader a leader.  The Bible address all the of the above challenges with current and historical arguments of leadership theory. Moreover, the Bible argues that all of the above apply to understand leadership and adds two spiritual elements. The first element is as a servant leader; the leader looks to serve as "Christ served His church." Christ lived gave His life for all who believe. The second element is calling. God calls individuals to lead and ordains them in this calling.              Leadership then is a combination of traits, biology, personality, skill, psychology, and calling to serve in this capacity. The imago dei principle could explain the traits and biological aspects. Since people are made in God's image, He imparts the ‘genes' of leadership. It is the same as creativity and relationship. People have a propensity due to this imparting of the Father's characteristics. God uses external forces to shape the calling. He then makes provision for skill, mental ability, and personality needed to lead. Leadership then is a dependency on Christ. Biblical leadership is not building a kingdom for self             In the 1 Kings 16:21-28 the history of King Omri is recounted. Omri was an impressive leader. He was able to obtain peace with Judah for several years. He expanded Israel and the trade routes. Economically Israel experienced a time of prospering and enrichment. The Assyrians held him with adoration and recorded his achievements in their rec.

1. Action Research for Educators
Assignment
Data Literacy and Action Research (P-12)
Response to the following questions below: Using 300 words.
APA style and reference.
1. How is data used in your educational setting? In your
classroom? Be sure to include types of data that is collected,
who sees the data, how decisions are made for the findings from
the data.
2. How might you or your educational setting improve the use
of data?
3. In what ways have you changed the way you think about data
literacy for continuous P-12 educational improvement? What
can you do to start moving your organization toward greater
data literacy?
4. How does data literacy support Action Research?
Helpful Reference
Mandinach, E. B., & Gummer, E. S. (2016). Data literacy for
educators: Making it count in teacher preparation and practice.
New York, NY: Teachers College Press.
Aghakhani, N., Lagzian, F., & Hazarika, B. (2013). The role of
personal digital library in supporting research collaboration.
The Electronic Library, 31(5), 548–560.
Efron, S. E., & Ravid, R. (2013). Action research in education:
A practical guide. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

2. Leadership theories attempt to explain what leaders are, how
they become leaders, and what makes them useful. Vast scopes
of explanations include trait, biology, learned skill, and
psychological attempting to address the mystery of leadership.
One conclusion from the study of leadership exploits no
theorists concur on a definition of leadership or what makes a
leader a leader.
The Bible address all the of the above challenges with current
and historical arguments of leadership theory. Moreover, the
Bible argues that all of the above apply to understand leadership
and adds two spiritual elements. The first element is as a
servant leader; the leader looks to serve as "Christ served His
church." Christ lived gave His life for all who believe. The
second element is calling. God calls individuals to lead and
ordains them in this calling.
Leadership then is a combination of traits, biology,
personality, skill, psychology, and calling to serve in this
capacity. The imago dei principle could explain the traits and
biological aspects. Since people are made in God's image, He
imparts the ‘genes' of leadership. It is the same as creativity and
relationship. People have a propensity due to this imparting of
the Father's characteristics. God uses external forces to shape
the calling. He then makes provision for skill, mental ability,
and personality needed to lead. Leadership then is a dependency
on Christ.
Biblical leadership is not building a kingdom for self
In the 1 Kings 16:21-28 the history of King Omri is
recounted. Omri was an impressive leader. He was able to
obtain peace with Judah for several years. He expanded Israel
and the trade routes. Economically Israel experienced a time of
prospering and enrichment. The Assyrians held him with
adoration and recorded his achievements in their records as well
as modern archeologists (Chapman, 2017; Merida, 2015). Omri
appeared to operate out of leader-member exchange from a
hierarchical perspective. This observation is based on his ability

3. to build a strong follower group and relationships with other
countries through marriages. He was willing to make exchanges
that were mutually beneficial which seems to fit the profile of
this theory.
Every CEO, executive, and legislature would have
marked Omri worthy of following and emulating. There was one
significant flaw with this king. He did not attribute his success
to God's grace and provisions. His center of worship was on the
approval of people. A weight his heart could not take. The Bible
states his heart was full of evil. This kind of evil is a silent
seducer. This seducer is like cancer that is rapid, painless, and
undetected until too late. This sickness would take his life, and
his tragedy is what God uses to quicken the hearts of leaders to
seek dependence on Him. It is a thread woven into the greater
promise that a King would come as promised to Israel. A King
would come that could not be tempted by the seduction of
power and glory of people.
Biblical leadership always leads towards the Savior
Biblical leadership is selfless servanthood. The leader
is in the image of God, and therefore has the traits, biology, and
mental ability pre-disposition. The Holy Spirit is the internal
force that unlocks the skill and ability through training and
calling. Selfless servanthood is relationally focused. God is the
relationship. As such, leaders seek to tether others to Christ so
that they no longer "thirst." These leaders are not seeking to
gain glory, financial gain, big houses, large boats, or any other
item that will perish. Christ may very well allow leaders to gain
material things, but they should be tithed to God. In this sense,
everything earned should be placed at the foot of Christ to
determine how the resource He gave is to be redistributed. Omri
did not do any of these with what God blessed him.
Selfless servanthood is not to be mistaken for weakness.
There is a more significant burden of accountability for Biblical
leaders. God's people are called to speak truth with love. They
are called to confront social and spiritual injustices. The new
theory is emerging focused on the Biblical application of being

4. selfless in serving others (Agoncillo & Borromeo, 2014). Early
findings suggest the difficulty leaders have becoming selfless
and following the ideas attached (Brooks, 2014). Omri may
have acted in this way in many instances on the surface. He
acted against God’s will and His laws by not worshiping the one
true God. He worshipped his power and his glory here on earth