1. Presented by
Gayatri Kindo
Reg. No.: 13010359
Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering
Batch of 2013-17
Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology (VSSUT), Burla.
ISO 9001,14001 &
OHSAS 18001
CERTIFIED

2. • Apart from our educational curriculum, it’s important to have some
scale of knowledge on some particular topics which are related to
vocational techniques and which helps us to prepare ourselves for the
possible technical exposures in the future.
• As an engineering undergraduate student, we need to know the skills in
order to keep ourselves updated on our studied lessons in a practical
basis.
• Many reputed institutes provide short/ medium/ long term courses on
some particular fields according to branch/trade.
Introduction

3. • This summer, I preferred doing summer courses on Industrial
Automation (Programmable Logic Control) and VLSI design at Central
Tool and Training Centre(CTTC), Bhubaneswar.
• This institution is a sub-department cum initiative of MSME(Ministry of
Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises, Govt. of India., AS 9100,ISO
9001,29990,14001,50001 & OHSAS 18001 Certified.)
• It is one of the best tool and training centres across India serving nation
in Aerospace Engineering i.e., designing and manufacturing valves,
gears, fuel controlling valves for Indian Air Force, ISRO, DRDO aerospace
crafts.
• Apart from that, it also provides vocational courses on more than 15
different topics of 10 branches/trades for Diploma and B. Tech students.
Introduction

5. • Automation Overview, Industrial Automation
• Automation Hierarchy and Applications, Industrial Process Control.Lesson 1: Automation
• Line Diagrams, Switches and Sensors, Control Relays
• Magnetic Contactor and Starters, Motor Control Sensors
• Encoders, Transducers and Advanced Sensors, Timers.
Lesson 2: Basics of
Control Components
• Introduction to PLC System, Number Systems
• Programming A PLC for S7-300, LAD logic for S7-300 & S7-400 Programming
• Function Block Diagram (FBD)
Lesson 3:
Programmable Logic Control
(PLC)
Course Outline: Industrial Automation

6. • Pneumatics, Pneumatics and Control Systems Development
• Structure and Signal Flow of Pneumatic Systems
• Single Acting Cylinders, Double Acting Cylinders, 3/2 Valve, 5/2 Valve, 7/2 Valve,
Shuttle Valve, Dual Pressure Valve etc.
Lesson 4:Pneumatics
• Electro-pneumatics System, Sensors
• Component Classifications
• European Ladder Logic Symbols
Lesson 5: Electro-
pneumatics
Course Outline: Industrial Automation

7. Objectives
To develop a basic concept on Automotion
Various applications of Electro-mechanical
components
Automation through PLC and Pneumatics

8. Through out the course, I was part of a team of five members. Together we
performed many experiments. Performed experiments are:
1. Switching with toggle switch, SPST, SPDT, DPDT switches
2. Relays, Contactors and Latching in Hardware
3. LAD logic working on a hardware panel using S7-300 trainer kit
4. FBD logic working on a hardware panel using S7-300 trainer kit
5. STL logic working on a hardware panel using S7-300 trainer kit
6. Pneumatics introduction: Direct and Indirect methods using Single acting
cylinders, Double acting cylinders, Dual pressure valve and Shuttle valves
7. Electropneumatics: Automation using switching devices and basic pneumatic

9. PLC Program
LAD
(Ladder Logic)
STL
(Statement
Logic)
FBD
(Function Block
Diagram)
PLC Programming

10. • The degree of complexity of a PLC program depends on the complexity
of the application, the number and the type of input and output
devices, and the type of instructions used.
• LAD( Ladder Logic) is one programming language used with PLCs.
Ladder logic incorporates programming functions that are graphically
displayed to resemble symbols used in hardwired control diagrams.
• STL(Statement List) instructions include an operation and an operand.
The operating to be performed is shown on the left. The operand, the
item to be operated on, is shown on the right.
• FBD(Function Block Diagrams) include rectangular function blocks with
inputs shown on the left side of the rectangle and the outputs are
shown on the right side.

11. PLC Programming
I0.0
MOVE
EN EN0
IN OUTMW10 MD10
A I 0.0
JNB _001
L MW 10
T MD 10
_001: NOP 0
(LAD Program Code for conversion of data
from word to double)
(STL Equivalent)

12. After done with writing codes for electrical/electronics power circuit, it was the time to
implement those on S7-300 trainer kit by means of the same software SIMATIC MANAGER.
We were taught to :
1. Starting the SIMATIC MANAGER and creating a project.
2. The Project Structure in SIMATIC MANAGER.
3. Navigating the Project Structure.
4. Symbolic Programming
5. Creating a Program in OB1.
6. The LAD/STL/FBD Program Window.
7. Programming
8. Configuring the Central Rack,
9. Downloading and Debugging the Program (Testing the Program with Program Status and
Variables)
PLC Programming

13. • Pneumatics is solely based upon application of compressed air to control
machinery and installation necessities of a complex logic interconnection of
statuses and switching conditions.
• The technological progress made in material, design and production
processes has further improved the quality and diversity of pneumatic
components and contributed to their wide-spread use in Automation.
• During the course, we were introduced to some of the cylinders and special
components used in both pneumatics and electro-pneumatics just as enough
as the basic clues.
• Such as- Single Acting Cylinders, Double Acting Cylinders, Telescopic
Cylinders, Seals and Bearings,
Pneumatics and Electro-pneumatics

14. Valves
3/2 Way Valve
Ball Bearing Seat, NC
position
Disk Seat, NC
position
Disk Seat, NO
position
Single Valve, NC
position
4/2 Way Valve Disk
Seat
4/3 Way Valve Mid
Position Closed
5/2 Way Valve
Double Pilot Valve,
Pneumatically
Actuated Both Sides
Double Pilot Valve,
Suspended Disk Seat
5/3 Way Valve Other Valves
Dual Pressure Valve
Shuttle Valve
Flow Control Valve
Non Return and
Quick Exhaust

15. • The classroom-cum-practical lab is a fully air-conditioned SmartClass
consisting nearly 40 systems on desks with three S7-300 PLC Trainer Kit
of Siemens each worth of approx. ₹ 3 Lakhs, which has to be
programmed through a particular software named “SIMATIC MANAGER
v5.1”, with the help of a power supply and an adapter. It is similar to the
program uploading of various micro-controller board and other program
controlled modules.
Method of Teaching and Lab Facilities :

16. • Along with that, it also consists of a Drive
Control Module of 4KW and a Festo
Pneumatic EduDemo Board.
• Instructor after thoroughly going through the
lessons, instructs every one to operate and
control practical boards during lab practical
with proper precautions.
Method of Teaching and Lab Facilities:

18. • VLSI, Digital Gates and Logics
• Digital Circuits
• Design Process, Design Flow, Classifications
Lesson 1: Introduction
• DSch3
• MicroWind
• Xilinx
• Altera
Lesson 2:VLSI Software
• CMOS Technology, Development History
• Structure of CMOS
• CMOS Circuit
Lesson 3: MOS
Technology
Course Outline: VLSI Design

19. • Physical Design
• Wafer formation
• Fabrication Process
Lesson 4: CMOS Layout
Design
• VHDL, Syntax of VHDL, Xilinx
• Verilog HDL, Syntax of Verilog HDL, Altera
Lesson 5:Hardware
Description Language
• PLD
• Types of PLD, FPGA
• Hardware implementations
Lesson 6: Hardware
Devices
Course Outline: VLSI Design

20. Basics
Digital
Gates &
Circuits ICDesign
CMOS
Circuits
Schematic
Design
ComplexICsandHDL
HDL &
Hardware
Devices
Subjects taught in Sequential Manner:

21. Dsch and MicroWind are circuit design compilers
while Xilinx and Altera are Hardware Description
Language based compilers.
Dsch is digital gate and circuit design based
software but MicroWind is based upon CMOS
design.
Both Altera and Xilinx are compilers except the fact
that Xilinx supports both VHDL and Verilog HDL.
DifferentSoftwaresusedforVLSI..

22. • Upon the completion of Hardware Description Language programming ,
we were given FPGA boards of Xilinx Student Version (SPARTAN-3E FPGA
XC35500E) for practical purpose. Each of it costs around ₹ 95,000/-,
which comes with a Power Supply cord and JTAG (Special Adapter
Cable) .
• All we had to do was to write VHDL programs of different complex
circuits and verify outputs on the FPGA Board giving inputs by means of
DIP Toggle Switches(inbuilt) .
Activities on VLSI :

23. • Firstly we were taught on historical evolution of VLSI.
• VLSI stands for “Very Large Scale of Integration”. This is the field which
involves packing more logic devices into smaller and smaller areas. Thanks to
VLSI, circuits that would have taken board full of space can now be put into a
small space of some few millimetres. Now technocrats can put many different
difficult and complex functionalities into the ICs, opening up new possibilities.
Examples are – Embedded Systems, through which you can monitor your
burned calories and heartbeat… just with pair of a shoes or a sporty bracelet.

24. • It is a schematic editing software.
• It has user friendly environment for rapid design of logic circuits.
• Supports hierarchical logic design.
• Compatible with Spice and WinSpice.
• Generates a Verilog description of the schematic for direct compiling
into layout.
• Immediate access to symbol properties.
• Submicron, deep-submicron, nanoscale technology support.

25. • Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor(CMOS) is a major class of
integrated circuits. This technology is widely used in microprocessors,
microcontrollers, static RAM and other digital logic circuits.
• In terms of advanced analog circuits like image sensors, data converters
and highly integrated transceivers for many types of communication.
• MicroWind software is a handy application for CMOS level design.
• Design is based on λ. According to the rules permitted width between
spacings of different material should not be less than 2 λ.

26. Xilinx ISE 14.1 Programming Panel

27. Verilog Programming, Verilog Test
Fixture and RTL Schematic on
Xilinx…

28. • Syllabus for these trainings were absolutely appropriate.
• Through out the session, important points from each lessons were covered
properly.
• In my opinion, successful completion of course was due to these factors:
▫ Course Materials
▫ Regular Tasks and Assignments
▫ SmartClass
▫ Youthful, enthusiastic interaction between teachers and students.
▫ Immediate practicals on the applications of freshly-covered subjects.
So, I think spending my whole summer to learn something new is worth of
investing holidays for a better outcome.
Summary of Training

29. • In the last days of sessions, sometimes we observed the rush of teachers to
complete their course of teaching, which sometimes became an obstacle to
correlate the links of previous chapter to a new one.
• Reason is obvious. We engineering undergrad students don’t have enough
time required to complete the most basic portions of a course properly since
our educational curriculum doesn’t allow that much time gap.
• But it was overall good compared to the probable completion of a long term
course within that much period.
• At the end of the course, we were given many tasks to evaluate our learning
of those few days and it was really good to see that how a vocational practical
session can be so much interesting through right methods and friendly
interactions.
Assessment and Evaluation

30. Conclusion:
• To sum up, overall experience at CTTC, Bhubaneswar was very good and inspiring
as a trainee.
• My Ratings are: 4.7 Stars out of 5.
• Most importantly, the major and real industrial applications of these subjects
enthralled me as it is fun learning the essentials involved in the whole process.
• Not only it helped me to acquire the basics, but also provided a measure to re-
evaluate my knowledge on those subjects.
So I think we need upgradation of our learning process. Compared to CTTC,
we can have an excellent technical foundation if we are given proper equipments
with experts. We have a whole semester and with these, we can learn more facts
and techniques to cope up with upcoming challenges to apply these in real life
applications….

31. Thanks for watching
this presentation..
Have a nice day!!

32. Source Acknowledgement:
Image Courtesy:
Personal Camera.
gayatrikindo@gmail.com