A Minute Against Slavery, Addressed to Germantown Monthly Meet.docx
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A Minute Against Slavery, Addressed to Germantown Monthly Meeting, 1688. This is to ye Monthly Meeting held at Richard Worrell's. These are the reasons why we are against the traffick of men-body, as foloweth. Is there any that would be done or handled at this manner? viz., to be sold or made a slave for all the time of his life? How fearful and faint-hearted are many on sea, when they see a strange vessel, - being afraid it should be a Turk, and they should be taken, and sold for slaves into Turkey. Now what is this better done, as Turks doe? Yea, rather it is worse for them, which say they are Christians; for we hear that ye most part of such negers are brought hither against their will and consent,and that many of them are stolen. Now, tho they are black, we can not conceive there is more liberty to have them slaves, as it is to have other white ones. There is a saying that we shall doe to all men like as we will be done ourselves; making no difference of what generation, descent or colour they are. And those who steal or robb men, and those who buy or purchase them, are they not all alike? Here is liberty of conscience wch is right and reasonable; here ought to be liberty of ye body, except of evil-doers,wch is an other case. But to bring men hither, or to rob and sell them against their will, we stand against. In Europe there are many oppressed for conscience sake; and here there are those oppressed wh are of a black colour. And we who know than men must not comitt adultery, - some do committ adultery, in separating wives from their husbands and giving them to others; and some sell the children of these poor creatures to other men. Ah! doe consider will this thing, you who doe it, if you would be done at this manner? And if it is done according to Christianity? You surpass Holland and Germany in this thing. This makes an ill report in all those countries of Europe, where they hear of, that ye Quakers doe here handel men as they handel there ye cattle. And for that reason some have no mind or inclination to come hither. And who shall maintain this your cause, or pleid for it. Truly we can not do so, except you shall inform us better hereof, viz., that Christians have liberty to practise these things. rray, what thing in the world can be done worse towards us, than if men should rob or steal us away, and sell us for slaves to strange countries; separating husbands from their wives and children. Being now that this is not done in the manner we would be done at therefore we contradict and are against this traffic of men-body. And we who profess that is is not lawful to steal, must, likewise, avoid to purchase such things as are stolen, but rather help to stop this robbing and stealing if possible. And such men ought to be delivered out of ye hands of ye robbers,and set free as well as in Europe. Then is rennsylvania to have a good report, instead it hath now a bad one for this sake in other c.
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In the following packet and Reading the American Past you wi
In the following packet and
Reading the American Past
you will find 5 documents, each written by colonists living in different times, at different places, and with different cultural backgrounds. However, all share similarities as they deal with European attitudes regarding Native Americans. For the purpose of this essay, your task, in 3-4 pages (double spaced, size 12 Times New Roman), is to search for and analyze the common themes that appear in all 5 documents. How do attitudes towards Native Americans vary by culture and region? How do colonists propose dealing with Indians? What role does religion play in shaping these attitudes? Finally, what place do these documents envisage for Native Americans in colonial society?
Requerimiento, 1514
This document was required to be read aloud to natives by Spanish Conquistadors before engaging in any act of conquest. Often times this was done without translation into the local dialect.
On behalf of the king and the queen, subjugators of barbarous peoples, we, their servants, notify and make known to you as best we are able, that God, Our Lord, living and eternal, created the heavens and the earth, and a man and a woman, of whom you and we and all other people of the world were, and are, the descendants. Because of the great numbers of people who have come from the union of these two in the five thousand year, which have run their course since the world was created, it became necessary that some should go in one direction and that others should go in another. Thus they became divided into many kingdoms and many provinces, since they could not all remain or sustain themselves in one place.
Of all these people God, Our Lord, chose one, who was called Saint Peter, to be the lord and the one who was to be superior to all the other people of the world, whom all should obey. He was to be the head of the entire human race, wherever men might exist. God gave him the world for his kingdom and jurisdiction. God also permitted him to be and establish himself in any other part of the world to judge and govern all peoples, whether Christian, Moors, Jew, Gentiles, or those of any other sects and beliefs that there might be. He was called the Pope. One of the past Popes who succeeded Saint Peter, as Lord of the Earth gave these islands and Mainland's of the Ocean Sea [the Atlantic Ocean] to the said King and Queen and to their successors, with everything that there is in them, as is set forth in certain documents which were drawn up regarding this donation in the manner described, which you may see if you so desire.
In consequence, Their Highnesses are Kings and Lords of these islands and mainland by virtue of said donation. Certain other isles and almost all [the native peoples] to whom this summons has been read have accepted Their Highnesses as such Kings and Lords, and have served, and serve, them as their subjects as they should, and must, do, with good will and without offering any resistance. You ...
Page 1 of 15What to the Slave is the Fourth of July F.docx
Page 1 of 15
What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?
Frederick Douglass
July 5, 1852
(What follows is an abridged version. Abridged by Janet Gillespie, Director of Programming,
Community Change. The complete text may be found at: http://masshumanities.org/programs/douglass/)
Mr. President, Friends and Fellow Citizens:
…This, for the purpose of this celebration, is the 4th of July. It is the birthday of your
National Independence, and of your political freedom. This, to you, is what the Passover
was to the emancipated people of God. It carries your minds back to the day, and to the
act of your great deliverance; and to the signs, and to the wonders, associated with that
act, and that day. This celebration also marks the beginning of another year of your
national life; and reminds you that the Republic of America is now 76 years old. I am
glad, fellow-citizens, that your nation is so young. Seventy-six years, though a good old
age for a man, is but a mere speck in the life of a nation. Three score years and ten is the
allotted time for individual men; but nations number their years by thousands. According
to this fact, you are, even now, only in the beginning of your national career, still
lingering in the period of childhood. I repeat, I am glad this is so. There is hope in the
thought, and hope is much needed, under the dark clouds which lower above the horizon.
…
…Fellow-citizens, I shall not presume to dwell at length on the associations that cluster
about this day. The simple story of it is that, 76 years ago, the people of this country were
British subjects. The style and title of your "sovereign people" (in which you now glory)
was not then born. You were under the British Crown. Your fathers esteemed the English
Government as the home government; and England as the fatherland. This home
government, you know, although a considerable distance from your home, did, in the
exercise of its parental prerogatives, impose upon its colonial children, such restraints,
burdens and limitations, as, in its mature judgment, it deemed wise, right and proper.
But, your fathers, who had not adopted the fashionable idea of this day, of the infallibility
of government, and the absolute character of its acts, presumed to differ from the home
government in respect to the wisdom and the justice of some of those burdens and
restraints. They went so far in their excitement as to pronounce the measures of
government unjust, unreasonable, and oppressive, and altogether such as ought not to be
quietly submitted to. I scarcely need say, fellow-citizens, that my opinion of those
measures fully accords with that of your fathers…Feeling themselves harshly and unjustly
treated by the home government, your fathers, like men of honesty, and men of spirit,
earnestly sought redress. They petitioned and remonstrated; they did so in a decorous,
respectful, and loyal manner. Their conduct was wholly unexceptionable. This, however, ...
First Written AssignmentIn the following packet and Readin
First Written Assignment
In the following packet and
Reading the American Past
you will find 5 documents, each written by colonists living in different times, at different places, and with different cultural backgrounds. However, all share similarities as they deal with European attitudes regarding Native Americans. For the purpose of this essay, your task, in 3-4 pages (double spaced, size 12 Times New Roman), is to search for and analyze the common themes that appear in all 5 documents. How do attitudes towards Native Americans vary by culture and region? How do colonists propose dealing with Indians? What role does religion play in shaping these attitudes? Finally, what place do these documents envisage for Native Americans in colonial society?
Requerimiento, 1514
This document was required to be read aloud to natives by Spanish Conquistadors before engaging in any act of conquest. Often times this was done without translation into the local dialect.
On behalf of the king and the queen, subjugators of barbarous peoples, we, their servants, notify and make known to you as best we are able, that God, Our Lord, living and eternal, created the heavens and the earth, and a man and a woman, of whom you and we and all other people of the world were, and are, the descendants. Because of the great numbers of people who have come from the union of these two in the five thousand year, which have run their course since the world was created, it became necessary that some should go in one direction and that others should go in another. Thus they became divided into many kingdoms and many provinces, since they could not all remain or sustain themselves in one place.
Of all these people God, Our Lord, chose one, who was called Saint Peter, to be the lord and the one who was to be superior to all the other people of the world, whom all should obey. He was to be the head of the entire human race, wherever men might exist. God gave him the world for his kingdom and jurisdiction. God also permitted him to be and establish himself in any other part of the world to judge and govern all peoples, whether Christian, Moors, Jew, Gentiles, or those of any other sects and beliefs that there might be. He was called the Pope. One of the past Popes who succeeded Saint Peter, as Lord of the Earth gave these islands and Mainland's of the Ocean Sea [the Atlantic Ocean] to the said King and Queen and to their successors, with everything that there is in them, as is set forth in certain documents which were drawn up regarding this donation in the manner described, which you may see if you so desire.
In consequence, Their Highnesses are Kings and Lords of these islands and mainland by virtue of said donation. Certain other isles and almost all [the native peoples] to whom this summons has been read have accepted Their Highnesses as such Kings and Lords, and have served, and serve, them as their subjects as they should, and must, do, with good will and without off ...
Digital HistoryPrintable VersionThe Meaning of July Fo
Digital History
Printable Version
The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro
Digital History ID 3612
Author: Frederick Douglass
Date:1852
Annotation: On July 5, 1852, Douglass gave a speech at an event commemorating the signing of the
Declaration of Independence, held at Rochester's Corinthian Hall. It was a piercing speech. During the first part
of his speech he praises what the founding fathers did for this country, but his speech soon develops into a
condemnation of the attitude of American society toward slavery.
Document: Fellow Citizens, I am not wanting in respect for the fathers of this republic. The signers of the
Declaration of Independence were brave men. They were great men, too ‹ great enough to give frame to a
great age. It does not often happen to a nation to raise, at one time, such a number of truly great men. The
point from which I am compelled to view them is not, certainly, the most favorable; and yet I cannot
contemplate their great deeds with less than admiration. They were statesmen, patriots and heroes, and for the
good they did, and the principles they contended for, I will unite with you to honor their memory....
...Fellow-citizens, pardon me, allow me to ask, why am I called upon to speak here to-day? What have I, or
those I represent, to do with your national independence? Are the great principles of political freedom and of
natural justice, embodied in that Declaration of Independence, extended to us? and am I, therefore, called upon
to bring our humble offering to the national altar, and to confess the benefits and express devout gratitude for
the blessings resulting from your independence to us?
Would to God, both for your sakes and ours, that an affirmative answer could be truthfully returned to these
questions! Then would my task be light, and my burden easy and delightful. For who is there so cold, that a
nation's sympathy could not warm him? Who so obdurate and dead to the claims of gratitude, that would not
thankfully acknowledge such priceless benefits? Who so stolid and selfish, that would not give his voice to swell
the hallelujahs of a nation's jubilee, when the chains of servitude had been torn from his limbs? I am not that
man. In a case like that, the dumb might eloquently speak, and the "lame man leap as an hart."
But such is not the state of the case. I say it with a sad sense of the disparity between us. I am not included
within the pale of glorious anniversary! Your high independence only reveals the immeasurable distance
between us. The blessings in which you, this day, rejoice, are not enjoyed in common.‹The rich inheritance of
justice, liberty, prosperity and independence, bequeathed by your fathers, is shared by you, not by me. The
sunlight that brought light and healing to you, has brought stripes and death to me. This Fourth July is yours,
not mine. You may rejoice, I must mourn. To drag a man in fetters into the grand illuminated temple of liberty,
and call upon him to join you in ...
ANTI-SLAVERY VOICESWilliam Lloyd Garrison was a prominent Am.docx
ANTI-SLAVERY VOICES
William Lloyd Garrison was a prominent American abolitionist, who led the American Anti-Slavery Society and edited an abolitionist newspaper, the Liberator, which he established in 1831. He demanded the immediate end to slavery.
*********************************************************************************
WILLIAM LLOYD GARRISON "NO COMPROMISE WITH THE EVIL OF SLAVERY" 1854
Let me define my position, and at the same time challenge anyone to show wherein they are untenable.
I am a believer in that portion of the Declaration of American Independence in which it is set forth, as among self-evident truths, "that all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." Hence, I am an abolitionist. Hence, I cannot but regard oppression in every form-and most of all, that which turns a man into a thing-with indignation and abhorrence. Not to cherish these feelings would be recreant to principle. They who desire me to be dumb on the subject of slavery, unless I will open my mouth in its defense, ask me to give the lie to my professions, to degrade my manhood, and to stain my soul. I will not be a liar, a poltroon, or a hypocrite, to accommodate any party, to gratify any sect, to escape any odium or peril, to save any interest, to preserve any institution, or to promote any object. Convince me that one man may rightfully make another man his slave, and I will no longer subscribe to the Declaration of Independence. Convince me that liberty is not the inalienable birthright of every human being, of whatever complexion or clime, and I will give that instrument to the consuming fire. I do not know how to espouse freedom and slavery together.
I do not know how to worship God and Mammon at the same time. If other men choose to go upon all fours, I choose to stand erect, as God designed every man to stand. If, practically falsifying its heaven-attested principles, this nation denounces me for refusing to imitate its example, then, adhering all the more tenaciously to those principles, I will not cease to rebuke it for its guilty inconsistency. Numerically, the contest may be an unequal one, for the time being; but the author of liberty and the source of justice, the adorable God, is more than multitudinous, and he will defend the right. My crime is that I will not go with the multitude to do evil. My singularity is that when I say that freedom is of God and slavery is of the devil, I mean just what I say. My fanaticism is that I insist on the American people abolishing slavery or ceasing to prate of the rights of man ....
The abolitionism which I advocate is as absolute as the law of God, and as unyielding as his throne. It admits of no compromise. Every slave is a stolen man; every slaveholder is a man stealer. By no precedent, no example, no law, no compact, no purchase, no bequest, no inheritance, no combination of c.
Appeal to the Christian Women of the South
Appeal to the Christian Women of the South; by Lydia Maria Francis Child
The American Revoluton and The Boer War
Liberty Education Series, Gloucester, Virginia Links and News website. GVLN. Visit us for more incredible content.
Collection 1.1Nathaniel Bacon, Declaration (1676)1. For ha.docx
Collection 1.1
Nathaniel Bacon, "Declaration" (1676)
1. For having, upon specious pretenses of public works, raised great unjust taxes upon the commonalty for the advancement of private favorites and other sinister ends, but no visible effects in any measure adequate; for not having, during this long time of his government, in any measure advanced this hopeful colony either by fortifications, towns, or trade.
2. For having abused and rendered contemptible the magistrates of justice by advancing to places of judicature scandalous and ignorant favorites.
3. For having wronged his Majesty's prerogative and interest by assuming monopoly of the beaver trade and for having in it unjust gain betrayed and sold his Majesty's country and the lives of his loyal subjects to the barbarous heathen.
4. For having protected, favored, and emboldened the Indians against his Majesty's loyal subjects, never contriving, requiring, or appointing any due or proper means of satisfaction for their many invasions, robberies, and murders committed upon us.
5. For having, when the army of English was just upon the track of those Indians, who now in all places burn, spoil, murder and when we might with ease have destroyed them who then were in open hostility, for then having expressly countermanded and sent back our army by passing his word for the peaceable demeanor of the said Indians, who immediately prosecuted their evil intentions, committing horrid murders and robberies in all places, being protected by the said engagement and word past of him the said Sir William Berkeley, having ruined and laid desolate a great part of his Majesty's country, and have now drawn themselves into such obscure and remote places and are by their success so emboldened and confirmed by their confederacy so strengthened that the cries of blood are in all places, and the terror and consternation of the people so great, are now become not only difficult but a very formidable enemy who might at first with ease have been destroyed.
6. And lately, when, upon the loud outcries of blood, the assembly had, with all care, raised and framed an army for the preventing of further mischief and safeguard of this his Majesty's colony.
7. For having, with only the privacy of some few favorites without acquainting the people, only by the alteration of a figure, forged a commission, by we know not what hand, not only without but even against the consent of the people, for the raising and effecting civil war and destruction, which being happily and without bloodshed prevented; for having the second time attempted the same, thereby calling down our forces from the defense of the frontiers and most weakly exposed places.
8. For the prevention of civil mischief and ruin amongst ourselves while the barbarous enemy in all places did invade, murder, and spoil us, his Majesty's most faithful subjects.
Of this and the aforesaid articles we accuse Sir William Berkeley as guilty of each and every one of the .
Recommended
In the following packet and Reading the American Past you wi
In the following packet and
Reading the American Past
you will find 5 documents, each written by colonists living in different times, at different places, and with different cultural backgrounds. However, all share similarities as they deal with European attitudes regarding Native Americans. For the purpose of this essay, your task, in 3-4 pages (double spaced, size 12 Times New Roman), is to search for and analyze the common themes that appear in all 5 documents. How do attitudes towards Native Americans vary by culture and region? How do colonists propose dealing with Indians? What role does religion play in shaping these attitudes? Finally, what place do these documents envisage for Native Americans in colonial society?
Requerimiento, 1514
This document was required to be read aloud to natives by Spanish Conquistadors before engaging in any act of conquest. Often times this was done without translation into the local dialect.
On behalf of the king and the queen, subjugators of barbarous peoples, we, their servants, notify and make known to you as best we are able, that God, Our Lord, living and eternal, created the heavens and the earth, and a man and a woman, of whom you and we and all other people of the world were, and are, the descendants. Because of the great numbers of people who have come from the union of these two in the five thousand year, which have run their course since the world was created, it became necessary that some should go in one direction and that others should go in another. Thus they became divided into many kingdoms and many provinces, since they could not all remain or sustain themselves in one place.
Of all these people God, Our Lord, chose one, who was called Saint Peter, to be the lord and the one who was to be superior to all the other people of the world, whom all should obey. He was to be the head of the entire human race, wherever men might exist. God gave him the world for his kingdom and jurisdiction. God also permitted him to be and establish himself in any other part of the world to judge and govern all peoples, whether Christian, Moors, Jew, Gentiles, or those of any other sects and beliefs that there might be. He was called the Pope. One of the past Popes who succeeded Saint Peter, as Lord of the Earth gave these islands and Mainland's of the Ocean Sea [the Atlantic Ocean] to the said King and Queen and to their successors, with everything that there is in them, as is set forth in certain documents which were drawn up regarding this donation in the manner described, which you may see if you so desire.
In consequence, Their Highnesses are Kings and Lords of these islands and mainland by virtue of said donation. Certain other isles and almost all [the native peoples] to whom this summons has been read have accepted Their Highnesses as such Kings and Lords, and have served, and serve, them as their subjects as they should, and must, do, with good will and without offering any resistance. You ...
Page 1 of 15What to the Slave is the Fourth of July F.docx
Page 1 of 15
What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?
Frederick Douglass
July 5, 1852
(What follows is an abridged version. Abridged by Janet Gillespie, Director of Programming,
Community Change. The complete text may be found at: http://masshumanities.org/programs/douglass/)
Mr. President, Friends and Fellow Citizens:
…This, for the purpose of this celebration, is the 4th of July. It is the birthday of your
National Independence, and of your political freedom. This, to you, is what the Passover
was to the emancipated people of God. It carries your minds back to the day, and to the
act of your great deliverance; and to the signs, and to the wonders, associated with that
act, and that day. This celebration also marks the beginning of another year of your
national life; and reminds you that the Republic of America is now 76 years old. I am
glad, fellow-citizens, that your nation is so young. Seventy-six years, though a good old
age for a man, is but a mere speck in the life of a nation. Three score years and ten is the
allotted time for individual men; but nations number their years by thousands. According
to this fact, you are, even now, only in the beginning of your national career, still
lingering in the period of childhood. I repeat, I am glad this is so. There is hope in the
thought, and hope is much needed, under the dark clouds which lower above the horizon.
…
…Fellow-citizens, I shall not presume to dwell at length on the associations that cluster
about this day. The simple story of it is that, 76 years ago, the people of this country were
British subjects. The style and title of your "sovereign people" (in which you now glory)
was not then born. You were under the British Crown. Your fathers esteemed the English
Government as the home government; and England as the fatherland. This home
government, you know, although a considerable distance from your home, did, in the
exercise of its parental prerogatives, impose upon its colonial children, such restraints,
burdens and limitations, as, in its mature judgment, it deemed wise, right and proper.
But, your fathers, who had not adopted the fashionable idea of this day, of the infallibility
of government, and the absolute character of its acts, presumed to differ from the home
government in respect to the wisdom and the justice of some of those burdens and
restraints. They went so far in their excitement as to pronounce the measures of
government unjust, unreasonable, and oppressive, and altogether such as ought not to be
quietly submitted to. I scarcely need say, fellow-citizens, that my opinion of those
measures fully accords with that of your fathers…Feeling themselves harshly and unjustly
treated by the home government, your fathers, like men of honesty, and men of spirit,
earnestly sought redress. They petitioned and remonstrated; they did so in a decorous,
respectful, and loyal manner. Their conduct was wholly unexceptionable. This, however, ...
First Written AssignmentIn the following packet and Readin
First Written Assignment
In the following packet and
Reading the American Past
you will find 5 documents, each written by colonists living in different times, at different places, and with different cultural backgrounds. However, all share similarities as they deal with European attitudes regarding Native Americans. For the purpose of this essay, your task, in 3-4 pages (double spaced, size 12 Times New Roman), is to search for and analyze the common themes that appear in all 5 documents. How do attitudes towards Native Americans vary by culture and region? How do colonists propose dealing with Indians? What role does religion play in shaping these attitudes? Finally, what place do these documents envisage for Native Americans in colonial society?
Requerimiento, 1514
This document was required to be read aloud to natives by Spanish Conquistadors before engaging in any act of conquest. Often times this was done without translation into the local dialect.
On behalf of the king and the queen, subjugators of barbarous peoples, we, their servants, notify and make known to you as best we are able, that God, Our Lord, living and eternal, created the heavens and the earth, and a man and a woman, of whom you and we and all other people of the world were, and are, the descendants. Because of the great numbers of people who have come from the union of these two in the five thousand year, which have run their course since the world was created, it became necessary that some should go in one direction and that others should go in another. Thus they became divided into many kingdoms and many provinces, since they could not all remain or sustain themselves in one place.
Of all these people God, Our Lord, chose one, who was called Saint Peter, to be the lord and the one who was to be superior to all the other people of the world, whom all should obey. He was to be the head of the entire human race, wherever men might exist. God gave him the world for his kingdom and jurisdiction. God also permitted him to be and establish himself in any other part of the world to judge and govern all peoples, whether Christian, Moors, Jew, Gentiles, or those of any other sects and beliefs that there might be. He was called the Pope. One of the past Popes who succeeded Saint Peter, as Lord of the Earth gave these islands and Mainland's of the Ocean Sea [the Atlantic Ocean] to the said King and Queen and to their successors, with everything that there is in them, as is set forth in certain documents which were drawn up regarding this donation in the manner described, which you may see if you so desire.
In consequence, Their Highnesses are Kings and Lords of these islands and mainland by virtue of said donation. Certain other isles and almost all [the native peoples] to whom this summons has been read have accepted Their Highnesses as such Kings and Lords, and have served, and serve, them as their subjects as they should, and must, do, with good will and without off ...
Digital HistoryPrintable VersionThe Meaning of July Fo
Digital History
Printable Version
The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro
Digital History ID 3612
Author: Frederick Douglass
Date:1852
Annotation: On July 5, 1852, Douglass gave a speech at an event commemorating the signing of the
Declaration of Independence, held at Rochester's Corinthian Hall. It was a piercing speech. During the first part
of his speech he praises what the founding fathers did for this country, but his speech soon develops into a
condemnation of the attitude of American society toward slavery.
Document: Fellow Citizens, I am not wanting in respect for the fathers of this republic. The signers of the
Declaration of Independence were brave men. They were great men, too ‹ great enough to give frame to a
great age. It does not often happen to a nation to raise, at one time, such a number of truly great men. The
point from which I am compelled to view them is not, certainly, the most favorable; and yet I cannot
contemplate their great deeds with less than admiration. They were statesmen, patriots and heroes, and for the
good they did, and the principles they contended for, I will unite with you to honor their memory....
...Fellow-citizens, pardon me, allow me to ask, why am I called upon to speak here to-day? What have I, or
those I represent, to do with your national independence? Are the great principles of political freedom and of
natural justice, embodied in that Declaration of Independence, extended to us? and am I, therefore, called upon
to bring our humble offering to the national altar, and to confess the benefits and express devout gratitude for
the blessings resulting from your independence to us?
Would to God, both for your sakes and ours, that an affirmative answer could be truthfully returned to these
questions! Then would my task be light, and my burden easy and delightful. For who is there so cold, that a
nation's sympathy could not warm him? Who so obdurate and dead to the claims of gratitude, that would not
thankfully acknowledge such priceless benefits? Who so stolid and selfish, that would not give his voice to swell
the hallelujahs of a nation's jubilee, when the chains of servitude had been torn from his limbs? I am not that
man. In a case like that, the dumb might eloquently speak, and the "lame man leap as an hart."
But such is not the state of the case. I say it with a sad sense of the disparity between us. I am not included
within the pale of glorious anniversary! Your high independence only reveals the immeasurable distance
between us. The blessings in which you, this day, rejoice, are not enjoyed in common.‹The rich inheritance of
justice, liberty, prosperity and independence, bequeathed by your fathers, is shared by you, not by me. The
sunlight that brought light and healing to you, has brought stripes and death to me. This Fourth July is yours,
not mine. You may rejoice, I must mourn. To drag a man in fetters into the grand illuminated temple of liberty,
and call upon him to join you in ...
ANTI-SLAVERY VOICESWilliam Lloyd Garrison was a prominent Am.docx
ANTI-SLAVERY VOICES
William Lloyd Garrison was a prominent American abolitionist, who led the American Anti-Slavery Society and edited an abolitionist newspaper, the Liberator, which he established in 1831. He demanded the immediate end to slavery.
*********************************************************************************
WILLIAM LLOYD GARRISON "NO COMPROMISE WITH THE EVIL OF SLAVERY" 1854
Let me define my position, and at the same time challenge anyone to show wherein they are untenable.
I am a believer in that portion of the Declaration of American Independence in which it is set forth, as among self-evident truths, "that all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." Hence, I am an abolitionist. Hence, I cannot but regard oppression in every form-and most of all, that which turns a man into a thing-with indignation and abhorrence. Not to cherish these feelings would be recreant to principle. They who desire me to be dumb on the subject of slavery, unless I will open my mouth in its defense, ask me to give the lie to my professions, to degrade my manhood, and to stain my soul. I will not be a liar, a poltroon, or a hypocrite, to accommodate any party, to gratify any sect, to escape any odium or peril, to save any interest, to preserve any institution, or to promote any object. Convince me that one man may rightfully make another man his slave, and I will no longer subscribe to the Declaration of Independence. Convince me that liberty is not the inalienable birthright of every human being, of whatever complexion or clime, and I will give that instrument to the consuming fire. I do not know how to espouse freedom and slavery together.
I do not know how to worship God and Mammon at the same time. If other men choose to go upon all fours, I choose to stand erect, as God designed every man to stand. If, practically falsifying its heaven-attested principles, this nation denounces me for refusing to imitate its example, then, adhering all the more tenaciously to those principles, I will not cease to rebuke it for its guilty inconsistency. Numerically, the contest may be an unequal one, for the time being; but the author of liberty and the source of justice, the adorable God, is more than multitudinous, and he will defend the right. My crime is that I will not go with the multitude to do evil. My singularity is that when I say that freedom is of God and slavery is of the devil, I mean just what I say. My fanaticism is that I insist on the American people abolishing slavery or ceasing to prate of the rights of man ....
The abolitionism which I advocate is as absolute as the law of God, and as unyielding as his throne. It admits of no compromise. Every slave is a stolen man; every slaveholder is a man stealer. By no precedent, no example, no law, no compact, no purchase, no bequest, no inheritance, no combination of c.
Appeal to the Christian Women of the South
Appeal to the Christian Women of the South; by Lydia Maria Francis Child
The American Revoluton and The Boer War
Liberty Education Series, Gloucester, Virginia Links and News website. GVLN. Visit us for more incredible content.
Collection 1.1Nathaniel Bacon, Declaration (1676)1. For ha.docx
Collection 1.1
Nathaniel Bacon, "Declaration" (1676)
1. For having, upon specious pretenses of public works, raised great unjust taxes upon the commonalty for the advancement of private favorites and other sinister ends, but no visible effects in any measure adequate; for not having, during this long time of his government, in any measure advanced this hopeful colony either by fortifications, towns, or trade.
2. For having abused and rendered contemptible the magistrates of justice by advancing to places of judicature scandalous and ignorant favorites.
3. For having wronged his Majesty's prerogative and interest by assuming monopoly of the beaver trade and for having in it unjust gain betrayed and sold his Majesty's country and the lives of his loyal subjects to the barbarous heathen.
4. For having protected, favored, and emboldened the Indians against his Majesty's loyal subjects, never contriving, requiring, or appointing any due or proper means of satisfaction for their many invasions, robberies, and murders committed upon us.
5. For having, when the army of English was just upon the track of those Indians, who now in all places burn, spoil, murder and when we might with ease have destroyed them who then were in open hostility, for then having expressly countermanded and sent back our army by passing his word for the peaceable demeanor of the said Indians, who immediately prosecuted their evil intentions, committing horrid murders and robberies in all places, being protected by the said engagement and word past of him the said Sir William Berkeley, having ruined and laid desolate a great part of his Majesty's country, and have now drawn themselves into such obscure and remote places and are by their success so emboldened and confirmed by their confederacy so strengthened that the cries of blood are in all places, and the terror and consternation of the people so great, are now become not only difficult but a very formidable enemy who might at first with ease have been destroyed.
6. And lately, when, upon the loud outcries of blood, the assembly had, with all care, raised and framed an army for the preventing of further mischief and safeguard of this his Majesty's colony.
7. For having, with only the privacy of some few favorites without acquainting the people, only by the alteration of a figure, forged a commission, by we know not what hand, not only without but even against the consent of the people, for the raising and effecting civil war and destruction, which being happily and without bloodshed prevented; for having the second time attempted the same, thereby calling down our forces from the defense of the frontiers and most weakly exposed places.
8. For the prevention of civil mischief and ruin amongst ourselves while the barbarous enemy in all places did invade, murder, and spoil us, his Majesty's most faithful subjects.
Of this and the aforesaid articles we accuse Sir William Berkeley as guilty of each and every one of the .
1 Primary Source 13.0 LIN ZEXU, LETTER TO QUEEN V.docx
1
Primary Source 13.0
LIN ZEXU, LETTER TO QUEEN VICTORIA (1839)1
This letter was written by Lin Zexu, an important official in the Qing Dynasty, to Queen
Victoria of Britain. He wrote in response to the growing opium trade in China. For nearly 300
years, the Chinese had desired nothing from the Europeans but silver. In the late 1700s,
however, British merchants discovered an insatiable desire in China for opium. Traders began
delivering every greater quantities of the substance to Chinese territorial waters, where their
local counterparts added it to growing domestic production. (At this time, opium was not
illegal in Britain.) By the early 1800s, the drug was being used very widely in China and was
causing terrible social and health problems. The letter announced that China would no longer
tolerate the selling of opium and would take actions against traders. Commissioner Lin’s
words, which treat Britain as a tributary state dependent on the benevolence of China, reflect
the arrogance China had towards the outside world. However, the letter also reveals the
tensions building in China and the unsettling implications of Europe’s imperialistic designs.
These fears were confirmed in the First Opium War a year later, when the British inflicted
crushing defeats on the Chinese military and shattered the Chinese vision of omnipotence. The
British used the victory not only promote to the growth of the opium trade, but also to open
China to increasing Western influence.
For the complete text online, click here.
Art. I. Letter to the queen of England, from the high Imperial Commissioner Lin, and his
colleagues. From the Canton press.
Lin, high imperial commissioner, a president of the Board of War, viceroy of the two
Keäng provinces, &c., Tang, a president of the Board of War, viceroy of the two Kwang
provinces, &c., and E, a vice-president of the Board of War, lieut.-governor of Kwangtung,
&c., hereby conjointly address this public dispatch to the queen of England for the purpose
of giving her clear and distinct information (on the state of affairs) &c.
It is only our high and mighty emperor, who alike supports and cherishes those of
the Inner Land, and those from beyond the seas—who looks upon all mankind with equal
benevolence—who, if a source of profit exists anywhere, diffuses it over the whole world—
who, if the tree of evil takes root anywhere, plucks it up for the benefit of all nations—who,
in a word, hath implanted in his breast that heart (by which beneficent nature herself)
governs the heavens and the earth! You, the queen of your honorable nation, sit upon a
throne occupied through successive generations by predecessors, all of whom have been
styled respectful and obedient. Looking over the public documents accompanying the
tribute sent (by your predecessors) on various occasions, we find the following: "All the
people of my country, arriving at the Central Land for purposes of trade, .
1 Primary Source 13.0 LIN ZEXU, LETTER TO QUEEN V.docx
1
Primary Source 13.0
LIN ZEXU, LETTER TO QUEEN VICTORIA (1839)1
This letter was written by Lin Zexu, an important official in the Qing Dynasty, to Queen
Victoria of Britain. He wrote in response to the growing opium trade in China. For nearly 300
years, the Chinese had desired nothing from the Europeans but silver. In the late 1700s,
however, British merchants discovered an insatiable desire in China for opium. Traders began
delivering every greater quantities of the substance to Chinese territorial waters, where their
local counterparts added it to growing domestic production. (At this time, opium was not
illegal in Britain.) By the early 1800s, the drug was being used very widely in China and was
causing terrible social and health problems. The letter announced that China would no longer
tolerate the selling of opium and would take actions against traders. Commissioner Lin’s
words, which treat Britain as a tributary state dependent on the benevolence of China, reflect
the arrogance China had towards the outside world. However, the letter also reveals the
tensions building in China and the unsettling implications of Europe’s imperialistic designs.
These fears were confirmed in the First Opium War a year later, when the British inflicted
crushing defeats on the Chinese military and shattered the Chinese vision of omnipotence. The
British used the victory not only promote to the growth of the opium trade, but also to open
China to increasing Western influence.
For the complete text online, click here.
Art. I. Letter to the queen of England, from the high Imperial Commissioner Lin, and his
colleagues. From the Canton press.
Lin, high imperial commissioner, a president of the Board of War, viceroy of the two
Keäng provinces, &c., Tang, a president of the Board of War, viceroy of the two Kwang
provinces, &c., and E, a vice-president of the Board of War, lieut.-governor of Kwangtung,
&c., hereby conjointly address this public dispatch to the queen of England for the purpose
of giving her clear and distinct information (on the state of affairs) &c.
It is only our high and mighty emperor, who alike supports and cherishes those of
the Inner Land, and those from beyond the seas—who looks upon all mankind with equal
benevolence—who, if a source of profit exists anywhere, diffuses it over the whole world—
who, if the tree of evil takes root anywhere, plucks it up for the benefit of all nations—who,
in a word, hath implanted in his breast that heart (by which beneficent nature herself)
governs the heavens and the earth! You, the queen of your honorable nation, sit upon a
throne occupied through successive generations by predecessors, all of whom have been
styled respectful and obedient. Looking over the public documents accompanying the
tribute sent (by your predecessors) on various occasions, we find the following: "All the
people of my country, arriving at the Central Land for purposes of trade, ...
Collection 6.1Angelina Grimke, Appeal to the Christian Women of.docx
Collection 6.1
Angelina Grimke, "Appeal to the Christian Women of the South" (1836) "Then Mordecai commanded to answer Esther, Think not within thyself that thou shalt escape in the king's house more than all the Jews. For if thou altogether holdest thy peace at this time, then shall there enlargement and deliverance arise to the Jews from another place: but thou and thy father's house shall be destroyed: and who knoweth whether thou art come to the kingdom for such a time as this. And Esther bade them return Mordecai this answer:-and so will I go in unto the king, which is not according to law, and if I perish, I perish." Esther IV. 13-16. Respected Friends, It is because I feel a deep and tender interest in your present and eternal welfare that I am willing thus publicly to address you. Some of you have loved me as a relative, and some have felt bound to me in Christian sympathy, and Gospel fellowship; and even when compelled by a strong sense of duty, to break those outward bonds of union which bound us together as members of the same community, and members of the same religious denomination, you were generous enough to give me credit, for sincerity as a Christian, though you believed I had been most strangely deceived. I thanked you then for your kindness, and I ask you now, for the sake of former confidence, and former friendship, to read the following pages in the spirit of calm investigation and fervent prayer. It is because you have known me, that I write thus unto you. But there are other Christian women scattered over the Southern States, a very large number of whom have never seen me, and never heard my name, and who feel no interest whatever in me. But I feel an interest in you, as branches of the same vine from whose root I daily draw the principle of spiritual vitality-Yes! Sisters in Christ I feel an interest in you, and often has the secret prayer arisen on your behalf, Lord "open thou their eyes that they may see wondrous things out of thy Law"-It is then, because I do feel and do pray for you, that I thus address you upon a subject about which of all others, perhaps you would rather not hear anything; but, "would to God ye could bear with me a little in my folly, and indeed bear with me, for I am jealous over you with godly jealousy." Be not afraid then to read my appeal; it is not written in the heat of passion or prejudice, but in that solemn calmness which is the result of conviction and duty. It is true, I am going to tell you unwelcome truths, but I mean to speak those truths in love, and remember Solomon says, "faithful are the wounds of a friend." I do not believe the time has yet come when Christian women "will not endure sound doctrine," even on the subject of Slavery, if it is spoken to them in tenderness and love, therefore I now address you... ...But perhaps you will be ready to query, why appeal to women on this subject? We do not make the laws which perpetuate slavery. No legislative power is vested in us; we c.
6-2 Adams, Correspondence 145 15. That a General and equal.docx
6-2 Adams, Correspondence 145
15. That a General and equal land tax be laid throughout the State.
16. That people shall be taxed according to their estates.
17. That sheriff, clerk and register shall be chosen by the freeholders in every
county, the register to continue in office during good behaviour, the sheriff
to be elected every year. The same person to be capable to be elected every
year if all moneys due by virtue of his office shall be faithfully paid up.
18. That men shall be quieted in their titles and possessions and that provision
shall be made to secure men from being disturbed by old and foreign claims
against their landed possessions.
READinG AnD DiScuSSion QuESTionS
1. How would you summarize the type of government that the delegates were
instructed to support? Why do you think the citizens of Mecklenburg County
wanted the kind of government they described?
2. Did any of the instructions to delegates surprise you? How might you explain,
for instance, the instructions related to questions of religion?
6-2 | A call to “Remember the Ladies”
AbigAil And John AdAms, Correspondence (1776)
Just as the citizens of Mecklenburg County instructed their delegates on which rights to
demand, Abigail Adams sent similar instructions to her husband, John, then serving at the
Second Continental Congress meeting in Philadelphia. John was pivotal in moving the dele-
gates to declare independence, and the couple’s wonderfully rich letters provide a window
into the buildup to that historic moment. In addition to the personal hardships they endured
during the Revolutionary period, the letters reveal the lively discussions John and Abigail
shared over the place of women in the emerging republic. Abigail did not miss the opportu-
nity to lobby for her sex, and in one letter, reproduced here, she famously instructs her hus-
band to “remember the ladies” as he and his fellow delegates contemplate laws for the newly
independent states.
Abigail Adams to John Adams
Braintree, 31 March, 1776.
I wish you would ever write me a letter half as long as I write you; and tell me if
you may where your fleet are gone? What sort of defense Virginia can make
against our common enemy; whether it is so situated as to make an able defense.
Are not the gentry lords and the common people vassals, are they not like the
uncivilized vassals Britain represents us to be? I hope their riflemen, who have
shown themselves very savage and even blood-thirsty, are not a specimen of the
Charles Francis Adams, Familiar Letters of John Adams and His Wife Abigail Adams, During the
Revolution (Cambridge, MA: The Riverside Press, 1875), 148–155, 158–159.
FPP FPP
06_SHE_45762_ch06_140_163_r2wt.indd 145 10/12/13 10:43 AM
146 PART 3 / Chapter 6 Making War and Republican Governments, 1776–1789
generality of the people. I am willing to allow the colony great merit for having
produced a Washington; but they have been shamefully duped by a Dunmor.
Collected Works Abraham Lincoln (1862) ACS Colonization Plan to South America
Lincoln in 1862 had the backing of Congress to emigrate free blacks to South America. Congress also approved $600,000 to give southern white slave owners reparations for the loss of so-called property in the emigration plan. Freed Africans born in the US rejected Lincoln's proposal to emigrate. The Fed gov't relaxed the Militia Act Law and Africans w/o citizenship joined the Union Army to defeat the south secession plan from the Union.
Letter VI—On the PresbyteriansTHE CHURCH OF ENGLAND is con.docx
Letter VI—On the Presbyterians
THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND is confined almost to the kingdom whence it received its name, and to Ireland, for Presbyterianism is the established religion in Scotland. This Presbyterianism is directly the same with Calvinism, as it was established in France, and is now professed at Geneva. As the priests of this sect receive but very inconsiderable stipends from their churches, and consequently cannot emulate the splendid luxury of bishops, they exclaim very naturally against honours which they can never attain to. Figure to yourself the haughty Diogenes trampling under foot the pride of Plato. The Scotch Presbyterians are not very unlike that proud though tattered reasoner. Diogenes did not use Alexander half so impertinently as these treated King Charles II.; for when they took up arms in his cause in opposition to Oliver, who had deceived them, they forced that poor monarch to undergo the hearing of three or four sermons every day, would not suffer him to play, reduced him to a state of penitence and mortification, so that Charles soon grew sick of these pedants, and accordingly eloped from them with as much joy as a youth does from school.
1
A Church of England minister appears as another Cato in presence of a juvenile, sprightly French graduate, who bawls for a whole morning together in the divinity schools, and hums a song in chorus with ladies in the evening; but this Cato is a very spark when before a Scotch Presbyterian. The latter affects a serious gait, puts on a sour look, wears a vastly broad-brimmed hat and a long cloak over a very short coat, preaches through the nose, and gives the name of the whore of Babylon to all churches where the ministers are so fortunate as to enjoy an annual revenue of five or six thousand pounds, and where the people are weak enough to suffer this, and to give them the titles of my lord, your lordship, or your eminence.
2
These gentlemen, who have also some churches in England, introduced there the mode of grave and severe exhortations. To them is owing the sanctification of Sunday in the three kingdoms. People are there forbidden to work or take any recreation on that day, in which the severity is twice as great as that of the Romish Church. No operas, plays, or concerts are allowed in London on Sundays, and even cards are so expressly forbidden that none but persons of quality, and those we call the genteel, play on that day; the rest of the nation go either to church, to the tavern, or to see their mistresses.
3
Though the Episcopal and Presbyterian sects are the two prevailing ones in Great Britain, yet all others are very welcome to come and settle in it, and live very sociably together, though most of their preachers hate one another almost as cordially as a Jansenist damns a Jesuit.
4
Take a view of the Royal Exchange in London, a place more venerable than many courts of justice, where the representatives of all nations meet for the benefit of mankin ...
Ammianus Marcellinus (c.330-395 CE)History, XIV.16 The Luxury .docx
Ammianus Marcellinus (c.330-395 CE):
History, XIV.16: The Luxury of the Rich in Rome, c. 400 CE.
Rome is still looked upon as the queen of the earth, and the name of the Roman people is respected and venerated. But the magnificence of Rome is defaced by the inconsiderate levity of a few, who never recollect where they are born, but fall away into error and licentiousness as if a perfect immunity were granted to vice. Of these men, some, thinking that they can be handed down to immortality by means of statues, are eager after them, as if they would obtain a higher reward from brazen figures unendowed with sense than from a consciousness of upright and honorable actions; and they are even anxious to have them plated over with gold!
Others place the summit of glory in having a couch higher than usual, or splendid apparel; and so toil and sweat under a vast burden of cloaks which are fastened to their necks by many clasps, and blow about by the excessive fineness of the material, showing a desire by the continual wriggling of their bodies, and especially by the waving of the left hand, to make more conspicuous their long fringes and tunics, which are embroidered in multiform figures of animals with threads of divers colors.
Others again, put on a feigned severity of countenance, and extol their patrimonial estates in a boundless degree, exaggerating the yearly produce of their fruitful fields, which they boast of possessing in numbers, from east and west, being forsooth ignorant that their ancestors, who won greatness for Rome, were not eminent in riches; but through many a direful war overpowered their foes by valor, though little above the common privates in riches, or luxury, or costliness of garments.
If now you, as an honorable stranger, should enter the house of any passing rich man, you will be hospitably received, as though you were very welcome; and after having had many questions put to you, and having been forced to tell a number of lies, you will wonder---since the gentleman has never seen you before---that a person of high rank should pay such attention to a humble individual like yourself, so that you become exceeding happy, and begin to repent not having come to Rome ten years before. When, however, relying on this affability you do the same thing the next day, you will stand waiting as one utterly unknown and unexpected, while he who yesterday urged you to "come again," counts upon his fingers who you can be, marveling for a long time whence you came, and what you can want. But when at last you are recognized and admitted to his acquaintance, if you should devote yourself to him for three years running, and after that cease with your visits for the same stretch of time, then at last begin them again, you will never be asked about your absence any more than if you had been dead, and you will waste your whole life trying to court the humors of this blockhead.
But when those long and unwholesome banquets, which are indulged in at .
Mr. President, Friends and Fellow CitizensHe who could address .docx
Mr. President, Friends and Fellow Citizens:
He who could address this audience without a quailing sensation, has stronger nerves than I have. I do not remember ever to have appeared as a speaker before any assembly more shrinkingly, nor with greater distrust of my ability, than I do this day. A feeling has crept over me, quite unfavorable to the exercise of my limited powers of speech. The task before me is one which requires much previous thought and study for its proper performance. I know that apologies of this sort are generally considered flat and unmeaning. I trust, however, that mine will not be so considered. Should I seem at ease, my appearance would much misrepresent me. The little experience I have had in addressing public meetings, in country schoolhouses, avails me nothing on the present occasion.
The papers and placards say, that I am to deliver a 4th [of] July oration. This certainly sounds large, and out of the common way, for it is true that I have often had the privilege to speak in this beautiful Hall, and to address many who now honor me with their presence. But neither their familiar faces, nor the perfect gage I think I have of Corinthian Hall, seems to free me from embarrassment.
The fact is, ladies and gentlemen, the distance between this platform and the slave plantation, from which I escaped, is considerable — and the difficulties to be overcome in getting from the latter to the former, are by no means slight. That I am here to-day is, to me, a matter of astonishment as well as of gratitude. You will not, therefore, be surprised, if in what I have to say I evince no elaborate preparation, nor grace my speech with any high sounding exordium. With little experience and with less learning, I have been able to throw my thoughts hastily and imperfectly together; and trusting to your patient and generous indulgence, I will proceed to lay them before you.
This, for the purpose of this celebration, is the 4th of July. It is the birthday of your National Independence, and of your political freedom. This, to you, is what the Passover was to the emancipated people of God. It carries your minds back to the day, and to the act of your great deliverance; and to the signs, and to the wonders, associated with that act, and that day. This celebration also marks the beginning of another year of your national life; and reminds you that the Republic of America is now 76 years old. I am glad, fellow-citizens, that your nation is so young. Seventy-six years, though a good old age for a man, is but a mere speck in the life of a nation. Three score years and ten is the allotted time for individual men; but nations number their years by thousands. According to this fact, you are, even now, only in the beginning of your national career, still lingering in the period of childhood. I repeat, I am glad this is so. There is hope in the thought, and hope is much needed, under the dark clouds which lower above the horizon. The eye of the reformer i.
2Diversity management in Organizations. So far, I have b.docx
2
Diversity management in Organizations.
So far, I have been able to identify the significance of diversity knowledge by managers and other leaders in an organization. I have researched the various social constructs that are commonly used when referring to diversity in an organization. Such include race, gender, age, personality, education background, cognition level among others.
In addressing the need for diversity management, I have looked at from a globalization perspective. This has been informed by the realization that globalization has enabled organizations to operate on global levels thereby recruiting employees from all walks of life. As a result, interests, values, practices, norms, cultures will often collide when they are not respected by an organization management and passed to the entire workforce.
I am still working on accumulating evidence of the actual benefits of diversity management. This also includes the evidence on the challenges that managers face while striving to achieving diversity in their organization. Identifying the benefits and challenges of diversity management is critical especially now that the diversity is almost inevitable in any organization that wishes to grow internationally.
Among the questions that am still struggling with include the following: what techniques can managers deploy to ensure they effectively manage diversity in their organization? How should managers ensure they prevent conflicts that emerge due to diversity in their places of work?
I intend to complete this assignment by indulging in further research from literature provided in peer reviewed journal articles and any other credible sources. This will provide answers to the questions that have not yet been answered.
References
Helen Eboh CLETUS, N. A. (2018). Prospects and Challenges of Workplace Diversity in Modern Day Organizations: A Critical Review. HOLISTICA.
Nisa, A. S. (2016). Managing diversity and equality in the workplace. Cogent Business & Management.
Rahman, U. H. (2019). Diversity Management and the Role of Leader. Open Economic.
Shaban, A. (2016). Managing and Leading a Diverse Workforce: One of the Main Challenges in Management. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences.
Excerpts from Parliamentary Debates Over Military Emancipation, 1775-1781
Edmund Burke in House of Commons on military emancipation – 22 March 1775
· “With regard to the high aristocratic spirit of Virginia and the southern colonies, it has been proposed, I know, to reduce it, by declaring a general enfranchisement of their slaves. This project has had its advocates and panegyrists; yet I never could argue myself into any opinion of it. Slaves are often much attached to their masters. A general wild offer of liberty would not always be accepted. History furnishes few instances of it. It is sometimes as hard to persuade slaves to be free, as it is to compel freemen to be slaves, and in this auspicious scheme, we should have both these pleas.
2Diversity management in Organizations. So far, I have b.docx
2
Diversity management in Organizations.
So far, I have been able to identify the significance of diversity knowledge by managers and other leaders in an organization. I have researched the various social constructs that are commonly used when referring to diversity in an organization. Such include race, gender, age, personality, education background, cognition level among others.
In addressing the need for diversity management, I have looked at from a globalization perspective. This has been informed by the realization that globalization has enabled organizations to operate on global levels thereby recruiting employees from all walks of life. As a result, interests, values, practices, norms, cultures will often collide when they are not respected by an organization management and passed to the entire workforce.
I am still working on accumulating evidence of the actual benefits of diversity management. This also includes the evidence on the challenges that managers face while striving to achieving diversity in their organization. Identifying the benefits and challenges of diversity management is critical especially now that the diversity is almost inevitable in any organization that wishes to grow internationally.
Among the questions that am still struggling with include the following: what techniques can managers deploy to ensure they effectively manage diversity in their organization? How should managers ensure they prevent conflicts that emerge due to diversity in their places of work?
I intend to complete this assignment by indulging in further research from literature provided in peer reviewed journal articles and any other credible sources. This will provide answers to the questions that have not yet been answered.
References
Helen Eboh CLETUS, N. A. (2018). Prospects and Challenges of Workplace Diversity in Modern Day Organizations: A Critical Review. HOLISTICA.
Nisa, A. S. (2016). Managing diversity and equality in the workplace. Cogent Business & Management.
Rahman, U. H. (2019). Diversity Management and the Role of Leader. Open Economic.
Shaban, A. (2016). Managing and Leading a Diverse Workforce: One of the Main Challenges in Management. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences.
Excerpts from Parliamentary Debates Over Military Emancipation, 1775-1781
Edmund Burke in House of Commons on military emancipation – 22 March 1775
· “With regard to the high aristocratic spirit of Virginia and the southern colonies, it has been proposed, I know, to reduce it, by declaring a general enfranchisement of their slaves. This project has had its advocates and panegyrists; yet I never could argue myself into any opinion of it. Slaves are often much attached to their masters. A general wild offer of liberty would not always be accepted. History furnishes few instances of it. It is sometimes as hard to persuade slaves to be free, as it is to compel freemen to be slaves, and in this auspicious scheme, we should have both these pleas ...
Patrick Henry’s Speech No man thinks more highly than I do of.docx
Patrick Henry’s Speech:
No man thinks more highly than I do of the patriotism, as well as abilities, of the very worthy gentlemen who have just addressed the house. But different men often see the same subject in different lights; and, therefore, I hope it will not be thought disrespectful to those gentlemen if, entertaining as I do opinions of a character very opposite to theirs, I shall speak forth my sentiments freely and without reserve. This is no time for ceremony. The question before the house is one of awful moment to this country. For my own part, I consider it as nothing less than a question of freedom or slavery; and in proportion to the magnitude of the subject ought to be the freedom of the debate. It is only in this way that we can hope to arrive at the truth, and fulfill the great responsibility which we hold to God and our country. Should I keep back my opinions at such a time, through fear of giving offense, I should consider myself as guilty of treason towards my country, and of an act of disloyalty toward the Majesty of Heaven, which I revere above all earthly kings.??Mr. President, it is natural to man to indulge in the illusions of hope. We are apt to shut our eyes against a painful truth, and listen to the song of that siren till she transforms us into beasts. Is this the part of wise men, engaged in a great and arduous struggle for liberty? Are we disposed to be of the numbers of those who, having eyes, see not, and, having ears, hear not, the things which so nearly concern their temporal salvation? For my part, whatever anguish of spirit it may cost, I am willing to know the whole truth, to know the worst, and to provide for it.??I have but one lamp by which my feet are guided, and that is the lamp of experience. I know of no way of judging of the future but by the past. And judging by the past, I wish to know what there has been in the conduct of the British ministry for the last ten years to justify those hopes with which gentlemen have been pleased to solace themselves and the House. Is it that insidious smile with which our petition has been lately received???Trust it not, sir; it will prove a snare to your feet. Suffer not yourselves to be betrayed with a kiss. Ask yourselves how this gracious reception of our petition comports with those warlike preparations which cover our waters and darken our land. Are fleets and armies necessary to a work of love and reconciliation? Have we shown ourselves so unwilling to be reconciled that force must be called in to win back our love? Let us not deceive ourselves, sir. These are the implements of war and subjugation; the last arguments to which kings resort.??I ask gentlemen, sir, what means this martial array, if its purpose be not to force us to submission? Can gentlemen assign any other possible motive for it? Has Great Britain any enemy, in this quarter of the world, to call for all this accumulation of navies and armies? No, sir, she has none. They are meant for us: t.
RemRem $Header sh_cremv.sql 01-feb-2001.151321 ahunold Exp $.docx
Rem
Rem $Header: sh_cremv.sql 01-feb-2001.15:13:21 ahunold Exp $
Rem
Rem sh_cremv.sql
Rem
Rem Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation 2001. All Rights Reserved.
Rem
Rem NAME
Rem sh_cremv.sql - Create materialized views
Rem
Rem DESCRIPTION
Rem SH is the Sales History schema of the Oracle 9i Sample
Rem Schemas
Rem
Rem NOTES
Rem
Rem
Rem MODIFIED (MM/DD/YY)
Rem hbaer 01/29/01 - Created
Rem ahunold 03/05/01 - no DROPs needed, part of creation script
REM AKHTAR 16/03/05 - updated
Rem first materialized view; simple aggregate join MV
Rem equivalent to example 1 in MV chapter DWG, page 8-11
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW cal_month_sales_mv
PCTFREE 5
BUILD IMMEDIATE
REFRESH FORCE
ENABLE QUERY REWRITE
AS
SELECT t.calendar_month_desc
, sum(s.amount_sold) AS Money
FROM sales s
, times t
WHERE s.time_id = t.time_id
GROUP BY t.calendar_month_desc;
Rem more complex mv with additional key columns to join to other dimensions;
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW fweek_pscat_sales_mv
PCTFREE 5
BUILD IMMEDIATE
REFRESH COMPLETE
ENABLE QUERY REWRITE
AS
SELECT t.week_ending_day
, p.prod_subcategory
, sum(s.amount_sold) AS Money
, s.channel_id
, s.promo_id
FROM sales s
, times t
, products p
WHERE s.time_id = t.time_id
AND s.prod_id = p.prod_id
GROUP BY t.week_ending_day
, p.prod_subcategory
, s.channel_id
, s.promo_id;
CREATE BITMAP INDEX FW_PSC_S_MV_SUBCAT_BIX
ON fweek_pscat_sales_mv(prod_subcategory);
CREATE BITMAP INDEX FW_PSC_S_MV_CHAN_BIX
ON fweek_pscat_sales_mv(channel_id);
CREATE BITMAP INDEX FW_PSC_S_MV_PROMO_BIX
ON fweek_pscat_sales_mv(promo_id);
CREATE BITMAP INDEX FW_PSC_S_MV_WD_BIX
ON fweek_pscat_sales_mv(week_ending_day);
19.4. RICHMOND PLANET AND WISCONSIN WEEKLY ADVOCATE, EXCERPTS FROM LETTERS FROM AFRICAN AMERICAN SOLDIERS IN THE PHILIPPINES (1899–1900)
Black soldiers serving in the Philippines to put down the insurgency against the United States sent letters to African American newspapers relating their experiences on the islands. Some disheartened soldiers found that the color line extended far beyond the boundaries of the United States, while others saw action in the Philippines as a chance to prove their patriotism and their equality. The first and third letters below were published in the Richmond Planet on December 30, 1899, and December 22, 1900, respectively. The second letter was published in the Milwaukee newspaper Wis- consin Weekly Advocate on May 17, 1900.
Dear Mr. Editor: We received copies of the Planet sent to us at this point. You can imagine how much we appreciated them when we had not seen a paper of any kind for weeks, and as for an Afro-American paper, I can not remember when I last laid eyes on one. . . .
The whites have begun to establish their diaboli- cal race hatred in all its home rancor in Manila, even endeavo.
The Revolution And Black America
The Revolution And Black AmericaThe Fannie Lou Hamer National Institute on Citizenship and Democracy
2010 JPS Teach American History· Clarifying some things on the Revolution I am going to say som.docx
· Clarifying some things on the Revolution
I am going to say something, and I want you to hear me.
I am a scholar of the Revolution. That's the topic of my dissertation. Please believe me when I say that I know a lot about it.
I also happen to know--and this is well-supported by historians--that the Revolution was a civil war in which, for the first several years, Revolutionaries and Loyalists were evenly matched.
I will repeat that. Evenly matched. Loyalists were not merely too cowardly to fight, and they were not old fogies who hated the idea of freedom. Most had been in the Colonies for generations. Many of them took up arms for their King and their country. And when they lost, you confiscated their homes and they fled with the clothes on their back to Canada, England, and other places of the Empire. Both sides--both sides--committed unspeakable atrocities against civilians whom they disagreed with.
Now, a lot of you love to repeat some very fervent patriotic diatribe about how great the Revolution was. That's not history. That's propaganda. Know the difference.
History has shades of gray. History is complex and ambiguous. Washington, for instance, wore dentures made from the teeth of his slaves. Benjamin Franklin's son was the last royal governor of New Jersey. Did you know that the net tax rate for Americans--they always conveniently leave this out of the textbooks--was between 1.9 and 2.1%, depending on colony.? And that was if they had paid the extra taxes on tea and paper.
And, wait for it, people who support California independence use the same logic and arguments as they did in 1775. Did you know that the Los Angeles and Washington are only a few hundred miles closer than Boston and London? That many of the same issues, point by point, are repeating here in California? So put yourself in those shoes. How many of you would have sided with the Empire (whether American or British) based on the fact that you don't know how this will shake out? Would you call someone who supports Calexit a Patriot? Revolutionary? Nutcase? Who gets to own that word, anyway?
You can choose that you would have supported the revolutionaries--but think. Think about the other side. They matter, and their experiences got to be cleansed out of history to make you feel better about the way the revolutionaries behaved during the War. Acknowledge that they are there, and that their point of view has merit, even if you not agree with it.
· Clarifying Unit III's assignment
I have noticed a few consistent problems with the letter in the Unit III issue. Here are some pointers to make it better.
1. Read the clarifying note I wrote above. Note that the taxes aren't actually as high as you have been led to believe, but the point is that they should not be assigned at all without your consent.
2. Acknowledge that this is a debate, that a certain percentage are radicalized for independence, but there are is also a law-and-order group who find this horrific, and want .
Zoe is a second grader with autism spectrum disorders. Zoe’s father .docx
Zoe is a second grader with autism spectrum disorders. Zoe’s father recently passed away in a tragic car accident. Zoe, her mom, and two older brothers have temporarily relocated from out-of-state and are now living in her grandparents’ house in a small, rural community.
Because the family had been living out-of state, Zoe has never interacted with her grandparents. She has challenges responding to social cues, including her name and in understanding gestures. She also engages in repetitive body movements. She is fond of her set of dolls and likes lining them up. When Zoe is agitated, her mother plays Mozart, which seems to have a calming effect. Zoe also enjoys macaroni and cheese.
Her grandparents do not understand Zoe’s attempts at communicating. Zoe does not respond well to crowded and noisy environments. Zoe’s mom is working outside the home for the first time.
Because of the move, Zoe has transferred to a new school, which does not currently have any students with ASD. Although her mom is generally very involved with Zoe’s education, she is away from the home much of the time due to a long commute for her new job is a neighboring city.
Zoe’s grandparents are eager and willing to help in any way they can.
Imagine you are serving as an ASD consultant at Zoe’s new school. Using the COMPASS model, create a COMPASS Action Plan for Zoe by complete the following tasks:
Identify the personal challenges for Zoe;
Identify the environmental challenges for Zoe;
Identify potential supports; and
Identify and prioritize teaching goals.
In addition, include a 250-500-word rationale that explains how your action plan for Zoe demonstrates collaboration in a respectful, culturally responsive way while promoting understanding, resolving conflicts, and building consensus around her interventions.
.
Zlatan Ibrahimović – Sports PsychologyOutlineIntroduction .docx
Zlatan Ibrahimović – Sports Psychology
Outline
Introduction:
· General Info
· Nationality, Birthplace, Parents
· Childhood What he wanted to do growing up?
· When did he start playing professionally?
· Which teams did he play for?
· Give some of his career statistics and maybe records?
· What trophies has he won with club football and national team of Sweden?
· Style of Play
· What is his personality like? How do people see him in the media?\
·
Body Paragraphs
Connect the following Sports Psychology Concepts (or even those not listed) to Zlatan Ibrahimović
What is his personality type? Type A, B C, or D?
Give examples through research of where he shows this.
CATASTROPHE THEORY… OCCURS WHEN? WHAT DOES THE GRAPH LOOK LIKE
· Arousal: is a blend of physiological and psychological activity in a person and it refers to the intensity dimensions of motivation at a particular moment. It ranges from not aroused, to completely aroused, to highly aroused; this is when individuals are mentally and physically activated.
· Performance increases as arousal increases but when arousal gets too high performance dramatically decreases. This is usually caused by the performer becoming anxious and sometimes making wrong decisions. Catastrophes is caused by a combination of cognitive and somatic anxieties. Cognitive is the internal worries of not performing well while somatic is the physical effects of muscle tension/butterflies and fatigue through playing.
· The graph is an inverted U where the x line is the arousal and the y is the performance. Performance peaks on the top of the inverted U and the catastrophe happens in the fall of the inverted U
HIGH TRAIT ANXIETY ATHLETES… HOW DO THEY PERCEIVE COMPETITION?
· Anxiety: is a negative emotional state in which feelings of nervousness, worry and apprehension are associated with activation or arousal of the body
· Trait Anxiety: is a behavioral disposition to perceive as threatening circumstances that objectively may not be dangerous and to then respond with disproportionate state anxiety.
· Somatic Trait Anxiety: the degree to which one typically perceived heightened physical symptoms (muscle tension)
· Cognitive Trait Anxiety: the degree to which one typically worries or has self doubt
· Concentration Disruption: the degree to which one typically has concentration disruption during competition
People usually with high trait anxiety usually have more state anxiety in highly competitive evaluative situations than do people with lower trait anxiety. Example two athletes are playing basketball and both are physically and statistically the same both have to shoot a final free throw to win the game. Athlete A is more laid back which means his trait anxiety is lower and he doesn't view the final shot as a overly threatening. Athlete B has a high trait anxiety and because of that he perceives the final shot as very threatening. This has an effect on his state anxiety much more than.
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1 Primary Source 13.0 LIN ZEXU, LETTER TO QUEEN V.docx
1
Primary Source 13.0
LIN ZEXU, LETTER TO QUEEN VICTORIA (1839)1
This letter was written by Lin Zexu, an important official in the Qing Dynasty, to Queen
Victoria of Britain. He wrote in response to the growing opium trade in China. For nearly 300
years, the Chinese had desired nothing from the Europeans but silver. In the late 1700s,
however, British merchants discovered an insatiable desire in China for opium. Traders began
delivering every greater quantities of the substance to Chinese territorial waters, where their
local counterparts added it to growing domestic production. (At this time, opium was not
illegal in Britain.) By the early 1800s, the drug was being used very widely in China and was
causing terrible social and health problems. The letter announced that China would no longer
tolerate the selling of opium and would take actions against traders. Commissioner Lin’s
words, which treat Britain as a tributary state dependent on the benevolence of China, reflect
the arrogance China had towards the outside world. However, the letter also reveals the
tensions building in China and the unsettling implications of Europe’s imperialistic designs.
These fears were confirmed in the First Opium War a year later, when the British inflicted
crushing defeats on the Chinese military and shattered the Chinese vision of omnipotence. The
British used the victory not only promote to the growth of the opium trade, but also to open
China to increasing Western influence.
For the complete text online, click here.
Art. I. Letter to the queen of England, from the high Imperial Commissioner Lin, and his
colleagues. From the Canton press.
Lin, high imperial commissioner, a president of the Board of War, viceroy of the two
Keäng provinces, &c., Tang, a president of the Board of War, viceroy of the two Kwang
provinces, &c., and E, a vice-president of the Board of War, lieut.-governor of Kwangtung,
&c., hereby conjointly address this public dispatch to the queen of England for the purpose
of giving her clear and distinct information (on the state of affairs) &c.
It is only our high and mighty emperor, who alike supports and cherishes those of
the Inner Land, and those from beyond the seas—who looks upon all mankind with equal
benevolence—who, if a source of profit exists anywhere, diffuses it over the whole world—
who, if the tree of evil takes root anywhere, plucks it up for the benefit of all nations—who,
in a word, hath implanted in his breast that heart (by which beneficent nature herself)
governs the heavens and the earth! You, the queen of your honorable nation, sit upon a
throne occupied through successive generations by predecessors, all of whom have been
styled respectful and obedient. Looking over the public documents accompanying the
tribute sent (by your predecessors) on various occasions, we find the following: "All the
people of my country, arriving at the Central Land for purposes of trade, .
1 Primary Source 13.0 LIN ZEXU, LETTER TO QUEEN V.docx
1
Primary Source 13.0
LIN ZEXU, LETTER TO QUEEN VICTORIA (1839)1
This letter was written by Lin Zexu, an important official in the Qing Dynasty, to Queen
Victoria of Britain. He wrote in response to the growing opium trade in China. For nearly 300
years, the Chinese had desired nothing from the Europeans but silver. In the late 1700s,
however, British merchants discovered an insatiable desire in China for opium. Traders began
delivering every greater quantities of the substance to Chinese territorial waters, where their
local counterparts added it to growing domestic production. (At this time, opium was not
illegal in Britain.) By the early 1800s, the drug was being used very widely in China and was
causing terrible social and health problems. The letter announced that China would no longer
tolerate the selling of opium and would take actions against traders. Commissioner Lin’s
words, which treat Britain as a tributary state dependent on the benevolence of China, reflect
the arrogance China had towards the outside world. However, the letter also reveals the
tensions building in China and the unsettling implications of Europe’s imperialistic designs.
These fears were confirmed in the First Opium War a year later, when the British inflicted
crushing defeats on the Chinese military and shattered the Chinese vision of omnipotence. The
British used the victory not only promote to the growth of the opium trade, but also to open
China to increasing Western influence.
For the complete text online, click here.
Art. I. Letter to the queen of England, from the high Imperial Commissioner Lin, and his
colleagues. From the Canton press.
Lin, high imperial commissioner, a president of the Board of War, viceroy of the two
Keäng provinces, &c., Tang, a president of the Board of War, viceroy of the two Kwang
provinces, &c., and E, a vice-president of the Board of War, lieut.-governor of Kwangtung,
&c., hereby conjointly address this public dispatch to the queen of England for the purpose
of giving her clear and distinct information (on the state of affairs) &c.
It is only our high and mighty emperor, who alike supports and cherishes those of
the Inner Land, and those from beyond the seas—who looks upon all mankind with equal
benevolence—who, if a source of profit exists anywhere, diffuses it over the whole world—
who, if the tree of evil takes root anywhere, plucks it up for the benefit of all nations—who,
in a word, hath implanted in his breast that heart (by which beneficent nature herself)
governs the heavens and the earth! You, the queen of your honorable nation, sit upon a
throne occupied through successive generations by predecessors, all of whom have been
styled respectful and obedient. Looking over the public documents accompanying the
tribute sent (by your predecessors) on various occasions, we find the following: "All the
people of my country, arriving at the Central Land for purposes of trade, ...
Collection 6.1Angelina Grimke, Appeal to the Christian Women of.docx
Collection 6.1
Angelina Grimke, "Appeal to the Christian Women of the South" (1836) "Then Mordecai commanded to answer Esther, Think not within thyself that thou shalt escape in the king's house more than all the Jews. For if thou altogether holdest thy peace at this time, then shall there enlargement and deliverance arise to the Jews from another place: but thou and thy father's house shall be destroyed: and who knoweth whether thou art come to the kingdom for such a time as this. And Esther bade them return Mordecai this answer:-and so will I go in unto the king, which is not according to law, and if I perish, I perish." Esther IV. 13-16. Respected Friends, It is because I feel a deep and tender interest in your present and eternal welfare that I am willing thus publicly to address you. Some of you have loved me as a relative, and some have felt bound to me in Christian sympathy, and Gospel fellowship; and even when compelled by a strong sense of duty, to break those outward bonds of union which bound us together as members of the same community, and members of the same religious denomination, you were generous enough to give me credit, for sincerity as a Christian, though you believed I had been most strangely deceived. I thanked you then for your kindness, and I ask you now, for the sake of former confidence, and former friendship, to read the following pages in the spirit of calm investigation and fervent prayer. It is because you have known me, that I write thus unto you. But there are other Christian women scattered over the Southern States, a very large number of whom have never seen me, and never heard my name, and who feel no interest whatever in me. But I feel an interest in you, as branches of the same vine from whose root I daily draw the principle of spiritual vitality-Yes! Sisters in Christ I feel an interest in you, and often has the secret prayer arisen on your behalf, Lord "open thou their eyes that they may see wondrous things out of thy Law"-It is then, because I do feel and do pray for you, that I thus address you upon a subject about which of all others, perhaps you would rather not hear anything; but, "would to God ye could bear with me a little in my folly, and indeed bear with me, for I am jealous over you with godly jealousy." Be not afraid then to read my appeal; it is not written in the heat of passion or prejudice, but in that solemn calmness which is the result of conviction and duty. It is true, I am going to tell you unwelcome truths, but I mean to speak those truths in love, and remember Solomon says, "faithful are the wounds of a friend." I do not believe the time has yet come when Christian women "will not endure sound doctrine," even on the subject of Slavery, if it is spoken to them in tenderness and love, therefore I now address you... ...But perhaps you will be ready to query, why appeal to women on this subject? We do not make the laws which perpetuate slavery. No legislative power is vested in us; we c.
6-2 Adams, Correspondence 145 15. That a General and equal.docx
6-2 Adams, Correspondence 145
15. That a General and equal land tax be laid throughout the State.
16. That people shall be taxed according to their estates.
17. That sheriff, clerk and register shall be chosen by the freeholders in every
county, the register to continue in office during good behaviour, the sheriff
to be elected every year. The same person to be capable to be elected every
year if all moneys due by virtue of his office shall be faithfully paid up.
18. That men shall be quieted in their titles and possessions and that provision
shall be made to secure men from being disturbed by old and foreign claims
against their landed possessions.
READinG AnD DiScuSSion QuESTionS
1. How would you summarize the type of government that the delegates were
instructed to support? Why do you think the citizens of Mecklenburg County
wanted the kind of government they described?
2. Did any of the instructions to delegates surprise you? How might you explain,
for instance, the instructions related to questions of religion?
6-2 | A call to “Remember the Ladies”
AbigAil And John AdAms, Correspondence (1776)
Just as the citizens of Mecklenburg County instructed their delegates on which rights to
demand, Abigail Adams sent similar instructions to her husband, John, then serving at the
Second Continental Congress meeting in Philadelphia. John was pivotal in moving the dele-
gates to declare independence, and the couple’s wonderfully rich letters provide a window
into the buildup to that historic moment. In addition to the personal hardships they endured
during the Revolutionary period, the letters reveal the lively discussions John and Abigail
shared over the place of women in the emerging republic. Abigail did not miss the opportu-
nity to lobby for her sex, and in one letter, reproduced here, she famously instructs her hus-
band to “remember the ladies” as he and his fellow delegates contemplate laws for the newly
independent states.
Abigail Adams to John Adams
Braintree, 31 March, 1776.
I wish you would ever write me a letter half as long as I write you; and tell me if
you may where your fleet are gone? What sort of defense Virginia can make
against our common enemy; whether it is so situated as to make an able defense.
Are not the gentry lords and the common people vassals, are they not like the
uncivilized vassals Britain represents us to be? I hope their riflemen, who have
shown themselves very savage and even blood-thirsty, are not a specimen of the
Charles Francis Adams, Familiar Letters of John Adams and His Wife Abigail Adams, During the
Revolution (Cambridge, MA: The Riverside Press, 1875), 148–155, 158–159.
FPP FPP
06_SHE_45762_ch06_140_163_r2wt.indd 145 10/12/13 10:43 AM
146 PART 3 / Chapter 6 Making War and Republican Governments, 1776–1789
generality of the people. I am willing to allow the colony great merit for having
produced a Washington; but they have been shamefully duped by a Dunmor.
Collected Works Abraham Lincoln (1862) ACS Colonization Plan to South America
Lincoln in 1862 had the backing of Congress to emigrate free blacks to South America. Congress also approved $600,000 to give southern white slave owners reparations for the loss of so-called property in the emigration plan. Freed Africans born in the US rejected Lincoln's proposal to emigrate. The Fed gov't relaxed the Militia Act Law and Africans w/o citizenship joined the Union Army to defeat the south secession plan from the Union.
Letter VI—On the PresbyteriansTHE CHURCH OF ENGLAND is con.docx
Letter VI—On the Presbyterians
THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND is confined almost to the kingdom whence it received its name, and to Ireland, for Presbyterianism is the established religion in Scotland. This Presbyterianism is directly the same with Calvinism, as it was established in France, and is now professed at Geneva. As the priests of this sect receive but very inconsiderable stipends from their churches, and consequently cannot emulate the splendid luxury of bishops, they exclaim very naturally against honours which they can never attain to. Figure to yourself the haughty Diogenes trampling under foot the pride of Plato. The Scotch Presbyterians are not very unlike that proud though tattered reasoner. Diogenes did not use Alexander half so impertinently as these treated King Charles II.; for when they took up arms in his cause in opposition to Oliver, who had deceived them, they forced that poor monarch to undergo the hearing of three or four sermons every day, would not suffer him to play, reduced him to a state of penitence and mortification, so that Charles soon grew sick of these pedants, and accordingly eloped from them with as much joy as a youth does from school.
1
A Church of England minister appears as another Cato in presence of a juvenile, sprightly French graduate, who bawls for a whole morning together in the divinity schools, and hums a song in chorus with ladies in the evening; but this Cato is a very spark when before a Scotch Presbyterian. The latter affects a serious gait, puts on a sour look, wears a vastly broad-brimmed hat and a long cloak over a very short coat, preaches through the nose, and gives the name of the whore of Babylon to all churches where the ministers are so fortunate as to enjoy an annual revenue of five or six thousand pounds, and where the people are weak enough to suffer this, and to give them the titles of my lord, your lordship, or your eminence.
2
These gentlemen, who have also some churches in England, introduced there the mode of grave and severe exhortations. To them is owing the sanctification of Sunday in the three kingdoms. People are there forbidden to work or take any recreation on that day, in which the severity is twice as great as that of the Romish Church. No operas, plays, or concerts are allowed in London on Sundays, and even cards are so expressly forbidden that none but persons of quality, and those we call the genteel, play on that day; the rest of the nation go either to church, to the tavern, or to see their mistresses.
3
Though the Episcopal and Presbyterian sects are the two prevailing ones in Great Britain, yet all others are very welcome to come and settle in it, and live very sociably together, though most of their preachers hate one another almost as cordially as a Jansenist damns a Jesuit.
4
Take a view of the Royal Exchange in London, a place more venerable than many courts of justice, where the representatives of all nations meet for the benefit of mankin ...
Ammianus Marcellinus (c.330-395 CE)History, XIV.16 The Luxury .docx
Ammianus Marcellinus (c.330-395 CE):
History, XIV.16: The Luxury of the Rich in Rome, c. 400 CE.
Rome is still looked upon as the queen of the earth, and the name of the Roman people is respected and venerated. But the magnificence of Rome is defaced by the inconsiderate levity of a few, who never recollect where they are born, but fall away into error and licentiousness as if a perfect immunity were granted to vice. Of these men, some, thinking that they can be handed down to immortality by means of statues, are eager after them, as if they would obtain a higher reward from brazen figures unendowed with sense than from a consciousness of upright and honorable actions; and they are even anxious to have them plated over with gold!
Others place the summit of glory in having a couch higher than usual, or splendid apparel; and so toil and sweat under a vast burden of cloaks which are fastened to their necks by many clasps, and blow about by the excessive fineness of the material, showing a desire by the continual wriggling of their bodies, and especially by the waving of the left hand, to make more conspicuous their long fringes and tunics, which are embroidered in multiform figures of animals with threads of divers colors.
Others again, put on a feigned severity of countenance, and extol their patrimonial estates in a boundless degree, exaggerating the yearly produce of their fruitful fields, which they boast of possessing in numbers, from east and west, being forsooth ignorant that their ancestors, who won greatness for Rome, were not eminent in riches; but through many a direful war overpowered their foes by valor, though little above the common privates in riches, or luxury, or costliness of garments.
If now you, as an honorable stranger, should enter the house of any passing rich man, you will be hospitably received, as though you were very welcome; and after having had many questions put to you, and having been forced to tell a number of lies, you will wonder---since the gentleman has never seen you before---that a person of high rank should pay such attention to a humble individual like yourself, so that you become exceeding happy, and begin to repent not having come to Rome ten years before. When, however, relying on this affability you do the same thing the next day, you will stand waiting as one utterly unknown and unexpected, while he who yesterday urged you to "come again," counts upon his fingers who you can be, marveling for a long time whence you came, and what you can want. But when at last you are recognized and admitted to his acquaintance, if you should devote yourself to him for three years running, and after that cease with your visits for the same stretch of time, then at last begin them again, you will never be asked about your absence any more than if you had been dead, and you will waste your whole life trying to court the humors of this blockhead.
But when those long and unwholesome banquets, which are indulged in at .
Mr. President, Friends and Fellow CitizensHe who could address .docx
Mr. President, Friends and Fellow Citizens:
He who could address this audience without a quailing sensation, has stronger nerves than I have. I do not remember ever to have appeared as a speaker before any assembly more shrinkingly, nor with greater distrust of my ability, than I do this day. A feeling has crept over me, quite unfavorable to the exercise of my limited powers of speech. The task before me is one which requires much previous thought and study for its proper performance. I know that apologies of this sort are generally considered flat and unmeaning. I trust, however, that mine will not be so considered. Should I seem at ease, my appearance would much misrepresent me. The little experience I have had in addressing public meetings, in country schoolhouses, avails me nothing on the present occasion.
The papers and placards say, that I am to deliver a 4th [of] July oration. This certainly sounds large, and out of the common way, for it is true that I have often had the privilege to speak in this beautiful Hall, and to address many who now honor me with their presence. But neither their familiar faces, nor the perfect gage I think I have of Corinthian Hall, seems to free me from embarrassment.
The fact is, ladies and gentlemen, the distance between this platform and the slave plantation, from which I escaped, is considerable — and the difficulties to be overcome in getting from the latter to the former, are by no means slight. That I am here to-day is, to me, a matter of astonishment as well as of gratitude. You will not, therefore, be surprised, if in what I have to say I evince no elaborate preparation, nor grace my speech with any high sounding exordium. With little experience and with less learning, I have been able to throw my thoughts hastily and imperfectly together; and trusting to your patient and generous indulgence, I will proceed to lay them before you.
This, for the purpose of this celebration, is the 4th of July. It is the birthday of your National Independence, and of your political freedom. This, to you, is what the Passover was to the emancipated people of God. It carries your minds back to the day, and to the act of your great deliverance; and to the signs, and to the wonders, associated with that act, and that day. This celebration also marks the beginning of another year of your national life; and reminds you that the Republic of America is now 76 years old. I am glad, fellow-citizens, that your nation is so young. Seventy-six years, though a good old age for a man, is but a mere speck in the life of a nation. Three score years and ten is the allotted time for individual men; but nations number their years by thousands. According to this fact, you are, even now, only in the beginning of your national career, still lingering in the period of childhood. I repeat, I am glad this is so. There is hope in the thought, and hope is much needed, under the dark clouds which lower above the horizon. The eye of the reformer i.
2Diversity management in Organizations. So far, I have b.docx
2
Diversity management in Organizations.
So far, I have been able to identify the significance of diversity knowledge by managers and other leaders in an organization. I have researched the various social constructs that are commonly used when referring to diversity in an organization. Such include race, gender, age, personality, education background, cognition level among others.
In addressing the need for diversity management, I have looked at from a globalization perspective. This has been informed by the realization that globalization has enabled organizations to operate on global levels thereby recruiting employees from all walks of life. As a result, interests, values, practices, norms, cultures will often collide when they are not respected by an organization management and passed to the entire workforce.
I am still working on accumulating evidence of the actual benefits of diversity management. This also includes the evidence on the challenges that managers face while striving to achieving diversity in their organization. Identifying the benefits and challenges of diversity management is critical especially now that the diversity is almost inevitable in any organization that wishes to grow internationally.
Among the questions that am still struggling with include the following: what techniques can managers deploy to ensure they effectively manage diversity in their organization? How should managers ensure they prevent conflicts that emerge due to diversity in their places of work?
I intend to complete this assignment by indulging in further research from literature provided in peer reviewed journal articles and any other credible sources. This will provide answers to the questions that have not yet been answered.
References
Helen Eboh CLETUS, N. A. (2018). Prospects and Challenges of Workplace Diversity in Modern Day Organizations: A Critical Review. HOLISTICA.
Nisa, A. S. (2016). Managing diversity and equality in the workplace. Cogent Business & Management.
Rahman, U. H. (2019). Diversity Management and the Role of Leader. Open Economic.
Shaban, A. (2016). Managing and Leading a Diverse Workforce: One of the Main Challenges in Management. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences.
Excerpts from Parliamentary Debates Over Military Emancipation, 1775-1781
Edmund Burke in House of Commons on military emancipation – 22 March 1775
· “With regard to the high aristocratic spirit of Virginia and the southern colonies, it has been proposed, I know, to reduce it, by declaring a general enfranchisement of their slaves. This project has had its advocates and panegyrists; yet I never could argue myself into any opinion of it. Slaves are often much attached to their masters. A general wild offer of liberty would not always be accepted. History furnishes few instances of it. It is sometimes as hard to persuade slaves to be free, as it is to compel freemen to be slaves, and in this auspicious scheme, we should have both these pleas.
2Diversity management in Organizations. So far, I have b.docx
2
Diversity management in Organizations.
So far, I have been able to identify the significance of diversity knowledge by managers and other leaders in an organization. I have researched the various social constructs that are commonly used when referring to diversity in an organization. Such include race, gender, age, personality, education background, cognition level among others.
In addressing the need for diversity management, I have looked at from a globalization perspective. This has been informed by the realization that globalization has enabled organizations to operate on global levels thereby recruiting employees from all walks of life. As a result, interests, values, practices, norms, cultures will often collide when they are not respected by an organization management and passed to the entire workforce.
I am still working on accumulating evidence of the actual benefits of diversity management. This also includes the evidence on the challenges that managers face while striving to achieving diversity in their organization. Identifying the benefits and challenges of diversity management is critical especially now that the diversity is almost inevitable in any organization that wishes to grow internationally.
Among the questions that am still struggling with include the following: what techniques can managers deploy to ensure they effectively manage diversity in their organization? How should managers ensure they prevent conflicts that emerge due to diversity in their places of work?
I intend to complete this assignment by indulging in further research from literature provided in peer reviewed journal articles and any other credible sources. This will provide answers to the questions that have not yet been answered.
References
Helen Eboh CLETUS, N. A. (2018). Prospects and Challenges of Workplace Diversity in Modern Day Organizations: A Critical Review. HOLISTICA.
Nisa, A. S. (2016). Managing diversity and equality in the workplace. Cogent Business & Management.
Rahman, U. H. (2019). Diversity Management and the Role of Leader. Open Economic.
Shaban, A. (2016). Managing and Leading a Diverse Workforce: One of the Main Challenges in Management. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences.
Excerpts from Parliamentary Debates Over Military Emancipation, 1775-1781
Edmund Burke in House of Commons on military emancipation – 22 March 1775
· “With regard to the high aristocratic spirit of Virginia and the southern colonies, it has been proposed, I know, to reduce it, by declaring a general enfranchisement of their slaves. This project has had its advocates and panegyrists; yet I never could argue myself into any opinion of it. Slaves are often much attached to their masters. A general wild offer of liberty would not always be accepted. History furnishes few instances of it. It is sometimes as hard to persuade slaves to be free, as it is to compel freemen to be slaves, and in this auspicious scheme, we should have both these pleas ...
Patrick Henry’s Speech No man thinks more highly than I do of.docx
Patrick Henry’s Speech:
No man thinks more highly than I do of the patriotism, as well as abilities, of the very worthy gentlemen who have just addressed the house. But different men often see the same subject in different lights; and, therefore, I hope it will not be thought disrespectful to those gentlemen if, entertaining as I do opinions of a character very opposite to theirs, I shall speak forth my sentiments freely and without reserve. This is no time for ceremony. The question before the house is one of awful moment to this country. For my own part, I consider it as nothing less than a question of freedom or slavery; and in proportion to the magnitude of the subject ought to be the freedom of the debate. It is only in this way that we can hope to arrive at the truth, and fulfill the great responsibility which we hold to God and our country. Should I keep back my opinions at such a time, through fear of giving offense, I should consider myself as guilty of treason towards my country, and of an act of disloyalty toward the Majesty of Heaven, which I revere above all earthly kings.??Mr. President, it is natural to man to indulge in the illusions of hope. We are apt to shut our eyes against a painful truth, and listen to the song of that siren till she transforms us into beasts. Is this the part of wise men, engaged in a great and arduous struggle for liberty? Are we disposed to be of the numbers of those who, having eyes, see not, and, having ears, hear not, the things which so nearly concern their temporal salvation? For my part, whatever anguish of spirit it may cost, I am willing to know the whole truth, to know the worst, and to provide for it.??I have but one lamp by which my feet are guided, and that is the lamp of experience. I know of no way of judging of the future but by the past. And judging by the past, I wish to know what there has been in the conduct of the British ministry for the last ten years to justify those hopes with which gentlemen have been pleased to solace themselves and the House. Is it that insidious smile with which our petition has been lately received???Trust it not, sir; it will prove a snare to your feet. Suffer not yourselves to be betrayed with a kiss. Ask yourselves how this gracious reception of our petition comports with those warlike preparations which cover our waters and darken our land. Are fleets and armies necessary to a work of love and reconciliation? Have we shown ourselves so unwilling to be reconciled that force must be called in to win back our love? Let us not deceive ourselves, sir. These are the implements of war and subjugation; the last arguments to which kings resort.??I ask gentlemen, sir, what means this martial array, if its purpose be not to force us to submission? Can gentlemen assign any other possible motive for it? Has Great Britain any enemy, in this quarter of the world, to call for all this accumulation of navies and armies? No, sir, she has none. They are meant for us: t.
RemRem $Header sh_cremv.sql 01-feb-2001.151321 ahunold Exp $.docx
Rem
Rem $Header: sh_cremv.sql 01-feb-2001.15:13:21 ahunold Exp $
Rem
Rem sh_cremv.sql
Rem
Rem Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation 2001. All Rights Reserved.
Rem
Rem NAME
Rem sh_cremv.sql - Create materialized views
Rem
Rem DESCRIPTION
Rem SH is the Sales History schema of the Oracle 9i Sample
Rem Schemas
Rem
Rem NOTES
Rem
Rem
Rem MODIFIED (MM/DD/YY)
Rem hbaer 01/29/01 - Created
Rem ahunold 03/05/01 - no DROPs needed, part of creation script
REM AKHTAR 16/03/05 - updated
Rem first materialized view; simple aggregate join MV
Rem equivalent to example 1 in MV chapter DWG, page 8-11
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW cal_month_sales_mv
PCTFREE 5
BUILD IMMEDIATE
REFRESH FORCE
ENABLE QUERY REWRITE
AS
SELECT t.calendar_month_desc
, sum(s.amount_sold) AS Money
FROM sales s
, times t
WHERE s.time_id = t.time_id
GROUP BY t.calendar_month_desc;
Rem more complex mv with additional key columns to join to other dimensions;
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW fweek_pscat_sales_mv
PCTFREE 5
BUILD IMMEDIATE
REFRESH COMPLETE
ENABLE QUERY REWRITE
AS
SELECT t.week_ending_day
, p.prod_subcategory
, sum(s.amount_sold) AS Money
, s.channel_id
, s.promo_id
FROM sales s
, times t
, products p
WHERE s.time_id = t.time_id
AND s.prod_id = p.prod_id
GROUP BY t.week_ending_day
, p.prod_subcategory
, s.channel_id
, s.promo_id;
CREATE BITMAP INDEX FW_PSC_S_MV_SUBCAT_BIX
ON fweek_pscat_sales_mv(prod_subcategory);
CREATE BITMAP INDEX FW_PSC_S_MV_CHAN_BIX
ON fweek_pscat_sales_mv(channel_id);
CREATE BITMAP INDEX FW_PSC_S_MV_PROMO_BIX
ON fweek_pscat_sales_mv(promo_id);
CREATE BITMAP INDEX FW_PSC_S_MV_WD_BIX
ON fweek_pscat_sales_mv(week_ending_day);
19.4. RICHMOND PLANET AND WISCONSIN WEEKLY ADVOCATE, EXCERPTS FROM LETTERS FROM AFRICAN AMERICAN SOLDIERS IN THE PHILIPPINES (1899–1900)
Black soldiers serving in the Philippines to put down the insurgency against the United States sent letters to African American newspapers relating their experiences on the islands. Some disheartened soldiers found that the color line extended far beyond the boundaries of the United States, while others saw action in the Philippines as a chance to prove their patriotism and their equality. The first and third letters below were published in the Richmond Planet on December 30, 1899, and December 22, 1900, respectively. The second letter was published in the Milwaukee newspaper Wis- consin Weekly Advocate on May 17, 1900.
Dear Mr. Editor: We received copies of the Planet sent to us at this point. You can imagine how much we appreciated them when we had not seen a paper of any kind for weeks, and as for an Afro-American paper, I can not remember when I last laid eyes on one. . . .
The whites have begun to establish their diaboli- cal race hatred in all its home rancor in Manila, even endeavo.
The Revolution And Black America
The Revolution And Black AmericaThe Fannie Lou Hamer National Institute on Citizenship and Democracy
2010 JPS Teach American History· Clarifying some things on the Revolution I am going to say som.docx
· Clarifying some things on the Revolution
I am going to say something, and I want you to hear me.
I am a scholar of the Revolution. That's the topic of my dissertation. Please believe me when I say that I know a lot about it.
I also happen to know--and this is well-supported by historians--that the Revolution was a civil war in which, for the first several years, Revolutionaries and Loyalists were evenly matched.
I will repeat that. Evenly matched. Loyalists were not merely too cowardly to fight, and they were not old fogies who hated the idea of freedom. Most had been in the Colonies for generations. Many of them took up arms for their King and their country. And when they lost, you confiscated their homes and they fled with the clothes on their back to Canada, England, and other places of the Empire. Both sides--both sides--committed unspeakable atrocities against civilians whom they disagreed with.
Now, a lot of you love to repeat some very fervent patriotic diatribe about how great the Revolution was. That's not history. That's propaganda. Know the difference.
History has shades of gray. History is complex and ambiguous. Washington, for instance, wore dentures made from the teeth of his slaves. Benjamin Franklin's son was the last royal governor of New Jersey. Did you know that the net tax rate for Americans--they always conveniently leave this out of the textbooks--was between 1.9 and 2.1%, depending on colony.? And that was if they had paid the extra taxes on tea and paper.
And, wait for it, people who support California independence use the same logic and arguments as they did in 1775. Did you know that the Los Angeles and Washington are only a few hundred miles closer than Boston and London? That many of the same issues, point by point, are repeating here in California? So put yourself in those shoes. How many of you would have sided with the Empire (whether American or British) based on the fact that you don't know how this will shake out? Would you call someone who supports Calexit a Patriot? Revolutionary? Nutcase? Who gets to own that word, anyway?
You can choose that you would have supported the revolutionaries--but think. Think about the other side. They matter, and their experiences got to be cleansed out of history to make you feel better about the way the revolutionaries behaved during the War. Acknowledge that they are there, and that their point of view has merit, even if you not agree with it.
· Clarifying Unit III's assignment
I have noticed a few consistent problems with the letter in the Unit III issue. Here are some pointers to make it better.
1. Read the clarifying note I wrote above. Note that the taxes aren't actually as high as you have been led to believe, but the point is that they should not be assigned at all without your consent.
2. Acknowledge that this is a debate, that a certain percentage are radicalized for independence, but there are is also a law-and-order group who find this horrific, and want .
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2Diversity management in Organizations. So far, I have b.docx
2Diversity management in Organizations. So far, I have b.docx
2Diversity management in Organizations. So far, I have b.docx
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Patrick Henry’s Speech No man thinks more highly than I do of.docx
GJIMNAZI ERENST KOLIQI WENDI KODHELI DETYRE NE HISTORI 10/QERSHOR 2013
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RemRem $Header sh_cremv.sql 01-feb-2001.151321 ahunold Exp $.docx
RemRem $Header sh_cremv.sql 01-feb-2001.151321 ahunold Exp $.docx
· Clarifying some things on the Revolution I am going to say som.docx
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Zoe is a second grader with autism spectrum disorders. Zoe’s father recently passed away in a tragic car accident. Zoe, her mom, and two older brothers have temporarily relocated from out-of-state and are now living in her grandparents’ house in a small, rural community.
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· Performance increases as arousal increases but when arousal gets too high performance dramatically decreases. This is usually caused by the performer becoming anxious and sometimes making wrong decisions. Catastrophes is caused by a combination of cognitive and somatic anxieties. Cognitive is the internal worries of not performing well while somatic is the physical effects of muscle tension/butterflies and fatigue through playing.
· The graph is an inverted U where the x line is the arousal and the y is the performance. Performance peaks on the top of the inverted U and the catastrophe happens in the fall of the inverted U
HIGH TRAIT ANXIETY ATHLETES… HOW DO THEY PERCEIVE COMPETITION?
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Ziyao Li
IAS 3753
Dr. Manata Hashemi
Working Title:
The Education Gap
Research Question:
How did the youth of Iran make up the education gap resulted from the Cultural Revolution from 1980 to 1982?
This is a critical question because it involves both education and the youth of Iran. Education and the youth are both very fundamental perspectives for a society to thrive. During the cultural revolution, the education system was shut down, which would undermine the overall quality of a generation. Research of this issue will lead us to the methods used to make up the education gap. It is possible to help other countries suffering similar issues.
Thesis Statement:
After the Iran’s cultural revolution during 1980 to 1982, the youth of Iran made up the education gap caused during the revolution by promoting student movements.
Outline:
· Introduction:
· Cultural Revolution happened in Iran during 1980 to 1982. The education institutions like universities were shut down for the 3-year period. And this gap in education brought significant influence on the youth of Iran at that time. However, the education gap was made up successfully after the revolution.
· State the thesis statement:
· The education gap is made up by the youth in Iran. They promoted the student movement to help the society recover from the revolution.
· The scars left from the revolution
· The revolution lasted 3 years, young people who were supposed to be students had to quit school. The government forced schools to close. The chain of delivering knowledge was broken. And young people cannot find proper things to do when quitting school.
· Student movements
· After the cultural revolution, people in Iran realized they need to correct the current education situation recover the damages resulted from the revolution. Since Iran’s youth has a great number in the society, their power was not to be ignored. They started to fight for their own rights and profits. They were looking for ways to make up the damage has been down. Then the student movement eventually worked for recovering Iran’s education level.
· Conclusion
· The cultural revolution in Iran hurt its education continuity. However, the youth of Iran managed to make up for the damage caused by the cultural revolution. Student movements played the dominant role in this recovering process.
Bibliography:
Khosrow Sobhe (1982) Education in Revolution: is Iran duplicating the Chinese Cultural Revolution?, Comparative Education, 18:3, 271-280, DOI: 10.1080/0305006820180304
Mashayekhi M. The Revival of the Student Movement in Post-Revolutionary Iran. International Journal of Politics, Culture & Society. 2001;15(2):283. doi:10.1023/A:1012977219524.
Razavi, R. (2009). The Cultural Revolution in Iran, with Close Regard to the Universities, and its Impact on the Student Movement. Middle Eastern Studies, 45(1), 1–17. https://doi-org.ezproxy.lib.ou.edu/10.1080/00263200802547586
ZABARDAST, S. (2015). Flourishing of Occid.
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Ziyan Huang (Jerry)
Assignment 4
Brand Positioning
Professor Gaur
Target audience:
HR in Ping An Bank Co., Ltd. HRs (interviewers who hire people) from Ping An Bank are usually female, aged 30-40, who look friendly and easy-going. They are sophisticated and skeptic when checking people’s resumes and asking questions during interview. Usually, HRs care about four things: 1. Graduate school ranking. 2. Working experience in bank 3. Oral expression. 4. Personal character. They prefer people who are enthusiastic, energetic and hard-working.
Q1:
Compared to other people who also look for jobs in Ping An Bank, my points of parity would be: 1. I have earned a master degree in a Top 40 U.S. graduate school. 2. I have some intern experience in another bank. My points of differentiation would be: 1. I am confidence in speaking and self-expression. I can serve both Chinese and American clients because I speak fluent Mandarin and English. 2. I am energetic and hard-working. I always have passion in learning something new, which is a key for me to develop working skills.
Q2:
My brand essence: “Energetic, hard-working and modest.”
Q3:
Positioning statement:
Ziyan Huang is for employers from bank,
Who look for excellent employees.
Ziyan Huang is an energetic, hard-working NYU graduate student,
That has passion in developing new working skills.
Because he can speak fluent Mandarin and English,
And have one year working experience in China Merchant Bank,
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Zhtavius Moye04192019BUSA 4126SWOT AnalysisDr. Setliff.docx
Zhtavius Moye
04/19/2019
BUSA 4126
SWOT Analysis
Dr. Setliff
PORSCHE
Strengths
· Brand Recognition
Not only a brand, but a status symbol for wealth and luxury
· Lean Factory Production
Manpower is low compared to the use of raw materials and supplies
· High Profit Share
The reputation is well-known for good treatment
Weaknesses
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Porsche has offered the same line of cars for years before extending.
· Limited Customer Sector
Not everyone can afford a Porsche
· Location
Since beginning of time, Porsche has been in Stuttgart, Germany. No space to expand
Opportunities
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· Electric Mobility
A chance to expand Porsche name to many more industries and markets with top competitors such as Tesla.
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· S3, O1: The annual profitability of the company will encourage others to become a part of the business.
· S2, O1: The cost of a Porsche effects expansion, but by expanding to China could significantly increase rates.
· S3, O1: The location in Germany is a problem for expansion due to limited space of Stuttgart.
Threats
· Technology
Modern technology is advancing to lower cost vehicles.
· Market Competition
Vehicles with similar characteristics at lower cost.
· S3, O2: Weighing heavily on the market Porsche’s reputation will continue to stand abroad its competitors.
· S2, O1: Limited labor will call for more software developers in the more modern technology, especially introducing the fully electric Porsche Taycan.
· S1, O1: Porsche is a company that believes in staying at its classic and luxury perception to their buyers. Still giving all newly updated technology certain things such as an automatic start engine will not be an asset.
· S2, O2: Combined leaves Porsche at a limitation of customers making it hard to expand the market.
VIOLATION OF CIVIL RIGHTS ACT IN ELECTIONS 1
VIOLATION OF CIVIL RIGHTS ACT IN ELECTIONS 2
Violation of Civil Rights Act in Elections
Jake Bookard
Savannah State University
Violation of Civil Rights Act in Elections
Introduction
Despite the assurance of minority voter’s rights by the constitution and the fourteenth amendment, cases of rights violation with regards to the voting process are still on the rise in the US. Minority groups are often discriminated or blocked from participating in the voting process both in ways that they can discern and through cunning plans that can involve the voting process. Some of the main reasons why minorities’ constitutional rights are violated include racial discrimination by majority races, and to manipulate the outcome of the elections so as to keep minority groups out of the political leadership structure. The fourteenth amendment and the constitution do not sufficiently safeguard the rights of minority groups during elections beca.
Zichun Gao Professor Karen Accounting 1AIBM FInancial Stat.docx
Zichun Gao Professor Karen Accounting 1A
IBM FInancial Statement Analysis
Financial Ratios 2019 2018 Formula
Current Ratio 1.02 1.29 CA/CL
Profit Margin 12.22% 12.35% Net Income/Total Revenue
Receiveables Turnover 9.80 10.71 Revenue/Average AR
Average Collection Period 36.72 33.62 365/Receiveables Turnover
Inventory Turnover 25.11 25.36 COST/Average Inventory
Days in Inventory 14.53 14.39 365/Inventory Turnover
Debts to Asset Ratio 0.86 0.86 Total Debts/Total Assets
IBM's days in inventory is around two weeks and this means that goods in the inventory
as efficnetly distributed and that there is a consitantly good inventory control for the
company.
The company's debts to assets ratio is the same for two years and this means that the
company has less debt than asset. However, it is still a relatively poor ratio because this
might show that there are potential problems for the company to generate sufficient
revenue.
The current ratio of the company has decreased over the year, and this means that the
company has less liquid assets to cover its short term liabilities. Since the ratio is
currently approaching 1, the company might be having liquidation problem.
The profit margin for IBM is very stable and it has been about 12% for two years. The
company is performing the profit-generating ability at an average level and it is having
an average profit margin in the industry.
The receiveables turnover is good for the company while between these two years, there
is a decline. As the company is collecting its accounts receiveables around 10 times per
year, the collection is frequent.
The company has been collecting money from customers on credit sales approximately
once every month, and the company usually has fast credit collection, which means that
the risk for credit sales is relatively low.
Inventory turnover measures how many times a company sells and replaces inventory
during a year and for IBM, the number of times is stable and it is constantly around 25.
This means that the company has an efficient control of its goods in the inventory.
Free Cash Flow 11.90 11.90 CF_Operation-Capital Expenditures
Return on Assets 0.06 0.08 Net Income/Total Assets
Asset Turnover 0.51 0.65 Revenue/Assets
Figures From Financial Statement
From Income Statement pg.68
Net Income 9431 9828
Total Revenue 77147 79591
Cost 40657 42655
From Consolidated Balance Sheet pg.70
Current Assets 38420 49146
Current Liabilities 37701 38227
Accounts Receiveables 7870 7432
Inventory 1619 1682
Total Assets 152186 123382
Total Liabilities 131202 106452
From Cash Flow Overview pg.59
Net Cash From Op 14.3 15.6
Capital expenditures 2.4 3.7
The company currently has 11.9 billion dollars free cash flow for two years and this is a
relatively high level of free cash flow. With the high free cash flow, the company can
have more oportunity to expand, invest in new projects, pay dividends, or invest the
money into Resea.
Zheng Hes Inscription This inscription was carved on a stele erec.docx
Zheng He's Inscription
This inscription was carved on a stele erected at a temple to the goddess the Celestial Spouse at Changle in Fujian province in 1431. Message written before his last voyage.
The Imperial Ming Dynasty unifying seas and continents, surpassing the three dynasties even goes beyond the Han and Tang dynasties. The countries beyond the horizon and from the ends of the earth have all become subjects and to the most western of the western or the most northern of the northern countries, however far they may be, the distance and the routes may be calculated. Thus the barbarians from beyond the seas, though their countries are truly distant, "have come to audience bearing precious objects and presents.
The Emperor, approving of their loyalty and sincerity, has ordered us (Zheng) He and others at the head of several tens of thousands of officers and flag-troops to ascend (use) more than one hundred large ships to go and confer presents on them in order to make manifest (make it happen) the transforming power of the (imperial) virtue and to treat distant people with kindness. From the third year of Yongle (1405) till now we have seven times received the commission (official permission) of ambassadors to countries of the western ocean. The barbarian countries which we have visited are: by way of Zhancheng (Champa Cambodia), Zhaowa (Java), Sanfoqi (Palembang- Indonesia) and Xianlo (Siam/Thailand) crossing straight over to Xilanshan (Ceylon- Sri Lanka) in South India, Guli (Calicut) [India], and Kezhi (Cochin India), we have gone to the western regions Hulumosi (Hormuz Between Oman and Iran), Adan (Aden), Mugudushu (Mogadishu- Somalia), altogether more than thirty countries large and small. We have traversed more than one hundred thousand li (distance of 500 meters) of immense water spaces and have beheld in the ocean huge waves like mountains rising sky-high, and we have set eyes on barbarian regions far away hidden in a blue transparency of light vapours, while our sails loftily unfurled like clouds day and night continued their course (rapid like that) of a star, traversing those savage waves as if we were treading a public thoroughfare. Truly this was due to the majesty and the good fortune of the Court and moreover we owe it to the protecting virtue of the divine Celestial Spouse.
The power of the goddess having indeed been manifested in previous times has been abundantly revealed in the present generation. When we arrived in the distant countries we captured alive those of the native kings who were not respectful and exterminated those barbarian robbers who were engaged in piracy, so that consequently the sea route was cleansed and pacified (to make someone or something peaceful) and the natives put their trust in it. All this is due to the favours of the goddess.
We have respectfully received an Imperial commemorative composition (essay/piece of writing) exalting the miraculous favours, which is the highest recompense and.
Zhou 1Time and Memory in Two Portal Fantasies An Analys.docx
Zhou 1
Time and Memory in Two Portal Fantasies: An Analysis of Alice’s Adventure in Wonderland and "Windeye"
Life is a collection of moments, and some memories last forever. Brian Evenson
demonstrated this in “Windeye,”a story of a man who faces mental challenges because of the
life-long memory of his sister. In spite of the fact that his mother insists that the sister did not
exist, the protagonist stuck to this belief until his old age. The basis of the protagonist’s
problems is the intense love and unforgettable memories he shared with his imagined sister.
A great portion of his childhood memories is centered around his sister and their exploration
of the windeye. Windeye, the corruption of the word window, is a portal that causes the
disappearance of the protagonist’s sister. The popular portal fantasy, Alice’s Adventure in Wonderland, illustrates a similar story in the same sub-genre where a girl travels through a
rabbit hole and experiences a fantasy world which chronicles her changes from naive child-
like responses to more adult-like problem solving reactions. In “Windeye,” Brian Evenson
utilizes the portal trope to develop conflict and outcomes while exploring the themes of time
and memory. In both stories, the use of the portal trope creates a distinct world that is
separate from reality; however, the outcomes are different, and ultimately, Alice’s Adventure in Wonderland presents the theme of growth while “Windeye” explores time and memories.
The use of time factors allows the reader to travel back to the origin of the story in “Windeye” and experience the beginning of the central conflict. It is in his past that the
protagonist develops strong childhood memories of a sister, which is the cause of his future
mental challenges. In the present, the narrator is old and rickety as he uses a cane to walk but
is still reminiscent of the past (Evenson). He holds firm to the belief that he might have a
chance of meeting his sister again and thus contemplates the future and the sister’s
appearance. The plot of “Windeye” is composed of distinctive life moments: the past, the
present, and the future, which offer a clear and complete description of the events. The theme
Zhou 2
of time allows the reader to understand why the protagonist profoundly feels that his sister exists. In essence, it is time travel that gives the story a picture of the events that lead to the current situation.
The portal fantasy is a fictional literary device where a character enters into a
fantastical world through a portal or a hole. In Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, Carroll
uses a rabbit hole as a physical portal to move through time. Comparably, Evenson utilizes
the windeye, a window that can only be seen from one side, as a physical portal. When the
sister touches the windeye, her brother believes that she enters into another reality through
the portal as Alice does. In contrast, the protagonist also experiences a new reality as he is.
Zhang 1Yixiang ZhangTamara KuzmenkovEnglish 101.docx
Zhang 1
Yixiang Zhang
Tamara Kuzmenkov
English 101
June 2, 2020
Comparing Gas-Powered Cars and Electric Cars
Electric cars have become increasingly popular in the past century. These cars use
electric motors instead of conventional gasoline engines. Electric cars pollute less and utilize
energy more efficiently than gas-powered vehicles; therefore, modern research is focusing on
improving electric vehicles, such as increasing the storage capacity of the batteries. This essay
seeks to identify the differences and similarities between the two types of cars focusing on their
performance, price, and convenience.
An electric car is a car that is primarily powered by electricity. The conventional gas-
powered cars require diesel or gasoline to power the engines. These cars have gas tanks that store
fuel and the engine converts the gas to the energy that powers the motor. Similarly, electric cars
have batteries, or fuel cells that store and convert electricity to energy used to propel electric
motors (What Are Electric Cars?). Four components present in electric cars distinguish it from
the gas-powered cars (Alternative Fuels Data Center: How Do All-Electric Cars Work?). The
first is the charge port. Since electricity powers an electric car, there has to be a port to connect
to an external power source when charging the battery. The second is an electric traction motor
that propels the vehicle. The third is a traction battery pack. This battery serves the same purpose
as the gas tank; thus, it stocks electric power to propel the motor. The forth is a direct current
converter. This component converts the current to low voltage power that is needed to power the
electric engine.
Tamara Kuzmenkov
90000001730094
You need to watch the panapto session for this paper assignment and FOLLOW the instructions I give there. Your topic sentence must follow the patterns set forth by your thesis. So, this first paragraph must have a topic sentence about GAS POWERED cars and PRICE. That is what you have set forth in your thesis. Watch the panapto session. And ask me questions if you do not understand what I mean.
Tamara Kuzmenkov
90000001730094
No, you cannot 'announce' what your essay will do. And this is NOT the thesis I approved. What I approved:"Both gas-powered cars and electric cars are now in use, but their price, performance and convenience may vary, which may influence people's decisions about which type to use."
Zhang 2
Differences between gas-powered cars and electric cars
The initial purchase price of an electric car is much higher than that of a gas-powered car.
Consumers intending to own a vehicle have the option of buying or leasing. The initial cost of a
car depends on an individual's disposable income and savings. Knez et al. noted that "When it
comes to financial features, the most important thing seems to be the total price of the vehicle"
(55). The difference in price between electr.
Zhang 1Nick ZhangMr. BetheaLyric Peotry13.docx
Zhang �1
Nick Zhang
Mr. Bethea
Lyric Peotry
13 November 2018
Reputation by Taylor Swift
After Taylor Swift fell into disrepute, she was truly reborn. As a creative singer
who reveals a lot of real life emotions and details in her works, she constantly refines
and shares her emotional connection with her audience. In her new album, people find
resonance in her work, connect it with their own lives. "Reputation" is not only the
original efforts of Taylor Swift, but also means that she turned gorgeously and
dominated. This album is like a swearing word from her to the world. Revenge fantasy,
sweet love, painful growth... all the good and bad things that happened in these stages
of life, her music seems to have gone through with us all over again.
But last August, the now 28-year-old singer declared that "the old Taylor is
dead" in her eerie single "Look What You Made Me Do," the beginning of a new era for
Swift (Weatherby). The disclosure of the society, the accusations of rumor makers,
these straight-forward lyrics shred the ugly face of those unscrupulous people. Taylor
Swift did not endure the rumors in the society, but created this rock album after the
silence. If 1989 is still what Taylor hopes to gain the understanding of the public, this
album is really a matter of opening up the past concerns, saying goodbye to the past
as well as being a true Taylor Swift. No longer caring about the so-called "reputation ",
preferring to be burned to death by those ridiculous "images." This air of newfound
jadedness is one of the many ways in which Swift broadcasts her long-overdue loss of
Zhang �2
innocence on “Reputation,” an album that captures the singer during the most
turbulent but commercially successful period of her career. (Primeau)
The cover is black and white, the picture is Taylor's head, and the side is the
newspaper's article and title words. The cover of the album may be a metaphor, it
reveals that Taylor can no longer stand the report of the gossip media, and the chain on
the neck represents depression and breathlessness. The theme and style of the album
are all refined from their own lives. The emotions and themes interpreted in her songs
make the audience feel more deeply that her album is her life. Without even using any
real words, fans can surmise what this means — a reference to the endless headlines
and stories the singer has spurred in recent years. (Primeau) Reputation, come to diss
the past and all opponents.
The lyrics and MV are full of real stalks in Taylor Swift's life , with Taylor's
resentment for circles and industry since his debut. In the era of streaming singles, she
is the rare young star who still worships at the altar of the album, an old-fashioned
instinct that serves her surprisingly well. (Battan) "Look What You Made Me Do" is a
counterattack against Kanye West and Kim Kardashian, Katy Perry and numerous
online "black mold". And .
Zero trust is a security stance for networking based on not trusting.docx
Zero trust is a security stance for networking based on not trusting any users, devices, or applications by default, even those that are already on the network. The zero trust model uses identity and access management (IAM) as a foundation for an organization’s security program. For this assignment:
Research the zero trust model.
Write a report that describes the following:
The purpose of zero trust and what differentiates it from other security models
An overview of how zero trust works in a network environment
How zero trust incorporates least privilege access through role-based access control (RBAC) and/or attribute-based access control (ABAC)
Need 2 pages around 600 words
.
Zero plagiarism4 referencesNature offers many examples of sp.docx
Zero plagiarism
4 references
Nature offers many examples of specialization and collaboration. Ant colonies and bee hives are but two examples of nature’s sophisticated organizations. Each thrives because their members specialize by tasks, divide labor, and collaborate to ensure food, safety, and general well-being of the colony or hive.
In this Discussion, you will reflect on your own observations of and/or experiences with informaticist collaboration. You will also propose strategies for how these collaborative experiences might be improved.
Of course, humans don’t fare too badly in this regard either. And healthcare is a great example. As specialists in the collection, access, and application of data, nurse informaticists collaborate with specialists on a regular basis to ensure that appropriate data is available to make decisions and take actions to ensure the general well-being of patients.
Post
a description of experiences or observations about how nurse informaticists and/or data or technology specialists interact with other professionals within your healthcare organization. Suggest at least one strategy on how these interactions might be improved. Be specific and provide examples. Then, explain the impact you believe the continued evolution of nursing informatics as a specialty and/or the continued emergence of new technologies might have on professional interactions.
.
Zero plagiarism4 referencesLearning ObjectivesStudents w.docx
Zero plagiarism
4 references
Learning Objectives
Students will:
Develop diagnoses for clients receiving psychotherapy*
Analyze legal and ethical implications of counseling clients with psychiatric disorders*
* The Assignment related to this Learning Objective is introduced this week and
submitted
in
Week 4
.
Select a client whom you observed or counseled this week. Then, address the following in your Practicum Journal:
Describe the client (without violating HIPAA regulations) and identify any pertinent history or medical information, including prescribed medications.
Using the
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders
, 5th edition (DSM-5), explain and justify your diagnosis for this client.
Explain any legal and/or ethical implications related to counseling this client.
Support your approach with evidence-based literature.
.
Zero Plagiarism or receive a grade of a 0.Choose one important p.docx
Zero Plagiarism or receive a grade of a 0.
Choose one important police function: Law enforcement, order maintenance or service, etc.
OR
Choose one important police strategy: Traditional Policing, Community Policing, Data Driven Policing, etc.
Write a research paper describing the strateugy or function in detail and discussing the significance of the strategy or function with respect to the roles in society.
Format: Title Page, Outline, Text, and References
Must have 3 sources
You can use your textbook: Cox, Steven M., et al. (2020). Introduction to Policing. Fourth Edition. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Paper must by 6 pages long
APA Style
.
ZACHARY SHEMTOB AND DAVID LATZachary Shemtob, formerly editor in.docx
ZACHARY SHEMTOB AND DAVID LAT
Zachary Shemtob, formerly editor in chief of the Georgetown Law Review, is a clerk in the US District Court for the Southern District of New York. David Lat is a former federal prosecutor. Their essay originally appeared in the New York Times in 2011.
Executions Should Be Televised
Earlier this month, Georgia conducted its third execution this year. This would have passed relatively unnoticed if not for a controversy surrounding its videotaping. Lawyers for the condemned inmate, Andrew Grant DeYoung, had persuaded a judge to allow the recording of his last moments as part of an effort to obtain evidence on whether lethal injection caused unnecessary suffering.
Though he argued for videotaping, one of Mr. DeYoung’s defense lawyers, Brian Kammer, spoke out against releasing the footage to the public. “It’s a horrible thing that Andrew DeYoung had to go through,” Mr. Kammer said, “and it’s not for the public to see that.”
We respectfully disagree. Executions in the United States ought to be made public.
Right now, executions are generally open only to the press and a few select witnesses. For the rest of us, the vague contours are provided in the morning paper. Yet a functioning democracy demands maximum accountability and transparency. As long as executions remain behind closed doors, those are impossible. The people should have the right to see what is being done in their name and with their tax dollars.
This is particularly relevant given the current debate on whether specific methods of lethal injection constitute cruel and unusual punishment and therefore violate the Constitution.
There is a dramatic difference between reading or hearing of such an event and observing it through image and sound. (This is obvious to those who saw the footage of Saddam Hussein’s hanging in 2006 or the death of Neda Agha-Soltan during the protests in Iran in 2009.) We are not calling for opening executions completely to the public — conducting them before a live crowd — but rather for broadcasting them live or recording them for future release, on the web or TV.
When another Georgia inmate, Roy Blankenship, was executed in June, the prisoner jerked his head, grimaced, gasped, and lurched, according to a medical expert’s affidavit. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution reported that Mr. DeYoung, executed in the same manner, “showed no violent signs in death.” Voters should not have to rely on media accounts to understand what takes place when a man is put to death.
Cameras record legislative sessions and presidential debates, and courtrooms are allowing greater television access. When he was an Illinois state senator, President Obama successfully pressed for the videotaping of homicide interrogations and confessions. The most serious penalty of all surely demands equal if not greater scrutiny.
Opponents of our proposal offer many objections. State lawyers argued that making Mr. DeYoung’s execution public raised safety concerns..
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Zeng Jiawen ZengChenxia Zhu English 3001-015292017Refl.docx
Zeng
Jiawen Zeng
Chenxia Zhu
English 3001-01
5/29/2017
Reflective Essay
Becoming a good writer is a challenging and continuous process that need to constantly improving your writing skills in different area as same as constructive reflection for identification of both progress and directions for further development. My writing competence has improved significantly during the ten weeks of English 3001 Writing Proficiency course in such areas as grammar, use of verb tenses, and content quality.
The most serious problems I faced in writing process previously were grammar issues and poor content of the essays. To be more precise, I used to lack empirical competence in proper use of verb tenses. My confusions of tense forms destroyed all the sense of the essay, and often improper sentence structure made the result of the writing process insufficient to meet the University Writing Skills Requirements. Initially, when I tried to improve my skills in the given area, I only paid attention to the highlighted mistakes and comments of the tutor. Nonetheless, I realized it was not enough. Therefore, I changed this strategy to a more constructive one. To be more precise, I started reading more books in English and wrote essays diverse topics apart from the course tasks. It was an effective type of training since in several weeks my essays revealed particular progress which I took into consideration and continued.
I realize that it does not suffice to finally meet the University Writing Skills Requirements since this is only a fraction of real competence in writing. The next step of self-improvement the given sphere is editing that also has numerous issues and challenges to be dealt with. It means that there are two domains within the notion of writing competence, and both of them have no limits and require constant self-improvement. Therefore, my goal to meet academic requirements is only one more step in the course of acquisition of linguistic competence and capacity to master English in terms of writing essays and academic papers.
Moreover, I know that currently I need to focus more on content issues, persuasive capacity and proper use of diverse materials employed to support evidence which are crucial elements of writing papers per University requirements. On the other hand, I see that all the core problems with linguistic competence which I have faced earlier, are solved, which means that I need to focus on further self-improvement and keep constructive work in order to achieve my next targets in the field of concern. Furthermore, I have considerable progress in such important dimensions of academic paper construction as thesis development, use of testimony and personal observations, and alignment of different ideas into a coherent, justified and credible academic entity. Now I do not permit run-ons, excessive use of articles or comma splices to emerge in my works. It means that flaws of basic and medium level are dealt with, and further self-de.
zClass 44.8.19§ Announcements§ Go over quiz #1.docx
z
Class 4
4.8.19
§ Announcements
§ Go over quiz #1
§ Practice listening quiz
§ Lecture on social organization of Hindustani music
z
Announcements
§ Aashish Khan recital on April 28
§ Assignment #1 will be posted this week
§ Summer course on Indian rhythm
z
Practice listening quiz
z
Terms
§ Socio-musical identity – the connection of social rank to musical
status; prevalent throughout musical communities in South and
Central Asia
§ Soloist – the lead musical role
§ Accompanist – the supporting musical role(s)
§ Heterophony – style of music in which a melody is closely
imitated by another instrument or voice
z
Questions to keep in mind
§ What does social class have to do with music performance?
§ How is authority created and controlled?
§ How is it challenged?
§ What is the relationship between soloist and accompanist?
§ How does this affect music performance?
§ What is the relationship between student and teacher?
z
Social class and caste in South Asia
§ Societies were stratified in a social hierarchy
§ High caste – rulers, priests, elite
§ Low caste – manual laborers
§ Dalits – “untouchables”
§ Caste specialization of artisan trades common among Muslim communities
§ Carpentry, pastoralism, leather making, jewelry making, and music!
§ The community to which you were born determined your social rank and the
opportunities that would be available to you
§ People could ”change” their class through certain strategies
§ Marriage, contesting the hegemony of the upper classes
z
Organization of specialist knowledge
§ Music is a practice of specialized communities
§ Music is your life!
§ No word for “musician”
§ Rather, terms denoting the specialty of the performer are used
§ This categorization indicates musical identity (the instrument one
performs) as well as that person’s social rank and roles
z
Organization of specialist knowledge
§ Dhrupadiya – singer of dhrupad
§ Gawaiya – vocalist
§ Binkar – bin (veena) player
§ Khayalia – singer of khyāl
§ Sitariya – sitar player
§ Sarodiya – sarod player
§ Tabliya – tabla player
§ Sarangiya – sarangi player
§ Rubabi – rubab player
§ Qawwal - singer of Qawwali
z
Instrument association
Soloist
Vocal
Sitar
Rudra veena
Sarod
Dance
Rubab
Surbahar
Bansuri
Accompanist
Sarangi
Tabla
Harmonium
z
Social roles and ranks
§ Relationship between occupation and social identity is very
close
§ Soloists are venerated and have great prestige
§ Accompanists have lower social and musical status
§ They are subservient to soloists in both roles
z
Performance structure
§ Soloist (Dhrupad, khyāl, thumri, ghazal
§ Vocal
§ Instrumental
§ Accompanist
§ Melodic
§ Sarangi
§ Harmonium
§ Student
§ Heterophony
§ Rhythmic
§ Tabla
§ Dholak
§ Drone
§ Tanpura
z
Social roles and ranks
§ Soloists and accompanists belonged to different social class
§ Never intermarried
§ Cousin marriages
§ Soloist class – kalawant
§ Accompanist classes – mirasi, dhari (dhadhi).
zClass 185.13.19§ Announcements§ Review of last .docx
z
Class 18
5.13.19
§ Announcements
§ Review of last class
§ Finish lecture on Qawwali, begin intro to Pakistan
z
Announcements
§ Keshav Batish senior recital, June 5 – Extra credit
§ Exam #1 results posted
§ 2 perfect scores, 25 A’s, 46 B’s, 37 C’s, 17 D and lower
§ Summer course on Indian rhythm (second session)
§ Learn tabla and dholak!
§ Enrollment open now!
z
Last class review
§ Qawwali – “Food for the soul”
§ Sufi devotional poetry set to music
§ Performed at dargah
§ ‘Urs
z
Terms
§ Mehfil – small, intimate gatherings that involve entertainment of
various sorts, including music, poetry, dance etc.
z
Tum Ek Gorakh Dhandha Ho
§ “You are a baffling puzzle”
§ Written by Naz Khialvi (1947-2010)
§ Pakistani lyricist and radio broadcaster
§ Popularized by Ustad Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan (1948-1997)
z
Tum Ek Gorakh Dhandha Ho
kabhi yahaan tumhein dhoonda
kabhi wahaan pohancha
tumhaari deed ki khaatir kahaan
kahaan pohancha
ghareeb mit gaye paamaal ho
gaye lekin
kisi talak na tera aaj tak nishaan
pohancha
ho bhi naheen aur har ja ho
tum ik gorakh dhanda ho
At times I searched for you here,
at times I traveled there
For the sake of seeing You, how
far I have come!
Similar wanderers wiped away
and ruined, but
Your sign has still not reached
anyone
You are not, yet You are
everywhere
You are a baffling puzzle
z
Bhar Do Jholi Meri
§ Traditional song
§ Popularized in movie “Bajrangi Bhaijaan” (2015)
z
Bhar Do Jholi Meri
Tere Darbaar Mein
Dil Thaam Ke Woh Aata Hai
Jisko Tu Chaahe
Hey Nabi Tu Bhulata Hai
Tere Dar Pe Sar Jhukaaye
Main Bhi Aaya Hoon
Jiski Bigdi Haye
Nabi Chaahe Tu Banata Hai
Bhar Do Jholi Meri Ya Mohammad
Lautkar Main Naa Jaunga Khaali
They come into Your court
clenching their hearts
Those people whom You desire to
see , O Prophet!
I’ve also come to Your door with
my head bowed down
You’re the One who can fix
broken fates, O Prophet!
Please fill my lap, O Prophet!
I won’t go back empty handed
z
Ustad Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan
(1948-1997)
§ Pakistani vocalist
§ Sang classical (khyāl) but more famous as a Qawwali singer
§ Brought classical performance techniques to Qawwali
§ Visiting artist at University of Washington from 1992-93
§ Legacy carried on through his nephew, Rahat Fateh Ali Khan
z
Introduction to Pakistan
Badshahi Mosque, Lahore
Built in 1671 by Emperor Aurangzeb
z
Pakistan
§ Prominent Bronze Age (3000-1500BCE) settlements of Mohenjo
Daro and Harrapa along Indus River Valley
§ Hinduism widespread during Vedic Age (1500-500BCE)
§ Ruled by series of Hindu, Buddhist, and eventually Muslim
(Persian) dynasties
§ Islam introduced by Sufi missionaries from 7th to 13th centuries
§ Ethnically and linguistically diverse
z
Indus Valley civilization
z
Pakistan ethnicities
z
Modern India and Pakistan
§ By the end of 19th century British rule was in effect over much of
old Mughal Empire territory
§ The Hindu and Muslim divide among this territory was be.
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- 1. A Minute Against Slavery, Addressed to Germantown Monthly Meeting, 1688. This is to ye Monthly Meeting held at Richard Worrell's. These are the reasons why we are against the traffick of men- body, as foloweth. Is there any that would be done or handled at this manner? viz., to be sold or made a slave for all the time of his life? How fearful and faint-hearted are many on sea, when they see a strange vessel, - being afraid it should be a Turk, and they should be taken, and sold for slaves into Turkey. Now what is this better done, as Turks doe? Yea, rather it is worse for them, which say they are Christians; for we hear that ye most part of such negers are brought hither against their will and consent,and that many of them are stolen. Now, tho they are black, we can not conceive there is more liberty to have them slaves, as it is to have other white ones. There is a saying that we shall doe to all men like as we will be done ourselves; making no difference of what generation, descent or colour they are. And those who steal or robb men, and those who buy or purchase them, are
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- 3. their wives and children. Being now that this is not done in the manner we would be done at therefore we contradict and are against this traffic of men-body. And we who profess that is is not lawful to steal, must, likewise, avoid to purchase such things as are stolen, but rather help to stop this robbing and stealing if possible. And such men ought to be delivered out of ye hands of ye robbers,and set free as well as in Europe. Then is rennsylvania to have a good report, instead it hath now a bad one for this sake in other countries. Especially whereas ye Europeans are desirous to know in what manner ye Quakers doe rule in their province; - and most of them doe look upon us with an envious eye. But if this is done well, what shall we say is done evil? If once these slaves (wch they say are so wicked and stubbern men) should join themselves, - fight for their freedom, - and handel their masters and mastrisses as they did handel them before; will these masters and mastrisses take the sword at hand and warr against these poor slaves, licke, we are able to believe, some will not refuse to doe; or have these negers not as much right to fight for their freedom, as you have to keep them slaves? Now consider will this thing, if it is good or bad? And in case
- 4. you find it to be good to handle these blacks at that manner, we desire and require you hereby lovingly, that you may inform us herein, which at this time never was done, viz., that Christians have such a liberty to do so. To the end we shall be be satisfied in this point, and satisfie likewise our good friends and acquaintances in our natif country, to whose it is a terror, or fairful thing, that men should be handeld so in rennsylvania. This is from our meeting at Germantown, held ye18 of the 2 month, 1688, to be delivered to the Monthly Meeting at Richard Worrell's. Garret henderich derick up de graeff Francis daniell rastorius Abraham up Den graef For your first short written assignment, I want you to examine two documents related to the origins of race-based slavery in the English colonies. The first is an excerpt from the Virginia Colony's law codes regarding issues of race, servitude and the law. The second is a public statement of protest by Pennsylvania Quakers against the practice of slavery. After reading these documents, I want you to address the following questions. 1. How did law in Virginia Colony begin to establish
- 5. connections between race and lifetime slavery? 2. How did these measures attempt to draw lines between indentured servants and slaves? 3. Identify two arguments made by the Quakers against the growing institution of slavery. Your respond should be 1-2 pages double-spaced, with 12 pt font and one inch margins. When you're finished, please turn in a copy in the Dropbox labeled "Assignment 1." This is due before class on Wednesday September 21. If you have any questions or problems, please let me know. Links http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=3& psid=71