Megaprojects are extremely large-scale investment projects that typically cost over $1 billion and take many years to develop. They involve multiple public and private stakeholders and impact millions of people. The Moon-shaped mega resort in Dubai is a proposed $5 billion project that aims to give visitors the experience of being on the lunar surface through its design. It will include private residences, amenities, and is expected to attract over 2.5 million annual visitors once completed. Developing large-scale tourist resorts requires participation from various stakeholders like developers, local governments, planning authorities and the community to ensure diverse needs are met.
What do we learn from an Environmental Engineer?LDK
“[Engineering] allows you to think and be creative … We get to solve problems and [tackle] projects that seem impossible at first, but when they are completed, it's so cool.”
1
Initial Project Proposal
Kendra Bastien
Strayer University
BUS375
Dr. Jim Marion
04/26/2021
2
Initial Project Proposal
Project Summary
The scheme is undertaking is the building of independent then-groundbreaking covering
for those earning low-income in New York. The truth of possessing suitable housing is a generally
acknowledged basic requirement for all humanoid beings. The United Nations avowed an
international plan for ensuring that human being survives in the best houses through the end of the
era. The scheme is taking a big part in satisfying the impartial. Furthermore, there has been a
continuously rising demand for low-cost sheltering in New York Metropolitan as the populace is
snowballing quickly and the existing values are going up. Up till now, the earnings for several
persons are not developing (Collinson& Reed, 2018). The scheme suggests contrivance the
building of six hundred inexpensive households with squat working charges for low-income
people. The benefactors will be designated employing a well-laid-out process whose goal is likely
to be to identify frank low-income stipendiaries then screen out parsimoniously well-off persons
who are likely to be aiming to advantage from the sequencer. The projected six hundred
accommodation units would be constructed on resources that are likely to be long-lasting in the
extended term foundation, inexpensive, then proficient of enduring wearing then tearing special
effects. The Project of the households will be accomplished through the humblest but operative
knowledge likely in lesser the costs of building and upholding the requisite glassy of usefulness
then facility.
Goals of Project
Assisting the person earning low-income in possessing a best low-cost household that is
multi-use then –friendly to the Project with squat functioning expenditures.
JAMES MARION
A project proposal focuses on deliverables. These general goals appear to be focused on ongoing (non-project) activities.
JAMES MARION
Keep the focus of any proposal narrow--what is to be delivered, when, by whom, and how much. No need to bring in the UN
3
Setting the point of reference for inexpensive lodging in the republic for other corporations
to shadow outfits.
Objectives of the Project
To build six hundred hard-wearing then with low-cost households
To reduction illness through a dependable basis of aquatic to the constructions' inhabitants
then offer a responsible sewerage organism that does not chunk effortlessly.
The structure of Project
The plan will be controlled by the manager in charge of the project, who will be
accountable for the all consecutively then conducting the plan for ensuring its victory. The
manager of the Project will work out controlling all properties assigned for the schemes. Under the
management of the Project shall have the leading adviser, then the project worker w ...
A Digital Planning Tool for Shaping Up the Landscaping Architecture.pdfIJEACS
Landscape architecture is a comparatively new concept and is gaining prominence in town and country planning exercises. People marveled at the design of new towns when the infrastructure looks nice and well placed. However, when the planning exercise is not done properly this results in the implementation of poor infrastructure with narrow roads, lack of green spaces, no parking spots, congested streets and so. Architects are still using traditional hand drawing for their designs and sketches which have several limitations. Developing a landscape architecture planning system with appropriate tools will facilitate architects’ tasks and others to have an appropriate to ensure proper landscape planning without unnecessarily wasting time manually. This paper aims to present a desktop application with features for generating appropriate cartography which allows users to place appropriate objects representing real-world urban structures and buildings. The Waterfall methodology was used to build and implement the proposed system. The latter is expected to help in the reduction of parking problems and increase the number of green areas in towns. The application proposed includes appropriate validation techniques to allow users to plan a site and made sure that the standards set for parking spaces and green areas are being respected.
What do we learn from an Environmental Engineer?LDK
“[Engineering] allows you to think and be creative … We get to solve problems and [tackle] projects that seem impossible at first, but when they are completed, it's so cool.”
1
Initial Project Proposal
Kendra Bastien
Strayer University
BUS375
Dr. Jim Marion
04/26/2021
2
Initial Project Proposal
Project Summary
The scheme is undertaking is the building of independent then-groundbreaking covering
for those earning low-income in New York. The truth of possessing suitable housing is a generally
acknowledged basic requirement for all humanoid beings. The United Nations avowed an
international plan for ensuring that human being survives in the best houses through the end of the
era. The scheme is taking a big part in satisfying the impartial. Furthermore, there has been a
continuously rising demand for low-cost sheltering in New York Metropolitan as the populace is
snowballing quickly and the existing values are going up. Up till now, the earnings for several
persons are not developing (Collinson& Reed, 2018). The scheme suggests contrivance the
building of six hundred inexpensive households with squat working charges for low-income
people. The benefactors will be designated employing a well-laid-out process whose goal is likely
to be to identify frank low-income stipendiaries then screen out parsimoniously well-off persons
who are likely to be aiming to advantage from the sequencer. The projected six hundred
accommodation units would be constructed on resources that are likely to be long-lasting in the
extended term foundation, inexpensive, then proficient of enduring wearing then tearing special
effects. The Project of the households will be accomplished through the humblest but operative
knowledge likely in lesser the costs of building and upholding the requisite glassy of usefulness
then facility.
Goals of Project
Assisting the person earning low-income in possessing a best low-cost household that is
multi-use then –friendly to the Project with squat functioning expenditures.
JAMES MARION
A project proposal focuses on deliverables. These general goals appear to be focused on ongoing (non-project) activities.
JAMES MARION
Keep the focus of any proposal narrow--what is to be delivered, when, by whom, and how much. No need to bring in the UN
3
Setting the point of reference for inexpensive lodging in the republic for other corporations
to shadow outfits.
Objectives of the Project
To build six hundred hard-wearing then with low-cost households
To reduction illness through a dependable basis of aquatic to the constructions' inhabitants
then offer a responsible sewerage organism that does not chunk effortlessly.
The structure of Project
The plan will be controlled by the manager in charge of the project, who will be
accountable for the all consecutively then conducting the plan for ensuring its victory. The
manager of the Project will work out controlling all properties assigned for the schemes. Under the
management of the Project shall have the leading adviser, then the project worker w ...
A Digital Planning Tool for Shaping Up the Landscaping Architecture.pdfIJEACS
Landscape architecture is a comparatively new concept and is gaining prominence in town and country planning exercises. People marveled at the design of new towns when the infrastructure looks nice and well placed. However, when the planning exercise is not done properly this results in the implementation of poor infrastructure with narrow roads, lack of green spaces, no parking spots, congested streets and so. Architects are still using traditional hand drawing for their designs and sketches which have several limitations. Developing a landscape architecture planning system with appropriate tools will facilitate architects’ tasks and others to have an appropriate to ensure proper landscape planning without unnecessarily wasting time manually. This paper aims to present a desktop application with features for generating appropriate cartography which allows users to place appropriate objects representing real-world urban structures and buildings. The Waterfall methodology was used to build and implement the proposed system. The latter is expected to help in the reduction of parking problems and increase the number of green areas in towns. The application proposed includes appropriate validation techniques to allow users to plan a site and made sure that the standards set for parking spaces and green areas are being respected.
Mckinsey Global Institute - A blueprint for addressing the global affordable ...Anil GROVER
Decent, affordable housing is fundamental to the health and well-being of people and to the smooth functioning of economies. Yet around the world, in developing and advanced economies alike, cities are struggling to meet that need. If current trends in urbanization and income growth persist, by 2025 the number of urban households that live in substandard housing—or are so financially stretched by housing costs that they forego other essentials, such as healthcare—could grow to 440 million, from 330 million. This could mean that the global affordable housing gap would affect one in three urban dwellers, about 1.6 billion people.
A new McKinsey Global Institute (MGI) report, A blueprint for addressing the global affordable housing challenge, defines the affordability gap as the difference between the cost of an acceptable standard housing unit (which varies by location) and what households can afford to pay using no more than 30 percent of income. The analysis draws on MGI’s Cityscope database of 2,400 metropolitan areas, as well as case studies from around the world. It finds that the affordable housing gap now stands at $650 billion a year and that the problem will only grow as urban populations expand: current trends suggest that there could be 106 million more low-income urban households by 2025, for example. To replace today’s inadequate housing and build the additional units needed by 2025 would require $9 trillion to $11 trillion in construction spending alone. With land, the total cost could be $16 trillion. Of this, we estimate that $1 trillion to $3 trillion may have to come from public funding.
However, four approaches used in concert could reduce the cost of affordable housing by 20 to 50 percent and substantially narrow the affordable housing gap by 2025. These largely market-oriented solutions—lowering the cost of land, construction, operations and maintenance, and financing—could make housing affordable for households earning 50 to 80 percent of median income.
1. Unlocking land supply. Since land is usually the largest real-estate expense, securing it at appropriate locations can be the most effective way to reduce costs. In even the largest global cities, many parcels of land remain unoccupied or underused. Some of them may belong to government and could be released for development or sold to buy land for affordable housing. Private land can be brought forward for development through incentives such as density bonuses—increasing the permitted floor space on a plot of land and, therefore, its value; in return, the developer must provide land for affordable units.
2. Reducing construction costs. While manufacturing and other industries have raised productivity steadily in the past few decades, in construction it has remained flat or gone down in many countries. Likewise, in many places residential housing is still built in the same way it was 50 years ago. Project costs could be reduced by about 30 percent an
The US Department of Energy (USDOE) and the Alliance to Save Energy hosted an Asia Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate (APP) Zero Energy Homes Workshop at the Alliance’s offices on September 22 – 23, 2009.
Infrastructure Project Management: Building Bridges to SuccessPL Global
Navigate the complexities of infrastructure projects and ensure successful completion. This blog series equips you with essential skills and strategies for project management in infrastructure development. From roads and bridges to network infrastructure, learn how to manage costs, collaborate effectively, and build a solid foundation for success – all while leveraging the power of cost management tools.
Geleidelijkheid is voor gemeenten de sleutel bij herontwikkeling. Een artikel over het door Twynstra Gudde ontwikkelde Drie-fasen model voor de herontwikkeling van industrieel en cultureel erfgoed. Gepubliceerd in BOSS magazine.
Sustainable project management a whole programme indeedHSBC Private Bank
paper about Sustainable PM: our world is changing. Organizations evolve in a moving socio-political context so they must understand the impact and influence of this context on their own performance and competitiveness. But organizations are also part of the global "system" and thus interact with their environment. These interactions require a real social and environmental responsibility. This responsibility leads companies to work in link with stakeholders and society, interact with each other, or influence them in a common respect...
Connecting global & regional finance to projects - Finance for #SDGs High Level Meeting – #financeforSDGs – Christoph Waldersee – Bellagio – 25-27 February 2015
The paper on real estate development is based on cost analysis and revenue generation of United World Trade Centre, Tripureshwor under land-lease agreement with T.U., Nepal
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
Key Features of USDA Loans:
Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
Mckinsey Global Institute - A blueprint for addressing the global affordable ...Anil GROVER
Decent, affordable housing is fundamental to the health and well-being of people and to the smooth functioning of economies. Yet around the world, in developing and advanced economies alike, cities are struggling to meet that need. If current trends in urbanization and income growth persist, by 2025 the number of urban households that live in substandard housing—or are so financially stretched by housing costs that they forego other essentials, such as healthcare—could grow to 440 million, from 330 million. This could mean that the global affordable housing gap would affect one in three urban dwellers, about 1.6 billion people.
A new McKinsey Global Institute (MGI) report, A blueprint for addressing the global affordable housing challenge, defines the affordability gap as the difference between the cost of an acceptable standard housing unit (which varies by location) and what households can afford to pay using no more than 30 percent of income. The analysis draws on MGI’s Cityscope database of 2,400 metropolitan areas, as well as case studies from around the world. It finds that the affordable housing gap now stands at $650 billion a year and that the problem will only grow as urban populations expand: current trends suggest that there could be 106 million more low-income urban households by 2025, for example. To replace today’s inadequate housing and build the additional units needed by 2025 would require $9 trillion to $11 trillion in construction spending alone. With land, the total cost could be $16 trillion. Of this, we estimate that $1 trillion to $3 trillion may have to come from public funding.
However, four approaches used in concert could reduce the cost of affordable housing by 20 to 50 percent and substantially narrow the affordable housing gap by 2025. These largely market-oriented solutions—lowering the cost of land, construction, operations and maintenance, and financing—could make housing affordable for households earning 50 to 80 percent of median income.
1. Unlocking land supply. Since land is usually the largest real-estate expense, securing it at appropriate locations can be the most effective way to reduce costs. In even the largest global cities, many parcels of land remain unoccupied or underused. Some of them may belong to government and could be released for development or sold to buy land for affordable housing. Private land can be brought forward for development through incentives such as density bonuses—increasing the permitted floor space on a plot of land and, therefore, its value; in return, the developer must provide land for affordable units.
2. Reducing construction costs. While manufacturing and other industries have raised productivity steadily in the past few decades, in construction it has remained flat or gone down in many countries. Likewise, in many places residential housing is still built in the same way it was 50 years ago. Project costs could be reduced by about 30 percent an
The US Department of Energy (USDOE) and the Alliance to Save Energy hosted an Asia Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate (APP) Zero Energy Homes Workshop at the Alliance’s offices on September 22 – 23, 2009.
Infrastructure Project Management: Building Bridges to SuccessPL Global
Navigate the complexities of infrastructure projects and ensure successful completion. This blog series equips you with essential skills and strategies for project management in infrastructure development. From roads and bridges to network infrastructure, learn how to manage costs, collaborate effectively, and build a solid foundation for success – all while leveraging the power of cost management tools.
Geleidelijkheid is voor gemeenten de sleutel bij herontwikkeling. Een artikel over het door Twynstra Gudde ontwikkelde Drie-fasen model voor de herontwikkeling van industrieel en cultureel erfgoed. Gepubliceerd in BOSS magazine.
Sustainable project management a whole programme indeedHSBC Private Bank
paper about Sustainable PM: our world is changing. Organizations evolve in a moving socio-political context so they must understand the impact and influence of this context on their own performance and competitiveness. But organizations are also part of the global "system" and thus interact with their environment. These interactions require a real social and environmental responsibility. This responsibility leads companies to work in link with stakeholders and society, interact with each other, or influence them in a common respect...
Connecting global & regional finance to projects - Finance for #SDGs High Level Meeting – #financeforSDGs – Christoph Waldersee – Bellagio – 25-27 February 2015
The paper on real estate development is based on cost analysis and revenue generation of United World Trade Centre, Tripureshwor under land-lease agreement with T.U., Nepal
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
Key Features of USDA Loans:
Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
Lecture slide titled Fraud Risk Mitigation, Webinar Lecture Delivered at the Society for West African Internal Audit Practitioners (SWAIAP) on Wednesday, November 8, 2023.
where can I find a legit pi merchant onlineDOT TECH
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with
@Pi_vendor_247
BYD SWOT Analysis and In-Depth Insights 2024.pptxmikemetalprod
Indepth analysis of the BYD 2024
BYD (Build Your Dreams) is a Chinese automaker and battery manufacturer that has snowballed over the past two decades to become a significant player in electric vehicles and global clean energy technology.
This SWOT analysis examines BYD's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats as it competes in the fast-changing automotive and energy storage industries.
Founded in 1995 and headquartered in Shenzhen, BYD started as a battery company before expanding into automobiles in the early 2000s.
Initially manufacturing gasoline-powered vehicles, BYD focused on plug-in hybrid and fully electric vehicles, leveraging its expertise in battery technology.
Today, BYD is the world’s largest electric vehicle manufacturer, delivering over 1.2 million electric cars globally. The company also produces electric buses, trucks, forklifts, and rail transit.
On the energy side, BYD is a major supplier of rechargeable batteries for cell phones, laptops, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems.
Yes of course, you can easily start mining pi network coin today and sell to legit pi vendors in the United States.
Here the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
#pi network #pi coins #legit #passive income
#US
1. Elemental Economics - Introduction to mining.pdfNeal Brewster
After this first you should: Understand the nature of mining; have an awareness of the industry’s boundaries, corporate structure and size; appreciation the complex motivations and objectives of the industries’ various participants; know how mineral reserves are defined and estimated, and how they evolve over time.
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
What website can I sell pi coins securely.DOT TECH
Currently there are no website or exchange that allow buying or selling of pi coins..
But you can still easily sell pi coins, by reselling it to exchanges/crypto whales interested in holding thousands of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell to these crypto whales and holders of pi..
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners and pi merchants stands in between the miners and the exchanges.
How can I sell my pi coins?
Selling pi coins is really easy, but first you need to migrate to mainnet wallet before you can do that. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
Tele-gram.
@Pi_vendor_247
1. A megaproject is an extremely large-scale investment project. According to the Oxford Handbook of
Megaproject Management, "Megaprojects are large-scale, complex ventures that typically cost $1 billion
or more, take many years to develop and build, involve multiple public and private stakeholders, are
transformational, and impact millions of people". However, $1 billion is not a constraint in defining
megaprojects; in some contexts a relative approach is needed, such as in developing countries, where a
much smaller project (such as one with a $100 million budget) could constitute a megaproject.
Therefore, a more general definition is "Megaprojects are temporary endeavours (i.e. projects)
characterized by: large investment commitment, vast complexity (especially in organizational terms),
and long-lasting impact on the economy, the environment, and society".(Wikipedia, Megaproject 2022)
MEGA RESORTS PROJECTS
Moon-shaped mega resorts dubai ($5)
The project is meant to help visitors who don’t have connections to Jeff Bezos or Elon Musk experience
space tourism. The area around the resort’s lunar surface, dubbed the “lunar colony”, is designed to
evoke the sensation of being on (or at least very close to) the surface of the Moon. In addition, visitors
can plan to book one of 300 private boutique residences, known as sky villas, which will be housed in the
main building’s disc-shaped superstructure. Purchase a villa and you can access the private members’
club on the property. (Givens, 2022)
According to Arabian Business, Moon Dubai co-founders Sandra G. Matthews and Michael R. Henderson
said in a press statement that the project will have "significant impacts" on the tourism, transportation,
commercial and residential real estate, infrastructure, financial services, aviation and space, energy,
MICE, agriculture, technology, and education sectors of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) economy.
By virtue of its worldwide appeal, brand awareness, and unique numerous integrated offers, [it] will
become the greatest and most successful modern tourist project in the MENA area, doubling annual
tourism visitation to Dubai.
There is a nightclub, an event space, a public lounge, a spa, and a "moon shuttle" thattransports guests
around the property. The building is intended to be a focal point forfuture space mission planning by
space agencies and their personnel. It will take more than two years to build to its full height of more
than 735 feet. It is estimated that at least 2.5 million people will visit annually after the project is
finished.
Designers, design students, and researchers can use the critical thinking framework as a practical tool to
assess the merits of various claims and hypotheses. This allows us to make better decisions and
assessments by reducing the influence of prejudice, distraction, and other such variables.
The three fundamental tenets of the critical thinking framework are: (1) observing the situation to
acquire reasonable understanding, (2) asking questions to analyse andevaluate facts, and (3) locating
information that can be used to desig
WHOLISTIC FRAMEWORK
The term "holistic" is used to describe an approach that looks at the big picture while also considering
the smaller pieces. You can think of it as interdisciplinaryif you accept the premise that most social and
economic events defy simple explanation and require an approach that transcends the goals of a
singlescientific discipline.
2. In 1942, Walter Hunziker and Kurt Krapf were the first academics to add to thisidea by disputing the
view of tourism as purely commercial. They looked at itfrom a more holistic, human, and economic
perspective (Williams 2004). Leipermade another another ground-breaking discovery a few years later
(1979). He believes that a systems perspective is necessary to have a complete picture of tourism's
origins, destinations, revenue centres, hotspots, ecosystems, and flows.
Murphy (1985) stresses the significance of using a community-based, all encompassing approach to
tourist planning at the regional and municipal levels.People have to live with the decisions made by
authority, so they should have asay in how those decisions are made. An integrated strategy that can
address economic, ecological, and social systems has been advocated for in recent years.
THE ROLE OF KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN TOURIST RESORT DEVELOPMENT
There is always more than one group interested in the outcome of a project. People in this category
could be customers, specialists in the field, or financiers. A project's operational and financial strategies
benefit from having a stakeholder on board. Anyone who cares about the results of the project is
considered a stakeholder. Architects, town planners, engineers, quantity surveyors, builders, estate
valuers, the general public, developers, the local council, the local planning authority, etc. are all
examples of relevant parties involved in a building
THE DEVELOPER AND THE PLANNING TEAM
When I say "the developer" in this toolbox, I'm referring to anyone or any group with grand plans that
could have far-reaching effects on a neighbourhood. For the sake of this discussion, I will generalise
about all developers and treat them as a homogeneous group of businesspeople with a shared interest
in moving forward with major construction projects. In other contexts, the phrase can refer to
landowners or institutions as well. Large-scale housing projects, industrial or commercial developments,
or other similarly complicated schemes that may lead to developer contributions or infrastructure
improvements are all possible examples. By "small matters," I do not mean things like homeowner
applications, changes in use, or anything else that will not need the construction of new facilities
elsewhere.
THE DEVELOPER’S AGENT AND PLANNING TEAM
The "agent," who is typically a licenced town planner3, completes all application papers on behalf of the
developer or landowner and manages consultations with the planning officer and other consultees after
the application has been submitted and determined. When applying for elaborate plans, the agent will
act as project manager. In order to properly support an application for a complex project, it may be
necessary to conduct multiple specialised studies. Agents are responsible for coordinating the results of
these studies to compile substantial written evidence in favour of the programme and to craft
arguments forits approval.
THE LOCAL COUNCIL
In some cases, local councils are required to be consulted by the LPA on development projects in their
region.
3. The position of the Local Council in talks is among the most challenging. As we shall see, this is not the
greatest moment to seek amendments to a project, despite the fact that it has a statutory role in the
development process and is only formally consulted after the application has been submitted.
All residents of the area need to feel equally represented by the Local Council. Until the issue has been
discussed in a formal meeting and decided upon corporately, they should not adopt definite stances, in
contrast to the larger community as defined above. They are given extensive instructions on how to
keep an open mind until a final recommendation is made to the planning authority.
Multiple negotiations are required of the Local Council:
• Reach consensus on its approach to community planning as a whole.
• Work with the developer to identify and address any new issues as they arise.
• Reach consensus amongst its own council members on the optimal solution.
KADUNA GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SERVICE (KADGIS)
This is the state agency in charge of issuance of the Statutory Right of Occupancy as well known as the
Certificate of Occupancy. The procedures involves numerous stages, these stages include the submission
of a District Head Confirmation Letter from the district head of the particular district for the proposed
project site, a Sales agreement and evidence of proper mitigation between the developers and the
parcel owners, a Site Analysis Report done by a registered consultant to KADGIS, a Deed of assignment
by a registered law practitioner, payment and submission of legal and acceptable means of identification
to the organization, a recent unity bill of the applicant and application processing fee.
DESIGN CONCEPTUALISATION
An architectural, urban, or landscape design competition's end result should be superior to that of a
typical building or renovation project. It's goal is to improve city planning and building so that they
provide something useful to the people. Typically, a number of different architectural companies will
submit competing designs for a project, and a jury or panel will decide which one is the best based on
whether or not they attain design perfection. It is planned to solicit competing architectural proposals
for this prospective tourist attraction. Amongst many possibilities, the one with the highest aggregate
score will be selected.
PROJECT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE
Involvement at all levels of the most important stakeholders is crucial for a successful governance plan
in project management. It shows that you value their input and are willing to act on their
recommendations. Project managers are accountable for creating plans that align with the company's
strategy and enforcing those plans across the enterprise.
PEOPLE
4. It's important to keep in mind that your intended outcomes must be specific enough to be attainable.
But how can we make sure that these objectives will actually be met? You do this by looking at
information gathered throughout completed initiatives. You break down what you set out to do and
how you did it for each of those initiatives. How challenging were they to accomplish? Did you require
special skills or additional resources to succeed? Using the insights gained from this research, you will be
better equipped to develop long-term objectives and then carefully craft the bemethods for achieving
those objectives.
FINANCIAL RISK
Getting your organisation to make more money on a project than it costs is a common goal for
managers, but it's not always easy to achieve. It's simple to go over budget if you don't provide the work
a thorough estimate. There will be additional costs associated with the project's timeframe and
budgetary constraints if there are many changes to the project. Financial risks can be mitigated by
meticulous planning and regular project monitoring.
PHYSICAL SAFETY RISK
In industries like construction and manufacturing, there is typically at least one physical safety risk
associated with project management. Because of the size of the machinery employed, accidents are
common on these sorts of projects if adequate precautions aren't taken. In addition, if you didn't adhere
to all the relevant requirements when planning and advancing the project, you could get in problems
with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).
TECHNICAL RISK
Poor planning or a project manager taking on more than they can handle are common causes of
technical risk. Technical risk increases dramatically when a project manager accepts responsibility for a
task that requires more expertise than they or their team possess, or when they do not have sufficient
time or resources to complete the task. Issues can also arise if clients haven't clearly articulated their
expectations for a project, or if there is no reliable means to evaluate whether or not your work has
satisfied these expectations.
CONTRACTUAL RISK
To reduce uncertainty in projects, contracts and proposals should be carefully drafted and adhered to.
Not following the terms of the contract can pose legal consequences. A corporation would be in
violation of contract if, for instance, it failed to transfer title to the deliverables it had promised a
customer. Mishandling sensitive client information might potentially put you in breach of contract
danger. Finally, there is a risk of not following the contractual terms if the project team does not fully
grasp them.
EXOGENOUS AND ENDOGENOUS RISK
Is a form of economic uncertainty brought about by the actions of traders. Jon Danielsson and Hyun-
Song Shin first put forth the idea in 2002. There are two types of risk, referred to as external and
endogenous, respectively. Financial exogenous risk refers to shocks that come from outside the system,
5. such as an asteroid striking the planet. Individuals in the market will have an emotional response to the
shock but will not be able to affect it. Endogenous risk, on the other hand, is the product of the interplay
between market participants, who bring their own unique sets of knowledge, skills, attitudes, and
resources to the table. Endogenous risk includes, in particular, systemic risk.
FINANCIAL EVALUATION
Analysis of project costs and benefits. It's the process of looking into all the aspects of a planned project
to see how well it'll turn out in the long run. It is only via this preliminary assessment that the developer
can determine whether or not the project will be useful in achieving their goals. Before any money is
dispersed, a thorough financial analysis must be conducted. This is crucial because without it, numerous
financial risks associated with the project would go unconsidered, greatly increasing the likelihood of
failure. It's important to remember that because this assessment is predicated on projections, it can't
say for sure whether the project will succeed or fail.
CONCLUSION
As we have seen in this report, tourism is a complex system that is built up of industry sectors including
accommodation, recreation and entertainment, food and beverage services, transportation, and travel
services. It encompasses domestic, inbound, and outbound travel for business, leisure, or other
purposes. And because of this large scope, tourism development requires participation from all walks of
life, including private business, governmental agencies, educational institutions, communities, and
citizens. Recognizing the diverse nature of the industry and the significant contributions tourism makes
toward economic and social value to the universe is important. There remains a great deal of work to
better educate members of the tourism industry, other sectors, and the public about the ways tourism
contributes to our province and economic.
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