This document provides a brief history of computers and cyber warfare from 1801 to 2016. Some key events and inventions highlighted include: - Joseph Marie inventing a loom using punch cards in 1801, laying the foundations for computer programming. - Alan Turing conceptualizing a 'universal machine' in 1936, which is the essence of a modern computer. - ENIAC being built in 1943-1944 as the first general-purpose electronic digital computer. - The invention of the transistor in 1947, the integrated circuit in 1958, and microchips advancing computing power. - The first internet message being sent in 1969, though cyber vulnerabilities were recognized as early as a 1969 report. -

1. A BRIEF HISTORY
OF COMPUTERS
AND CYBER
WARFARE

2. 1801: Joseph Marie invents a loom
using wood punch cards to weave
certain fabric designs, the
forerunner of computer punch
cards.

3. 1822: Charles Babbage
conceptualizes a calculator
powered by steam and is funded by
the British Government.

4. 1890: Herman Hollerrith designs a
punch system, not a machine, to
help calculate the 1880 census and
accomplishes the task in only
three years (done by hand it took
seven); the company he starts will
eventually be known as IBM.

5. 1936: Alan Turing
conceptualizes a
‘universal machine’
that would be capable
of computing anything
that is computable,
which is the essence
of a computer. Sort
of.

6. 1937: Professor Atanasoff of Iowa
State University tries to build a
computer without gears, cams,
belts or shafts.
1941: Atanasoff designs a
computer that can solve 29
equations simultaneously, which
is also the first time a
computer can store information
in a memory.

7. 1943-1944: Two University of Pennsylvania
Professors build the Electronic Numerical
Integrator and Calculator (ENIAC), but it takes
six women (ENIAC Six) to figure out how to
program and maintain its over 18,000 vacuum
tubes and they survive to do that (a Time Patrol
mission in Valentines Day).

8. 1946: The same two professors build UNIVAC
for the Census Bureau, the first commercial
computer (previous ones had been military).
1947: William Shockley and two other invent
the transistor, allowing vacuum tubes to be
replaced by a solid electric switch.

9. 1953: Grace Hopper invents COBOL,
the first computer language.
1954: FORTRAN is invented for
programming.

10. 1958: The first computer chip is
invented.
1964: Douglas Engelbart unveils a
prototype of the modern computer using
a mouse and a graphical use interface.

11. 1969: Bell Labs releases UNIX, an operating
system that makes computers compatible.
1969: The first Internet message is sent from
UCLA to Stanford consisting of two letters
before the system crashes, but it was sent
(thanks to Scout, a mission in Black Tuesday).

12. 1969: A classified report by
Willis Ware of ARPANET warns
about the inevitable in a
classified paper which stated
that once you put information on
a computer network you’re
creating inherent
vulnerabilities—there would be
no more secrets.
He was, essentially, ignored.

13. 1970: A new company called Intel unveils
the Intel 1103, with the first Dynamic
Access Memory (DRAM) chip.
1971: The floppy disk, allowing
information to be share between computers,
is released.

14. 1973: Ethernet is invented to connect
multiple computers.
1974: The first personal computers are
released, including the IBM5100, Radioshack
TRS-80 and the Commodore PET.

15. 1975: The Altair 8080 is introduced as
the first minicomputer kit and two dudes
named Paul Allen and Bill Gates write
software for it and start their own
company, Microsoft. Yes, that’s them.

16. 1976: On April’s Fool, Steve Jobs and Steve
Wozniak start Apple, introducing Apple I,
the first single circuit board computer.

17. 1977: Radioshack’s TRS-80 sells out
its 3000 copy first production run.
1977: Apple II.

18. 1979: MicroPro
International
releases the first
word processing
program: Wordstar.
1981: IBM
releases its first
personal computer,
Acorn, using MS-
DOS.

19. 1984: At a meeting of the National Security Council,
Ronald Reagan, who’d watched the movie Wargames the
previous weekend at Camp David, asked if anyone else
had seen it? No one had. Reagan described the movie
and everyone in the room is exchanging wondering
glances. Reagan then tasked the Chairman of Joint
Chiefs to report back to him on whether the scenario
in the movie, where a kid hacks into the nuclear
launch system, was possible. The next week, the
Chairman reported back to Reagan that not only was it
possible, the entire situation was much worse and “Our
computer systems are vulnerable to electronic
interference and interception by foreign powers, by
criminals.”

22. 1984: Macintosh (yes, I bought one)

23. 1985: Windows.

24. 1985: The first dot.com domain is
registered, Symbolics.com.
1986: Compaq introduces the Deskpro
386.
1987: Only 200 domains have been
registered in the past two years.

25. 1988: The first major cyber-attack, the Morris
worm, slows down computers to the point of being
unusable—the inventor is convicted, and is
currently a professor at MIT.

26. 1990: A researcher at CERN develops
HyperText Markup Language (HTML),
leading to the rise of the World
Wide Web.
1993: The Pentium Processor is
introduced.

27. 1996: Sergey Brin and Larry
Page introduce the Google search
engine.

28. 1999: Wifi.

29. 2001: Apple introduces OS X; Windows brings
out Windows XP.
2003: The first 64 bit processor.
2004: Facebook aka thefacebook is essentially
invented so guys could rank on girls who dumped
them. Which sums that up.

30. 2005: Youtube.
Stupid stunts will never be the
same.
Or cute dogs.

31. 2006: NASA blocks all email with
attachments for fear of being hacked
before shuttle launches; plans for NASA
latest space launch vehicles are hacked
by some unknown entity.
2010: iPad.

32. 2010: The “Iranian Cyber Army”
disrupts the Chinese search
engine Baidu.

33. 2010: The US and Israel
introduce Stuxnet to attack the
Iranian nuclear program.

34. 2011: Canada’s government and National
Defense face a major cyber attack.
2011: It’s discovered that a worldwide
cyber attack, dubbed ‘Red October’ has
been operating since 2007, gathering data
from embassies, military, energy, nuclear
and other critical infrastructure systems.
Look at the map on the next page and
guess who was behind it.
Of course, look who made the map, which
is either ironic or misdirection.

36. 2012: Facebook passes 1
billion users.
Yay? or Nay?

37. 2016:
The United States Presidential
Election.

38. One of six Time Patrol Missions
on Hallows Eve.
Travel to Zero Day, Zero Year.
When that is, the Time Patrol
doesn’t know.
Where it is?
One of the key Internet hubs in
the world in NYC.
Ivar’s Mission: Hallows Eve

39. 60 Hudson Street, New York, NY

41. Click on Image for links

42. Free audiobook shorts on Soundcloud from the
Time Patrol series.
Roland’s complete mission from Independence Day.
4 July 1865, at Gettysburg. HERE
Mac’s complete mission from D-Day.
6 June 1944. HERE
Moms mission from Ides of March.
15 March 44 BC. HERE

43. Print
Book
Free downloadable Powerpoint
slideshows on survival, history
writing, and interesting information
are available HERE

44. New York Times bestselling author, graduate of West Point and
former Green Beret. He’s had over 75 books published, including the
#1 bestselling series Green Berets, Time Patrol, Area 51, and Atlantis.
He’s sold over 5 million books. He was born in the Bronx and traveled
the world. He’s lived on an island off the east coast, an island off the
west coast, in the Rocky Mountains, the Smoky Mountains and other
places, including time in East Asia studying martial arts.
He now lives peacefully with his wife and dogs.
www.bobmayer.com