A healthy nation they say is a wealthy nation. Healthcare is important to the society because people get ill, accidents and emergencies happen. Hospitals are needed to diagnose, treat and manage different types of ailments and diseases. Many of people’s aspirations and desires cannot be met without longer, healthier, happy lives. Thus, it seems healthcare influence people and nations (Oliver, n.d.). In this essay, I will illustrate why I belief that government should provide free healthcare for every citizen in particular children, elder people and disabilities. Firstly, a better healthcare will increase the motivation of workers and total number of labor force. Obviously, people obtain a better healthcare can decline death rate, and prolong people’s life. According to the statistic and data, the odds of dying among the insured lower than uninsured (Woolhandler and Himmelstein, 2017). In addition, broader health coverage generally leads to better access to necessary care and improved population health. By comparing healthcare in Canada and in the United State. Every citizen and permanent resident is automatically covered in Canada (Eillis, Chen, Luscombe, 2014) . However, as reported by U.S. Census Bureau 15.7 percent, or nearly 48.6 million of Americans did not have healthcare insurance (Oliver, n.d.). Therefore, American mortality higher than peer societies and lower life expectancies (Kaplan and Babas, 2011). The relationship between healthcare and labor force have two points. Basically, a better healthcare guarantees people’s life, and workers don’t have to worry about safety issues and a plenty of medical expenses. Not only attain more people wold like to join in the work but also stimulate public’s enthusiasm for work, and increasing motivation will raise up the productivity of labor force. In the other hand, people are living longer with better healthcare hence government can raise the retirement age. Holland ISC AES Course Work 1 Source Evaluation and ERE Outline - Draft Please fill in all sections below Name Chao Liu Student No. 2417943 AES Class SFB2 AES Tutor Paul Robertson Date 28.04.2019 Essay Title Should governments be obliged to ensure that free, accessible healthcare is available to all citizens, irrespective of age or health status? Discuss public healthcare provision in two countries to support your response.  PRESENTATION: Your work must be word-processed in “Arial” or “Times new Roman” size 12 font and double spaced. Your work must have the CW1 Cover Sheet which contains the title in full, date of submission, your name, class, and tutor’s name.  Any graphs or tables should be included as appendices and NOT pasted into the main body of the text. Have you included all of the parts listed below? Part I: Bibliography- minimum 6 sources Part II: Source Evaluation - 4 of the 6 sources Holland ISC Part III: Outline Part I - Bibliography Write a reference list for at least SIX sources which you have found .

1. A healthy nation they say is a wealthy nation. Healthcare is
important to the society because people get ill, accidents and
emergencies happen. Hospitals are needed to diagnose, treat and
manage different types of ailments and diseases. Many of
people’s aspirations and desires cannot be met without longer,
healthier, happy lives. Thus, it seems healthcare influence
people and nations (Oliver, n.d.). In this essay, I will illustrate
why I belief that government should provide free healthcare for
every citizen in particular children, elder people and
disabilities.
Firstly, a better healthcare will increase the motivation of
workers and total number of labor force. Obviously, people
obtain a better healthcare can decline death rate, and prolong
people’s life. According to the statistic and data, the odds of
dying among the insured lower than uninsured (Woolhandler
and Himmelstein, 2017). In addition, broader health coverage
generally leads to better access to necessary care and improved
population health. By comparing healthcare in Canada and in
the United State. Every citizen and permanent resident is
automatically covered in Canada (Eillis, Chen, Luscombe, 2014)
. However, as reported by U.S. Census Bureau 15.7 percent, or
nearly 48.6 million of Americans did not have healthcare
insurance (Oliver, n.d.). Therefore, American mortality higher
than peer societies and lower life expectancies (Kaplan and
Babas, 2011). The relationship between healthcare and labor
force have two points. Basically, a better healthcare guarantees
people’s life, and workers don’t have to worry about safety
issues and a plenty of medical expenses. Not only attain more
people wold like to join in the work but also stimulate public’s
enthusiasm for work, and increasing motivation will raise up the
productivity of labor force. In the other hand, people are living
longer with better healthcare hence government can raise the

2. retirement age.
Holland ISC
AES Course Work 1
Source Evaluation and ERE Outline - Draft
Please fill in all sections below
Name
Chao Liu
Student No.
2417943
AES Class
SFB2
AES Tutor
Paul Robertson
Date
28.04.2019
Essay Title
Should governments be obliged to ensure that free, accessible
healthcare is available to all citizens, irrespective of age or
health status? Discuss public healthcare provision in two
countries to support your response.
PRESENTATION:
Your work must be word-processed in “Arial” or “Times new
Roman” size 12 font and double spaced.
Your work must have the CW1 Cover Sheet which contains the
title in full, date of submission, your name, class, and tutor’s
name. Any graphs or tables should be included as appendices
and NOT pasted into the main body of the text.

3. Have you included all of the parts listed below?
Part I: Bibliography- minimum 6 sources
Part II: Source Evaluation - 4 of the 6 sources
Holland ISC
Part III: Outline
Part I - Bibliography
Write a reference list for at least SIX sources which you have
found yourself. You should also include the two sources you
were given if you plan to use them in your essay.
Bibliography
Wirtz,V et al.(2016).Essential medicines for universal healthy
coverage. [PDF] pp.402-438.
Oliver, T. (n.d.). Guide to U.S. health and health care policy.
4th ed. Denver: CQ press.
Jensen,U and Mooney, G . (n.d.), ‘Changing Values in Medical
and Healthy Care Decision Making’,pp.17-53.
Ellis, R., Chen, T. and Luscombe, C. (2014). Comparisons of
Health Insurance Systems in Developed Countries. [PDF]
Available at:
http://blogs.bu.edu/ellisrp/files/2013/04/2013_EllisChenLuscom
be_Comparisons_EHE_20130425b.pdf [Accessed 6 Mar. 2019].
Woolhandler, S. and Himmelstein, D. (2017). The Relationship
of Health Insurance and Mortality: Is Lack of Insurance
Deadly?. Annals of Internal Medicine, 167(6), p.424.
Kaplan, R. and Babas, Y. (2011). Balancing influence between
actors in healthcare decision making. [online] Available at:
https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/14
72-6963-11-85#Bib1.

4. The economic impact of hospitals in OHIO. (2015). [ebook]
pp.2-6. Available at:
https://ohiohospitals.org/OHA/media/Images/News%20and%20P
ublications/Reports/Economic-Impact-Report-Hospitals-
Version-FINAL.pdf.
EVALUATION 1
Reference: EILLS R, Chen Tx and Luscombe CE 2014,
‘Comparisons of Health Insurance Systems in Developed
Countries ’ viewed
http://blogs.bu.edu/ellisrp/files/2013/04/2013_EllisChenLuscom
be_Comparisons_EHE_20130425b.pdf
In-Text Reference: Eillis, Chen, Luscombe( 2014)
Why have you chosen this source? Refer to the currency,
authority, purpose, reliability of evidence or data, objectivity,
use of expected academic conventions.
This is an academic article published in 2014. Although it is 5
years old , the information given seems to be still relevant.
Thus, I think this passage enough can be reliable and currency.
In addition, the author is graduate Boston University and data is
not outdated, thus it is authority. Finally, it doesn’t use

5. personal language so it is objective.
How is the source relevant to your title? What are the useful
points / arguments made in the text?
It is compare five development counties, Canada, America,
Japan, Germany and Singapore. Use Canada and America health
care to compare. In Canada, public can easily get free
healthcare. In addition, government also provide free significant
hospital and medicines. However, American spent lots of the
money on healthcare. Compare with other develop countries,
America is the highest one.
Thus it proves that America healthcare are nowhere as good as
Canada. Good healthcare can maintain social stability and
decline crime rate.I will use it in some compare position
between America and Canada, and show the significant of
healthcare.
Part II - Source Evaluation
Complete the table below for FOUR sources you have found
which are reliable and relevant for your essay. You should not
use sources you were given in this section.
EVALUATION 2
Reference: Kaplan, R. and Babas, Y. (2011). Balancing
influence between actors in healthcare decision making.
[online] Available at:
https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/14
72-6963-11-85#Bib1 [Accessed 27 Apr. 2019].
In-Text Reference:(Kaplan and Babas, 2011)

6. Why have you chosen this source? Refer to the currency,
authority, purpose, reliability of evidence or data, objectivity,
use of expected academic conventions.
Fist of all, this article is a suitable academic source. It is
written by Robert M Kaplan and Yair M Babad. Both authors
are study in reputable University thus this article has authority.
The article published less than 10 years in 2011 and the data
and information in the passages relevant with our essay , so it
can prove that this essay has currency.
In addition, at the end of the article is the bibliography.
Therefore, some evidences and ideas are objectivity and do not
have any personal language. Moreover, there are also some
official datas and it enough reliability.
How is the source relevant to your title? What are the useful
points / arguments made in the text?
Firstly, this article generally discuss America healthcare and
this system face some problems. Secondly it also show the
relationship between healthcare and economics. Finally there
are some evidences illustration outstanding healthcare can make
people longevity and increase labor force.
My statement is healthcare influence economics development. If
people spent lot of money on health, they will reduce other
areas disburse. In addition, if set more services for healthcare,
it will give people work chance.
Summary of the useful point :
American healthcare spending and the percentage of GDP
higher than any other economies. In addition, American babies
dead rate higher than other countries and life expectancies
lower than others. Suitable price for healthcare can lead to
economics development.

7. EVALUATION 3
Reference:Woolhandler, S. and Himmelstein, D. (2017). The
Relationship of Health Insurance and Mortality: Is Lack of
Insurance Deadly?. Annals of Internal Medicine, 167(6), p.424.
In-Text Reference: (Woolhandler and Himmelstein, 2017)
Why have you chosen this source? Refer to the currency,
authority, purpose, reliability of evidence or data, objectivity,
use of expected academic conventions.
One of the most reason is that both author are Doctor of
Medicine. It can say that this article reliable enough. Another
reason is this article release in 2017, and have many relevant
information. So it can prove this article is currency. Then in
this article have lots of accurate figures, and is not outdated,
therefore it has authority.
In addition, this article is academic source and use academic
conventions. Finally, whole passage language is objective.
How is the source relevant to your title? What are the useful
points / arguments made in the text?
My argument is provide workforce and dead rate decrease.
Obviously, expect accidental death, the better healthcare, the
lower mortality.
Below is some useful points for me:
The people who have insurances dead rate lower than person
who don’t have. In addition, when people need essential
healthcare, the boarder coverage can help public more and save
more life.
However, in America lots of people don’t have insurance, and
according to the policy still make millions American loss
insured. Then there are many evidences show that survival
decrease because of lack health insurance.

8. Thus insurance is important, countries should provide their
citizens healthcare insurance.
EVALUATION 4
Reference: Oliver, T. (n.d.). Guide to U.S. health and health
care policy. 4th ed. Denver: CQ press.
In-Text Reference: (Oliver,n.d.)
Why have you chosen this source? Refer to the currency,
authority, purpose, reliability of evidence or data, objectivity,
use of expected academic conventions.
Although there isn't published data, we don’t know whether
outdated or long time later, information are very useful and
relevant. Thus, we cannot evaluate it currency or not. In
another hand, author is University of Wisconsin School of
Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. This mean
author have professional knowledge with my easy tittle. So I
think it not only reliable but also authority. Last but no least, it
also an academic source and use academic conventions.
How is the source relevant to your title? What are the useful
points / arguments made in the text?
This article show that America healthcare system.
People who don’t have jobs or who are self-employed are very
difficult to get health insurance, because people get that from
employer. Differentiate other develop countries, not any
American have healthcare.
The passage also give some examples to show how much people
need to pay. When a person have seriously ill or injured, he will
be sent to the ICU. Stay in there is really expensive 30,000
dollar per day.
Another useful point is this article mention how healthcare
influence economic.social stability is base on government

9. welfare. If everyone live and work in peace and contentment,
society will become more powerful. Another view is if public
concern about happen accidents, people need to save money for
that.
Part III – ERE Outline
Provide a clear plan of your essay, including the key points you
will include, and the sources you will use to support your
points. You can use the sources you were given, as well as your
own sources.
ERE Outline
Tittle
Should governments be obliged to ensure that free, accessible
healthcare is available to all citizens, irrespective of age or
health status? Discuss public healthcare provision in two
countries to support your response.
Introduction
Background:
Healthcare is important to the society because people get ill,
accidents and emergencies happen. Hospitals are needed to
diagnose, treat and manage different types of ailments and
diseases. Many of people’s aspirations and desires cannot be
met without longer, healthier, happy lives.
Thesis:
I belief that government should provide free healthcare for
every citizen in particular children, elder people and
disabilities.
Topic sentence :
Good healthcare can make dead rate decrease and provide
workforce.
Supporting points :
A Relative between healthy care and dead rate.
1,The odds of dying among the insured relative to the uninsured

10. is 0.71 to 0.97 (Woolhandler and Himmelstein, 2017).
2, Broader health coverage generally leads to better access to
necessary care and improved population health (Woolhandler
and Himmelstein ,2017).
B Compare different countries.
1, According to the U.S. Cen- sus Bureau 15.7 percent, or
nearly 48.6 million, of Americans did not have healthcare
insurance in 2011. (Oliver, n.d.)
2, Use Canada and America health care to compare. In Canada,
every citizen and permanent resident is automatically covered.
(Eillis, Chen, Luscombe, 2014) .
Topic sentence:
Outstanding healthy care can stimulate economic development
and circulation of money.
Supporting points:
A Cost of healthy care
1, Healthcare spending the percentage of GDP higher than any
other economies. (Kaplan and Babas, 2011)
2,A stay in the ICU can cost as much as $30,000 a day! ( Oliver,
n.d.)
B Influence of economic.
1, Set more services for healthcare, it will give people work
chance. (Kaplan and Babas, 2011)
2, Most people still remain lots of money in order to prevent
disease in the future. (Lawton, Gordon 2017)
Topic sentence:Healthcare maintain social stability and decline
crime rate
Healthcare maintain social stability and decline crime rate.
Supporting points:
A Make people live and work in peace and contentment
2, A person in healthy feel full of positive energy ( Jensen and

11. Mooney, n.d.).
B How healthy care influence crime.
1, Can’t afford expensive medical cost and basic drugs.
(Veronika, et.al).
2, People will get illnesses and will not be able to work and
this then circles back to a poor economy(Lee-Simion, 2017).
1, Without healthcare the general public is easily influenced by
emotional
feelings of fear and panic. ( Jensen and Mooney, n.d.)
2, A person in healthy feel full of positive energy ( Jensen and
Mooney, n.d.).
B How healthy care influence crime.
1, Can’t afford expensive medical cost and basic drugs.
(Veronika, et.al).
2, People will get illnesses and will not be able to work and
this then circles back to a poor economy(Kaplan and Babas,
2011).
Conclusion:
Government have obligation to give free, accessible healthcare
for all citizens.
It is not only for public life but also influence a country
development.
Provide people basic facilities is government duty