Stormy Weather

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This document analyzes the Storm botnet threat in 2007. It describes how Storm infects computers through malicious email attachments and website visits, turning the computers into remotely controlled "botnets". The botnets are then rented out to generate spam emails and launch denial-of-service attacks. Storm also sells personal data mined from infected computers. To avoid detection, Storm uses rootkits, regular code updates, and techniques like decentralized control and frequent code replacement. The document lists several Storm outbreaks in 2007 and includes graphs showing spam volume and the country of origin for Storm-infected IP addresses.

Technology News & Politics

Stormy Weather
A quantitative assessment of the Storm web threat in 2007
q

Raimund Genes, Anthony Arrott, and David Sancho
Trend Micro

VB2008 - Ottawa October 2008

Stormy Weather
A quantitative assessment of the Storm web threat in 2007

Storm activity by country of IP source

VB2008 - Ottawa October 2008 2 Copyright 2008 - Trend Micro Inc.

Stormy Weather
A quantitative assessment of the Storm web threat in 2007

How does Storm infect computers?
• Users open executable email attachments
(e.g. ‘Full Story.exe’)

or

• Users visit infected websites
(e.g. ‘click_for_full_story’)

• Either way, user click results in becoming a remotely-controlled
botnet zombie

VB2008 - Ottawa October 2008 3 Copyright 2008 - Trend Micro Inc.

Stormy Weather
A quantitative assessment of the Storm web threat in 2007

What does Storm do to make money for its perpetrators?

• ‘Botnets for rent’ in underground economy

• Rented botnets used:
– as spam engines
– in denial of service attacks

• Sell mined zombie data (e.g. address book contents)

VB2008 - Ottawa October 2008 4 Copyright 2008 - Trend Micro Inc.

Stormy Weather
A quantitative assessment of the Storm web threat in 2007

How does Storm protect itself from detection & removal?
• Infects host zombies with rootkits

• Provides periodic updates of malware code

• Botnets configured
– decentralized control
– rotating activation
– enhanced encryption
encr ption
– frequent code replacement

VB2008 - Ottawa October 2008 5 Copyright 2008 - Trend Micro Inc.

Stormy Weather
A quantitative assessment of the Storm web threat in 2007

Storm outbreaks in 2007
– 17 Jan 07 – “European Storm” Spam
– 12 Apr 07 – “Worm Alert” Spam
– 27 Jun 07 – “E-card” (applet.exe)
– 4 July 07 – “231st B-day”
– 2 Sep 07 – “Labor Day” (labor.exe)
– 5 Sep 07 – “Tor Proxy”
Tor Proxy
– 10 Sep 07 – “NFL Tracker”
– 17 S 07 – “A d G
Sep “Arcade Games”
”

Adopted from: Porras Saidi & Yagneswaran
Porras,

VB2008 - Ottawa October 2008 6 Copyright 2008 - Trend Micro Inc.

Stormy Weather
A quantitative assessment of the Storm web threat in 2007

spam

VB2008 - Ottawa October 2008 7 Copyright 2008 - Trend Micro Inc.

Stormy Weather
A quantitative assessment of the Storm web threat in 2007

source: Trend Micro

VB2008 - Ottawa October 2008 8 Copyright 2008 - Trend Micro Inc.

Stormy Weather
A quantitative assessment of the Storm web threat in 2007

spam volume

VB2008 - Ottawa October 2008 9 Copyright 2008 - Trend Micro Inc.

Stormy Weather
A quantitative assessment of the Storm web threat in 2007

VB2008 - Ottawa October 2008 10 Copyright 2008 - Trend Micro Inc.

Stormy Weather
A quantitative assessment of the Storm web threat in 2007

?

VB2008 - Ottawa October 2008 11 Copyright 2008 - Trend Micro Inc.

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Stormy Weather

1. Stormy Weather A quantitative assessment of the Storm web threat in 2007 q Raimund Genes, Anthony Arrott, and David Sancho Trend Micro VB2008 - Ottawa October 2008

3. Stormy Weather A quantitative assessment of the Storm web threat in 2007 How does Storm infect computers? • Users open executable email attachments (e.g. ‘Full Story.exe’) or • Users visit infected websites (e.g. ‘click_for_full_story’) • Either way, user click results in becoming a remotely-controlled botnet zombie VB2008 - Ottawa October 2008 3 Copyright 2008 - Trend Micro Inc.

4. Stormy Weather A quantitative assessment of the Storm web threat in 2007 What does Storm do to make money for its perpetrators? • ‘Botnets for rent’ in underground economy • Rented botnets used: – as spam engines – in denial of service attacks • Sell mined zombie data (e.g. address book contents) VB2008 - Ottawa October 2008 4 Copyright 2008 - Trend Micro Inc.

5. Stormy Weather A quantitative assessment of the Storm web threat in 2007 How does Storm protect itself from detection & removal? • Infects host zombies with rootkits • Provides periodic updates of malware code • Botnets configured – decentralized control – rotating activation – enhanced encryption encr ption – frequent code replacement VB2008 - Ottawa October 2008 5 Copyright 2008 - Trend Micro Inc.

6. Stormy Weather A quantitative assessment of the Storm web threat in 2007 Storm outbreaks in 2007 – 17 Jan 07 – “European Storm” Spam – 12 Apr 07 – “Worm Alert” Spam – 27 Jun 07 – “E-card” (applet.exe) – 4 July 07 – “231st B-day” – 2 Sep 07 – “Labor Day” (labor.exe) – 5 Sep 07 – “Tor Proxy” Tor Proxy – 10 Sep 07 – “NFL Tracker” – 17 S 07 – “A d G Sep “Arcade Games” ” Adopted from: Porras Saidi & Yagneswaran Porras, VB2008 - Ottawa October 2008 6 Copyright 2008 - Trend Micro Inc.

12. Thank you VB2008 - Ottawa October 2008

Stormy Weather

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