This PPT mainly focused on the Focus group discussion and Key Information interview slides which helps student, researcher or development practioner to help to build the slides in this way
A focus group is a market research method that brings together 6-10 people in a room to provide feedback regarding a product, service, concept, or marketing campaign.
Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) are defined as semi structured group discussions, used to obtain in-depth information (qualitative data - insight) from a group of people about a particular topic.
The focus group discussion yields information about people’s opinions, beliefs, attitudes, and perceptions towards a product, service, concept, advertisement, idea, or packaging.
Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) are defined as semi structured group discussions, which yield qualitative data on the community level by facilitating interaction between participants.
Topic about Focus Group Discussion with reference to a paper prepared by Dr. Monina Escalada (with permission). Used in a lecture about Research Methods in Agriculture
The document discusses various qualitative research methods, including rapid appraisal, focus group discussions (FGDs), focus group interviews (FGIs), and in-depth interviews (IDIs). It provides descriptions and guidelines for conducting each method. Specifically, it outlines the key principles and steps for rapid appraisal, discusses how to develop discussion guides and conduct FGDs, and explains when FGIs and IDIs are appropriate qualitative research techniques.
The document discusses various qualitative research methods used for rapid assessment including rapid appraisal (RA), focus group discussions (FGDs), focus group interviews (FGIs), and in-depth interviews (IDIs). It provides details on the principles and processes for each method. RA uses a systems perspective, triangulation, and iterative data collection. FGDs involve group discussions guided by a moderator to discuss key themes. FGIs are similar but less structured. IDIs use intensive individual interviews to explore perspectives on a topic in depth. All these methods aim to gather in-depth qualitative data within a short time period to inform project design and evaluation.
This document provides an overview of focused group interviews. It defines a focus group as a small group of 8-12 people brought together by a moderator to explore attitudes and perceptions on a given topic. Focus groups are used to understand problems from participants' viewpoints and generate detailed data in participants' own words. They are well-suited for sensitive topics, marginalized groups, and generating ideas. The document outlines types of focus groups, their use in research, steps for conducting them, advantages, challenges, and ethical and logistical considerations.
Focus group discussions (FGDs) involve moderated group discussions with 8-12 respondents to discuss a research topic. Planning for FGDs should start weeks in advance by developing research questions and identifying participants and a neutral venue. During FGDs, the moderator leads a loosely structured interview while the discussion is recorded and participants are assigned numbers. The moderator must encourage all participants to share their views respectfully and avoid leading questions. After the FGD, the report is prepared while the discussion is still fresh by recording responses to each question and interesting quotes.
A focus group is a market research method that brings together 6-10 people in a room to provide feedback regarding a product, service, concept, or marketing campaign.
Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) are defined as semi structured group discussions, used to obtain in-depth information (qualitative data - insight) from a group of people about a particular topic.
The focus group discussion yields information about people’s opinions, beliefs, attitudes, and perceptions towards a product, service, concept, advertisement, idea, or packaging.
Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) are defined as semi structured group discussions, which yield qualitative data on the community level by facilitating interaction between participants.
Topic about Focus Group Discussion with reference to a paper prepared by Dr. Monina Escalada (with permission). Used in a lecture about Research Methods in Agriculture
The document discusses various qualitative research methods, including rapid appraisal, focus group discussions (FGDs), focus group interviews (FGIs), and in-depth interviews (IDIs). It provides descriptions and guidelines for conducting each method. Specifically, it outlines the key principles and steps for rapid appraisal, discusses how to develop discussion guides and conduct FGDs, and explains when FGIs and IDIs are appropriate qualitative research techniques.
The document discusses various qualitative research methods used for rapid assessment including rapid appraisal (RA), focus group discussions (FGDs), focus group interviews (FGIs), and in-depth interviews (IDIs). It provides details on the principles and processes for each method. RA uses a systems perspective, triangulation, and iterative data collection. FGDs involve group discussions guided by a moderator to discuss key themes. FGIs are similar but less structured. IDIs use intensive individual interviews to explore perspectives on a topic in depth. All these methods aim to gather in-depth qualitative data within a short time period to inform project design and evaluation.
This document provides an overview of focused group interviews. It defines a focus group as a small group of 8-12 people brought together by a moderator to explore attitudes and perceptions on a given topic. Focus groups are used to understand problems from participants' viewpoints and generate detailed data in participants' own words. They are well-suited for sensitive topics, marginalized groups, and generating ideas. The document outlines types of focus groups, their use in research, steps for conducting them, advantages, challenges, and ethical and logistical considerations.
Focus group discussions (FGDs) involve moderated group discussions with 8-12 respondents to discuss a research topic. Planning for FGDs should start weeks in advance by developing research questions and identifying participants and a neutral venue. During FGDs, the moderator leads a loosely structured interview while the discussion is recorded and participants are assigned numbers. The moderator must encourage all participants to share their views respectfully and avoid leading questions. After the FGD, the report is prepared while the discussion is still fresh by recording responses to each question and interesting quotes.
Focus groups involve inviting a group of participants to discuss their thoughts, feelings, and ideas on a particular subject. To plan an effective focus group, the objectives and target audience must be clearly defined. Participants are then recruited and the focus group is moderated by an experienced moderator. Focus groups provide qualitative data in participants' own words and allow for ideas to build off each other. However, they require skilled moderation and some participants can dominate discussion. Facilitation tips include starting with engaging topics, noting responses, and encouraging discussion around participants' ideas.
Definition: Focus group discussions (FGDs) are facilitated discussions, held with a small group of people who have specialist knowledge or interest in a particular topic.
Focus group discussion is frequently used as a qualitative approach to gain an in‐depth understanding of social issues.
What is Focus group discussion?
seating arrangement
why conduct a focus group discussion?
in-depth understanding
how do i conduct focus group discussion?
challenges of focus group
Maintain participation of group members
Confidentiality
recording
what other challenges do you think of?
The document provides guidance on conducting effective focus group discussions (FGDs). It defines an FGD as a qualitative research method used to obtain in-depth information from a group on a particular issue. It outlines the key steps in planning, preparing for, conducting, and wrapping up an FGD. This includes developing discussion questions, selecting 8-15 participants, setting ground rules, taking notes, probing for more information, and thanking participants at the end. The document emphasizes skills like carefully wording questions and ensuring all participants have a chance to share their perspectives.
The document provides an overview of focus group discussions (FGDs) as a qualitative research method. It describes FGDs as involving small groups of 8-12 people who discuss a particular topic of interest. Key aspects of FGDs include encouraging interaction between participants and being led by a moderator. The document also outlines best practices for planning, conducting, analyzing and reporting on FGDs.
Learn about the use of focus and discussion groups to engage and/or collect data with patients, the public, and research participants.
CHI's Lunchtime Learning is open to all researchers, decision-makers, clinicians, patients and members of the public who want to learn more about the theory and practice of meaningful, inclusive, and safe patient and public engagement.
Following this session, attendees should be able to:
- Describe differences between focus groups and discussion groups;
- Determine when each approach is appropriate to use; and
- Assess challenges and needs for planning effective focus and discussion groups.
A focus group involves bringing people together to discuss a topic and gather their opinions and perspectives. It is facilitated by a moderator who asks questions, ensures everyone participates, and keeps the discussion on track. Good moderators create a relaxed environment, explain the purpose and process, and make all participants comfortable sharing. They ask open-ended questions, listen closely, and take detailed notes without letting one person dominate. Choosing an accessible venue without distractions and properly setting up equipment is also important for a successful focus group.
This document provides guidelines for designing focus group studies from an Institutional Review Board
(IRB) perspective, including considerations for: protocol design, risks, informed consent, sample consent
forms, and submission requirements. Key elements to address in the protocol are the study purpose,
population, recruitment, location, discussion topics, moderator, confidentiality measures, duration, and
compensation. Risks may include breach of confidentiality or emotional distress, so protocols must have
safeguards. Informed consent requirements depend on the risk level, and waivers may be possible.
This document provides guidance on designing research instruments and interview guides. It discusses open-ended questions, closed-ended questions, observation techniques, and types of interviews. Open-ended questions allow respondents freedom in answering and are useful for obtaining in-depth information. Closed-ended questions include dichotomous, multiple choice, cafeteria, rank order, forced choice, and rating questions. The document also covers focus groups, noting their advantages in gathering views from interactions, as well as limitations like group dynamics. Direct observation and taking field notes can provide context and confirm interviewee perceptions.
1. Focus groups can be used in various sectors like marketing, public relations, health services, and social science research to generate insights into attitudes, behaviors, and decision-making processes.
2. Proper research design and planning is required when conducting focus groups. This involves considering the facilitator, setting, participant size and composition, recruitment methods, topic guide, and addressing any ethical issues.
3. Focus groups are best for exploring perspectives and meanings that people ascribe to ideas and experiences. They provide insights into how views are formed and modified in a group context.
The document outlines a seminar presentation on panel discussions. It defines a panel discussion as a conversation carried out by a few people in front of an audience. It discusses the objectives, purpose, principles, types (public and educational), procedures, roles of instructor/moderator/panelists/audience, importance, characteristics, limitations, and guidelines for conducting effective panel discussions. The presentation covers selecting topics and participants, moderating the discussion, and concluding the panel.
The document outlines how VF Uganda, a microfinance institution, used focus group discussions to improve their loan products. They partnered with Microsave consultancy, who helped develop product prototypes. Microsave then conducted focus groups in VF Uganda's target communities to get feedback on the prototypes. Participants tested and shared opinions on the different product options. Microsave and VF Uganda staff moderated the discussions. The insights were used to refine the prototypes before pilot testing and launching final improved products.
Agricultural like in the coming months? Why?
extension agent/field
• What are the main crops grown in your village?
staff
• What are the main constraints to agricultural
production?
• What agricultural technologies have been
introduced in your village? How effective are they?
Why?
• What are the main sources of agricultural
information? How accessible are they?
• What are the main post-harvest losses? How can
they be reduced?
9- Health and Assess health and nutrition • What are the main health problems in your village?
nutrition situation and impact of How do they vary by season?
project activities
• What are
Qualitative research by Dr. Subraham PanySubraham Pany
This document provides an overview of qualitative research methods. It discusses the characteristics of qualitative research including a focus on description, interpretation, and understanding participants' perspectives. Common data collection techniques are described like participant observation, interviews, focus groups, and sampling approaches. The stages of qualitative analysis are outlined as data reduction, data display, drawing and verifying conclusions. Finally, some software options for qualitative analysis are mentioned along with their limitations.
By the end of this presentation you should be able to:
Describe different types of data collection techniques
Demonstrate dimensions , type of observations and how to prepare and conduct observation
Understand the practical communication skills for interviews to ask good questions , probe and follow up questions .
Able to prepare for interview
Understand the characteristics and uses of focus group discussions
Conduct focus group discussions
This document discusses various advances in extension methodologies. It covers topics such as communication models, extension program planning and evaluation, individual and group contact extension teaching methods, small group discussion techniques, and capacity building of extension personnel and farmers. Communication is defined as the process by which people exchange information to gain a common understanding. The document outlines several communication models and discusses barriers to effective communication such as filtering, distortion, communication overload, and absence of redundancy. It also describes the process of extension program planning, evaluation, and various extension teaching methods used for individual and group contacts.
Using focus groups for evaluating learner experiences by Tunde Varga-Atkins a...Tünde Varga-Atkins
This presentation was developed for participants on a PgDip programme - the remit was to offer insight into focus groups as a potential method of data collection for their research project.
A Focus group discussion (FGD) is a qualitative research method used in socia...Nazirul Baized
A Focus group discussion is a qualitative research method used in social sciences. It involves bringing together a small group of individual (usually 6 to 10 participants) in-depth insights, opinions and perceptions from participants about a specific subject. The FGD is typically led by a trained moderator who guides the discussion ensuring that all participants have an opportunity to express their views. The moderator uses a semi-structured discussion guide with open -ended question to explore various aspects.
Features of Focus Group Discussion
Learn about their ideas and experiences on a particular subject.
Collecting several viewpoints on same subject.
To get insights into people’s common knowledge of daily life and how individuals are affected when they are in groups.
Group leadership and interpersonal skills are critical to the success of a moderator.
Key steps of FGD
This document discusses focus groups, including their history, purpose, advantages, disadvantages, best practices, and costs. Focus groups originated in the 1940s to evaluate audience responses and were later adopted by businesses. They involve organized interviews of small groups to discuss select issues and yield useful information for program design and evaluation. Key advantages include obtaining diverse perspectives and ideas in a time-efficient manner. Potential limitations are non-representative findings and one group dominating. Moderators must ensure discussions remain balanced and confidential. Planning, participant selection, facilitation, and data analysis are important for high-quality focus group research.
The document discusses focus group basics and guidelines for running a focus group. It provides details on sampling participants, developing a protocol with 8-12 questions, using a moderator to facilitate discussion, and ensuring all participants have a chance to speak. An effective focus group has 6-8 participants, lasts 1-2 hours, and is recorded to allow qualitative analysis supported by quotes. Focus groups are useful for eliciting group interaction and perspectives on topics not spontaneously brought up in individual interviews.
Focus groups involve inviting a group of participants to discuss their thoughts, feelings, and ideas on a particular subject. To plan an effective focus group, the objectives and target audience must be clearly defined. Participants are then recruited and the focus group is moderated by an experienced moderator. Focus groups provide qualitative data in participants' own words and allow for ideas to build off each other. However, they require skilled moderation and some participants can dominate discussion. Facilitation tips include starting with engaging topics, noting responses, and encouraging discussion around participants' ideas.
Definition: Focus group discussions (FGDs) are facilitated discussions, held with a small group of people who have specialist knowledge or interest in a particular topic.
Focus group discussion is frequently used as a qualitative approach to gain an in‐depth understanding of social issues.
What is Focus group discussion?
seating arrangement
why conduct a focus group discussion?
in-depth understanding
how do i conduct focus group discussion?
challenges of focus group
Maintain participation of group members
Confidentiality
recording
what other challenges do you think of?
The document provides guidance on conducting effective focus group discussions (FGDs). It defines an FGD as a qualitative research method used to obtain in-depth information from a group on a particular issue. It outlines the key steps in planning, preparing for, conducting, and wrapping up an FGD. This includes developing discussion questions, selecting 8-15 participants, setting ground rules, taking notes, probing for more information, and thanking participants at the end. The document emphasizes skills like carefully wording questions and ensuring all participants have a chance to share their perspectives.
The document provides an overview of focus group discussions (FGDs) as a qualitative research method. It describes FGDs as involving small groups of 8-12 people who discuss a particular topic of interest. Key aspects of FGDs include encouraging interaction between participants and being led by a moderator. The document also outlines best practices for planning, conducting, analyzing and reporting on FGDs.
Learn about the use of focus and discussion groups to engage and/or collect data with patients, the public, and research participants.
CHI's Lunchtime Learning is open to all researchers, decision-makers, clinicians, patients and members of the public who want to learn more about the theory and practice of meaningful, inclusive, and safe patient and public engagement.
Following this session, attendees should be able to:
- Describe differences between focus groups and discussion groups;
- Determine when each approach is appropriate to use; and
- Assess challenges and needs for planning effective focus and discussion groups.
A focus group involves bringing people together to discuss a topic and gather their opinions and perspectives. It is facilitated by a moderator who asks questions, ensures everyone participates, and keeps the discussion on track. Good moderators create a relaxed environment, explain the purpose and process, and make all participants comfortable sharing. They ask open-ended questions, listen closely, and take detailed notes without letting one person dominate. Choosing an accessible venue without distractions and properly setting up equipment is also important for a successful focus group.
This document provides guidelines for designing focus group studies from an Institutional Review Board
(IRB) perspective, including considerations for: protocol design, risks, informed consent, sample consent
forms, and submission requirements. Key elements to address in the protocol are the study purpose,
population, recruitment, location, discussion topics, moderator, confidentiality measures, duration, and
compensation. Risks may include breach of confidentiality or emotional distress, so protocols must have
safeguards. Informed consent requirements depend on the risk level, and waivers may be possible.
This document provides guidance on designing research instruments and interview guides. It discusses open-ended questions, closed-ended questions, observation techniques, and types of interviews. Open-ended questions allow respondents freedom in answering and are useful for obtaining in-depth information. Closed-ended questions include dichotomous, multiple choice, cafeteria, rank order, forced choice, and rating questions. The document also covers focus groups, noting their advantages in gathering views from interactions, as well as limitations like group dynamics. Direct observation and taking field notes can provide context and confirm interviewee perceptions.
1. Focus groups can be used in various sectors like marketing, public relations, health services, and social science research to generate insights into attitudes, behaviors, and decision-making processes.
2. Proper research design and planning is required when conducting focus groups. This involves considering the facilitator, setting, participant size and composition, recruitment methods, topic guide, and addressing any ethical issues.
3. Focus groups are best for exploring perspectives and meanings that people ascribe to ideas and experiences. They provide insights into how views are formed and modified in a group context.
The document outlines a seminar presentation on panel discussions. It defines a panel discussion as a conversation carried out by a few people in front of an audience. It discusses the objectives, purpose, principles, types (public and educational), procedures, roles of instructor/moderator/panelists/audience, importance, characteristics, limitations, and guidelines for conducting effective panel discussions. The presentation covers selecting topics and participants, moderating the discussion, and concluding the panel.
The document outlines how VF Uganda, a microfinance institution, used focus group discussions to improve their loan products. They partnered with Microsave consultancy, who helped develop product prototypes. Microsave then conducted focus groups in VF Uganda's target communities to get feedback on the prototypes. Participants tested and shared opinions on the different product options. Microsave and VF Uganda staff moderated the discussions. The insights were used to refine the prototypes before pilot testing and launching final improved products.
Agricultural like in the coming months? Why?
extension agent/field
• What are the main crops grown in your village?
staff
• What are the main constraints to agricultural
production?
• What agricultural technologies have been
introduced in your village? How effective are they?
Why?
• What are the main sources of agricultural
information? How accessible are they?
• What are the main post-harvest losses? How can
they be reduced?
9- Health and Assess health and nutrition • What are the main health problems in your village?
nutrition situation and impact of How do they vary by season?
project activities
• What are
Qualitative research by Dr. Subraham PanySubraham Pany
This document provides an overview of qualitative research methods. It discusses the characteristics of qualitative research including a focus on description, interpretation, and understanding participants' perspectives. Common data collection techniques are described like participant observation, interviews, focus groups, and sampling approaches. The stages of qualitative analysis are outlined as data reduction, data display, drawing and verifying conclusions. Finally, some software options for qualitative analysis are mentioned along with their limitations.
By the end of this presentation you should be able to:
Describe different types of data collection techniques
Demonstrate dimensions , type of observations and how to prepare and conduct observation
Understand the practical communication skills for interviews to ask good questions , probe and follow up questions .
Able to prepare for interview
Understand the characteristics and uses of focus group discussions
Conduct focus group discussions
This document discusses various advances in extension methodologies. It covers topics such as communication models, extension program planning and evaluation, individual and group contact extension teaching methods, small group discussion techniques, and capacity building of extension personnel and farmers. Communication is defined as the process by which people exchange information to gain a common understanding. The document outlines several communication models and discusses barriers to effective communication such as filtering, distortion, communication overload, and absence of redundancy. It also describes the process of extension program planning, evaluation, and various extension teaching methods used for individual and group contacts.
Using focus groups for evaluating learner experiences by Tunde Varga-Atkins a...Tünde Varga-Atkins
This presentation was developed for participants on a PgDip programme - the remit was to offer insight into focus groups as a potential method of data collection for their research project.
A Focus group discussion (FGD) is a qualitative research method used in socia...Nazirul Baized
A Focus group discussion is a qualitative research method used in social sciences. It involves bringing together a small group of individual (usually 6 to 10 participants) in-depth insights, opinions and perceptions from participants about a specific subject. The FGD is typically led by a trained moderator who guides the discussion ensuring that all participants have an opportunity to express their views. The moderator uses a semi-structured discussion guide with open -ended question to explore various aspects.
Features of Focus Group Discussion
Learn about their ideas and experiences on a particular subject.
Collecting several viewpoints on same subject.
To get insights into people’s common knowledge of daily life and how individuals are affected when they are in groups.
Group leadership and interpersonal skills are critical to the success of a moderator.
Key steps of FGD
This document discusses focus groups, including their history, purpose, advantages, disadvantages, best practices, and costs. Focus groups originated in the 1940s to evaluate audience responses and were later adopted by businesses. They involve organized interviews of small groups to discuss select issues and yield useful information for program design and evaluation. Key advantages include obtaining diverse perspectives and ideas in a time-efficient manner. Potential limitations are non-representative findings and one group dominating. Moderators must ensure discussions remain balanced and confidential. Planning, participant selection, facilitation, and data analysis are important for high-quality focus group research.
The document discusses focus group basics and guidelines for running a focus group. It provides details on sampling participants, developing a protocol with 8-12 questions, using a moderator to facilitate discussion, and ensuring all participants have a chance to speak. An effective focus group has 6-8 participants, lasts 1-2 hours, and is recorded to allow qualitative analysis supported by quotes. Focus groups are useful for eliciting group interaction and perspectives on topics not spontaneously brought up in individual interviews.
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4. What is Focus Group Discussion
4
A method in which one or two
researchers and several participants
meet as a group to discuss a given
research topic
One researcher (the moderator) leads the
discussion by asking participants to respond to
open-ended questions, a second (the note-
taker) records the general themes participants
discuss
A focus group ideally will have 6-10
participants, typically 1-hour in duration
5. FGD Questionnaire
5
Structure
• Informed consent
• Site information (settlement type, location, and population groups)
• 10 questions: Community concerns, Perceived risks, Humanitarian assistance, Access
and availability of services and goods, Coping strategies, AAP
• General feedback / comments
Data collection
• One questionnaire should
be completed per FGD
• Questionnaires should be
completed on ODK – Open
Data Kit after the FGD
6. FGD Guidance Note
6
Focus Group Discussion (FGD) organization
• A FGD ideally consists of between 8 – 12 people.
• Organize separate male and female FGDs to obtain better quality
information.
• FGD participants can be selected ad hoc on site while taking diversity
factors such as age, disability, responsibility, religion, and ethnicity, into
account.
• Children should never be included in FGDs (a child is anyone under the
age of 18).
• Do not include leaders or other authority figures in the focus group
discussions. (If required / possible, some assessment team members can
interview them as key informants separately and in parallel to the focus
group discussions).
• Ideally, a FGD lasts anywhere from 45 to 90 minutes.
• The group should meet in a place where they can carry out the discussion
comfortably and privately (and in line with COVID-19 prevention
measures).
8. Jupiter
Jupiter is a gas giant and
the biggest planet in the
Solar System
Venus
Mars
Mercury
Mercury is the closest
planet from the Sun and
the smallest one
Venus has a beautiful
name and is the second
planet from the Sun
Despite being red, Mars is
actually a cold place full of
iron oxide dust
Market Research Infographics
9. FGD Guidance Note
9
Role of the facilitator
• At least two assessment team members required per FGD (one facilitator;
one note-taker).
• Ensure facilitators and note-takers are of appropriate gender and age, so
ideally male groups are facilitated by men and female groups by women.
• Facilitators should have appropriate language skills and cultural knowledge
to communicate with the community.
• Facilitators should establish ground rules (e.g. everyone has the right to
speak, speakers should not be interrupted etc.)
• Facilitators should ensure everyone understands the purpose of the
discussion and get permission from participants to take notes.
• Facilitators should manage the group discussions (e.g. gauging agreement,
balancing personalities, address potentially difficult or sensitive questions).
• Facilitators should aim to gather various ideas / opinions from as many
people as possible during the FGD.
• Facilitators should try and draw conclusions based on FGD responses.
Where there are varied responses, these should be recorded.
10. FGD Guidance Note
10
FGD guidance – opening the session
• Introduce yourself, team members, and purpose of FGD.
• Clarify how much time FGD is expected to take.
• Explain to participants that they’ve been invited to share their opinions and
that you will guide the discussion by asking the group to reflect on specific
open-ended questions.
• Read out the ‘Informed Consent’ statement from the FGD questionnaire and
obtain consent before proceeding (if any participants do not consent, they
should leave the FGD at this point).
• Highlight confidentiality and that participation is voluntary.
• Explain ground rules for the FGD (e.g. everyone has the right to speak, do
not interrupt others, respect other’s opinions etc).
• Allow time for questions and ask participants to introduce themselves.
11. FGD Guidance Note
11
FGD guidance
Do Don’t
Highlight confidentiality Create expectations about future humanitarian support
Pay attention to non-verbal signals Allow one or two people to dominate or to use the FGD for their
own agenda
Ask one question at a time Take sides or challenge what is being said
Speak clearly and slowly and repeat the questions if required Favour one participant over another
Obtain information on how different at-risk groups are affected Share your own opinions (verbally or non-verbally)
Probe when a response is unclear Use jargon or technical terms.
Repeat the answer of the participant as you understand it and
ask them to confirm.
End the FGD too abruptly. Give FGD participants the
opportunity to ask questions or share their thoughts on issues
that have not yet been discussed.
Balance participation
Respect local customs, norms, beliefs, and sensitivities,
especially in relation to gender
Avoid pre-conceived notions and fixed expectations
Do no harm
12. FGD Guidance Note
12
Data collection
• Questionnaires should be completed on ODK – Open Data Kit .
• Separate questionnaires should be used for each FGD and the assigned
note taker should enter the collected data immediately after the FGD.
• A hard copy of the questionnaire will be completed if ODK – Open Data Kit/
device is not working.
Do no harm
• The ‘Do no harm’ principle implies that in all circumstances and at all times,
humanitarians should not jeopardize the life, physical and psychological
safety, freedom and well-being of all those with whom we enter into contact
to avoid causing harm.
• There is a responsibility to balance the need to gather information and the
potential risk of harm to those who may be in a position to provide such
information.
Key definitions
13. FGD Guidance Note
13
FGD guidance – closing the session
• End the discussion by summarizing the main points. If there is time, invite
participants to reflect on the main ideas, and ask if they have any additional
thoughts to share.
• Thank the group for participating and let them know how the discussion
results will be used.
• Collect and save all notes from the discussion.