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1. MISSION FOR VISION CARE
GeorgeCollege of Management &Science
From, Bachelor in Clinical Optometry (5th Semester)
Presented By,
AnishaAlam
SayanKarmakar

2. PRESBYOPIA
● Normal physiology condition leading to progressive fall in
near vision due to insufficiency of accommodation.
● It is generally seen after age of 40 years.
● In myopes’ , it occur in late 40s while in hyperopes’ ,it
can be seen in late 30s.
● Globally 1.9 billion people are estimated to be affected by
Presbyopia.

4. Causes of Amblyopia
Decrease in the elasticity of
lens capsule .
Progressive increase in size
and hardness of the lens.
Reducing ciliary muscle power.
AGE RELATED
CHANGES
PREMATURE PRESBYOPIA
● Uncorrected
hypermetropia.
● Premature sclerosis of
the crystalline lens.
● weakness in ciliary
muscle .
● chronic simple
glaucoma

5. SYMPTOMS

6. Treatment
It is treated with convex(+) lens with
proper near add.
Most common option of prescribing
presbyopic add
● Single vision readingglasses.
● Bifocal glass
● Progressive Additional Lens(PAL)
● Trifocal.

7. Single vision Reading glass

8. BIFOCAL

9. PROGRESSIVE ADDITIONAL LENS

10. TRIFOCAL

11. TONOMETER
● Measure the Intra Ocular Pressure (IOP).
INDENTATION APPLANATION
SCHIOTZ TONOMETER
APPLANATION
TONOMETER

12. SCHIOTZ TONOMETER

13. GOLDMANN APPLANATION TONOMETRY

14. DIGITAL TONOMETRY

15. IMPORTANCE
● High pressure
causes damage of
optic nerve that
sometimes lead to
glucoma.

16. Cataract
Symptoms:
● Clouded, blurred or dim vision
● Increasing difficulty with vision at
night
● Sensitivity to light and glare
● Need for brighter light for reading
and other activities
● Frequent changes in eyeglass or
contact lens prescription
● Fading or yellowing of colors
● Double vision in a single eye
Risk Factors:
● Increasing age
● Diabetes
● Excessive exposure to sunlight
● Smoking
● High blood pressure
● Previous eye injury or inflammation
● Previous eye surgery
● Drinking excessive amounts of alcohol

17. Cataract Vision

18. Macular Degeneration
Symptoms:
● Visual distortions
● Reduced central vision in one or both
eyes
● The need for brighter light when
reading or doing close-up work
● Increased difficulty adapting to low
light levels, such as when entering a
dimly lit restaurant
● Increased blurriness of printed words
● Decreased intensity or brightness of
colors
● Difficulty recognizing faces
Risk Factors:
● Increasing age
● Genetics
● Smoking
● High blood pressure
● Obesity
● Cardiovascular Disease

19. Vision of MD

20. Diabetic Retinopathy
Symptoms:
● Spots or dark strings floating
in your vision (floaters)
● Blurred vision
● Fluctuating vision
● Dark or empty areas in your
vision
● Vision loss
Risk Factors:
● Having diabetes for a long time
● Poor control of Blood Sugar
level
● Smoking
● High blood pressure
● High cholesterol

21. Vision of DR

22. Glaucoma
Symptoms:
● Blind spot in central or
peripheral vision
● Severe headache
● Eye pain
● Nausea and vomiting
● Blurred vision
● Halos around lights
● Eye redness
Risk Factors:
● High IOP
● Being over age 60
● Having a family history of glaucoma
● Diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure
● Having thin cornea centrally
● Being extremely nearsighted or farsighted
● Having had an eye injury or certain types of eye surgery
● Taking corticosteroid medications, especially eye drops,
for a long time

23. Glaucoma Vision

25. Tips for healthy eyes and healthy
vision

26. Best foods to boost our eye health

27. A) Fish:- Coldwater fish such as Salmon, Sardines are rich in omega-3 fatty
acids, which may help protect against dry eyes, macular degeneration.
B) Leafy Greens:- Spinach, Leaf Cabbage is packed full of lutein and
zeaxanthin, important plant pigments that can help stem the development of
macular degeneration and cataracts.
C) Eggs:- The vitamins and nutrients in eggs, including lutein and vitamin A
which may protect against night blindness and dry eyes.

28. D) Whole grains:- A diet containing foods with a low glycemic index (GL) helps
reduce the risk for age-related macular degeneration. Refined carbohydrates for
brown rice, whole oats, and whole wheat bread, and pasta.
E) Fruits:- Oranges, grapefruits, lemons, and berries are high in Vitamin C, which
may reduce the risk of cataracts and macular degeneration.
F) Nuts:- Pistachios, Walnuts, Almonds are rich in omega-3 fatty acids and
Vitamin E that boost our eye health.
G) Legumes:- Lentils, Beans, peas are good sources of zinc that can help protect the
retina and lower the risk for developing macular degeneration and cataracts

29. Importance of eye exam

30. Don’ t Smoke
i) Sudden Vision loss
ii) Macular Degeneration
iii) Smokers with diabetes are at greater risk of developing diabetic
retinopathy

31. Use protective eyewear
i) Use safety glasses, goggles.
ii) Wear sunglasses. It will be helpful to protect from 99% to 100% UVA
and UVB radiation.
iii) Use the spectacles with coatings.

32. Lens Coatings
i) Blue Rays protective coating.
ii) ARC
iii) Scratch resistance coating.
iv) UV-protective coating.
v) Mirror coating.

34. Appropriate Frame Choosing
Here is how to select frames:
● Identify your face shape.
● Choose colors that complement your skin tone.
● Consider your way of living or lifestyle.

37. THANK
YOU