This document describes an improved animal holding device consisting of a pair of movable side arms that can embrace an animal's neck. The side arms are pivotally mounted and given simultaneous movement by contact with a pivoted operating lever. In the closed position, the side arms imprison the animal's neck, while in the open position they leave a wide space for the animal to put its head. The device allows animals to be safely held for inspection, medical treatment, or other purposes in a simple and humane manner.
This document describes a door structure for selectively opening and closing the interior of a shovel. The door is carried by two hinge bars that are pivotally mounted on the shovel. The door is secured to the hinge bars through paired yokes attached to the door. Each pair of yokes receives a hinge bar and aligned openings allow for a wedge block to pass through and secure the door to the hinge bars. The wedge block locks the door in position on the hinge bars in a single operation.
This patent is for a self-supporting tent comprising a framework of interconnected tubular members that can be assembled and disassembled easily. The tent has a cuboid shape with detachable walls and supports itself without the need for external anchoring. Key features include threaded pins that connect the transverse and vertical/longitudinal frame members, and wire ropes fastened to the edges of the tent covering which are secured within the tubular frame when assembled.
This document describes improvements to machines for broadcasting seeds, fertilizers, and other granular materials. It includes means to vary the distribution of materials in three ways: 1) by adjusting an outlet from the hopper to confine distribution to an arc and vary its spread, 2) by adjusting the outlet angularly to vary the direction of the arc, and 3) by adjusting a masking plate to vary the length of the outlet arc and thereby control the rate of distribution. These adjustments allow for variations in materials and machine operating conditions.
1) The document describes a packaging machine that inserts soft products like rubber goods into envelopes. It does this by first inserting the product into a flattened tube, then inserting the end of the tube containing the product into an open envelope.
2) A gripping device then presses on the part of the product protruding from the tube to hold it in place as the tube is withdrawn.
3) The machine uses a rotating spider arm mechanism to position flattened tubes containing products above open envelopes on a rotating turntable, transferring the products into the envelopes as the tubes are inserted and withdrawn.
This document describes improvements to textile ring spinning machines. It discusses prior art machines and limitations around friction and speed. The invention aims to allow for higher speeds by reducing friction through various means, including driving the spinning ring with an electric motor and using magnetic bearings on the spindle. Diagrams are provided to illustrate the invention, showing the arrangement of motors, magnetic components, and other elements.
This document summarizes a patent for an apparatus that stores digital data on a moving magnetic medium. It allows for simultaneously reading stored data from a cell on the medium and overriding it by writing new data to the same cell. This is accomplished by using timing impulses to select cells for reading and writing, with the reading gate occurring slightly before the writing gate. This allows time to determine if the cell contents need to be changed based on the read data and other inputs, before overriding the data during the writing gate. The document describes the technical details and diagrams of how this simultaneous read/write process is implemented on the magnetic medium.
This document describes a patent for a soap holder and applicator. The soap holder is made of a flexible material shaped like a soap cake with a slit that can be opened by squeezing to insert pieces of used soap. Part of the wall has a criss-cross lattice formation to expose the soap and allow direct contact between the soap and skin during use. When squeezed, the two halves of the holder separate to form an opening for inserting soap pieces.
This document provides details on patent GB780046 (A) which relates to a process for preparing lubricating compounds of the formal type. Specifically, it involves first forming a mixture of Oxo alcohols via an Oxo synthesis reaction using a mixture of polymeric olefinic hydrocarbons containing mostly C12 to C18 olefins. This is then contacted with excess formaldehyde in the presence of an acid catalyst to form a residue with lubricating oil characteristics after removing more volatile components.
This document describes a door structure for selectively opening and closing the interior of a shovel. The door is carried by two hinge bars that are pivotally mounted on the shovel. The door is secured to the hinge bars through paired yokes attached to the door. Each pair of yokes receives a hinge bar and aligned openings allow for a wedge block to pass through and secure the door to the hinge bars. The wedge block locks the door in position on the hinge bars in a single operation.
This patent is for a self-supporting tent comprising a framework of interconnected tubular members that can be assembled and disassembled easily. The tent has a cuboid shape with detachable walls and supports itself without the need for external anchoring. Key features include threaded pins that connect the transverse and vertical/longitudinal frame members, and wire ropes fastened to the edges of the tent covering which are secured within the tubular frame when assembled.
This document describes improvements to machines for broadcasting seeds, fertilizers, and other granular materials. It includes means to vary the distribution of materials in three ways: 1) by adjusting an outlet from the hopper to confine distribution to an arc and vary its spread, 2) by adjusting the outlet angularly to vary the direction of the arc, and 3) by adjusting a masking plate to vary the length of the outlet arc and thereby control the rate of distribution. These adjustments allow for variations in materials and machine operating conditions.
1) The document describes a packaging machine that inserts soft products like rubber goods into envelopes. It does this by first inserting the product into a flattened tube, then inserting the end of the tube containing the product into an open envelope.
2) A gripping device then presses on the part of the product protruding from the tube to hold it in place as the tube is withdrawn.
3) The machine uses a rotating spider arm mechanism to position flattened tubes containing products above open envelopes on a rotating turntable, transferring the products into the envelopes as the tubes are inserted and withdrawn.
This document describes improvements to textile ring spinning machines. It discusses prior art machines and limitations around friction and speed. The invention aims to allow for higher speeds by reducing friction through various means, including driving the spinning ring with an electric motor and using magnetic bearings on the spindle. Diagrams are provided to illustrate the invention, showing the arrangement of motors, magnetic components, and other elements.
This document summarizes a patent for an apparatus that stores digital data on a moving magnetic medium. It allows for simultaneously reading stored data from a cell on the medium and overriding it by writing new data to the same cell. This is accomplished by using timing impulses to select cells for reading and writing, with the reading gate occurring slightly before the writing gate. This allows time to determine if the cell contents need to be changed based on the read data and other inputs, before overriding the data during the writing gate. The document describes the technical details and diagrams of how this simultaneous read/write process is implemented on the magnetic medium.
This document describes a patent for a soap holder and applicator. The soap holder is made of a flexible material shaped like a soap cake with a slit that can be opened by squeezing to insert pieces of used soap. Part of the wall has a criss-cross lattice formation to expose the soap and allow direct contact between the soap and skin during use. When squeezed, the two halves of the holder separate to form an opening for inserting soap pieces.
This document provides details on patent GB780046 (A) which relates to a process for preparing lubricating compounds of the formal type. Specifically, it involves first forming a mixture of Oxo alcohols via an Oxo synthesis reaction using a mixture of polymeric olefinic hydrocarbons containing mostly C12 to C18 olefins. This is then contacted with excess formaldehyde in the presence of an acid catalyst to form a residue with lubricating oil characteristics after removing more volatile components.
This document describes a patent application filed in 1954 for improvements to cobalt-iron-chromium alloys. The alloys contain 45-70% cobalt, 15-22% chromium, 2-6% tungsten and molybdenum each, and 1-6% niobium and/or tantalum. Adding larger amounts of carbon, carbide-forming elements, and other strengtheners improves the heat-resisting properties of the alloys. The alloys are solution treated at 1150-1300°C and may be further improved with warm working at 500-900°C. Several example alloy compositions and their properties such as corrosion resistance are provided.
This document describes a 1957 British patent for an anti-skid control device for fluid pressure brakes used in aircraft. The device uses a rotary inertia element and valve system to sense wheel skidding and automatically reduce brake fluid pressure to prevent skidding, while maintaining braking force. It aims to maximize braking torque without skidding by varying the time to sense skid recovery based on wheel acceleration rates and controlling brake pressure buildup during recovery. The device was an improvement over prior anti-skid systems that would fully release the brakes until the wheel resumed non-slip speed.
The document summarizes an improved nail packing machine that comprises a series of vibrating feeder chutes to efficiently pack nails into cases. An intermediate chute weighs the amount of nails received and interrupts the vibrator on the hopper chute if too many nails are received, allowing the intermediate chute to unload before restoring to normal operation. The machine also includes a vibratory table to further settle the nails into the cases without empty spaces.
This patent document describes a combustion process for internal combustion engines that features:
1) A subdivided combustion chamber, such as a pre-combustion chamber or turbulence chamber.
2) Combustion air is caused to rotate in the chamber and fuel is injected into the rotating air.
3) The temperature of the chamber wall is automatically controlled based on engine operating conditions to optimize combustion.
This document describes a water softening device that uses ion exchange to soften water from mains before it reaches domestic or industrial premises. It contains a cartridge holding the ion exchange medium that is detachably mounted to a frame. The frame can be fixed to a wall. Water enters the bottom of the cartridge, passes through the ion exchange medium, and exits the top, now softened. The cartridge design makes the water softener inexpensive enough to use with water heaters.
1) The document describes an electronic switching unit comprising two tubes (Bla and Bib) that can alternately conduct or not conduct based on the control grid voltage of the first tube (Bla).
2) The switching unit uses voltage dividers to regenerate the amplitude of the applied switching potential and output nominal and inverted values of the potential at its terminals.
3) By applying multiple switching units in series and connecting their reference potentials, only one voltage source is needed to power the circuit.
This document describes patent GB780002 (A) for an electronic switching circuit arrangement. It includes a detailed description of the circuit components, including a central conductor, rectifiers, resistors and switching units. The circuit allows for rectifiers to act as either controlling or controlled components depending on how they are connected between relay circuits. Figures 1 and 2 illustrate example circuit configurations. The switching circuit can be used in applications like code converters to convert between binary input signals and converted output codes.
This document describes a 1957 British patent for an anti-skid control device for fluid pressure brakes used in aircraft. The device uses a rotary inertia element and valve system to sense wheel skidding and automatically reduce brake fluid pressure to prevent skidding, while maintaining braking force. It aims to maximize braking torque without skidding by varying the time to sense skid recovery based on wheel acceleration rates and controlling brake pressure buildup during recovery. The device was an improvement over prior anti-skid systems which would fully release the brakes until the wheel resumed non-slip speed, resulting in greater stopping distances.
The document describes an improved copper-aluminum alloy containing 5.5-8% aluminum, 1-2% cobalt, and 2-6% nickel (replaceable by manganese). The alloy exhibits high resistance to creep at temperatures up to 500°C and good mechanical properties at ordinary temperatures due to precipitation hardening. Preferred proportions are 7% aluminum, 1.5% cobalt, and 4% nickel. Samples of the alloy with this composition demonstrated tensile strengths up to 65 tons/in2, elongations up to 10%, and creep rupture lives over 1000 hours at loads up to 4 tons/in2 when given appropriate heat treatments.
This document describes a patent application for improvements to regulating systems for dynamo-electric machines. Specifically, it describes a system that incorporates means to automatically prevent reduction of generator excitation below the stability limit. The system includes an automatic voltage regulator and overriding control means that prevent excitation from falling below a value determined by the magnitude of the generator load current.
1) The document describes improvements relating to electrical storage apparatus, specifically storage systems for numerical data in binary form using an array of double base transistors.
2) A double base transistor has two base electrodes with a trigger electrode and collector electrode in between. Applying a bias voltage between the base electrodes and a trigger voltage to the trigger electrode can trigger the transistor to store data.
3) The transistors can be arranged in a matrix with rows and columns connected to busbars. Applying trigger pulses simultaneously to a row and column can selectively trigger a transistor at that intersection to store a 1, while other transistors remain off and store a 0. Stored data can then be read out without erasing it.
This document describes a preparation and process for permanently changing the shape of hair, such as imparting a permanent wave, using a reducing solution containing a mercaptan (such as thioglycollic acid), a sulphite, and formamide or a substituted formamide (such as urea). Applying the solution to hair wrapped in curlers and heating it to 40-60°C (tepid waving) allows the concentration of mercaptan to be substantially reduced compared to conventional preparations while still effectively changing the hair shape. The preparation pH is preferably 9-10 and concentrations of ingredients like mercaptan, sulphite and formamide or substitute are provided.
This document describes a patent filing from 1957 for an improved clamping device. The device comprises two bifurcated members that can be secured together in different relative positions using a connecting screw. One member has a strip or rail that prevents relative rotation when the two members are secured together. The arrangement allows a shelf or panel to be firmly supported in any of several selected positions relative to a support.
This document provides a summary of GB780031 (A), which describes a process for manufacturing acid amide derivatives of azo-compounds. Specifically, it involves condensing an amine containing at least two reactive amino groups with a carboxylic acid halide from an azo compound, where the azo compound contains a carboxylic acid ester group next to the azo linkage. The starting materials used do not contain groups that impart water solubility. A variety of diamine and azo compounds are described that can be used in this process.
This document describes improvements to display stands. It details an adjustable display stand that allows shelves to be easily adjusted in height along inclined support rods for an attractive presentation of articles. The shelves lock in place without additional securing devices due to cantilever action from their weight. The stand provides stability without being cumbersome through its main structure of a base and two rear-inclining support rods that shelves with openings can be adjusted along. Alternative shelf mounting arrangements and modifications to the stand design are also described.
This document describes an improved tank gauging apparatus. It consists of a housing mounted on a storage tank containing a reel, gauging tape, and weight. The reel is automatically arrested when the weight stops descending to prevent false readings from tape slack. This is accomplished through a braking mechanism activated by tension in the tape. The apparatus allows the reel to arrest without suddenly stopping the operating crank, reducing wear. It also includes a window and door for accessing the interior of the housing.
The document describes an improved taper gauge device for measuring the angle of taper of circular or rectangular workpieces. The gauge comprises two plates that overlap and slide in relation to each other. The plates have slots and a pivot mechanism including a pinion that allows the plates to move inward/outward and rotate while maintaining symmetrical alignment. Micrometer surfaces on the plates allow the taper angle to be determined by the difference in micrometer readings. The gauge provides an accurate and adjustable way to measure taper.
The document describes an improved taper gauge device for measuring the angle of taper of circular or rectangular workpieces. The gauge comprises two plates that overlap and slide in relation to each other. The plates have slots and a pivot mechanism including a pinion that allows the plates to move inward/outward and rotate while maintaining symmetrical alignment. Micrometer surfaces on the plates allow the taper angle to be determined by the difference in micrometer readings. The gauge provides an accurate and adjustable way to measure taper.
This document describes a patent for a clutch mechanism for driving textile spinning or twisting spindles. The clutch allows reliable operation of the spindle even with large cop weights or varying speeds without significant changes to the spinning machine. The clutch comprises two clutch members on the same driven shaft that can move axially to engage and disengage. One member rotates with the shaft while the other connects to the spindle. The members have both positive-drive teeth and friction surfaces arranged so that friction engages before the teeth, allowing shock-free starting and braking when disengaged.
This document describes a patent for a method of creating "sun-ray" pleats in triangular pieces of fabric. The method involves passing the fabric between a pair of heated conical rollers that are engraved with grooves. The grooves gradually decrease in width and depth from the large to small end of the rollers. This causes the speed of the fabric to vary as it passes through, resulting in pleats that diverge like spokes on a wheel. The rollers can pleat cellulosic or thermoplastic fabrics to create durable sun-ray pleating.
This document provides a detailed description of a gearbox patent with the following key points:
1) The gearbox uses a system of five superimposed shifting elements (grids) equal to the number of speeds plus one for neutral, which can be selectively moved to engage different gears.
2) It includes a preselecting member (ring) that can engage one of the shifting elements to preselect a gear or set the gearbox to neutral.
3) Operating means (spindle and lever) allow moving the preselecting member to engage different shifting elements, selecting the desired gear or neutral position.
This document describes a plug valve patent from 1957. It includes:
1) A plug valve with a valve member mounted on a stem for axial and rotational movement, and an operating member connected to actuating mechanisms.
2) The actuating mechanisms include cam elements that move the stem axially in one direction, then the opposite direction, upon a predetermined rotational movement of the operating member.
3) Additional components like a housing, lever arms, and interengaging parts precisely coordinate the axial and rotational movements of the valve stem to open, rotate, and reseat the plug valve.
This document describes a patent application filed in 1954 for improvements to cobalt-iron-chromium alloys. The alloys contain 45-70% cobalt, 15-22% chromium, 2-6% tungsten and molybdenum each, and 1-6% niobium and/or tantalum. Adding larger amounts of carbon, carbide-forming elements, and other strengtheners improves the heat-resisting properties of the alloys. The alloys are solution treated at 1150-1300°C and may be further improved with warm working at 500-900°C. Several example alloy compositions and their properties such as corrosion resistance are provided.
This document describes a 1957 British patent for an anti-skid control device for fluid pressure brakes used in aircraft. The device uses a rotary inertia element and valve system to sense wheel skidding and automatically reduce brake fluid pressure to prevent skidding, while maintaining braking force. It aims to maximize braking torque without skidding by varying the time to sense skid recovery based on wheel acceleration rates and controlling brake pressure buildup during recovery. The device was an improvement over prior anti-skid systems that would fully release the brakes until the wheel resumed non-slip speed.
The document summarizes an improved nail packing machine that comprises a series of vibrating feeder chutes to efficiently pack nails into cases. An intermediate chute weighs the amount of nails received and interrupts the vibrator on the hopper chute if too many nails are received, allowing the intermediate chute to unload before restoring to normal operation. The machine also includes a vibratory table to further settle the nails into the cases without empty spaces.
This patent document describes a combustion process for internal combustion engines that features:
1) A subdivided combustion chamber, such as a pre-combustion chamber or turbulence chamber.
2) Combustion air is caused to rotate in the chamber and fuel is injected into the rotating air.
3) The temperature of the chamber wall is automatically controlled based on engine operating conditions to optimize combustion.
This document describes a water softening device that uses ion exchange to soften water from mains before it reaches domestic or industrial premises. It contains a cartridge holding the ion exchange medium that is detachably mounted to a frame. The frame can be fixed to a wall. Water enters the bottom of the cartridge, passes through the ion exchange medium, and exits the top, now softened. The cartridge design makes the water softener inexpensive enough to use with water heaters.
1) The document describes an electronic switching unit comprising two tubes (Bla and Bib) that can alternately conduct or not conduct based on the control grid voltage of the first tube (Bla).
2) The switching unit uses voltage dividers to regenerate the amplitude of the applied switching potential and output nominal and inverted values of the potential at its terminals.
3) By applying multiple switching units in series and connecting their reference potentials, only one voltage source is needed to power the circuit.
This document describes patent GB780002 (A) for an electronic switching circuit arrangement. It includes a detailed description of the circuit components, including a central conductor, rectifiers, resistors and switching units. The circuit allows for rectifiers to act as either controlling or controlled components depending on how they are connected between relay circuits. Figures 1 and 2 illustrate example circuit configurations. The switching circuit can be used in applications like code converters to convert between binary input signals and converted output codes.
This document describes a 1957 British patent for an anti-skid control device for fluid pressure brakes used in aircraft. The device uses a rotary inertia element and valve system to sense wheel skidding and automatically reduce brake fluid pressure to prevent skidding, while maintaining braking force. It aims to maximize braking torque without skidding by varying the time to sense skid recovery based on wheel acceleration rates and controlling brake pressure buildup during recovery. The device was an improvement over prior anti-skid systems which would fully release the brakes until the wheel resumed non-slip speed, resulting in greater stopping distances.
The document describes an improved copper-aluminum alloy containing 5.5-8% aluminum, 1-2% cobalt, and 2-6% nickel (replaceable by manganese). The alloy exhibits high resistance to creep at temperatures up to 500°C and good mechanical properties at ordinary temperatures due to precipitation hardening. Preferred proportions are 7% aluminum, 1.5% cobalt, and 4% nickel. Samples of the alloy with this composition demonstrated tensile strengths up to 65 tons/in2, elongations up to 10%, and creep rupture lives over 1000 hours at loads up to 4 tons/in2 when given appropriate heat treatments.
This document describes a patent application for improvements to regulating systems for dynamo-electric machines. Specifically, it describes a system that incorporates means to automatically prevent reduction of generator excitation below the stability limit. The system includes an automatic voltage regulator and overriding control means that prevent excitation from falling below a value determined by the magnitude of the generator load current.
1) The document describes improvements relating to electrical storage apparatus, specifically storage systems for numerical data in binary form using an array of double base transistors.
2) A double base transistor has two base electrodes with a trigger electrode and collector electrode in between. Applying a bias voltage between the base electrodes and a trigger voltage to the trigger electrode can trigger the transistor to store data.
3) The transistors can be arranged in a matrix with rows and columns connected to busbars. Applying trigger pulses simultaneously to a row and column can selectively trigger a transistor at that intersection to store a 1, while other transistors remain off and store a 0. Stored data can then be read out without erasing it.
This document describes a preparation and process for permanently changing the shape of hair, such as imparting a permanent wave, using a reducing solution containing a mercaptan (such as thioglycollic acid), a sulphite, and formamide or a substituted formamide (such as urea). Applying the solution to hair wrapped in curlers and heating it to 40-60°C (tepid waving) allows the concentration of mercaptan to be substantially reduced compared to conventional preparations while still effectively changing the hair shape. The preparation pH is preferably 9-10 and concentrations of ingredients like mercaptan, sulphite and formamide or substitute are provided.
This document describes a patent filing from 1957 for an improved clamping device. The device comprises two bifurcated members that can be secured together in different relative positions using a connecting screw. One member has a strip or rail that prevents relative rotation when the two members are secured together. The arrangement allows a shelf or panel to be firmly supported in any of several selected positions relative to a support.
This document provides a summary of GB780031 (A), which describes a process for manufacturing acid amide derivatives of azo-compounds. Specifically, it involves condensing an amine containing at least two reactive amino groups with a carboxylic acid halide from an azo compound, where the azo compound contains a carboxylic acid ester group next to the azo linkage. The starting materials used do not contain groups that impart water solubility. A variety of diamine and azo compounds are described that can be used in this process.
This document describes improvements to display stands. It details an adjustable display stand that allows shelves to be easily adjusted in height along inclined support rods for an attractive presentation of articles. The shelves lock in place without additional securing devices due to cantilever action from their weight. The stand provides stability without being cumbersome through its main structure of a base and two rear-inclining support rods that shelves with openings can be adjusted along. Alternative shelf mounting arrangements and modifications to the stand design are also described.
This document describes an improved tank gauging apparatus. It consists of a housing mounted on a storage tank containing a reel, gauging tape, and weight. The reel is automatically arrested when the weight stops descending to prevent false readings from tape slack. This is accomplished through a braking mechanism activated by tension in the tape. The apparatus allows the reel to arrest without suddenly stopping the operating crank, reducing wear. It also includes a window and door for accessing the interior of the housing.
The document describes an improved taper gauge device for measuring the angle of taper of circular or rectangular workpieces. The gauge comprises two plates that overlap and slide in relation to each other. The plates have slots and a pivot mechanism including a pinion that allows the plates to move inward/outward and rotate while maintaining symmetrical alignment. Micrometer surfaces on the plates allow the taper angle to be determined by the difference in micrometer readings. The gauge provides an accurate and adjustable way to measure taper.
The document describes an improved taper gauge device for measuring the angle of taper of circular or rectangular workpieces. The gauge comprises two plates that overlap and slide in relation to each other. The plates have slots and a pivot mechanism including a pinion that allows the plates to move inward/outward and rotate while maintaining symmetrical alignment. Micrometer surfaces on the plates allow the taper angle to be determined by the difference in micrometer readings. The gauge provides an accurate and adjustable way to measure taper.
This document describes a patent for a clutch mechanism for driving textile spinning or twisting spindles. The clutch allows reliable operation of the spindle even with large cop weights or varying speeds without significant changes to the spinning machine. The clutch comprises two clutch members on the same driven shaft that can move axially to engage and disengage. One member rotates with the shaft while the other connects to the spindle. The members have both positive-drive teeth and friction surfaces arranged so that friction engages before the teeth, allowing shock-free starting and braking when disengaged.
This document describes a patent for a method of creating "sun-ray" pleats in triangular pieces of fabric. The method involves passing the fabric between a pair of heated conical rollers that are engraved with grooves. The grooves gradually decrease in width and depth from the large to small end of the rollers. This causes the speed of the fabric to vary as it passes through, resulting in pleats that diverge like spokes on a wheel. The rollers can pleat cellulosic or thermoplastic fabrics to create durable sun-ray pleating.
This document provides a detailed description of a gearbox patent with the following key points:
1) The gearbox uses a system of five superimposed shifting elements (grids) equal to the number of speeds plus one for neutral, which can be selectively moved to engage different gears.
2) It includes a preselecting member (ring) that can engage one of the shifting elements to preselect a gear or set the gearbox to neutral.
3) Operating means (spindle and lever) allow moving the preselecting member to engage different shifting elements, selecting the desired gear or neutral position.
This document describes a plug valve patent from 1957. It includes:
1) A plug valve with a valve member mounted on a stem for axial and rotational movement, and an operating member connected to actuating mechanisms.
2) The actuating mechanisms include cam elements that move the stem axially in one direction, then the opposite direction, upon a predetermined rotational movement of the operating member.
3) Additional components like a housing, lever arms, and interengaging parts precisely coordinate the axial and rotational movements of the valve stem to open, rotate, and reseat the plug valve.
This document describes improvements to ambulance seating that allows the seats to be converted into stretchers. The key improvements are:
1) The seat backrests can swivel horizontally to close gaps between seats, allowing the seats and backrests to lie flat and form a continuous surface.
2) The seats have vertically adjustable side guard rails that can be lowered to allow patients to sit or raised to prevent patients from falling off when lying down.
3) The end seat can extend and lock into place, continuing the surface formed by the lying down seats and backrests to form a longer stretcher.
This document is a patent from 1957 describing an improvement to collapsible leg brackets for tables, trays, and chairs. The bracket incorporates flanges on both sides of the pivot axis to hold the leg in either an erect or collapsed position. One flange has a slightly inclined edge that allows the leg to clear the flange and snap into the erect position under gravity as the tray is raised, without needing manual manipulation of the leg. This automatic erection of the leg is enabled by resilient loading or biasing of the leg pairs outwardly.
This document is a patent from 1957 describing an improvement to collapsible leg brackets for tables, trays, and chairs. The bracket incorporates flanges on both sides of the pivot axis to hold the leg in either an erect or collapsed position. One flange has an inclined edge that allows the leg to displace inward under resilient loading as it moves to the erect position, clearing the flange without manual manipulation. When the tray is placed face up, the legs will swing into the erect position under gravity. The bracket allows the legs to automatically collapse and extend without needing to be manually moved along the pivot axis.
This document describes a process for producing condensation products by reacting polyalkylene oxides or their derivatives with polybasic carboxylic acids. The polyalkylene oxides must have a molecular weight over 1000 and contain both a lipophilic group and a free hydroxyl group. The polybasic carboxylic acids must contain at least three carboxyl groups and a lipophilic group. The resulting condensation products can be water-soluble or water-insoluble and are suitable for use as dispersing, emulsifying, thickening agents and in other applications.
This document describes British patent GB786154 (A) filed on November 13, 1957 regarding improvements to electric switch operating mechanisms. It involves a simplified construction using only three parts - an actuating member connected to an external operating part like a cord, a spring to return the actuating member to its original position, and a swinging link connecting the actuating member to a pivoting operating member or "dolly". The swinging link transfers the linear motion of the actuating member to reciprocating swinging movements of the dolly to operate the switch contacts.
This document describes British patent GB786154 (A) filed on November 13, 1957 regarding improvements to electric switch operating mechanisms. It involves a simplified construction using only three parts - an actuating member connected to an external operating device like a cord, a spring to return the actuating member to its original position, and a swinging link connecting the actuating member to a pivoting operating member/dolly. The swinging link transfers the linear motion of the actuating member to reciprocating swinging movements of the dolly to operate the switch contacts.
This document describes a patent for a method of controlling the rate of oxidation in an autogenetic oxidation process. The key aspects of the control method are: (1) leading at least part of the effluent from the oxidation reactor in a heat exchange with the influent liquor to heat and concentrate the influent, (2) maintaining a minimum temperature of around 3000 British Thermal Units per gallon for the influent liquor entering the reactor to sustain the reaction. The heat exchange concentrates the influent liquor through evaporation without causing excessive heating that could lead to "gunking" or solidification of the flowing liquor.
1) Adolph W. Berkner of Cayuga, North Dakota invented an improved elevator bucket design.
2) Berkner's elevator bucket has a yieldingly supported bottom plate that can open under excessive weight to prevent overloading, and automatically closes when the weight reaches a predetermined amount to deliver accurate amounts.
3) The bottom plate is flexibly supported by a leather or metal strip attached to the top edge and backed by a metal strip, and is held closed by an arcuate leaf spring.
The document describes improvements to hub pullers, which are tools used to remove wheel hubs from axles. It discloses a hub puller design with a body portion, threaded thrust member, and pivotally mounted arms with ring-like stud-engaging ends. The ring-like ends receive adapter rings of different diameters to engage wheel hub studs of varying sizes. This ensures the rings are concentric with the studs during use, avoiding lateral forces that could damage the studs.
This document describes improvements relating to forming ductile parts. Specifically, it describes using an articulated die held against the part by a templet to form parts of different curvatures using the same die by changing the templet. The articulated die allows the die surface to flex and conform to the part, enabling a variety of part shapes to be formed with one die set rather than requiring a separate die for each shape. The method can be used for both stretch forming and press forming processes.
This document describes improvements relating to forming ductile parts. Specifically, it describes using an articulated die held against the part by a templet to form parts of different curvatures using the same die by changing the templet. The articulated die allows the die surface to flex and conform to the part, enabling a variety of part shapes to be formed with one die set rather than requiring a separate rigid die for each shape. Examples of applying this technique to stretch forming and press forming processes are provided.
This document discusses different methods of suspension used to support parts of the body during movement or exercise. It describes various types of fixed points, ropes, slings, and clips that can be used. Key methods discussed include vertical fixation to limit movement around a central point and axial fixation to allow pure angular movements around a joint by attaching all ropes to a single point directly above the joint. Examples are provided of suspending the lower extremity to isolate hip abduction and adduction movements.
This document describes a travelling wave tube comprising a ceramic envelope bonded to ceramic discs at each end, with a helix inside. It includes coaxial input/output feeders external to the envelope. Dielectric-loaded stripline impedance transformers couple each end of the helix to the respective feeder. The couplings are formed by a ground plane on the disc joined to the feeder outer conductor, and a radial conducting strip bonded to the disc inner face connected to the helix and feeder inner conductor.
This document describes a patent for a novel looped pile fabric and method of making it. The fabric is woven flat on a simple loom with heat-shrinkable yarns running in one direction and other yarns crossing perpendicularly. Soft lofty yarns are floated over the crossing yarns to form piles. When heat-treated, the shrinkable yarns contract and draw the pile yarns together to form dense upright loops on the surface. The opposite side can then be coated to anchor the piles. This allows inexpensive production of looped pile fabrics on simple looms.
This document is a patent application for improvements to domestic firegrates. It describes a firegrate with a chamber below the oven and a baffle located at the front of the chamber. The baffle extends upward from the firegrate to form a passage below the oven, drawing some combustion gases downward and upward through the chamber and passage to heat the oven. The baffle may include flanges to direct gases and support a firebrick facing the chamber. This design improves oven heating over previous domestic firegrates.
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This document describes improvements to reflex klystrons. It discloses a reflex klystron design that avoids the formation of a virtual cathode in the reflector space by ensuring the ratio of the reflector surface area to the cathode surface area is more than twice the ratio of the length of the retarding path in front of the reflector to the length of the acceleration path in front of the cathode. The klystron is suitable for modulation purposes due to its relatively large bandwidth.
This document describes improvements to heat exchanger tubes made of thin-walled aluminum or light alloy. It discusses two improved modes of manufacturing the tubes. The first involves forming a strip into a tube shape with the longitudinal edges turned inward and joined. The second involves forming a tube from two complementary strips with abutting longitudinal edges joined. Both methods involve coating the strips with brazing filler and brazing the joined edges.
The document describes an improved can packing mechanism for textile drawing frames. The mechanism uses vertical cylinders attached to the base of the machine, each containing a slidable rod connected to a chain. The rod carries a head that packs sliver into cans. The chains are connected to wheels on a shaft that is oscillated back and forth, causing the rods and heads to move up and down in a tramping motion to pack the sliver. This mechanism eliminates extending levers and allows for close spacing of the cans. Diagrams show two embodiments using springs or weights to assist the up and down motion of the rods and heads.
This document describes a process for stabilizing textile materials against shrinkage during laundering by treating cellulosic materials with non-volatile acetals of monoaldehydes and dialdehydes containing up to eight carbon atoms, and heating the treated material in the presence of an acidic catalyst and curing at over 121°C. Specific examples are provided of treating fabrics like viscose with acetals then evaluating them for shrinkage after multiple washes. The treatment is said to impart shrink resistance with minimal discoloration and retention of strength and handle.
This document describes improvements to ion traps in cathode-ray tubes. Specifically, it describes a cathode-ray tube design where the axis of the tubular anode adjacent to the cathode is not coaxial with but intersects the common axis of preceding electrodes. This allows the ion trap to operate satisfactorily while avoiding disadvantages of prior designs that required the anode to have a coaxial part. The new design allows for a shorter overall electrode system length compared to prior bent anode designs.
This document describes a patent for improvements in the production of molds and cores. Specifically, it involves a process where a mixture of sand and gas-hardenable binder is blown into a mold or core box. A gaseous hardening agent is then applied to the mixture as it enters the mold box. This allows the molds and cores to be formed and hardened rapidly. The document provides detailed descriptions of the process and apparatus used, including the use of a venturi tube-shaped orifice in the blowing plate to control where the hardening agent is introduced.
This document describes an apparatus for measuring high rotational speeds ranging from 2500 to 30000 RPM. The apparatus uses a cathode ray oscilloscope connected to an electromagnetic impulse generator attached to the rotating member. This causes the spot on the oscilloscope to move in a circular pattern proportional to the rotational speed. Timing circuits switch the spot on to create a short spiral trace indicating the broad speed range, then off. After a delay, the spot is switched on briefly to create a dot, indicating the precise speed within the range.
This document is a patent application from 1957 relating to locker and cupboard door fastenings. It describes a three-point locking mechanism that locks the door at the top, bottom, and side for increased security. The mechanism includes a lever that projects from the side of the door and upper and lower bolt members connected to the lever that project from the top and bottom when the lever is engaged. One of the bolt members has an abutment that can be locked in place by a lock to secure all three points.
This document describes a lubricant composition for aviation gas turbine engines. The composition includes a blend of dinonyl sebacate and di-2-ethyl hexyl sebacate as the major components. It also includes a complex ester in the amount of 10-30% by volume to increase viscosity and improve high temperature performance. Additionally, it contains an oxygen-containing polymer such as polyacrylate in the amount of 20% by weight to further improve properties.
This document describes a flux composition for soldering metals like aluminum that comprises a zinc chloride complex salt of a pyrazoline hydrohalide and a nitrogen salt component. The flux composition has advantages for production line soldering as it can be used in an inexpensive, non-flammable aqueous solution without hydrolysis or oxide formation issues seen in other fluxes. The document provides details on preparing the complex salt and flux, and examples demonstrating its effectiveness in soldering aluminum.
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This document summarizes a patent for an apparatus that stores digital data on a moving magnetic medium. It allows for simultaneously reading stored data from a cell on the magnetic medium and overriding it by writing new data to that same cell. This is accomplished by using timing impulses to select cells for reading and writing, with the reading gate impulse occurring just before the writing gate impulse. This provides time to determine what new data should be written based on the read data and other inputs. The document describes the technical details and diagrams of how this works.
This document describes improvements to methods and apparatuses for filling large collapsible shipping containers. Specifically, it describes pressurizing the container before filling to expand it fully, then filling it while maintaining pressure. This ensures utilization of the container's full capacity. The document provides detailed descriptions and drawings of various apparatuses that can pressurize and fill the container through separate or same openings, including features like telescoping filling tubes and screw conveyors to direct filling material.
The document summarizes an improved nail packing machine that comprises a series of vibrating feeder chutes to efficiently pack nails into cases. An intermediate chute weighs the amount of nails received and interrupts the vibrator on the hopper chute if too many nails are received, allowing the intermediate chute to unload before restoring to normal operation. The machine also includes a vibratory table to further settle the nails into the cases without empty spaces.
This document describes patent GB780026 (A) filed in 1957 regarding improvements to rotary pumps, compressors, and engines. It includes a rotor with blades that form conveyor chambers and an abutment slide that separates the suction and pressure sides. The blades curve forward in the direction of rotation to fully fill the chambers and prevent ejection of the medium. The abutment slide has a cylindrical packing part that follows the sharp blade tips for improved efficiency. The abutment slide is controlled via a crank to match the rotor profile for various applications including high speed operation.
This document describes GB780027 (A), which relates to a new group of compounds called 3-piperidyl ethers and thioethers. These compounds have desirable therapeutic properties, particularly oxytocic activity and selectivity of action upon the in situ uterus without undesirable side effects. The document provides the general chemical formula for these compounds and examples of their synthesis, including by reacting piperidinols with aralkyl halides. Therapeutic uses including preventing or treating postpartum hemorrhage are also described.
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1. * GB780015 (A)
Description: GB780015 (A) ? 1957-07-31
Improvements in animal holding means and the like
Description of GB780015 (A)
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION impi-ovementa in anilKal Molding Means and the
like
I, JOHN CLEDWYNTHOMAS, a British subject, of The Smithy, Bryngwran,
Holyhead, AngLesey, do hereby declare the invention, for which I pray
that a patent may be granted to me, and the method by which it is to
be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to a means for holding cattle and other animals
for various purposes, and is concerned with the provision of a device
which is simple and rapid in operation, is relatively inexpensive, is
easily accessible by the cattle without giving cause for fright, is
relatively noiseless in operation3 and is so constructed as not to
injure the cattle.
The improved holding means may be incorporated in a pen or the like3
portable or otherwise, or in a building, say as an addition to an
existing Structure3 or it may be erected alone without being
associated with any other structure, according to the particular uses
to which it is to be put. Among other things, the invention may be
adopted at grading centres, or on farms and similar places for holding
strong cattle whilst being inspected and/or marked, it may be adopted
for holding cattle during examination and treatment by a veteri- nary
surgeon or other examiner, and for holding cattle whilst being
drenched with medicines, or prepared for showing. Many other like uses
will suggest themselves to persons dealing with live animals.
According to the invention, a pair of side elms is provided both
movable between outer and inner positions, said side arms being shaped
so as, when at the inner position, to embrace the neck of the animal,
but when at the outer position to leave a wide open space through
which the animal can pass its head easily without having cause for
fright, and the said side arms are pivotally mounted at their lower
2. ends and are given a simultaneous sideways movement by contact with a
pivotally mounted operating lever. The said lever is preferably shaped
so as to engage the two side arms at different levels, to compensate
for their different distances from the fulcrum of the operating lever,
whereby the side arms have a symmetrical uniform movement towards and
away from each other. In some embodiments of the invention the
operating lever is held in the operative position by means of a
ratchet and pawl, but these are so arranged as not to come into mutual
engagement during the early part of the closing movement of the side
arms, so that the animal is not frightened by noise before being
imprisoned by the side arms.
Usually the improved means will be incorporated in a gate-like
structure which can be opened to allow the animal to pass when
released from the arms, say after inspection or treatment, and the
operating parts will be shielded from the animal by a suitable screen
or panel.
In some embodiments the invention provides a pen having at the front
end a gate incorporating a releasable tethering means as above
described, having a smaller gate at the rear without tethering means
and having in at least one side gates which may be opened to give
access to the body of the animal, the pen being provided with a floor
and, if necessary with means whereby it may be slung from a crane.
Alternatively the floor of the pen, or even the whole pen may comprise
parts of a weighing machine for the weighing of the cattle. The
improved pen may, if desired, be fitted with small wheels or rollers
whereby it may be moved from place to place, with or without means for
locking it against such movement when necessary.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of one form of the improved tethering
device incorporated in a gate ready for hanging on any suitable
support, and showing the animal-holding parts in the open position;
Fig. 2 is a similar view but showing the parts in the closed position;
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a complete pen incorporating the
invention;
Fig. 4 is a fragmentary perspective view to illustrate the
co-operation between the side arms and the said pivoted lever; and
Fig. 5 is a similar view of one form of lock ing means for holding
said parts in the closed position; and
Fig. 5 illustrates another form of such locking means.
Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, the improved animal-holding device
comprises a metal rectangular frame having tubular upright side
members 1, 2 and tubular top and bottom members 3, 4, one such side
member 2 having upper and lower hinge lugs 5 to engage suitable hinge
pins about which the frame may swing as a gate, and the other side
3. member 1 having a latching lug 6 to be engaged by pivoted latches on
an adjacent support, and thereby be held in the closed position or, if
two sets of latches are provided3 it can be held in both the closed
and the open positions. In addition to the upper and lower hinge lugs
S there may be an intermediate lug and instead of each lug resting on
a separate hinge pin there may be a single iong hinge bolt passing
through them all.
Pivotally mounted on the bottom tubular member 4 are the two movable
side arms 7, 8, these extending upwardly to the top member 3 of the
frame and passing behind an intermediate cross member 9 midway in the
height of the frame, this cross member 9 being offset at its ends so
as to leave a free space for the side arms 7, 8. Instead of only a
single intermediate cross member 9 on the outer side of the frame
trier may be two such members, as shown3 one on the outside and the
other on the inside of the frame, and one of these may be somewhat
higher than the other. The inner cross member 9 has its end parts
curved towards the side members 1 and 2, so as to leave adequate space
between the two cross bars for the arms 7 and 8, and such cross bars
may be braced together by a short strut at the centre.
The said movable side arms 7, 8 are also tubular and at the top and
bottom ends each has a pair of flat plates 1G wedded to it to form a
yoke or fork to fit over the adjacent top or bottom member (as the
case may be) of the frame, the plates 10 at the lower end being
transfixed by pivot bolts 11 passing through the bottom cross member
4, and those at the top end constituting guides slidable along the top
cross member 3.
The pivots of the movable side arms 7, 8 are relatively close together
and, with the said side members in the inner or dosed position, those
members are so shaped that, upwardly from the pivots they diverge
slightly, then converge towards each other where they pass the said
intermediate cross member, they are substantially parallel when they
would engage the animal's neS and, at the uppr end again converge
towards each other. The lower parts of the members 7, 8 determine
their pivotal movement as explained below, whilst the nipper parts
constitute the animal-retaining means.
Pivotally mounted on the hinged upright 2 of the frame is an operating
lever 12 having four lugs or collars 13 projecting from one face to
engage the respective sides of the two side arms 7, S where they
diverge from each other.
At the pivot end 12 of the operating lever 12, such lever is
voke-shaped to embrace the upright oy having a supplementary part 14
extending trom the pivot to the nearest of said four lugs 13. - e
lever 12 is bent so that the lugs 13 engaging the side arm 8 nearest
the pivot do so at a lower level than those engaging tue other side
4. StlIl 7 so as to ensure a symm.nFa*cal moveinent of the side arms.
At its free end the operating lever 12 carries a spring urged pawl 15
(see fig. 5) to engage ratchet teeth 16 on an arcuate member 16
secured in the lower part of the frame, said member 16 being centred
around the pivot of the operating lever 12 and having a stop piece 17
(Fig. 1) to limit the downward movement of the lever 12. The lever 12
carries an outstanding tlanile 18 adjacent to which is a trip lever 19
for releasing the pawl 15. The ratchet teeth 16 are provided in the
upper part only of rae arcuate member r 16, so that the pawl 15 is
silent during the first half of the closing movement.
The pawl 15 is of curved form, pivoted to the lever 12 at 15, and
urged into the teeth 16 by a spring 15 (see Fig. 5). It is retracted
by means of a separately pivoted trip member 20, having a part 20
extending behind the upper part of the pawl 15, said trip member 20
being carried by the before-mentioned trip lever 19 and being held
normally in a retracted position by the spring 21. For guiding the
pawl 15 there is a bracket 12" secured to the rear face of the lever
12.
In the modification shown in Fig. 5", the parts 20 and 20 are integral
and the spring 15" operates on the part 20-, which in turn is
connected by a spring to the pawl 15.
Those parts of the movable side arms 7, 8 which engage said collars 13
may be reinforced by having flat bars 22 positioned within them.
One of these is shown in Fig. 4. Also, if desired the said collars 13
may be provided with rollers to engage the side arms 7, 8, thereby
reducing friction.
On the inner face of the gate-like device, namely that which is
towards the animal being held, a sheet metal panel or shield 23 is
provided, extending from upright 1 to upright 2, and from the bottom
cross member 4 to the intermediate cross member 9.
In operation, with the actuating lever 12 ioR-:rsd, the uffiper parts
of the side arms 7, 8 lie against the respective uprights 1, 2, thus
providing a wide open substantially rectangular space or window
through which the animal will pass its head. Thereupon said lever 12
is raised, the four lugs 13 causing the side arms 7, 8 to come
together and imprison the animal, and the said arms 7. 8 are
eventually held in the inner position automatically by the ratchet 16
and pawl 15. To release the animal all that is necessary is to trip
the pawl by means of the trip lever 19 whereupon the lever 12 will
fall by its own weight and cause the arms 7, 8 to separate.
The gate as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 may be hung in any suitable
position, say in the doorway of a farm building or to a post in a yard
or field, or it may be included in a pen, iixed or movable. Fig. 3
shows such a pen which comprises end frames 24, 25, a centre frame 26,
5. a bottom or floor 27, which may be removable, and horizontal bracing
members 28 at the top and 29 at one side.
The gate-like tethering device is hung in the end frame 24, the other
end frame including a smaller gate or closure element 30. Also, in the
one side, not having the horizontal braces 29, there are two gates 31,
either or both of which may be opened to give access to the animal
held in the pen. The complete pen is easily transportable, with or
without an animal within it and may if desired be fitted with small
wheels or rollers at the bottom.
What I claim is : -
1. Means for holding an animal, for the purposes set forth, wherein a
pair of side arms is provided both movable between outer and inner
positions, said side arms being shaped so as, when at the inner
position, to embrace the neck of the animal, but when at the outer
position to leave a wide open space through which the animal can pass
its head easily without having cause for fright, and said side arms
being pivotally mounted at their lower ends and being given a
simultaneous sideways movement by contact with a pivotally mounted
operating lever.
2. Means according to Claim 1, wherein the said lever is shaped so as
to engage the two side arms at different levels, to compensate for
their different distances from the fulcrum of the operating lever,
whereby the side arms have a symmetrical uniform movement towards and
away from each other.
3. Means according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the operating lever is
held in the operative position by means of a ratchet and pawl, so
arranged as not to come into mutual engagement during the early part
of the closmg movement of the side arms.
4. Means according to any preceding claim incorporated in a gate.
5. Means according to any preceding claim wherein the operating parts
are shielded by a panel or the like on the side nearest the animal.
6. Means according to any preceding claim arranged as part of a pen or
the like.
7. Means according to Claim 1, constructed and adapted for use
substantially as in the example herein described and illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.
8. A pen for an animal, having a gate with animal-holding means as
herein claimed and substantially as herein described and illustrated.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Animal Holding Means and the like
I, JOHN CLEDWYNTHOMAS, a British subject, of The Smithy, Bryngwran,
Holyhead,
Anglesey, do hereby declare this invention to be described in the
following statement:
6. This invention relates to a means for holding cattle and other animals
for various purposes, and is concerned with the provision of a device
which is simple and rapid in operation, is relatively inexpensive, is
easily accessible by the cattle without giving cause for fright, is
relatively noiseless in operation, and is so constructed as not to
injure the cattle.
The improved holding means may be incorporated in a pen or the like,
or in a building, or may be erected alone without being associated
with any other structure, according to the particular uses to which it
is to be put. Among other things, the invention may be adopted at
grading centres, or on farms and similar places for holding strong
cattle whilst being inspected and/or marked, it may be adopted for
holding cattle during examination and treatment by a veterinary
surgeon or other examiner, and for holding cattle whilst being
drenched with medicines, or prepared for showing. Many other like uses
will suggest themselves to persons dealing with live animals.
According to the invention, a pair of side arms is provided lying
across upper and lower horizontal bars and both movable between outer
and inner positions, said side arms being shaped so as, when at the
inner position, to embrace the neck of the animal, but when at the
outer position to leave a wide open space through which the animal can
pass its head easily without having cause for fright.
According to a further feature of the invention, the said side arms
are pivotally mounted at their lower ends and are shaped to act as
cams for effecting their sideways movement by contact with a pivotally
mounted operating lever.
The said lever is shaped so as to engage the two side arms at
different levels, to compensate for their different distances from the
fulcrum of the operating lever, whereby the side arms have a
symmetrical uniform movement towards and away from each other. In some
embodiments of the invention the operating lever is held in the
operative position by means of a ratchet and pawl, but these are so
arranged as not to