6 Black Lives Matter The United States of America is the greatest nation on earth. It is a place where citizens are accorded their rights by a Constitution that seeks equality and fairness for all Americans in all the aspects of life. Everyone in the United States of America should understand that no single race or ethnic group should pride itself as the single race or ethnic group that can rightfully claim to be the primary owner the United States. The United States is blend of all the races available on earth and it is a country that embraces them all. No race‚ therefore‚ should feel it has more rights to the United States more than the others. If there is one race that should say that they belong to the United States it should be the Indigenous Indian people who were displaced by the English settlers when they came to the United States. All these other races have soon followed into the United States in search of opportunity. One needs to understand that every race or ethnic group in the United States has in one way or another contributed to the country that s the world’s superpower and the greatest country on earth‚ the United States. That is why the American Constitution protects each and every American citizen equally with no discrimination or bias. Every American regardless of race or ethnic affiliation is thus equally American and should not be discriminated upon in any way. It is important‚ however‚ to acknowledge the fact that this is not what is reflected in the current America. People of colour‚ and more importantly the African Americans are still facing discrimination in the American society. The criminal justice system‚ in particular‚ happens to be the main area were African Americans are discriminated against in terms of police shootings‚ arrests‚ and the sentences they receive on charges compared to their white counterparts. It is really sad that during the 21st century a great nation like the United States of America is still facing racial discrimination. We all need to come to terms with the fact that people of every race took part in the building of America to become what it is today. African Americans‚ thought they worked as slaves‚ contributed to the building of America. They even played a role in fighting the colonizers along with the First President of the United States‚ Abraham Lincoln‚ and thus should be treated with the respect they deserve‚ just as their white counterparts. Everyone should understand‚ especially the United States criminal justice system that black lives matter. It is a fact that African Americans have not been treated equal to the white people in the United States historically. In his speech‚ James acknowledges this fact by pointing out that it is important for black leaders to assert the fact that black lives matter due to the fact that black lives have been considered immaterial in the United States for far too long dating. He acknowledges that black lives have not been seen to matter as m ...

1. 6
Black Lives Matter
The United States of America is the greatest nation on earth. It
is a place where citizens are accorded their rights by a
Constitution that seeks equality and fairness for all Americans
in all the aspects of life. Everyone in the United States of
America should understand that no single race or ethnic group
should pride itself as the single race or ethnic group that can
rightfully claim to be the primary owner the United States.
The United States is blend of all the races available on earth
and it is a country that embraces them all. No race‚ therefore‚
should feel it has more rights to the United States more than the
others. If there is one race that should say that they belong to
the United States it should be the Indigenous Indian people who
were displaced by the English settlers when they came to the
United States. All these other races have soon followed into the
United States in search of opportunity.
One needs to understand that every race or ethnic group in the
United States has in one way or another contributed to the
country that s the world’s superpower and the greatest country
on earth‚ the United States. That is why the American
Constitution protects each and every American citizen equally
with no discrimination or bias. Every American regardless of
race or ethnic affiliation is thus equally American and should
not be discriminated upon in any way. It is important‚ however‚
to acknowledge the fact that this is not what is reflected in the
current America. People of colour‚ and more importantly the
African Americans are still facing discrimination in the
American society. The criminal justice system‚ in particular‚
happens to be the main area were African Americans are
discriminated against in terms of police shootings‚ arrests‚ and
the sentences they receive on charges compared to their white
counterparts.
It is really sad that during the 21st century a great nation like

2. the United States of America is still facing racial
discrimination. We all need to come to terms with the fact that
people of every race took part in the building of America to
become what it is today. African Americans‚ thought they
worked as slaves‚ contributed to the building of America. They
even played a role in fighting the colonizers along with the First
President of the United States‚ Abraham Lincoln‚ and thus
should be treated with the respect they deserve‚ just as their
white counterparts. Everyone should understand‚ especially the
United States criminal justice system that black lives matter.
It is a fact that African Americans have not been treated equal
to the white people in the United States historically. In his
speech‚ James acknowledges this fact by pointing out that it is
important for black leaders to assert the fact that black lives
matter due to the fact that black lives have been considered
immaterial in the United States for far too long dating. He
acknowledges that black lives have not been seen to matter as
much as the lives of other races.
According to Clapper‚ therefore‚ since black lives have been
considered not to matter as much as other lives by many
Americans‚ mainly of the white race‚ black leaders have the
responsibility to ensure that they make it clear to all those
people that black lives should equally matter as other lives
owing to the contributions that the African Americans have
made to the country.
Looking back at the building of the United States‚ one cannot
fail to see the contribution that the African Americans made.
Though they may not have contributed in a capacity of the
respected American people’s point of view‚ the contribution
that they made is reasonable significant for those people who
want to be true to the facts. In his speech‚ Clapper refers to the
former First Lady Michelle Obama‚ ad his reference helps to
bring out how black people contributed to the early stages of the
building of America.
He points out that the former first lady acknowledged that by
seeing her daughters in the country’s White House‚ she could

3. not help but get reminded of the hard work that black people‚
who were working by then as slaves‚ put in to build the white
house. Looking at this‚ one cannot help but realize that black
lives do really matter considering the fact that they played an
important role in building the single most important structure in
the United States‚ the White House‚ where the most powerful
man in the world and the President of the United States of
America resides.
Clapper uses several real life experiences try to show his
audience that black lives do really matter. In his speech‚ he
points out that there was a time when he and his family were
living at some highland in Japan he points out there was a black
dentist who happened to had gone to brunch where the army
officers and their wives‚ which included Clapper’s parents and
his sister‚ were all there. It thus happened that the dentist was
the only man in the room that was black‚ and because in he was
black sat by himself on the room’s perimeter.
The fact that the dentist sat alone in a corner in a room that was
filled with his fellow army lieutenant colonels and colonels is
enough proof to show that blacks were discriminated in the
army despite the fact that Harry Truman had already signed an
executive order that was aimed at desegregating the military
(Clapper,40). Despite the move‚ discrimination was still there
in the military. The lives of black officers were still considered
not to matter as the lives of the white officer counterparts.
Clapper further narrates in his speech that when his mother saw
the dentists seating alone in the corner‚ she went to him‚ took
his hand‚ and brought him to the table where his family was
seated. He and her sister were moved so that the dentists could
sit with them on the table. It is important to acknowledge here
that Clapper’s family was a white family‚ but his mother defied
the social disregard of the black people and felt for the dentist.
That is why she went to him and took him‚ by the hand‚ to their
family table.
The one shocking thing‚ though it was common at the time‚ is
that when his mother was doing all this‚ everyone in the room

4. stopped what they were doing to concentrate at her. The white
people in the room saw it as a deviant act since white people
were not expected to show any compassion or empathy towards
black people since black people were considered to matter at
all. It was this time that Clapper realized that black lives really
do matter. Looking at this example‚ it is clear that Clapper is
trying to arouse empathy in the audience using real lives
examples that he experienced as a young boy in order to arouse
the feeling that really makes them see that back lives do matter.
White privilege has a significant role to play in an American
society where black lives seem not to matter. It is important to
start by understanding the word “privilege.” Privilege refers to
a word that is constituted by two Latin words‚ which mean
private and law. Explaining it from the American society’s
perspective‚ privilege can be used to describe the American
criminal justice system that does not bind all the American
people equally. To make it even more clearly‚ if an African
American youth was to be arrested for graffiti‚ which would be
considered a felony in his case‚ the same would occur for the
case of a white college student who engages in the same activity
or crime for that matter. This unequal treatment of black people
from the organs of the criminal justice system is to blame for
the American people’s consideration that black lives do not
matter
As Bergo and Nicholls put it‚ when any laws that bind or
govern any given community tend to apply differently to the
different members that make up that given community‚ such
laws end up undermining the given community’s solidarity.
This‚ in turn‚ undermine that whole community. This is in fact
what has taken place in the U.S. criminal justice system. When
a white individual commits the same crime as a black
counterpart‚ the back offender tends to receive a harsher or
longer sentence compared to the white counterpart‚ even when
the appropriate sentence should have been a fine‚ community
service‚ or a shorter jail term. It is because of this differential
treatment of black people by the government organs‚ such as the

5. criminal justice system‚ that has made the white American
society to disregard black lives and they now believe that black
lives do not matter.
Before any white American believes or even thinks that black
lives do not matter‚ he or she should first try and look back at
the American history. The United States is a blend of people
from all over the world. These different races and ethnic groups
arrived in the United States at different times. What we all seem
to understand very clearly is that blacks came to the United
States as slaves and it is because of this that white people tend
to have the illusion that black lives matter. White people need
to understand‚ however‚ that their ancestors may not have been
treated as “white” when they first came to the United States.
To know who is white and who is not may be hard to tell
currently in the United States. People who were originally from
Russia‚ the Poles‚ Ireland‚ and Italy were considered non-white
when they first arrived in the Lower East Side of New York
City. The one shocking thing is that all these ethnic groups are
now considered white in the United States (Bergo &
Nicholls,109). The fact that these European originated ethnic
groups have by the white Americans is an indication that they
now believe that their lives matter and that they can identify
themselves with them. The main question that one is left
pondering about is‚ why hasn’t the white American people
never viewed black people as part of their society and that their
lives matter?
To answer this question‚ may be white Americans need to see
the contributions that black people are making to the nation. It
may seem that they recently noticed that black lives matter
when President Barrack Obama was elected into the white for
two terms. This‚ however‚ in not the case owing to the fact that
many African Americans have in the past few months been
violently killed by police officers as if their lives do not amount
to anything when it comes to contributing to the growth and
development of the country.
Intelligence is one of the most important things that the United

6. States has thrived on for many years. It has been the main thing
behind its ability to fight terrorists and to ensure the safety of
the American people. Black people have been on the forefront
in seeing to it that the American intelligence is always on the
best edge. In his speech‚ intelligence requires contributions of
people of different racial dispositions and that is why black
people are important. He points out that it is important took at
gathered intelligence using different viewpoints in order to
eliminated biases that would bring about skewed analysis
(Clapper).
In his speech‚ he acknowledged that his experience in the
intelligence was enough to show him that it cannot be easy get
diverse ideas in a room that is filled with people of the same
racial affiliation‚ sexual affiliation‚ and who have had the same
life experiences (Clapper). It thus implies that there is need for
people that have had different life experiences for ideas to be
analyzed from all the possible and available perspectives. This
is where black lives come to matter.
Clapper points out that at his tenure in the Intelligence
Community‚ he has always placed diversity as an important
priority. The reasons for these are that diversity is not only the
right thing that everyone should fight for‚ but is also critical to
any given intelligence mission as well as ensuring that the
different views of the minorities are heard when making
important decisions (Clapper,65). He points out in his speech
that the 2014 appointment of Frank Taylor as the head of the
country’s Department Homeland Security’ intelligence
department was a smart move by the country. Such
appointments thus help to prove to white people that indeed
black lives matter.
Like the African Americans in the United States‚ Black
Brazilians are also considered to be less equal to the other
Brazilians. Though they have been promised lands as a way of
paying back for the bad treatment that they have received in the
past‚ those promises have not been met fully and when they
have been honoured it has been faced with serious land-based

7. conflicts (Farfán-Santos,110). No important measures have been
put in place to see to it that these promises are really honoured.
It is as if these black lives are not considered to matter and that
is why they are receiving such a treatment.
In conclusion‚ it is high time that everyone in the United States
and around the world understand that every life matter no
matter the racial or ethnic affiliation because different races can
make different important contributions. Black lives‚ therefore‚
matter just as the lives of white people as pointed out by
Clapper. They are an important component of the country’s
intelligence system.
Works Cited
Bergo, Bettina and Tracey Nicholls. “I Don’t See Color”:
Personal and Critical Perspectives on White Privilege.Penn
State University Press. 2015
Clapper R. James, “Why Black Lives Matter To U.S.
Intelligence.” Nov. 4, 2016‚ Morehouse College, Atlanta.
Farfán-Santos, Elizabeth. Black Bodies, Black Rights : The
Politics of Quilombolismo in Contemporary Brazil. University
of Texas Press. 2016
Black lives matter
The lives of black Americans are important
The problems of black represent those of people of the color
Every individual deserve equal treatment irrespective of race

8. Racial differences is a problem in United states
Black lives matter
It is important to understand that every life is important
irrespective of the race.
Black lives in this book are narrowed to because of the low
status in the society.
Equal treatment is a valuable thing that every person feels they
ought to get.
Black lives are very vital in united states hence race differences
should not be used to victimize others.
2
People making the world will always be diverse
The differences in color do not limit people capabilities
Black lives represent the cultural differences in existence
internationally
There is no supremacy of any race
Value of the differences is vital since it calls for better relations
Black lives matter
Black lives matters emphasizes on importance of people
different from oneself
The world is made of different people from different races and
ethnicities.
Therefore, to internationally interact, people should start by

9. valueing those different from oneself.
The difference might not be necessarily color but even culture.
People should learn to appreciate the differences since id
integrated they can result to better informed life.
3
African Americans are stereotyped
Attitudes from pre-colonial periods are still held toward blacks
They are less privileged
They hold a low societal status
Assertions regarding the black Americans
Black Americans in the past worked as slaves. Males at farms
and women in house chaores.
Usually, they were bought and sold in markets.
They were viewed as less human because they had no rights and
they were treated like property.
Even after laws were passed freeing them, there was a challenge
for them to live normally.
They continued doing poor jobs and living in poor conditions
hence the poor social status.
4
During precolonial period black Americans were slaves
They were bought from Africa
They were treated as lesser beings
Their masters paid taxes for owning them
Hence they were treated like property
Assertions cont’d

10. During the precolonial periods blacks were sold as slaves and
they remained so till the end of their lives.
When their masters passed on , they could be sold to another
family.
Such times , they were not included in any justice system.
They were outsiders and the laws applied to the natives.
5
The black Americans are judged in regard to their past
Their rights are not fully recovered
During the world war the African Americans were segregated
Those who joined the army were not allowed into the military
Assertions cont’d
The black Americans’ past status has been carried forward to
today.
The stereotypes regarding their forefathers have been used to
judge them.
After slavery was banned blacks were still slaves because they
could not mingle freely.
They were segregated even at work places. There were places
for whites and black Americans.
6
They were given lowly jobs such as drivers and pilots
Wherever they worked they were segregated
However they performed exceptionally
Segregation was even present in the 20th century
Buses had sections for blacks and for the whites respectively

11. Assertions cont’d
The limitations posed to black Americans did not limit their
performance.
Their capability was amazing because they left distinctions at
work.
However, the segregations led to protests for better life.
Activists fought for equality rights which made things better.
7
In the 21st century there is still discrimination against blacks
There is the issue of the police and the blacks
Police is accused of discriminating against blacks
Police attack black activists which is not the case with the
whites
Many activists groups are in place fighting for their rights
Assertions cont’d
Human rights is a sensitive issue worldwide
Discrimination against blacks is a violation of human rights
The world in entirety values people’s diversity
The world has become a small village with technology
The world’s context

12. Human rights is advocated today by activists and organizations.
If in anyway one feels that their rights are violated there is the
law.
People are also embracing the differences since each has its
benefits.
9
International relations go on today irrespective of race
People from different cultures study and work together
Human rights activists and centers today are numerous
The advent of social media helps fight discrimination
World’s context
The world has changed and people should get involved in
fighting insensitivity against others.
Today discrimination is still there but people can end it by
valuing others .
Perceptions should also be disregarded.
10
Discriminative accounts can easily reach the public
There is reform on intercultural communication
There are laws against discrimination
People are more sensitized on their rights
People of the color are determined to fight for their rights
World’s context on

13. The world has been changed by technology.
When things happen they easily reach public faster unlike
before.
People can therefore scold any discriminating and offending
behaviors in the country.
People have also become empowered and enlightened of their
rights and they fight for them.
11
“ Black lives matter” is a book that cries for all people of color
It touches on the importance of each life
It calls for change in all institutions
Schools , hospitals, political systems and others are challenged
Importance of the book
The book “ black lives matter” encourages change on
discriminating others based on their origin.
It discourages perceptions based on history and promotes
judging others based on who they actually are.
12
Ohio State university embraces ethnicity diversity which makes
the book an eye-opener on intercultural diversity
OSU comprises of whites, blacks/ African Americans, Asians,
Latinos, international students and people with more than one
race
Importance of the book

14. OSU is a university that values diversity and especially ethnic
diversity.
It is a challenge handling students from different cultures
The books helps student to accommodate other cultures and
individuals
13
The books on effects of racial injustices
In a school discrimination can result to poor performance
It can cause low self-esteem on students
It promotes equality and importance of every individual
Importance of the book
The book emphasizes on the importance of every individual
it shows the achievements of Africa Americans despite the
challenges of discrimination.
The book reveals that every individual has capability
irrespective of the race.
It discourages on ethnic based judgements.
14
The biasness on the African Americans ethnicity
It is centered to the lives of the blacks
May cause ethnicity rivalry
Can encourage students’ protests through demonstrations in
case they face problems
Book’s reading critique

15. The book “Black lives matters” could be claimed to be biased
since it focuses on blacks mostly.
Students could become angry instead if they read the book due
to the different reprresenration of each group.
The use of protests and demonstrations could encourage
students to solve problems through demonstrations because it is
through them that activists got the life of African americans
easened.
15
The book selects the most vulnerable ethnic group to
discrimination hence it is not biased
The experiences of the people illustrated call for justice to all
the people of the color
It encourages valuing others as who they are rather than where
they come from
It expresses challenges of being in a discriminating society.
Countering the critique
African Americans have a history of vulnerability compared to
any other ethnic group.
Even after gaining freedom they are still discriminated in one
way or another.
People are judgmental and have perspectives regarding to
others.
The examples illustrated in the book brings out the awful
experience the people of the color go through.
Hence students will be encouraged on issues of ethnicity and

16. how to handle them .
16
Bergo, Bettina and Tracey Nicholls. “I Don’t See Color”:
Personal and Critical Perspectives on White Privilege.Penn
State University Press. 2015
Clapper R. James, Why Black Lives Matter To U.S.
Intelligence, 2016
Edwards, & Bradford, S. (2016). Black Lives Matter. ABDO,
2016.
references
Process Post #4
· Submitting a file upload
Process Post #4: Symposium Images
Cut and paste 5 images that you hope to use in your
Symposium. (Your Symposium will have at least 15 images
total. This is to get you started.) They can be images you found
on line, images or graphics you created yourself, or images you
found online and altered. (If you are going to alter an image,
make sure you use something through Creative Commons that
does not have the "No Derivatives" license.)
1. For each image, include an MLA citation.
2. Give each image a title that reflects the main idea you are
developing in that slide.
As you look for images, think about what rhetorical strategies
you want to employ and what words you might you pair with

17. each image.
Are you looking for an image that:
· supports the script in a very obvious or literal way?
· requires the audience to think about the connection between
the script and the image?
· adds irony or humor?
· uses pathos or logos to engage the audience?