6 The growth of extended producer responsibility laws in the U.S.
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The document summarizes the evolution of extended producer responsibility (EPR) laws in the United States from 1990 to 2012. It shows that EPR laws started with individual product-specific laws and expanded to include framework legislation and programs covering additional products like packaging. By 2012, over 70 EPR laws had been passed across 32 states, and upcoming agenda items included industry opt-out programs and bills relating to additional products like packaging.
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What is extended producer responsibility (EPR)
Extended producer responsibility (EPR) is an environmental protection strategy that makes producers responsible for the proper disposal of their products after consumers no longer want them. Under EPR, producers are responsible for take-back, recycling, and disposal of products they sell. EPR aims to reduce waste production and a product's environmental impact over its entire lifecycle by incentivizing producers to design more reusable and recyclable products. Common products covered by EPR programs include packaging, batteries, electronics, tires, and beverages containers. EPR policies have been implemented in many countries through both voluntary and regulatory approaches.
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- Unit Testing
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Functional testing generally follows the steps mentioned below:
- Determine which aspect of the software system the testers need to test. These aspects or functionalities can vary from error conditions, product usability, messages, or central functions.
- Create input data according to specific requirements for the functionalities that need testing.
- Based on the outlined requirements, determine which output parameters are acceptable and which ones are not.
- Execute test cases.
- Finally, compare the expected output with the actual result you receive from the test. Tracking this will reveal if your software system works well.
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The document discusses the economic and financial benefits of product stewardship, including job creation, cost savings for taxpayers, and opportunities for business innovation. It notes that product stewardship systems create local jobs in collection, sorting, refurbishing and recycling materials. Recycling creates over 10 times as many jobs as disposal. States that have implemented e-waste laws through extended producer responsibility have seen savings of hundreds of thousands of dollars.
8 What local governments can do
This document discusses actions that local governments can take to promote product stewardship. It explains that local governments currently bear high costs for waste management but have no control over waste quantities or materials. An alternative is for producers to assume responsibility for managing certain products through product stewardship programs. The document provides examples of how these programs would work and recommends several actions local governments can take to support product stewardship, such as encouraging use of existing programs, advocating for new laws, and educating residents.
3 What is the solution? (short)
This presentation discusses product stewardship and extended producer responsibility. It argues that those who design, make, and sell products should take responsibility for the environmental impacts of a product throughout its lifecycle, including after sale. It outlines how extended producer responsibility shifts the burden of collection from local governments to manufacturers by requiring them to set up take-back programs. The presentation notes some voluntary and legislative examples of extended producer responsibility in the US. It concludes that there are multiple strategies along the product lifecycle that different groups can implement to promote product stewardship.
4 Principles of product stewardship
The document outlines the principles of product stewardship developed by the Product Stewardship Institute to guide state and local agencies. The principles state that manufacturers should be responsible for reducing a product's entire lifecycle impacts through design and end-of-life management. Manufacturers should internalize all product costs so they have incentives to design more sustainable products. Policies should also incentivize collection and recycling systems. Responsible parties should have flexibility in how they address impacts, with performance measured by achieving goals. Industry, government, and consumers all have roles to play under these principles.
3a more slides on what is product stewardship fnl
The document discusses product stewardship, which is the principle that all entities involved in a product's lifecycle - from production to disposal - share responsibility for reducing its environmental and health impacts. It notes that Americans throw away large amounts of waste each year, including millions of tons of appliances, electronics, and tires. The full environmental impacts of products are greater than just disposal, including impacts from raw material extraction through manufacturing. Product stewardship aims to create shared responsibility between producers, distributors, retailers, consumers, and waste managers at each stage from production to disposal.
2 What is the problem?
The document discusses the problems posed by the unintended impacts of consumer products and packaging, noting that products are often designed to become obsolete quickly, there are no incentives for companies to create longer-lasting or more easily recyclable products, and Americans throw away about 1,600 pounds of trash per year. It also explains that the current system relies on extracting new resources and results in toxic substances and other problems entering the waste stream, costing taxpayers millions to manage hazardous waste.
1 Title slide
This presentation discusses building capacity for product stewardship. It provides an agenda that includes three main topics to cover product stewardship. The presentation was prepared by the Product Stewardship Institute, which is an equal opportunity employer.
14 The benefits of product stewardship (short)
Product stewardship creates jobs by closing recycling loops to collect, sort, refurbish and recycle materials. It generates over 10 times more jobs than disposing of goods in landfills. It also saves taxpayer money as governments spend millions annually managing waste, but product stewardship shifts these costs and responsibilities to producers.
Why do we need product stewardship 2
The document discusses product stewardship and extended producer responsibility (EPR). It defines product stewardship as all involved in a product's lifecycle taking responsibility for its environmental and health impacts. EPR asks manufacturers who design, make, and sell products to take greatest responsibility, including setting up collection programs. This shifts the burden of collection from local governments and incentivizes greener product design. Several mandatory and voluntary EPR initiatives already exist in some states and countries. The document advocates maximizing existing voluntary programs and notes other strategies like retailers collecting products and consumers choosing greener options to promote product stewardship.
The solution
The document discusses how the current system provides little incentive for companies to design more sustainable products. It notes that Americans throw away about 1,600 pounds of trash per year, consisting of products and packaging. When materials are disposed of instead of recycled, more virgin resources must be extracted to make new products, consuming energy and causing environmental impacts. Some products also contain toxins or pose other issues when disposed of as waste. The document concludes that governments spend millions managing waste but cannot solve the problem of problematic product and packaging waste alone without help from other groups.
Why we need product stewardship 3
The document discusses the environmental and health impacts of consumer products and packaging waste. It notes that Americans throw away about 1,600 pounds of trash per year, and current systems provide little incentive for companies to design more sustainable products. The solution proposed is product stewardship, where all entities in a product's life cycle take responsibility for its impacts. This includes extended producer responsibility programs, where manufacturers set up collection programs for post-consumer products. EPR is already mandated for some products in over 60 state laws. The document advocates for more EPR programs and other product stewardship strategies.
Summit on Preventing Pharmaceutical Waste
The document summarizes a national summit on preventing pharmaceutical waste held on October 19, 2010. The summit, organized by the Product Stewardship Institute, brought together stakeholders to develop policy recommendations for reducing unused and unwanted pharmaceuticals in homes and healthcare facilities. Participants discussed approaches like short-cycle dispensing of initial prescriptions and use of vouchers instead of samples to minimize waste, and debated the pros and cons of different voluntary or mandated policies across various contexts. The goal was to identify next steps and strategies for widespread adoption of approaches to prevent pharmaceutical waste.
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6 The growth of extended producer responsibility laws in the U.S.
- 1. Evolution of Extended Producer Responsibility Laws in the US This presentation was prepared by The Product Stewardship Institute, an equal opportunity provider and employer.
- 2. Evolution of Extended Producer Responsibility Laws in the US Contents: • These slides show a progression of EPR laws in the U.S. from 1990 to today and what items are on the agenda. This presentation was prepared by The Product Stewardship Institute, an equal opportunity provider and employer.
- 3. This presentation was prepared by The Product Stewardship Institute, an equal opportunity provider and employer.
- 4. This presentation was prepared by The Product Stewardship Institute, an equal opportunity provider and employer.
- 5. This presentation was prepared by The Product Stewardship Institute, an equal opportunity provider and employer.
- 6. This presentation was prepared by The Product Stewardship Institute, an equal opportunity provider and employer.
- 7. This presentation was prepared by The Product Stewardship Institute, an equal opportunity provider and employer.
- 8. This presentation was prepared by The Product Stewardship Institute, an equal opportunity provider and employer.
- 9. EPR Laws – October 2010 This presentation was prepared by The Product Stewardship Institute, an equal opportunity provider and employer.
- 10. Legislative Momentum Building 70+ product stewardship laws have now been passed in 32 states 1 2 7 9 13 24 Framework Legislation Basic features of all programs Product-specific outlined Product-specific 1 Product-specific program program program This presentation was prepared by The Product Stewardship Institute, an equal opportunity provider and employer.
- 11. Next items? • Industry opt- •4 bills out program introduced started •Packaging this session included in VT’s framework bill January 10, 2012 This presentation was prepared by The Product Stewardship Institute, an equal opportunity provider and employer.
Editor's Notes
- opt-out for telephone directoriesLegislation involving packaging material Pharmaceutical take-back, safe drug disposal legislation