5 Intervals
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This document provides an overview of music theory concepts related to intervals. It defines major scales as having a consistent pattern of whole steps and half steps. It also lists the order of sharps and flats in a key signature. The document introduces melodic and harmonic intervals and how to count and name intervals based on the number of letter names between the lowest and highest notes. It describes the qualities of intervals within a major scale as either perfect or major and lists which specific intervals have each quality. It also states that if the upper note of an interval is part of the lower note's major scale, the interval will be perfect or major, but may be minor if the upper note is a chromatic semitone lower.
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Elements of music
Pitch refers to high or low tones that are organized into scales described by terms like major, minor, chromatic, and pentatonic. Rhythm is the time element of music characterized by patterns in time that relate to a steady pulse or tempo organized into meter. Melody combines pitch and rhythm, sometimes as a theme, described by its contour and interval size between notes. Timbre is the tone color or quality of sound that distinguishes one instrument from another. Dynamics refer to the loudness or softness of sound that can change suddenly or gradually. Texture describes if the music has one or many voices including monophonic, polyphonic, homophonic, heterophony, or a collage of different textures
Group F
This document discusses the relationship between mathematics and music. It provides group member names and then discusses how mathematics is involved in many aspects of music including rhythm, tuning, frequency, intervals, and chords. It explains concepts like time signatures, note values as fractions, frequency of notes, ratios between intervals, equal temperament, and the mathematical relationships that make music sound pleasant.
An application of abstract algebra to music theory
This document discusses the application of abstract algebra concepts to music theory. It explains the circle of fifths, which is a geometric representation of the relationships between the 12 pitch classes in the chromatic scale. The circle of fifths allows musicians to understand and describe these relationships. The document also discusses Pythagoras' contributions to understanding consonance and dissonance in music theory through identifying numerical ratios between musical intervals. Pythagoras recognized that more consonant intervals had ratios of smaller integers, like the unison, fourth, and fifth intervals.
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Chords
This document provides instructions for identifying and building chords. It explains that to identify a chord, you determine the key, find the root note, and use Roman numerals to label the scale degree. To build a chord, you determine the key, find the root note, and add a third and fifth above the root. It also defines chord tones as notes contained in the chord that sound best melodically, and non-chord tones as notes outside the chord that are best used to connect chord tones.
11 Music Analysis
This document discusses analyzing music by thoroughly examining what is happening in the music. It suggests analyzing music before sight-reading or rehearsing to better understand it. Answering a series of questions about the music can demonstrate your understanding of what you see.
10 Finding Key And Transposition
This document discusses identifying the key of a melody and transposing music at the octave. It provides tips for finding the key such as looking at the starting note, ending note, and notes that are used most frequently. It explains that minor keys may contain accidentals and melodic minor scales have raised notes. It also outlines how to transpose music at the octave either within one clef or to another clef by changing the pitch up an octave and adjusting the clef.
8 Grouping Notes
This document discusses grouping notes and rests in music theory. It explains that simple duple has 2 beats, simple triple has 3 beats, and simple quadruple has 4 beats. It notes that you should always finish the beat when grouping notes or adding rests, and do not combine weak beats. Examples are provided to demonstrate completing each beat and counting out the time signature when grouping notes and adding rests.
7 Simple Time
This document discusses music theory concepts related to simple time signatures. It explains that dots increase a note's value by half, and that bar lines divide the staff into measures. A double bar at the end indicates the end of a piece. Time signatures show the number of beats per measure and which note receives the beat. Simple duple has 2 beats per measure with the upper number always 2. Simple triple has 3 beats per measure and simple quadruple has 4 beats per measure with the upper number always being the beat count.
6 Minor Scales
The document discusses different types of minor scales, including natural minor, harmonic minor, and melodic minor. It defines the characteristics of each scale, such as the intervals between scale degrees that contain semitones. Related major and minor keys share the same key signature, with the minor key being 3 semitones lower. The relative minor of a major key has the same key signature, while the relative major of a minor key is 3 semitones higher.
3 Semitones Whole Tones Accidentals
The piano keyboard is made up of semitones, which is the distance between keys. A whole tone consists of two semitones and has two different note names. Accidentals are signs that alter the pitch of a note, and are written in front of the affected note both on the staff and in its letter name. Chromatic semitones contain the same note name, while diatonic semitones have different names.
2 Rhythmic Notation
This document discusses rhythmic notation in music theory. It covers note durations, relative note values, and how dots are used to lengthen notes by half their value. It also explains rhythmic addition, where note values can be added together like numbers, and provides some examples of rhythmic addition including more complicated rhythms. It advises to first combine notes that are full beats or add up to full beats to simplify adding together multiple notes.
1 Music Notation
This document provides an overview of music notation fundamentals, including that the treble clef curls around the second line indicating G and the bass clef has two dots on the fourth line indicating F. It also notes the names of notes on the treble and bass staves and that ledger lines extend the range of notes above and below the staff lines. Finally, it states that the treble and bass staves combined form the grand staff.
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5 Intervals
- 1. Music Theory Unit 3 Intervals
- 5. How to count Intervals