This document presents production data and sustainability indicators for the Greek mining and metallurgical industry from 2007-2013. It includes:
1) Production figures for various mineral commodities such as bauxite, aluminum, nickel ores, and lignite.
2) Data on 12 sustainability indicators reported by the Greek Mining Enterprises Association, including employment, health and safety, environmental management, and community development.
3) A discussion of the industry's dual role in the domestic versus international markets, facing recession at home but continued exports abroad.
The document provides a statistical review and overview of Greece's mining and minerals industry for the years 2011-2012. It details production levels for various mineral commodities, noting declines in some domestic markets like construction materials due to economic crisis, but growth in export sectors. It also discusses specific companies and commodities. For example, nickel production by LARKO GMM SA increased 30% from 2010 levels despite overall losses, while aluminum production by Aluminium SA remained steady.
Georgiy Geletukha - Chairman of the Board of UABio, Director of SEC “BIOMASS”, Head of Department of ITTF NAS of Ukraine
15th International Conference "Biomass for Energy", September 24-25, 2019
Venue: Kyiv, Ukraine, Premier Palace Hotel
This document provides an overview of the global and Indian coal industry. Some key points:
- Coal is the most abundant fossil fuel, with the largest reserves located in Asia Pacific, especially China and India.
- In India, coal accounts for over 50% of energy consumption and CIL is the largest coal producer. Demand is growing at 8.8% annually.
- Coal is classified by rank and used mainly for power generation, steel and cement production. It is extracted through underground and surface mining methods.
- The industry is regulated through policies around mining, the environment, pricing, supply allocation and coal block development.
- Risks include supply, market, operational and regulatory risks and are mitigated through
Production data and Sustainable Development Indicators (SDIs) for the Greek m...Ελληνικός Ορυκτός Πλούτος
This document summarizes production data for various mineral commodities produced in Greece from 2007-2011. It shows that production declined significantly from the second half of 2008 onward due to falling demand during the economic recession. Some commodities saw production levels drop by 20-30% over this period. The document also discusses indicators for sustainable development in the Greek mining/metallurgical industry and efforts to improve sustainability performance and reporting.
Fly ash is a byproduct of coal combustion in thermal power plants. It is collected from the plant's exhaust before it can disperse into the air. Fly ash particles solidify into glassy spheres when they cool. It contains silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, iron oxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide in varying amounts depending on the coal burned. India generates around 160 million tons of fly ash per year from its heavy reliance on thermal power. Only about 50% of fly ash is currently utilized, with the rest requiring proper disposal. Research is ongoing to develop more applications and increase utilization of this waste material.
The document provides details on the Undurnaran gold deposit located in Saikhandulaan Soum, Dornogovi Province, Mongolia. Key points include:
- The mining permit was issued in 2012 for 4024 hectares and expires in 2042. Exploration from 2009-2011 identified an indicated resource of over 82 million tonnes containing 25.47 tonnes of gold and 250,580 tonnes of copper.
- Detailed feasibility studies propose open pit mining for the first 8 years to a depth of 150 meters, followed by 2 years of underground mining to 160 meters. Processing would initially use gravity separation, then expand to gravity-leach extraction to recover over 90% of gold content.
Monnet ispat and energy 2 qfy2011-291010Angel Broking
Monnet Ispat reported a 14.9% year-on-year growth in net sales to Rs. 361 crore for 2QFY2011, though sales were down 14.2% quarter-on-quarter. Production of sponge iron and power declined due to a maintenance shutdown. EBITDA margin contracted by 169 basis points year-on-year to 29.0% due to higher iron ore costs. Net profit grew 2.2% to Rs. 66 crore. The brokerage maintains a 'Buy' recommendation with a target price of Rs. 687 based on valuations of the steel business and investment in Monnet Power.
DRC is a leading country in the global supply chain of key minerals. The country is home to deposits of Copper, Lithium, Gold, Tantalum, Tin Tungsten, etc.
This document contains a mapping of the most relevant players in the DRC mining sector and their respective contribution to the economy.
The document provides a statistical review and overview of Greece's mining and minerals industry for the years 2011-2012. It details production levels for various mineral commodities, noting declines in some domestic markets like construction materials due to economic crisis, but growth in export sectors. It also discusses specific companies and commodities. For example, nickel production by LARKO GMM SA increased 30% from 2010 levels despite overall losses, while aluminum production by Aluminium SA remained steady.
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Venue: Kyiv, Ukraine, Premier Palace Hotel
This document provides an overview of the global and Indian coal industry. Some key points:
- Coal is the most abundant fossil fuel, with the largest reserves located in Asia Pacific, especially China and India.
- In India, coal accounts for over 50% of energy consumption and CIL is the largest coal producer. Demand is growing at 8.8% annually.
- Coal is classified by rank and used mainly for power generation, steel and cement production. It is extracted through underground and surface mining methods.
- The industry is regulated through policies around mining, the environment, pricing, supply allocation and coal block development.
- Risks include supply, market, operational and regulatory risks and are mitigated through
Production data and Sustainable Development Indicators (SDIs) for the Greek m...Ελληνικός Ορυκτός Πλούτος
This document summarizes production data for various mineral commodities produced in Greece from 2007-2011. It shows that production declined significantly from the second half of 2008 onward due to falling demand during the economic recession. Some commodities saw production levels drop by 20-30% over this period. The document also discusses indicators for sustainable development in the Greek mining/metallurgical industry and efforts to improve sustainability performance and reporting.
Fly ash is a byproduct of coal combustion in thermal power plants. It is collected from the plant's exhaust before it can disperse into the air. Fly ash particles solidify into glassy spheres when they cool. It contains silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, iron oxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide in varying amounts depending on the coal burned. India generates around 160 million tons of fly ash per year from its heavy reliance on thermal power. Only about 50% of fly ash is currently utilized, with the rest requiring proper disposal. Research is ongoing to develop more applications and increase utilization of this waste material.
The document provides details on the Undurnaran gold deposit located in Saikhandulaan Soum, Dornogovi Province, Mongolia. Key points include:
- The mining permit was issued in 2012 for 4024 hectares and expires in 2042. Exploration from 2009-2011 identified an indicated resource of over 82 million tonnes containing 25.47 tonnes of gold and 250,580 tonnes of copper.
- Detailed feasibility studies propose open pit mining for the first 8 years to a depth of 150 meters, followed by 2 years of underground mining to 160 meters. Processing would initially use gravity separation, then expand to gravity-leach extraction to recover over 90% of gold content.
Monnet ispat and energy 2 qfy2011-291010Angel Broking
Monnet Ispat reported a 14.9% year-on-year growth in net sales to Rs. 361 crore for 2QFY2011, though sales were down 14.2% quarter-on-quarter. Production of sponge iron and power declined due to a maintenance shutdown. EBITDA margin contracted by 169 basis points year-on-year to 29.0% due to higher iron ore costs. Net profit grew 2.2% to Rs. 66 crore. The brokerage maintains a 'Buy' recommendation with a target price of Rs. 687 based on valuations of the steel business and investment in Monnet Power.
DRC is a leading country in the global supply chain of key minerals. The country is home to deposits of Copper, Lithium, Gold, Tantalum, Tin Tungsten, etc.
This document contains a mapping of the most relevant players in the DRC mining sector and their respective contribution to the economy.
The document examines the potential for reducing carbon dioxide emissions through the use of high volume fly ash cement. It finds that full utilization of fly ash today could achieve reductions of 10-36% but would not be enough to meet reduction targets of 30% by 2020 and 50% by 2050. Alternative cementitious materials beyond fly ash will be needed to achieve sustainability in the cement industry. The location of increased cement demand aligns with areas of increasing coal production, providing opportunities for greater fly ash use.
This document provides a profile for establishing a 37 tonne per year carbon brush production plant in Ethiopia. It finds that the present demand is 24 tonnes annually, projected to reach 52 tonnes by 2017. The plant will employ 26 people at a total investment of 6.8 million Birr. The project has an internal rate of return of 20% and net present value of 3.1 million Birr, making it financially viable.
The document analyzes energy demand and supply in Nigeria. It finds that Nigeria has significant oil and natural gas reserves, contributing greatly to its GDP. However, attacks on oil facilities have reduced crude oil production at times. While coal production is minimal, electricity generation has increased to meet rising demand, though a large portion of the population still lacks access to electricity. The document projects that under current economic growth trends, Nigeria's energy demand will continue rising significantly in the coming decades.
Sujatha Byravan, CSTEP - Quality of Life for All: A Sustainable Development F...Centre for Policy Research
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Presentation by Dr Mike Titts, Head of Urban Living and Built Environment, Innovate UK at the RIBA July 8th 2015 more information: https://storify.com/subutcher/treading-softly-cradle-to-cradle-the-best-way-to-a
The document summarizes Mongolia's macroeconomic indicators from 2005 to 2013. It shows that the economy expanded by 11.5% in the first nine months of 2013, led by the mining sector and non-mining industry. Industrial output rose 33% during this period due to the start of open-pit mining at Oyu Tolgoi. However, coal and copper export volumes declined. Expansionary fiscal policy in 2012 supported growth but also increased inflation and the current account deficit. Successful international bond issuances boosted foreign reserves to $2.4 billion in October 2013.
This study evaluated the strength properties of high performance concrete (HPC) using ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and crushed sand as partial replacements for cement and natural sand. Several HPC mixes with M60 grade were tested by replacing cement with 30-50% GGBS and fine aggregate with 5-25% crushed sand. The results showed that compressive strength increased up to 65.3 MPa at 28 days for a mix with 40% GGBS and 15% crushed sand replacement. The study concluded that GGBS and crushed sand can be effectively used as partial replacements in HPC to improve strength properties while providing an economical alternative to conventional materials.
The document provides economic indicators and analysis of Mongolia's macroeconomic performance. It notes that while the economy expanded by 11.5% in the first half of 2013 due to mining growth, exports and FDI inflows are slowing. Inflation reached double digits in 2012 due to expansionary fiscal policy, and the current account deficit remained high. International reserves increased following Mongolia's successful international bond issuance in late 2012. Fiscal policy has been procyclical, with the budget deficit including DBM operations reaching 10.9% of GDP in 2012, exceeding the previous record.
The Mongolian economy expanded by 11.5% in the first nine months of 2013, led by growth in the mining sector and industrial production. However, exports and foreign direct investment have slowed. Inflation reached double digits in 2012 due to expansionary fiscal policy, and the current account deficit remained large. Strong economic growth has contributed to a decline in poverty rates in Mongolia.
IRJET- Investigation on Behaviour of MSW Geopolymer ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document investigates the behavior of municipal solid waste (MSW) geopolymer concrete. MSW ash was used to replace fly ash in geopolymer concrete at levels of 20% and 30% of the total binder content. Various tests were conducted on the concrete mixtures to determine strengths. The 7 and 28-day compressive strengths increased with 20% MSW ash replacement but decreased with 30% replacement compared to the control geopolymer concrete without ash. Flexural and split tensile strengths followed a similar trend. The study demonstrates that MSW ash can partially replace fly ash in producing geopolymer concrete and help reduce landfill waste while maintaining adequate concrete strengths.
IRJET- Investigation on Behaviour of MSW Geopolymer ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that investigated the use of municipal solid waste ash as a partial replacement for fly ash in geopolymer concrete. The researchers created geopolymer concrete mixtures with 0%, 20%, and 30% replacement of fly ash with municipal solid waste ash. The concrete was cured and tested after 7 and 28 days to evaluate its compressive strength. Results showed that compressive strength decreased slightly with higher levels of fly ash replacement, but even the 30% replacement mixture exceeded the target compressive strength of M30 concrete. This indicates municipal solid waste ash has potential as a supplemental cementitious material for more sustainable geopolymer concrete production.
Nigeria has significant energy resources including oil, natural gas, and coal. It is the largest oil producer in Africa and has the largest natural gas reserves on the continent. However, Nigeria faces challenges meeting its growing energy demand due to infrastructure challenges and conflicts affecting oil production. The document analyzes Nigeria's historical and projected energy supply and demand, finding that under reference growth rates, demand is expected to outpace supply by 2030 without action.
This document summarizes research on agricultural and industrial applications of fly ash from lignite combustion power plants in Greece. Chemical and mineralogical characterization of the fly ash revealed that it has an average grain size of a few to 200 micrometers, with glassy and spherical parts. Leaching experiments showed certain elements like sulfur, calcium, and potassium are mobile in the fly ash, while others like silicon, iron and magnesium exhibit low mobility. Preliminary results found that adding 5% fly ash to acidic soil can increase the pH to suitable levels for agriculture. The research aims to develop sustainable uses of fly ash in constructions, environment and agriculture applications.
The document summarizes Eni's Q3 2014 results. Key highlights include:
- Oil and gas production was in line with full-year guidance at 1,653 kboe/d.
- Exploration efforts resulted in 700 million boe of resources identified over the first 9 months.
- Cash flow from operations accelerated and covered capital expenditures and full-year dividends for the first 9 months.
- Adjusted net profit decreased 12% to €1.14 billion compared to Q3 2013, while adjusted operating profit increased 3% to €3.44 billion.
The document summarizes Mongolia's macroeconomic indicators and developments from 2005 to 2013. It saw strong growth averaging over 10% annually despite slowing exports and FDI inflows in recent years. This growth contributed to declining poverty but also higher inflation due to expansionary fiscal policy in 2012. The fiscal deficit widened to over 11% of GDP in 2012 when including state-owned Development Bank of Mongolia spending, though revenue growth has been strong in 2013. International reserves grew following Mongolia's successful international bond issuance.
This document provides a summary of technical information useful for quantity surveyors, including:
- Conversion factors for units of measurement between metric and imperial systems.
- Weights of common building materials like concrete, bricks, steel, and more.
- Formulas for calculating areas and volumes of basic shapes.
- Weight tables for steel plates, rounds, structural sections and sheets of aluminum.
The document aims to serve as a handy reference for professionals in construction estimating, cost planning, and project management. It includes specifications, conversion tables, and material properties.
Global steel industry and in particular China: future outlookMining On Top
Mining On Top: Stockholm 2013
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Global steel industry and in particular China: future outlook – Dr Nae Hee Han, World Steel Association; Chief Economist
This document summarizes research on reusing copper slag in concrete. Copper slag is a byproduct of copper manufacturing that comprises various oxides such as iron, silicon, aluminum and calcium. Studies have shown copper slag can replace Portland cement or aggregates in concrete due to its physical and mechanical properties. The document reviews research on using copper slag in cement production, blended cement, as a concrete aggregate replacement, and as a partial replacement for cement or both cement and sand in concrete. Some studies found compressive and flexural strength increased with copper slag replacements up to certain levels. The document provides context on copper slag production and composition before summarizing key studies.
IRJET - Experimental Investigation on Strength Properties of Geopolymer Concr...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on the strength properties of geopolymer concrete using foundry sand. Geopolymer concrete was produced by replacing the conventional Portland cement paste with an alkali-activated geopolymer paste, while keeping the aggregate system the same. Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) was used as the primary binder material. Bagasse ash was used to partially replace the GGBS. Foundry sand was used to replace fine aggregates. The compressive and split tensile strengths of mixes with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% bagasse ash replacement were tested at 7 and 28 days of ambient curing and decreased as the bagasse ash content increased. X-ray diffraction analysis showed
The document outlines Greece's national policy for the exploitation of mineral resources. The policy aims to:
1. Ensure a sufficient and sustainable supply of mineral resources to support social and economic development, while protecting the environment and public health.
2. Promote best practices for efficient and sustainable mineral production, use, recycling, and environmental rehabilitation.
3. Support education and research on geosciences.
4. Balance mineral extraction with local community needs and regional development.
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The Mongolian economy expanded by 11.5% in the first nine months of 2013, led by growth in the mining sector and industrial production. However, exports and foreign direct investment have slowed. Inflation reached double digits in 2012 due to expansionary fiscal policy, and the current account deficit remained large. Strong economic growth has contributed to a decline in poverty rates in Mongolia.
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Similar to 4th international forum mineral resources in greece p tzeferis et al (2007 2013) (20)
The document outlines Greece's national policy for the exploitation of mineral resources. The policy aims to:
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3. Support education and research on geosciences.
4. Balance mineral extraction with local community needs and regional development.
Π. Τζεφέρη Η εξορυκτική μεταλλουργική δραστηριότητα στην ελλάδα.στατιστικά δε...
4th international forum mineral resources in greece p tzeferis et al (2007 2013)
1. Production data and Sustainable Development Indicators (SDIs) for the Greek mining/metallurgical industry in the period 2007-2013
4th International Forum Mineral Resources in Greece: A Driving Force for Economic Development, Μarch 2014
P.G. Tzeferis Ministry of Environment Energy & Climate Change, Mineral Resources Policy directorate (YPEKA), Greece
•Mineral & Aggregate Resources Division, Athens, Greece
C. Kavalopoulos Greek Mining Enterprises Association (GMEA), Greece
K. Komnitsas Department of Mineral Resources Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Greece
2. 1) Production data for various mineral commodities produced in Greece in the period 2007-2013 . General performance of the Greek Mining/Metallurgical Industry. Reported figures are combined data from (a) statistics provided by the Mineral Resources Division of the Ministry of Environment, Energy and Climate Change (YPEKA) and (b) annual statistics provided by GMEA. 2) Data from twelve groups of Sustainable Development Indicators (SDIs) provided by the Greek Mining Enterprises Association (GMEA) in the period 2007-2013. Sustainability performance indicators include employment matters, environmental management and land stewardship, waste management, energy and water management, H&S issues and local community development. Results are discussed.
This paper presents:
P.G. Tzeferis, C. Kavalopoulos, K. Komnitsas: 4th International Forum Mineral Resources in Greece,A Driving Force for Economic Development, Μarch 2014
3. The Greek Mining/Metallurgical Industry (GMMI)
•The Greek Mining/Metallurgical Industry (GMMI) constitutes an important sector of the economic activity of our country as it supplies essential raw materials for primary industries and various downstream users.
•Although the sector’s significance to Greek economy has been declined during the past 20 years, GMMI still contributes 3-5% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), with the inclusion of interrelated enterprises such as quarrying, concrete, processing and production of intermediate and final products.
P.G. Tzeferis, C. Kavalopoulos, K. Komnitsas:
4th International Forum Mineral Resources in Greece,A Driving Force for Economic Development, Μarch 2014
6. Amphibolite
57,367
57,500
25,902
23,453
23,263
10,398
19,360
Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3), [processed, all sources]
500,000
600,000
580,000
450,000
400,000
380,000
345,000
Feldspar
95,000
62,000
28,617
17,380
10,563
13,000
0
Quartz
15,000
16,201
10,909
30,794
11,241
0
0
CO2 [liquid]
12,500
12,200
8,000
9,980
10,200
10,760
10,040
Lignite
66,100,000
64,521,000
61,800,000
56,366,202
58,400,000
62,334,803
54,000,000
Crude oil, in barrels
575,413
477,679
628,278
894,002
675,504
661,510
609,390
Natural gas , in Nm3
21,221,053
14,058,056
11,123,714
6,124,844
5,927,401
6,401,717
5,415,000
Salt, sea salt
212,000
220,000
189,000
164,765
174,500
191,970
189,500
Mineral Aggregates (sand, gravel, crushed stones etc,) *
90,000,000
85,000,000
65,000,000
50,000,000
38,000,000
29,000,000
30,000,000
Marble, rough blocks plus slate stones (m3)
440,000*
430,000
360,520
400,000
470,000
500,000
520,000
Marble, rough shapeless blocks
420,000*
451,505
254,491
358,963
390,000
244,000
300,000
Emery
NA
ΝΑ
8,000
7,000
5,900
4,250
4,250
NA: not available, *estimated
TABLE 1: Production of Mineral Commodities in Greece (continued)*
*Provided by (a) the Mineral Resources Division of YPEKA and (b) GMEA.
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
7. ..
A sector with two faces….
A domestic…
Recession, fall in demand and prices of raw materials in the construction, steel, cement and concrete industries.
Severe economic problems in mining enterprises and lack of investment initiatives (e.g sector of construction aggregate materials )
An international …
Exports continued and increased
Demand and prices soon rallied largely to pre-crisis levels. (e.g the industrial minerals sector)
P.G. Tzeferis, C. Kavalopoulos, K. Komnitsas:
4th International Forum Mineral Resources in Greece, A Driving Force for Economic Development, Μarch 2014
8. The industry of marble products
Imports and Exports of marble and other natural stones [2000-2012]
0,00
50,00
100,00
150,00
200,00
250,00
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source: Greek Statistical Authority (EL.STAT)
Exports
Imports
P.G. Tzeferis, C. Kavalopoulos, K. Komnitsas:
4th International Forum Mineral Resources in Greece, A Driving Force for Economic Development, Μarch 2014
9. The state (Ministry of Environment, YPEKA) completed the new reformed Regulation on Mining and Quarrying Activities (KMLE, MD2223/11). Strategic goal: to enhance health and safety in the mining sector.
State Initiatives
The state (Ministry of Environment, YPEKA) adopted the National Policy for the Strategic Planning and Exploitation of Mineral Resources. Strategic goal: to ensure the supply of MRM to the society in a sustainable way and in compliance with other national sectoral development policies
The state (Ministry of Environment, YPEKA) issued a new law (4014/2011) reforming the environmental licensing procedures for projects and activities. Strategic goal: to facilitate environmental licensing while ensuring a high level of environmental protection
P.G. Tzeferis, C. Kavalopoulos, K. Komnitsas: 4th International Forum Mineral Resources in Greece,A Driving Force for Economic Development, Μarch 2014
10. SD Indicators
for the Greek Mining/Metallurgical Industry
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
1. Employment
a. Average number of people directly employed
10,392
10,920
10,305
10,166
9,729
9,208
9,175
b. Average number of people indirectly employed (including contractors)
4,193
5,203
5,151
4,769
5,446
11,427
11,541
c. Total number of hours worked (including a and b) [hours]
26,569
32,106
29,915
28,906
30,493
28,003
22,770
d. Number of hours worked per ton of marketable product [hours/t product]
0.27
0.31
0.31
0.34
0.38
0.34
0.39
2. Development of Skills
a. Total number of training hours [hours]
118,743
106,967
89,117
124,154
129,906
117,742
227,414
b. Training hours per employee
8.32
6.69
5.78
8.31
8.56
5,74
10,97
TABLE 2 : SDIs for the Greek Mining/Metallurgical Industry in the period 2007-2013
P.G. Tzeferis, C. Kavalopoulos, K. Komnitsas
11. 3. Health and Safety
a. Number of working hours lost due to accidents
34,504
29,495
32,643
23,050
24,585
22,746
21,469
b. Total number of hours in H & S training
43,810
47,004
41,779
54,625
66,481
59,044
52,770
c. Number of hours in H & S training per employee
3.07
2.93
2.71
3.66
4.38
2.88
2.55
d. Number of fatalities
3
5
7
0
3
2
3
e. Number of fatalities per 10,000 employees
2
3
4.5
0
2
2
1.45
f. Accident frequency indicator for all the employees (direct and indirect) (x106)
5.8
4.05
5.01
5
4.39
3.07
2.76
g. Accident seriousness indicator for all the employees (x106)
165.7
114.8
136.4
99.5
100.8
69.8
90.4
h. Employees that are periodically under medical supervision [% of total employees]
40
74
68
85
80
85
80
4. Total turnover & production
a. Total turnover [million €]
2,109,97
2,031,74
1,786,78
1,973,58
2,123,11
2,081,71
1,736,68
b. Production of marketable products [million tons]
96.8
104.5
96.9
85.9
80.2
81,1
73,1
5. Exploration – R&D costs
a. Total exploration costs [million €]
7.8
8.9
8.4
12.3
6.6
9.7
11.04
b. R&D costs per ton of marketable product (5a/4b) [€/t product]
0.08
0.087
0.086
0.14
0.082
0.119
0.15
TABLE 2 : SDIs for the Greek Mining/Metallurgical Industry in the period 2007-2013 (continued)
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
12. 6. Communication with the community
a. Number of public events - “open days”
82
58
40
36
56
53
57
b. Number of visits (schools, universities)
236
231
178
161
153
130
138
c. Number of trained students
332
330
505
454
223
246
483
d. Resources available to the local community (infrastructure, unions, support, awards etc) [million €]
25.5
27.7
27.3
25.9
10.9
11.2
5.98
e. Resources available to the wider community (same as d) [€]
1,449,100
1,670,975
764,419
706,076
497,430
668,798
630,680
7. Energy Demand
a. Total energy consumption [MJ]x106
28,520
27,987
20,155
24,330
30,965
31,335
31,484
b. Energy consumption per ton of final product (7a/4b) [MJ/t product]
294.7
267.8
207.8
283.23
386.18
386.24
340.68
8.Water Demand
a. Total net water consumption [m3]
11,896,545
17,435,018
16,980,791
17,809,519
16,936,337
17,235,543
12,892,679
b. Total consumption of recycled water [m3]
5,843,221
6,948,150
5,118,120
8,667,330
9,494,971
9,665,820
8,995,183
c. Water consumption during production [m3]
12,890,396
18,013,768
15,894,993
10,745,469
18,119,550
17,087,140
15,449,168
d. Total net water consumption per ton of final product [m3/t product]
0.12
0.17
0.17
0.21
0.23
0.21
0.17
e. Water consumption in rehabilitation / restoration activities [m3]
325,774
982,331
907,765
582,814
311,054
341,111
310,717
TABLE 2 : SDIs for the Greek Mining/Metallurgical Industry in the period 2007-2013 (continued)
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
13. 9. Land Demand – Environmental Rehabilitation
a. Total land in use for deposit exploitation at the end of the calendar year (rehabilitated surface is excluded) [acres]
154,742
154,868
157,675
154,779
164,001
175,469
167,183
b. Total land surface under rehabilitation [acres]
3,540
3,556
3,729
1,682
3,688
5,547
4,272
c. Total land surface returned to beneficial use or rehabilitated by planting trees [acres]
55,350
55,938
59,996
63,520
63,550
63,550
61,902
d. Number of planted trees at the end of the calendar year
156,048
622,367
588,468
506,193
169,024
212,348
159,329
e. Cost for rehabilitation of mines and protection of the environment [€]
11,280,096
11,675,475
9,376,164
16,151,915
8,732,448
10,130,178
10,742,980
f. Cost for rehabilitation per ton of final product (9e/4b) [€/t product]
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.19
0.11
0.12
0.14
10. Waste Management
a. Wastes from mining activities the current year [thousand tons]
562,660
555,889
543,087
532,206
600,478
513,027
512,924
b. Wastes from mining activities per ton of final product (10a/4b) [tons/t product]
5.81
5.32
5.6
6.19
7.4
6.3
7.01
c. Wastes from mining activities used for backfilling [thousand tons]
450,475
405,576
462,059
439,480
440,882
417,851
439,316
TABLE 2 : SDIs for the Greek Mining/Metallurgical Industry
in the period 2007-2013 (continued)
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
14. d. Wastes recycled or/and used for the production of secondary materials [thousand tons]
1,120
1,328
1,153
797
508
854,7
1204
e. Other not mining wastes recycled [thousand kg]
4,150
4,908
9,923
13,678
14,641
11,333
11,947
11. Use of dangerous substances
a.Quantity of classified dangerous substances used during production (lubricants are excluded) according to the Directive 67/548/EEC [tons]
6,600
6,286
2,287
3,966
38,432
40,625
36,018
12. Company Certification
a.ISO 9001/2 (GMEA members [%])
48
50
59
66
65
68
78
b. ISO 14001 (GMEA members [%])
30
32
32
33
36
36
39
c. OHSAS 18001 (GMEA members [%])
10
14
20
24
27
27
27
TABLE 2 : SDIs for the Greek Mining/Metallurgical Industry
in the period 2007-2013 (continued)
P.G. Tzeferis, C. Kavalopoulos, K. Komnitsas:
4th International Forum Mineral Resources in Greece,
A Driving Force for Economic Development, Μarch 2014
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
15. CONCLUSION
•Despite economic recession and the collapse in the domestic materials market, the perspectives of the Greek mineral industry appear to be positive, relying mainly to its export orientation. However, the industry has to identify and exploit the trends and opportunities of the international business environment in order to overcome crisis, remain competitive and further improve its position and perspectives.
•Results from the list of key performance sustainability indicators (SDI’s)) demonstrate the significant strides the industry has made in regards to sustainability. There is still a need for improvement in environmental performance and good practice has far to go before it spreads to all parts of the mining industry, especially for the small-scale mining. Also, questions remain as to whether current assessment and reporting can be translated into valuable knowledge on the ground, providing sufficient tools for companies and for communities.
•Finally, we need a new agenda focused on good practice guidance that is built around society’s demands and the realistic aspirations of a much more capable industry sector.
P.G. Tzeferis, C. Kavalopoulos, K. Komnitsas:
4th International Forum Mineral Resources in Greece,
A Driving Force for Economic Development, Μarch 2014