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4GE4 PProblem Solving and reasoning (record).pptx
- 2. in your existence? Haveyou ever have any experience solving various cases/problem? Have you ever try to make a general statement based on facts you observed? How? Did you use a general rule to make a specific decision? Have you ever believed something was always true, only to find out there’s an exception?
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- 4. • differentiate betweeninductive and deductive reasoning, • use counterexamples to disproved conjecture or statements • Construct a conclusion based on the premises of the argument. Lesson Objectives:
- 5. Reasoning Reasoning is anaction that we do whenever we want to think or say something in logical order or sensible way.
- 6. LOGIC Reasoning it isthe drawing of inferences or conclusions from known or assumed facts.
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- 8. is the processof reaching a general conclusion by examining specific examples or observation. INDUCTIVE REASONING
- 9. Example Premise 1: LastSaturday, Leni went to boulevard. Premise 2: This Saturday, she went to the boulevard again. Conclusion: Therefore, Leni will probably get to the boulevard on the next Saturday.
- 10. Example What figures comesnext in the sequence?
- 11. is the processof reaching a conclusion by applying general assumptions, procedures or principles. DEDUCTIVE REASONING
- 12. Example Premise 1: Allmen are mortal. Premise 2: Aristotle is man. Conclusion: Therefore, Aristotle is mortal.
- 14. Mary and Jimare left-handed and use left- handed scissors. Bill is also left-handed. Therefore, Bill also uses left-handed scissors. 1 Inductive REasoning
- 15. 2 It's dangerous todrive on icy streets. The streets are icy now, so it would be dangerous to drive on the streets. Deductive REasoning
- 16. 3 In the past,ducks have always come to our pond. Therefore, the ducks will come to our pond this summer. Inductive REasoning
- 17. 4 Acute angles areless than 90 degrees. This angle is 40 degrees, so it must be an acute angle. Deductive REasoning
- 18. 5 Inductive REasoning Which figure comesnext on the series?
- 19. TRY THIS: Construct aconclusion based on the premises.
- 20. The sun hasrisen in the east every morning for my entire life. The sun rose in the east this morning. Therefore, ___________________________ The sun will rise in the east tomorrow morning. Every time it rains, the ground gets wet. It has rained every day for the past week. So, ______________________________ the ground has been wet every day for the past week.
- 21. Marvel Comics charactersare fictional. Iron man is a Marvel comic’s character. Therefore, _________________________. Iron Man is fictional character Citrus fruit are rich in vitamin C. Orange is a citrus fruit. Therefore, __________________. an orange is rich in vitamin C
- 22. Counterexamples A statement isa true statement provided that it is true in all cases. If you find one case for which a statement is not true, called a counterexample, then the statement is a false statement.
- 23. All Swan areWhite. Claim Counterexample
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- 25. All positive integersare greater than zero. Claim Counterexample There is no counterexample because this claim is always true.
- 26. The sum oftwo numbers is always even. Claim Counterexample 2+3=5
- 27. Can you thinkof a time when a counterexample and reasoning changed how we think?
- 28. ·HOW ARE COUNTEREXAMPLE AND REASONINGSUSED IN other FIELD OF STUDY?
- 29. HOW DO COUNTEREXAMPLE ANDLOGIC REASONING HELP US IMPROVE OUR DECISION MAKING?
- 30. THANKYOU FOR LISTENING! Come now, letus reason together," says the Lord "For the Lord gives wisdom; from his mouth come knowledge and understanding." Proverbs 2: 6-7
- 31. If any ofyou lacks wisdom, let him ask of God, who gives to all liberally and without reproach, and it will be given to him. James 1:5