Interface characterizations of diamond coated tools by scratch testing and si...The University of Alabama
n this study, micro-scratch tests were conducted on diamond-coated tungsten-carbide substrates to investigate coating adhesion. During the scratch testing, high intensity acoustic emission (AE) signals can be clearly detected when the coating delamination occurs. It is also found that the tangential force increase gradually with the normal force, but fluctuates significantly when the critical load of coating delamination is reached. A three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) model with a cohesive-zone interface was developed to simulate the scratch process, and by comparing with the delamination critical load from the experiment, the interface characteristic length, the maximum strength and the fracture energy can be obtained. The preliminary results indicate that it is feasible to use the FE simulation combined with scratch tests to evaluate the coating interface behaviors.
Geographical indications trade in goods key legal issues_implications for afr...Susan Isiko
Geographical Indications, Africa, Caribbean and Pacific group of Nations, trade in goods, key legal issues, competition, agricultural products, market access, crafts, wines and spirits
Interface characterizations of diamond coated tools by scratch testing and si...The University of Alabama
n this study, micro-scratch tests were conducted on diamond-coated tungsten-carbide substrates to investigate coating adhesion. During the scratch testing, high intensity acoustic emission (AE) signals can be clearly detected when the coating delamination occurs. It is also found that the tangential force increase gradually with the normal force, but fluctuates significantly when the critical load of coating delamination is reached. A three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) model with a cohesive-zone interface was developed to simulate the scratch process, and by comparing with the delamination critical load from the experiment, the interface characteristic length, the maximum strength and the fracture energy can be obtained. The preliminary results indicate that it is feasible to use the FE simulation combined with scratch tests to evaluate the coating interface behaviors.
Geographical indications trade in goods key legal issues_implications for afr...Susan Isiko
Geographical Indications, Africa, Caribbean and Pacific group of Nations, trade in goods, key legal issues, competition, agricultural products, market access, crafts, wines and spirits
1. Ikastetxea: Izena izena
izena
Gela:
“Patata, zorionez gure artean”
2008: Patataren nazioarteko urtea
Patata garrantzitsua izan da historian;
horregatik izendatu dute 2008 patataren Patata landarea sustrai, zurtoin eta
tuberkuluekin
nazioarteko urtea.
Patata landarea ( solanum tuborusum) Klima epelekoa da, erraza da landatzeko
belarkara da. Bi zati desberdin ditu: lur- eta baita kontserbatzeko ere. Hori dela
azalaren gainaldekoa eta behealdekoa, eta munduko leku askotan kontsumitzen
hau da, tuberkulua. Azken hau loditutako da, arrozaren atzetik gehien jaten den
zurtoin zatiak dira, berez landarearen elikagaia baita.
erreserba gaiak gordetzeko balio dutenak XVI. mende bukaeran ailegatu zen patata
eta hauxe da elikagai bezala erabiltzen Irlandara, bertako klima oso egokia
den zatia. 200 barietate baino gehiago zenez patata hazteko, erraz ugaldu zen.
ezagutzen dira. 1845ean onddo bat azaldu zen Irlandan,
Amerikako Andeetan du jatorria. bere izena Phythphthora Infestans zen
1530ean Iberiar penintsulara ekarri zuen eta patata guztiak kutsatu zituen. Uzta
Pizarro konkistatzaileak. Hala ere ez txarrak gosea ekarri zuen eta honen
ziren elikagai bezala erabiltzen hasi ondorioz 1000000 Irlandar hil ziren eta
– beste horrenbestek emigratu beharra
XVIII. Mendera arte, toxikoa zela
pentsatzen baitzen. izan zuen.
Balio energetiko handikoa da, bere balio
Patataren landareak solanina
nutrizionala karbohidratoek (%20)
deitutako sustantzia toxikoa dauka
osatzen dute, gainerakoa ura (%75),
bere hosto, lore, zurrtoin eta
proteinak (%2) eta gatz mineralak (%2)
tuberkuluetan. Patata gordinik eta
dira.
kantitate handitan janez gero,
hesteetako arazoak eta arazo
neurologikoak sor ditzake.
Ba al zenekien patata
hilgarria izan daitekeela?
