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 개념
 강의 내용
결정변수
: 총판매이익
① 유리
② 알루미늄
③ 제조공정시간


zx
C
xxxCz
30
1
30
30 1
1
2211  zx
C
xxxCz
30
1
30
30 1
1
2211 
zx
C
xxxCz
30
1
30
30 1
1
2211 
45301
302
3
1
1
 C
C
z
C
x
C
xxCxz
2
1
2
2221
140
40 
40
3
2
261
40
2
3
2
2
 C
C
z
C
x
C
xxCxz
2
1
2
2221
140
40 



잠재가격
자원 한 단위의 증감이 목적함수 값에 미치는 영향
 유리 가용량이 180단위에서 181단위로 1단위 증가한다면,
 유리 1단위 증가에 따른 총판매이익의 순증가
 유리 가용량이 1단위 감소한다면 ?
 잠재가격

추가되는 자원 한 단위가 순수하게 목적함수 값에 기여
하는 양
 알루미늄 가용량이 1120kg에서 1121kg으로 1kg 증가한다면,
 잠재가격
 알루미늄 가용량이 1kg 감소한다면 ?
 제조공정시간이 1440시간에서 1441시간으로 1시간 증가
한다면,
 잠재가격

 한계가치 기회비용



 제품 C의 개당 생산에 투입되는 자원소요량
1단위 6kg 8시간
 제품 C의 개당 판매이익 : 32만원
 제품 C 한 개 추가 생산 시 효과
판매이익의 증가
판매이익의 감소
제품 C 한 개 생산이 판매이익에 미치는 순효과
= 한계이익 - 한계손실 = 32 - 36.67 = -4.67 (만)원
 현재의 최적생산방식이 최적해로 계속 유지되는 목적함수
계수의 변화 범위
현재 최적해
제품 A의 목적함수 계수 변화 범위
제품 B의 목적함수 계수 변화 범위
 각 자원의 잠재가격이 변하지 않는 자원가용량의 변화
범위
 유리의 잠재가격 : 10만원
 유리 가용량 변화범위 : [180-20, 180+10]
 알루미늄의 잠재가격 : 0
 알루미늄 가용량 변화범위 : [1120-160, 1120+∞]
 제조공정시간의 잠재가격 : 3.33만원
 제조공정시간 가용량 변화범위 : [1440-120, 1440+180]
(예제 3-3)
 프리미엄 8만원, 유리 5단위 추가구입 여부
따라서 구입하는 게 좋음
 프리미엄 7만원, 유리 15단위 추가구입 여부
따라서 구입하지 않는 게 좋음
(예제 3-4)
 시간외 근무로 제조공정시간이 300 시간 증가시 시간
당 기본수당에 추가할 특별수당
추가 300시간에 대해 최대 시간당 2만원씩
추가로 특별수당 지급 가능
 Reduced Cost (한계비용 ?)
 제품 A의 Reduced Cost
= 40 - (1 × 10 + 4 × 0 + 9 × 3.33) = 0
 제품 B의 Reduced Cost
= 30 - (1 × 10 + 8 × 0 + 6 × 3.33) = 0
 제품 C의 Reduced Cost
= 32 - (1 × 10 + 6 × 0 + 8 × 3.33) = - 4.67
 Reduced Cost (한계비용) 경제적 의미
제품 C의 한계비용 = -4.67 의 의미는?
최적의 생산을 하고 있는 상태에서 해당 제품의 한 단위
추가 생산에 따른 목적함수 값의 순증가분


제품 C의 한계비용이 –4.67이므로 총판매이익이 46.7만원 감소
신제품 C의 판매가격은 신제품 C를 생산하는데 소요되는 자원들의
가치 총합 이상이 되어야 한다.
= 1×10 + 6×0 + 8×3.33 = 36.67만원

제품 C의 한계비용 = 32 - (1×10 + 6×0 + 6×3.33) = 2만원
제품의 한계비용 > 0 → 제품의 추가 생산하면 이익
제품의 한계비용 < 0 → 제품의 추가 생산하면 손해
제품의 한계비용 = 0 → 제품의 추가 생산 ?

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