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X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Phylogenetic Diagram 27 Tentative Phylogeny of the Protozoan-Like Eucaryotes Based on 18S rRNA Sequence Comparisons.
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Structure of an apicomplexan sporozoite.
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],flagellum.swf
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],Figure 27.2 Conjugation in  Paramecium caudatum,  Schematic Drawing.  Follow the arrows. After the conjugants separate, only one of the exconjugants is followed; however, a total of eight new protozoa result from the conjugation.
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PHYLUM:
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],1) SARCOMASTIGOPHORA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],1) SARCOMASTIGOPHORA  (lanjutan) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],1) SARCOMASTIGOPHORA  (lanjutan) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],1) SARCOMASTIGOPHORA  (lanjutan) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1) SARCOMASTIGOPHORA  (lanjutan) ,[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PHYLUM:
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],2)  LABYRINTHOMORPHA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PHYLUM:
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],3)  APICOMPLEXA ,[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],3)  APICOMPLEXA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],3) APICOMPLEXA  (lanjutan) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],3) APICOMPLEXA  (lanjutan)
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PHYLUM:
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],4)  MICROSPORA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PHYLUM:
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],5)  ACETOSPORA ,[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PHYLUM:
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],6)  MYXOZOA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PHYLUM:
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],7)  CILIOPHORA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],7)  CILIOPHORA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],7)  CILIOPHORA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
sekian ......
3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 X.  MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT ANGGOTA DUNIA MIKROBA 02. PENGGOLONGAN MIKROORGANISME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ECTOPLASM is the gelatinous cytoplasm just inside the plasma membrane; it provides some rigidity and shape  PELLICLE consists of the plasma membrane and the structures immediately beneath it  ENDOPLASM is the more fluid cytoplasm in the interior of the cell  The MICRONUCLEUS controls reproductive activities by sequestering genetic material for exchange during reproduction The MACRONUCLEUS is associated with trophic activities and regenerative processes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],9
Nuclear Division
Nuclear Division
Cytokinesis (Cytoplasmic Division) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cytokinesis
Schizogony ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Schizogony
Classification Eukaryotic Organisms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Protozoa ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Distribution of Protozoa ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Morphology of Protozoa ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Morphology of Protozoa
Morphology of Protozoa ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Protozoan Life Cycle
Nutrition of Protozoa ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Reproduction in Protozoa ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conjugation in  Paramecium
Ciliates ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Dinoflagellates ,[object Object]
Pfiesteria
Amoebae ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 

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2.E Protozoa

Editor's Notes

  1. Phylogenetic Diagram 27 Tentative Phylogeny of the Protozoan-Like Eucaryotes Based on 18S rRNA Sequence Comparisons. Recent molecular phylogeny of the nuclear SSU rRNA indicates that these eucaryotes are highly polyphyletic (protozoan groups are highlighted by different colors). Thus, like the algae, the protozoa do not represent a monophyletic group and the taxon “Protozoa” should not be used in classification schemes that seek to represent true molecular evolutionary histories. The word protozoa can still be used (as it is in this chapter) to denote a nonrelated polyphyletic group of eucaryotic organisms that share some morphological, reproductive, ecological, and biochemical characteristics