2. Business Writing Is…
It conveys information
Purposeful and solves problems.
Its goal is to make the
Persuasive audience accept the
message.
Economical
It is concise and doesn’t
waste the reader’s time.
Reader-oriented
It focuses on the
receiver, not the sender.
3. 3-x-3 Writing Process
Prewritin
Writing Revising
g
Analyze Research Edit
Anticipate Organize Proofread
Adapt Compose Evaluate
The writing process is recursive.
4. Scheduling the Writing Process
Prewritin
Writing Revising
g
about about about
25 percent 25 percent 45 percent
of time of time for revising,
5 percent
for proofing
Don’t mar your effort by
skimping on revising!
5. Do All Writers Follow the Same
Steps?
Writers have different
composition styles.
The order of writing steps
may vary.
The process is recursive, not
linear.
Collaboration and working
with a computer affect the
writing process.
6. Do Short Messages Require a
Writing Process?
The steps may be condensed or
performed rapidly, but good writers
consider them all.
7. Writing With Teams: Phase 1
Phase 1: Prewriting
Team members work closely to
determine
Prewriting purpose, audience, content, org
anization
Analyze
Anticipate
Adapt
8. Adapting to Task and Audience:
Spotlight audience
benefits.
The warranty starts working for
you immediately.
Cultivate the “you” view.
You will receive your order.
Your account is now open.
9. Developing Reader Benefits and
“You” View
Sender-Focused Receiver-Focused
We are requiring all staffers Please complete these
to complete these forms in forms so that you will be
compliance with company eligible for health and
policy. dental benefits.
Because we need more This two-for-one sale
space for our new makes it possible for you to
inventory, we are staging a buy a year’s supply of
two-for-one sale. paper but pay only for six
months’ worth.
10. Writing With Teams: Phase 2
Phase 2: Writing
Team members work
separately.
Writing
Research
Organize
Compose
12. Writing With Teams: Phase 3
Phase 3: Revising
Team members work together to
synthesize, but one person may
Revising do final proofreading.
Edit
Proofread
Evaluate
13. Writing Task:
Reasons Why High School Students
Choose OU
Step 1: Prewriting Step 2: Writing Step 3: Revising
Analyze Research Edit
Anticipate Organize Proofread
Adapt Compose Evaluate
• What is the purpose • Conduct informal Focus on:
of the writing? research 1. Word and content
• Who is the • Create an outline meaning
Audience? • Write – two 2. Grammar and
• What expectations are paragraphs for a mechanics
there for the writing? newsletter 3. Formatting
You decide! After Interview Edit, Evaluate
Collect Info/Data
Write
Editor's Notes
Business writing is purposeful, persuasive, economical and reader oriented.Purposeful: you will be writing to solve problems and convey information. You will have a definite purpose to fulfill in each message.Persuasive: you want your audience to believe and accept your message.Economical: you will try to present ideas clearly but concisely. Length is not rewarded.Reader oriented: you will concentrate on looking at a problem from the reader’s perspective instead of seeing it for your own.Remember business writers seek to express rather than impress.
Steps in the writing process may be rearranged, shortened, or repeated.When writing in teams:Remember, team-written documents are necessary for big projects that have short deadlines and that require the efforts of many people.Team-written documents and presentations produce better products.Teams generally work closely in Phase 1, work separately in Phase 2, and synthesize their drafts in Phase 3.
The third phase of the writing process is the most time consuming phase of the 3x3 writing process because it involves revising and proofreading your message. Revising means improving the content and sentence structure of your message. Proofreading involves correcting its grammar, spelling, punctuation, format, and mechanics. During phase 3, you will revise the message for clarity, conciseness, tone, and readability; proofread for correct spelling, grammar, punctuation, and format; and evaluate the message to see if accomplishes your goal.
Examples of using the writing process for a simple note to a formal report.
Identify the purposeWhy am I writing this message?What do I hope to achieve? Selecting the best channelHow important is the message?How much feedback is required?How fast is feedback needed?Is a permanent record necessary?How much can be spent?How formal is the message?
Formal Research Methods Informal Research Methods Collecting Information & Generating Ideas
Clarity Tone Conciseness Vigor & Directness ReadabilityWord and content meaningGrammar and mechanicsformattingHow successful will the message be?Does it say what you want it to?Will it achieve its purpose?How will you know whether it succeeds?
