The document discusses how art movements from the late 19th century to the 20th century captured major world events and technological advancements of the time. Specifically, it describes the impressionist and expressionist art movements which conveyed ideas and feelings in innovative ways using techniques like short brush strokes, pure unmixed colors, and everyday subjects painted outdoors. Examples of famous impressionist artworks mentioned include works by Monet, Manet, and Renoir, while expressionism emerged as a movement that further distorted subjects and applied unnatural colors.