European indoor athletics_effektanalyserapportEVINNslides
This document summarizes a study that tested a model for measuring the economic, social, cultural, and environmental impacts of the 2013 European Athletics Indoor Championship in Gothenburg, Sweden using a common monetary metric. The study found that when measured monetarily, socio-cultural impacts had a greater weight than economic impacts, while environmental impacts had little importance for the total assessment. The model demonstrated the possibility of producing a holistic sustainability impact analysis of a sports event in a uniform metric.
European indoor athletics_effektanalyserapportEVINNslides
This document summarizes a study that tested a model for measuring the economic, social, cultural, and environmental impacts of the 2013 European Athletics Indoor Championship in Gothenburg, Sweden using a common monetary metric. The study found that when measured monetarily, socio-cultural impacts had a greater weight than economic impacts, while environmental impacts had little importance for the total assessment. The model demonstrated the possibility of producing a holistic sustainability impact analysis of a sports event in a uniform metric.
Knaving björk designing for fun and play - evinnEVINNslides
This document discusses gamification and playfulness in design. It provides background on concepts like intrinsic/extrinsic motivation, play, games and fun. It discusses how gamification uses game elements in non-game contexts to motivate users. However, gamification risks undermining the main activity or intrinsic motivation if the game elements overshadow the original purpose. The document provides two guidelines for gamification design: 1) Ensure the game elements preserve focus on the main activities. 2) Consider designing for playfulness rather than just gaming.
This document summarizes a research article that examines the differences between two types of volunteers at major sporting events: regular sports volunteers affiliated with organized sports organizations, and first-time "pure event" volunteers without sports affiliations. It finds that regular sports volunteers tend to be older, male, have higher incomes, and are motivated more by intrinsic factors like sports interest and social motives. First-time volunteers tend to be younger, female, have lower incomes, and are motivated more by extrinsic factors like gaining qualifications and work experience. The study indicates these groups represent two different volunteer cultures - a traditional collective culture among regulars and a more modern reflexive culture among first-timers viewing events as opportunities for self-investment.
Volunteers at the 2013 indoor athletic...EVINNslides
This document summarizes a study on volunteers at the 2013 European Indoor Athletics Championships held in Gothenburg, Sweden. Around 800 volunteers were needed to carry out duties related to competition, accreditation, security, transportation, media, and more. A questionnaire was sent to volunteers to understand their opinions on the event organization and individual benefits of volunteering. The results showed that volunteers were generally satisfied with the organization and motivated both intrinsically and extrinsically. Motivation theory suggests volunteers are driven by both personal factors like fulfilling needs, and situational factors like rewards from the event organizers. Ensuring volunteer duties match personal motivations is key to retaining volunteers for future events.
The document describes DSB's "football guide" scheme in Denmark, which addresses problems caused by rowdy football fans on trains. Under the scheme, fans travel in separate coaches overseen by specially trained staff. The initiative began in 2008 when a DSB employee, Malene Friis, established dialogue with key fan groups to agree on an arrangement. Football guides are trained to deescalate conflicts and maintain order through respect, transparency and understanding of fan culture. Since implementing the scheme, costs from football-related damage have declined dramatically and train travel for matches is now well-organized and peaceful.
This document summarizes a training program developed in Denmark called "Event Policing Training" which was aimed at shifting the approach of police officers from a deterrence-based model to a more dialogue-based approach when policing large crowds like football matches or protests. The training was based on research showing that a confrontational police presence can increase tensions, while a balanced, differentiated response tailored to the actual risk level is viewed as more legitimate and can encourage self-policing among crowds. The program taught police to see crowds as made up of diverse groups rather than a single entity, and emphasized building understanding and communication over deterrence through force of numbers or equipment.
This document summarizes a study of Danish ultra soccer supporters belonging to Brøndby IF. It finds that while they engage in some risky behaviors like pyrotechnics use, they see themselves as nonviolent and respect limits of acceptable behavior. Their relationship with Brøndby IF is passionate yet critical, and they have good relationships with other supporter groups despite differences. Their relationship with police is distrustful as police are seen as often misjudging risk, though supporters want better dialogue. The national police strategy aims for more dialogue-based policing but supporters report inconsistent implementation.
Knaving björk designing for fun and play - evinnEVINNslides
This document discusses gamification and playfulness in design. It provides background on concepts like intrinsic/extrinsic motivation, play, games and fun. It discusses how gamification uses game elements in non-game contexts to motivate users. However, gamification risks undermining the main activity or intrinsic motivation if the game elements overshadow the original purpose. The document provides two guidelines for gamification design: 1) Ensure the game elements preserve focus on the main activities. 2) Consider designing for playfulness rather than just gaming.
This document summarizes a research article that examines the differences between two types of volunteers at major sporting events: regular sports volunteers affiliated with organized sports organizations, and first-time "pure event" volunteers without sports affiliations. It finds that regular sports volunteers tend to be older, male, have higher incomes, and are motivated more by intrinsic factors like sports interest and social motives. First-time volunteers tend to be younger, female, have lower incomes, and are motivated more by extrinsic factors like gaining qualifications and work experience. The study indicates these groups represent two different volunteer cultures - a traditional collective culture among regulars and a more modern reflexive culture among first-timers viewing events as opportunities for self-investment.
Volunteers at the 2013 indoor athletic...EVINNslides
This document summarizes a study on volunteers at the 2013 European Indoor Athletics Championships held in Gothenburg, Sweden. Around 800 volunteers were needed to carry out duties related to competition, accreditation, security, transportation, media, and more. A questionnaire was sent to volunteers to understand their opinions on the event organization and individual benefits of volunteering. The results showed that volunteers were generally satisfied with the organization and motivated both intrinsically and extrinsically. Motivation theory suggests volunteers are driven by both personal factors like fulfilling needs, and situational factors like rewards from the event organizers. Ensuring volunteer duties match personal motivations is key to retaining volunteers for future events.
The document describes DSB's "football guide" scheme in Denmark, which addresses problems caused by rowdy football fans on trains. Under the scheme, fans travel in separate coaches overseen by specially trained staff. The initiative began in 2008 when a DSB employee, Malene Friis, established dialogue with key fan groups to agree on an arrangement. Football guides are trained to deescalate conflicts and maintain order through respect, transparency and understanding of fan culture. Since implementing the scheme, costs from football-related damage have declined dramatically and train travel for matches is now well-organized and peaceful.
This document summarizes a training program developed in Denmark called "Event Policing Training" which was aimed at shifting the approach of police officers from a deterrence-based model to a more dialogue-based approach when policing large crowds like football matches or protests. The training was based on research showing that a confrontational police presence can increase tensions, while a balanced, differentiated response tailored to the actual risk level is viewed as more legitimate and can encourage self-policing among crowds. The program taught police to see crowds as made up of diverse groups rather than a single entity, and emphasized building understanding and communication over deterrence through force of numbers or equipment.
This document summarizes a study of Danish ultra soccer supporters belonging to Brøndby IF. It finds that while they engage in some risky behaviors like pyrotechnics use, they see themselves as nonviolent and respect limits of acceptable behavior. Their relationship with Brøndby IF is passionate yet critical, and they have good relationships with other supporter groups despite differences. Their relationship with police is distrustful as police are seen as often misjudging risk, though supporters want better dialogue. The national police strategy aims for more dialogue-based policing but supporters report inconsistent implementation.
4. Hvem er de: Demografi
Alder Alder
Gjennomsnittsalder 50 (1964)
N
<-49 år Født 1965 eller senere 316
50 år -> Født 1964 eller tidligere 367
Aldersgrupper
Totalt K M
70 år + 72 6 66
60-årene 165 45 116
50-årene 130 55 74
40-årene 119 48 70
30-årene 87 48 37
20-årene 106 70 36
Tenårene 4 3 0
•I spørreskjemaet var det ni respondenter som ikke besvarte om kjønn, dermed mangler det ni
personer i aldersgrupperingen med tanke på kjønn.
5. 140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Tenårene 20-årene 30-årene 40-årene 50-årene 60-årene 70 år +
Kvinne
Mann
Alderssammensetning og kjønn
6. Hvem er de: Kjønn og bosted
Kjønn Prosent N
Kvinner 40,2 275
Menn 58,3 399
Bosted
Oslo 54,6 374
Akershus 26,5 181
Annet 15,5 107
Utlandet* 2,3 16
*Sverige, Tyskland, USA, Finland, Polen, Danmark, Sveits m.f.
7. Hvem er de: Utdanning/yrke
Høyeste avsluttede utdanning N %
Grunnskole 26 3,8
Videregående skole 197 28,8
Høgskole/universitet 450 65,8
Yrkesstatus
Yrkesaktiv heltid 381 55,7
Alders- eller uførepensjonist 149 21,8
Skoleelev eller student 74 10,8
Yrkesaktiv deltid 44 6,4
Annet* 35 5
*Arbeidssøkende, sykmeldt, hjemmearbeidende, annet.
10. 16.7 17.5
35.8
24.1
19.4
4.8
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Ja, i idretten Ja, utenfor
idretten
Nei Ikke i dag, men
har tidligere hatt
lederverv i
idretten
Ikke i dag, men
jeg har tidligere
hatt lederverv
utenfor idretten
Nei, aldri
Lederverv i idretten
11. Medlemskap i idrettslag
31.4
30.1
22.7
16.8
3.7
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Tidligere medlem av
idrettslag
Ikke medlem i et
idrettslag
Medlem i et lag som
driver med ski
Medlem i et lag som
ikke holder på med
ski
Annet
12. Medlem i Skiforeningen
42.1
43.6
13.9
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Ikke medlem Medlem Nei, men har vært
13. 20.3
Tidligere arrangement
41.2
62.4
100
40.9
31.9
23
0
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
WC Nordisk 2008 Prøve VM 2010 VM på ski 2011 WC Nordisk 2014
Ja
Nei
14. Motiver for frivillig arbeid
3.97
3.43
2.83
2.53
3.95
1.4
3.31
3.76
3.39
3.96
2.64
Det er tradisjon i min familie å gjøre frivillig arbeid
Jeg kan gjøre noe konkret for saker som opptar meg
Jeg har venner som arbeider som frivillige
Som frivillig lærer jeg noe gjennom praktisk erfaring
Jeg kan lære mer om det jeg arbeider for
Jeg føler et sosialt press for å delta
Som frivillig blir jeg mer fornøyd med meg selv
Jeg kan få kontakter som kan hjelpe meg i arbeidslivet
Folk som står meg nær har oppfordret meg til å jobbe…
Det er bra å ha en attest (på CV) på at man har jobbet…
0 1 2 3 4 5
Jeg føler meg betydningsfull når jeg arbeider frivillig
15. 4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
<-49 år Født 1965 og senere
50 år -> Født 1964 og tidligere
Motivasjon
22. 4.42
4.25
4.18
4.42
4.21
3.98
4.39
4.5
4.4
4.3
4.2
4.1
4
3.9
3.8
3.7
Ledelsen fremsto
åpen og
inkluderende
Ledelsen ga
klare beskjeder
Ledelsen ga meg
tilstrekkelig
informasjon før
arrangementet
Ledelsen var
entusiatisk
Ledelsen lyttet til
forslag og innspill
fra oss frivillige
Ledelsen ga meg
inspirasjon
Ledelsen for
seksjonen bør
være den
samme på WC
2015
Om ledelsen i seksjonen
23. 4.70
4.50
4.30
4.10
3.90
3.70
3.50
Ledelsen
fremsto åpen
og
inkluderende
Ledelsen ga
klare beskjeder
Ledelsen ga
meg
tilstrekkelig
informasjon før
arrangementet
Ledelsen var
entusiastisk
Ledelsen lyttet
til forslag og
innspill fra oss
frivillige
Ledelsen ga
meg
inspirasjon
Ledelsen for
seksjonen bør
være den
samme på
World Cup i
2015
Tilfredshet med sek.ledelse
WC Skiskyting WC Lhmr 2013 WC Nordisk 2014
24. 3.84
4.07 4
4.21
3.83
4.4
4.5
4.56
4.51
4.59
4.46 4.53 4.55
4
4.64 4.65
4.55
4.58
5
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Oslo
Maraton
2011
Birken ritt
2011
Ski VM Oslo
2011
WC Nordisk
Oslo 2012
VM
Snowboard
2012
VM
Skiflyvning
2012
NM Nordisk
Voss 2012
WC
Skiskyting
2014
WC Nordisk
2014
Oppfatning av samarbeid
Vanlige funksjonærers oppfatning av samarbeid med (sek)ledere
Leders oppfatning av samarbeid med vanlige funksjonærer
25. Totalvurdering av opplevelsen
som frivillig
1.2 0.9
6.7
54.1 37
Svært lite fornøyd
Lite fornøyd
Passe
Godt fornøyd
Svært godt fornøyd
Gjennomsnitt på skala fra 1-5: 4,42 for alle, 4,48 for kvinner og 4,38 mann