Slide show lacking audio presentation showing basic coal quality parameters that can impact coal combustion like slag. You can find more coal info at: http://www.coalcombustion.com/publications.html These slides show both fresh water and salt water depsitional environments, and how they can impact coal quality. Both pyrites and chlorides can increase in the saltwater environment.

1. Contacts:
859-873-0188
rod_hatt@coalcombustion.com
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Member:
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
American Chemical Society
Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration
North Carolina Coal Institute

5. This is where coal comes from.

6. Terms
Proximate
means
Approximate

7. Proximate
Moisture
Ash
Volatile - important to smoke
Fixed Carbon (by Difference)

8. High Volatile Coal

9. Denbigh - 1863 Blockade runner
fueled with low volatile
Did captain use approximate test?

10. Terms
As Received
Air Dry Basis or As determined
ADB – Totally useless (lab sample)
Dry Basis, DB
Moisture Ash Free, MAF
Moisture Mineral Matter Free, MMMF
Dry Ash Free, DAF

12. Coal Swamps and Rain Forest

24. Pyritic
FeS2
sulfur is attached
to iron in
fool’s gold

25. FeS2

26. Large sulfur balls
can be washed
out or rejected
by pulverizers
50 microns
Small framboids
(raspberries)
of pyrite are mixed in
with the coal

27. Cleat
pyrite
has to
be
ground up

28. FeS2 H2S + FeO
Chemistry Issues
High Sulfur Coal
Corrosion and Slag
Low NOx
Poor Fineness

29. Sulfur & FeS2 SO2 + SO3
SO3 + NH3
Air Heater Pluggage
Chemistry Issues

32. Chemistry Issues
Cl HCl + H2O
Cl- = Soluble Chlorides
Scrubber Blowdown
Ponds Release

33. Measuring Coal Quality
Standards-ASTM
only produces
average data
Power plants respond to
swings in quality

36. One step over the line...

40. Why are we using fusion temperatures?
Test for stoker type boilers
No mineralogical data
Not the same reactions for all coals

45. Pulverizer
Capacity
HGI
Btu/lb
Moisture
Inlet Coal Size
Pulverized
Coal Size

48. Coal Combustion
48

49. Coal Combustion
49

53. Thank you!