Randomness evaluation framework of cryptographic algorithmsijcisjournal
Nowadays, computer systems are developing very rapidly and become more and more complex, which
leads to the necessity to provide security for them. This paper is intended to present software for testing
and evaluating cryptographic algorithms. When evaluating block and stream ciphers one of the most basic
property expected from them is to pass statistical randomness testing, demonstrating in this way their
suitability to be random number generators. The primary goal of this paper is to propose a new framework
to evaluate the randomness of cryptographic algorithms: based only on a .dll file which offers access to the
encryption function, the decryption function and the key schedule function of the cipher that has to be tested
(block cipher or stream cipher), the application evaluates the randomness and provides an interpretation of
the results. For this, all nine tests used for evaluation of AES candidate block ciphers and three NIST
statistical tests are applied to the algorithm being tested. In this paper, we have evaluated Tiny Encryption
Algorithm (block cipher), Camellia (block cipher) and LEX (stream cipher) to determine if they pass
statistical randomness testing.
Global stabilization of a class of nonlinear system based on reduced order st...ijcisjournal
The problem of global stabilization for a class of nonlinear system is considered in this paper.The sufficient
condition of the global stabilization of this class of system is obtained by deducing thestabilization of itself
from the stabilization of its subsystems. This paper will come up with a designmethod of state feedback
control law to make this class of nonlinear system stable, and indicate the efficiency of the conclusion of
this paper via a series of examples and simulations at the end. Theresults presented in this paper improve
and generalize the corresponding results of recent works.
Randomness evaluation framework of cryptographic algorithmsijcisjournal
Nowadays, computer systems are developing very rapidly and become more and more complex, which
leads to the necessity to provide security for them. This paper is intended to present software for testing
and evaluating cryptographic algorithms. When evaluating block and stream ciphers one of the most basic
property expected from them is to pass statistical randomness testing, demonstrating in this way their
suitability to be random number generators. The primary goal of this paper is to propose a new framework
to evaluate the randomness of cryptographic algorithms: based only on a .dll file which offers access to the
encryption function, the decryption function and the key schedule function of the cipher that has to be tested
(block cipher or stream cipher), the application evaluates the randomness and provides an interpretation of
the results. For this, all nine tests used for evaluation of AES candidate block ciphers and three NIST
statistical tests are applied to the algorithm being tested. In this paper, we have evaluated Tiny Encryption
Algorithm (block cipher), Camellia (block cipher) and LEX (stream cipher) to determine if they pass
statistical randomness testing.
Global stabilization of a class of nonlinear system based on reduced order st...ijcisjournal
The problem of global stabilization for a class of nonlinear system is considered in this paper.The sufficient
condition of the global stabilization of this class of system is obtained by deducing thestabilization of itself
from the stabilization of its subsystems. This paper will come up with a designmethod of state feedback
control law to make this class of nonlinear system stable, and indicate the efficiency of the conclusion of
this paper via a series of examples and simulations at the end. Theresults presented in this paper improve
and generalize the corresponding results of recent works.
Empowering the Unbanked: The Vital Role of NBFCs in Promoting Financial Inclu...Vighnesh Shashtri
In India, financial inclusion remains a critical challenge, with a significant portion of the population still unbanked. Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) have emerged as key players in bridging this gap by providing financial services to those often overlooked by traditional banking institutions. This article delves into how NBFCs are fostering financial inclusion and empowering the unbanked.
The secret way to sell pi coins effortlessly.DOT TECH
Well as we all know pi isn't launched yet. But you can still sell your pi coins effortlessly because some whales in China are interested in holding massive pi coins. And they are willing to pay good money for it. If you are interested in selling I will leave a contact for you. Just telegram this number below. I sold about 3000 pi coins to him and he paid me immediately.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.DOT TECH
Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate.
Pi is not launched yet on any exchange. But one can easily sell his or her pi coins to investors who want to hold pi till mainnet launch.
This means crypto whales want to hold pi. And you can get a good rate for selling pi to them. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor below.
A vendor is someone who buys from a miner and resell it to a holder or crypto whale.
Here is the telegram contact of my vendor:
@Pi_vendor_247
How to get verified on Coinbase Account?_.docxBuy bitget
t's important to note that buying verified Coinbase accounts is not recommended and may violate Coinbase's terms of service. Instead of searching to "buy verified Coinbase accounts," follow the proper steps to verify your own account to ensure compliance and security.
Even tho Pi network is not listed on any exchange yet.
Buying/Selling or investing in pi network coins is highly possible through the help of vendors. You can buy from vendors[ buy directly from the pi network miners and resell it]. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
where can I find a legit pi merchant onlineDOT TECH
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with
@Pi_vendor_247
What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
So if you are interested in selling your pi network coins at a high rate tho. Or you can't wait till the mainnet launch in 2026. You can easily trade your pi coins with a merchant.
A merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive quantities till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
Financial Assets: Debit vs Equity Securities.pptxWrito-Finance
financial assets represent claim for future benefit or cash. Financial assets are formed by establishing contracts between participants. These financial assets are used for collection of huge amounts of money for business purposes.
Two major Types: Debt Securities and Equity Securities.
Debt Securities are Also known as fixed-income securities or instruments. The type of assets is formed by establishing contracts between investor and issuer of the asset.
• The first type of Debit securities is BONDS. Bonds are issued by corporations and government (both local and national government).
• The second important type of Debit security is NOTES. Apart from similarities associated with notes and bonds, notes have shorter term maturity.
• The 3rd important type of Debit security is TRESURY BILLS. These securities have short-term ranging from three months, six months, and one year. Issuer of such securities are governments.
• Above discussed debit securities are mostly issued by governments and corporations. CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSITS CDs are issued by Banks and Financial Institutions. Risk factor associated with CDs gets reduced when issued by reputable institutions or Banks.
Following are the risk attached with debt securities: Credit risk, interest rate risk and currency risk
There are no fixed maturity dates in such securities, and asset’s value is determined by company’s performance. There are two major types of equity securities: common stock and preferred stock.
Common Stock: These are simple equity securities and bear no complexities which the preferred stock bears. Holders of such securities or instrument have the voting rights when it comes to select the company’s board of director or the business decisions to be made.
Preferred Stock: Preferred stocks are sometime referred to as hybrid securities, because it contains elements of both debit security and equity security. Preferred stock confers ownership rights to security holder that is why it is equity instrument
<a href="https://www.writofinance.com/equity-securities-features-types-risk/" >Equity securities </a> as a whole is used for capital funding for companies. Companies have multiple expenses to cover. Potential growth of company is required in competitive market. So, these securities are used for capital generation, and then uses it for company’s growth.
Concluding remarks
Both are employed in business. Businesses are often established through debit securities, then what is the need for equity securities. Companies have to cover multiple expenses and expansion of business. They can also use equity instruments for repayment of debits. So, there are multiple uses for securities. As an investor, you need tools for analysis. Investment decisions are made by carefully analyzing the market. For better analysis of the stock market, investors often employ financial analysis of companies.
how to sell pi coins in South Korea profitably.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network coins in South Korea or any other country, by finding a verified pi merchant
What is a verified pi merchant?
Since pi network is not launched yet on any exchange, the only way you can sell pi coins is by selling to a verified pi merchant, and this is because pi network is not launched yet on any exchange and no pre-sale or ico offerings Is done on pi.
Since there is no pre-sale, the only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners. So a pi merchant facilitates these transactions by acting as a bridge for both transactions.
How can i find a pi vendor/merchant?
Well for those who haven't traded with a pi merchant or who don't already have one. I will leave the telegram id of my personal pi merchant who i trade pi with.
Tele gram: @Pi_vendor_247
#pi #sell #nigeria #pinetwork #picoins #sellpi #Nigerian #tradepi #pinetworkcoins #sellmypi
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
Because the core team has announced that pi network will not be doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges like huobi, bitmart and hotbit can get pi is by buying from miners.
Now a merchant stands in between these exchanges and the miners. As a link to make transactions smooth. Because right now in the enclosed mainnet you can't sell pi coins your self. You need the help of a merchant,
i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)
1st_qrt_2001
1. Huntingdon Valley, PA 19006-4298
A Letter to our Shareholders:
E N D E D JA N U A R Y 31 , 20 01
FOR THE THREE MONTHS
FIRST QUARTER REPORT
The Montilla at The Vistas At Cimarron Ridge, Scottsdale, AZ
1st Quarter Report
3103 Philmont Avenue
We are pleased to once again report record results In light of the steady flow of negative economic
across the board. Our record first quarter earnings news, we are quite pleased with our level of buyer
rose 78% compared to first quarter 2000 and our interest. We believe demand is being fueled, in part,
record revenues increased 38%. Most significantly in by the strong demographics supporting the luxury
these times of sobering economic news and market. There are now over 12.8 million affluent
forecasts, we produced our fortieth consecutive households, the fastest growing income group among
quarterly year-over-year record for contracts signed, all U.S. households, as well as waves of maturing baby
up 14%, and a record first quarter backlog, up 27%, boomers entering their move-up and empty-nester
compared to one year ago. years. Our active-adult communities are also
prospering, thanks to the special brand we have
These results and our track record of over 20%
created in the luxury market.
compound average annual growth in earnings and
revenues during the past decade reflect the The combination of lot supply shortages and healthy
success of our strategy of focusing on the luxury demographics-driven demand is putting upward
market as we've built our brand name reputation pressure on home prices. This is greatly benefiting
to become the nation’s leading builder of luxury Toll Brothers’ business as reflected in our increasing
homes. With our excellent management team, we profit margins and average selling prices.
have pursued a program of geographic expansion
In the past two months, we have opened a number
and product diversification within the luxury
of new communities that had been delayed due to
market that has increased our growth and earnings
slow-growth politics. The strong reception they
potential dramatically.
received suggests that there remains significant pent-
Record first quarter 2001 net income was $39.9 up demand for luxury homes.
million ($1.01 per share diluted). Record first
At Dominion Valley Country Club, our new 2,800-
quarter revenues were $475.3 million and the
home Arnold Palmer Golf Course community in
average price of homes delivered rose 13% to
Prince William County, Virginia, potential buyers
$472,000. Record first quarter signed contracts
camped out for two days to reserve one of the 52
totaled $448.0 million as the average home price of
homes available in our first section. Within eight
contracts signed rose 12% to $507,000. The
hours of opening the community, all 52 were taken.
Company’s record backlog at first quarter-end rose
At Regency at Monroe, our new 850-home active-
to $1.42 billion with the average price of homes in
adult community in Central New Jersey, we had a
backlog increasing 15% to $531,000.
similar experience, taking 50 deposits on the day we
Our record first quarter results presage strong opened. In both communities buyers were
earnings growth and another record year in 2001. undeterred even as we continued to raise prices
During 2001 we plan to increase the number of our throughout the day.
selling communities to approximately 160 compared
As we enter the spring selling season with cautious
to 146 at fiscal year end 2000. We believe this
optimism, we are inspired by the diligence and
expansion, coupled with continued buyer interest,
determination of our Toll Brothers’ associates. We
year-over-year backlog growth and increased
thank them, our shareholders and our home owners
production from our highly amenitized master
for their continued support and confidence.
planned golf course and lake side communities,
should make 2002 a record year as well.
Slow growth politics is limiting the supply of
building lots in affluent markets as securing land
Robert I. Toll Bruce E. Toll
approvals becomes more and more difficult. This
Chairman of the Board Vice Chairman
increase in regulatory oversight is negatively
and Chief Executive Officer of the Board
impacting those builders without the capital and
capabilities to persevere through long and complex
First-Class Mail
approval requirements. With our financial strength,
PAID
U.S. Postage
land approval and development expertise and
CMSS
Zvi Barzilay
roughly 36,000 home sites under control, we
President and Chief Operating Officer
expect to continue to prosper in this growth-
February 27, 2001
restricted environment.
2. Corporate Profile Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data) (Amounts in thousands)
Toll Brothers, Inc. is the nation’s leading builder and sales, security, landscape, cable T.V. and
(Unaudited)
of luxury homes. With fiscal 2000’s record broadband Internet delivery service. The
Jan. 31, 2001 Oct. 31, 2000
earnings of $146 million on record revenues of Company also operates its own lumber Three Months
(Unaudited)
$1.81 billion, the Company completed its eighth distribution, and house component assembly Ended January 31 ASSETS
consecutive year of record earnings, its ninth and manufacturing operations. The Company 2001 2000 Cash and cash equivalents $ 229,451 $ 161,860
Revenues:
consecutive year of record revenues and year- acquires and develops commercial properties Residential inventories 1,846,120 1,712,383
Housing sales $ 458,369 $ 334,220
end backlog, and its tenth consecutive year of through its affiliate,Toll Brothers Realty Trust. Property, construction and office equipment 26,150 24,075
Land sales 10,907 9,025
record signed contracts. Toll Brothers currently operates over 145 Receivables, prepaid expenses and other assets 122,811 113,025
Equity earnings in unconsolidated joint venture 2,386
Toll Brothers began business in 1967 and is selling communities in 20 states: Arizona, Investments in unconsolidated entities 17,403 18,911
Interest and other 3,599 1,306
listed on the New York Stock Exchange and the California, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, $2,241,935 $2, 030,254
475,261 344,551
Pacific Exchange under the symbol “TOL”. The Illinois, Massachusetts, Maryland, Michigan, New Costs and expenses:
Company builds customized single-family and Hampshire, New Jersey, Nevada, New York, Housing sales 344,813 257,794 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
attached homes, principally on land it develops North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Land sales 8,540 7,039 Liabilities:
and improves, for move-up and empty-nester Island,Tennessee,Texas, and Virginia. Selling, general and administrative 46,949 35,457 Loans payable $ 327,389 $ 326,537
buyers in six regions of the country. The Interest 11,764 8,933
Toll Brothers is the only public home builder to Subordinated notes 669,520 469,499
Company is developing country club, golf course have won all three of the industry’s highest 412,066 309,223 Customer deposits on sales contracts 105,527 104,924
communities in seven states and has active- honors: America’s Best Builder from the Accounts payable 85,324 110,927
adult, age-qualified communities in Michigan, National Association of Home Builders, the Income before income taxes 63,195 35,328 Accrued expenses 183,051 185,141
New Jersey, Connecticut, and Virginia. The National Housing Quality Award and Income taxes payable 69,290 88,081
Income taxes 23,270 12,935
Company operates its own architectural, Builder of the Year. For more information visit Total liabilities 1,440,101 1,285,109
Net Income $ 39,925 $ 22,393
engineering, mortgage, title, land development www.tollbrothers.com.
Earnings per share Stockholders’ equity:
$1.01 $475.3
Basic $ 1.10 $ .61 Common stock 365 359
Income Per Total Revenues
Diluted $ 1.01 $ .61 Additional paid-in capital 108,786 105,454
(in millions)
Share (Diluted)
Retained earnings 708,533 668,608
Weighted average number of shares
$344.6 Treasury stock (15,850) (29,276)
Basic 36,163 36,471
Total stockholders’ equity 801,834 745,145
Diluted 39,415 36,909
$.61
$272.9
$2,241,935 $2,030,254
$244.7
$.46
$.44 $202.5
$.39
Housing Data Toll Brothers, Inc. Investor Relations
2001 2000
(Three months ended January 31) Corporate Office Frederick N. Cooper – 215-938-8312
3103 Philmont Avenue Vice President - Finance
Number of homes closed 971 799
Huntingdon Valley, PA 19006 fcooper@tollbrothersinc.com
Sales value of homes closed (in 000’s) $ 458,369 $ 334,220
215-938-8000
Number of homes contracted* 883 864 Joseph R. Sicree – 215-938-8045
www.tollbrothers.com
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Vice President - Chief Accounting Officer
Sales value of homes contracted* (in 000’s) $ 447,998 $ 391,578 NYSE – “TOL”
Three Months Ended January 31 Three Months Ended January 31
jsicree@tollbrothersinc.com
Before Extraordinary Item Number of homes in backlog* 2,678 2,431
Sales value of homes in backlog* (in 000’s) $1,420,932 $ 1,121,599
$448 $1,421
Contracts Backlog
(in millions) (in millions)
$392
*Contract totals for the three month period ended January 31, 2001 and 2000 include $4,333,000 (15 homes) and
$1,122
$4,759,000 (18 homes), respectively, from an unconsolidated 50% owned joint venture. Backlog as of January 31, 2001
$309 and 2000 includes $10,116,000 (35 homes) and $15,067,000 (57 homes), respectively, from this joint venture.
Statement on Forward-looking Information
$270 $853
Certain information included herein and in other Company reports, SEC filings, statements and presentations is forward-
looking within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including, but not limited to, statements
$665
concerning the Company’s anticipated operating results, financial resources, increases in revenues, increased profitability,
$174
interest expense, growth and expansion, ability to acquire land, ability to sell homes and properties, ability to deliver homes
$498
from backlog, ability to secure materials and subcontractors and stock market valuations. Such forward-looking informa-
tion involves important risks and uncertainties that could significantly affect actual results and cause them to differ mate-
rially from expectations expressed herein and in other Company reports, SEC filings, statements and presentations. These
risks and uncertainties include local, regional and national economic conditions, the effect of governmental regulation, the
competitive environment in which the Company operates, fluctuations in interest rates, changes in home prices, the avail-
ability and cost of land for future growth, the availability of capital, fluctuations in the capital and securities markets, the
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
availability and cost of labor and materials, and weather conditions.
Three Months Ended January 31 At January 31