The First Amendment to the US Constitution protects several fundamental civil liberties, including freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, the right to peaceably assemble, and the right to petition the government. Specifically, it prohibits the government from establishing an official religion or restricting individuals' free exercise of religion. It also protects other basic freedoms like freedom of expression through speech and media as well as the rights to assemble and bring grievances to the government through petitions.