This study explored the relationship between different functions of Internet use (social, informational, leisure, emotional) and indicators of Internet addiction among 76 college students in Taiwan. The study found that social function was significantly correlated with all measures of Internet addiction, including compulsive use, withdrawal, tolerance, time management problems, and interpersonal/health problems. Informational function was also correlated with interpersonal/health problems. Males reported longer Internet use and more problems with time management and interpersonal relationships than females. The findings suggest that social function plays a central role in the development of addictive behaviors related to Internet use.
This document summarizes a study that examined factors affecting internet dependency levels in 754 Turkish students. The study used the Internet Dependency Scale to measure dependency levels and analyzed various personal factors as independent variables using Classification Tree and CHAID analysis methods. Both methods found that the primary purpose for internet use and daily hours spent online were the most meaningful factors affecting dependency levels. The Classification Tree method also found gender, family income, and father's education level to be meaningful factors.
This document provides an overview of research on internet addiction. It discusses prevalence rates across different countries, proposed diagnostic criteria, methods of measuring internet addiction, associations between internet addiction and sleep issues/social intelligence/other disorders, and approaches to treating internet addiction such as cognitive behavioral therapy. Useful journals, experts, videos, and web resources on this topic are also referenced.
Internet Addiction & Psychopathology (Recent Advances in Psychiatry)Dr Nikhil Gupta
Journal Club presentation on Recent advances in Internet Addiction, evolution, nomenclature, prevalence, associated psychopathology, strategies, interventions.
1. The study investigated the relationship between internet addiction and psychosocial risks like depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness among 1052 Iranian adolescents and young adults.
2. Structural equation modeling showed that internet addiction predicts higher levels of stress, depression, anxiety, and loneliness. It also found that males are at higher risk of internet addiction than females.
3. Male internet addicts reported significantly higher levels of depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness than female internet addicts. The findings provide insight into how internet addiction relates to psychological well-being in Iranian youth.
A Systematic Review Of Literature On Effect Of Internet Addiction In AdolescentsSteven Wallach
This document summarizes several studies that have examined the effects of internet addiction on adolescents. Some key findings include:
- Excessive internet use has been associated with negative impacts on adolescents' psychological health, social relationships, daily routines, and academic performance.
- Factors like easy access to the internet, lack of communication with family, impulsivity, and novelty-seeking behaviors can contribute to internet addiction in adolescents.
- Studies have found higher rates of depression, social anxiety, and loneliness among adolescents who are addicted to internet use compared to their non-addicted peers. Excessive internet use has also been linked to physical health issues in some adolescents.
A STUDY OF INTERNET ADDICTION AMONG STUDENTS OF SEKOLAHStephen Faucher
This study examines internet addiction among students at Sekolah Menengah Jenis Kebangsaan Pei Yuan in Kampar, Perak, Malaysia. 120 students participated in the study by completing the Internet Addiction Test. The study found a moderate level of internet addiction overall with significant gender differences, with males showing higher addiction than females. No significant association was found between addiction levels of lower versus upper secondary students. The study recommends increased awareness of internet addiction risks to prevent issues from worsening.
Internet addiction has characteristics of both substance abuse disorder and impulse control disorder. It is defined as persistent and recurrent maladaptive excessive internet use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress. Symptoms include preoccupation with the internet, withdrawal symptoms when not online, unsuccessful attempts to control internet use, and jeopardizing relationships, education, or careers due to internet use. While not officially recognized, internet addiction criteria borrow from substance abuse disorder and impulse control disorder criteria and it should continue to be studied to establish a clear definition.
This study examined internet abuse among Turkish teenagers and its relationship to internet usage patterns and demographics. The researchers collected data via questionnaire from 1380 high school students. They found that a small portion were considered internet abusers experiencing severe problems, while one fourth experienced occasional problems. Excessive use, tolerance, preoccupation, and using the internet to escape negative feelings were the most common symptoms of disturbed online behavior. Internet abuse differed based on gender, perceived academic achievement, frequency of use, place of use, and purpose of use, but not socioeconomic status or type of school.
This document summarizes a study that examined factors affecting internet dependency levels in 754 Turkish students. The study used the Internet Dependency Scale to measure dependency levels and analyzed various personal factors as independent variables using Classification Tree and CHAID analysis methods. Both methods found that the primary purpose for internet use and daily hours spent online were the most meaningful factors affecting dependency levels. The Classification Tree method also found gender, family income, and father's education level to be meaningful factors.
This document provides an overview of research on internet addiction. It discusses prevalence rates across different countries, proposed diagnostic criteria, methods of measuring internet addiction, associations between internet addiction and sleep issues/social intelligence/other disorders, and approaches to treating internet addiction such as cognitive behavioral therapy. Useful journals, experts, videos, and web resources on this topic are also referenced.
Internet Addiction & Psychopathology (Recent Advances in Psychiatry)Dr Nikhil Gupta
Journal Club presentation on Recent advances in Internet Addiction, evolution, nomenclature, prevalence, associated psychopathology, strategies, interventions.
1. The study investigated the relationship between internet addiction and psychosocial risks like depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness among 1052 Iranian adolescents and young adults.
2. Structural equation modeling showed that internet addiction predicts higher levels of stress, depression, anxiety, and loneliness. It also found that males are at higher risk of internet addiction than females.
3. Male internet addicts reported significantly higher levels of depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness than female internet addicts. The findings provide insight into how internet addiction relates to psychological well-being in Iranian youth.
A Systematic Review Of Literature On Effect Of Internet Addiction In AdolescentsSteven Wallach
This document summarizes several studies that have examined the effects of internet addiction on adolescents. Some key findings include:
- Excessive internet use has been associated with negative impacts on adolescents' psychological health, social relationships, daily routines, and academic performance.
- Factors like easy access to the internet, lack of communication with family, impulsivity, and novelty-seeking behaviors can contribute to internet addiction in adolescents.
- Studies have found higher rates of depression, social anxiety, and loneliness among adolescents who are addicted to internet use compared to their non-addicted peers. Excessive internet use has also been linked to physical health issues in some adolescents.
A STUDY OF INTERNET ADDICTION AMONG STUDENTS OF SEKOLAHStephen Faucher
This study examines internet addiction among students at Sekolah Menengah Jenis Kebangsaan Pei Yuan in Kampar, Perak, Malaysia. 120 students participated in the study by completing the Internet Addiction Test. The study found a moderate level of internet addiction overall with significant gender differences, with males showing higher addiction than females. No significant association was found between addiction levels of lower versus upper secondary students. The study recommends increased awareness of internet addiction risks to prevent issues from worsening.
Internet addiction has characteristics of both substance abuse disorder and impulse control disorder. It is defined as persistent and recurrent maladaptive excessive internet use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress. Symptoms include preoccupation with the internet, withdrawal symptoms when not online, unsuccessful attempts to control internet use, and jeopardizing relationships, education, or careers due to internet use. While not officially recognized, internet addiction criteria borrow from substance abuse disorder and impulse control disorder criteria and it should continue to be studied to establish a clear definition.
This study examined internet abuse among Turkish teenagers and its relationship to internet usage patterns and demographics. The researchers collected data via questionnaire from 1380 high school students. They found that a small portion were considered internet abusers experiencing severe problems, while one fourth experienced occasional problems. Excessive use, tolerance, preoccupation, and using the internet to escape negative feelings were the most common symptoms of disturbed online behavior. Internet abuse differed based on gender, perceived academic achievement, frequency of use, place of use, and purpose of use, but not socioeconomic status or type of school.
1) The document analyzes internet addiction levels of individuals according to various variables based on a survey of 596 people in Kırşehir, Turkey.
2) It finds that most individuals had low levels of internet addiction according to age groups, gender, and profession, though students and those under age 19 tended to have higher addiction levels.
3) Males generally had higher internet addiction scores than females, and scores differed significantly between those aged 19 and below versus older age groups.
This summary provides the key points about a new treatment model called CBT-IA (cognitive behavioral therapy for internet addiction):
1) CBT-IA is a three-phase treatment model that applies cognitive behavioral therapy and harm reduction therapy to treat internet addiction.
2) The first phase uses behavior modification to gradually decrease the amount of time spent online and remove triggers for excessive internet use.
3) The second phase involves cognitive therapy to address denial and combat rationalizations for excessive internet use by challenging cognitive distortions.
4) The third phase applies harm reduction therapy to identify and treat any co-occurring psychiatric issues or relationship problems contributing to internet addiction.
This document summarizes several studies on user behavior and motivation in digital systems:
1. One study examined adolescent engagement with the internet and found they engage in self-socialization online to construct their own roles and gain freedom from offline constraints.
2. Another study found people highly identify with online social groups like game communities, almost as much as with their families.
3. A study linked social comparison and rumination on Facebook to increased depressive symptoms over time.
4. One study correlated the amount of physical space people have at home to their level of online socialization.
5. A final study found personality traits like conscientiousness correlated with concerns over privacy and internet addiction, making some
This document summarizes a study that examined the relationship between social media addiction and school adjustment among undergraduate students at Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, Nigeria. The study found a significant inverse relationship between social media addiction and school adjustment, indicating that higher social media addiction is associated with lower school adjustment. It also found that female students had significantly higher levels of social media addiction than male students, while male students had significantly higher school adjustment than female students. The study concluded that excessive social media use can negatively impact students' school adjustment.
This document discusses determinants of internet media abuse in the workplace. It begins by introducing the problem of internet abuse and outlines the research objectives and questions. The hypotheses aim to examine relationships between attitudes, perceived behavioral controls, subjective norms and internet media abuse. A literature review covers factors influencing abuse like internet addiction, job satisfaction and workplace policies. The research design is described as descriptive and quantitative, using a questionnaire to collect data on internet usage behaviors from civil servants. Preliminary findings analyze sample characteristics and factors influencing attitudes toward abuse. In conclusion, the study aims to understand what drives internet media abuse in organizations.
A correlative study to assess the internet addiction and psychopathologies am...iosrjce
With the advancement in media and technologies internet has emerged as an effective tool in
eliminating human geographical barriers. However, excessive use of theInternet has resulted in negative
consequences especially among the regular users labeling it as an addiction. The objectives of the study were to
assess the prevalence of internet addiction and find a correlation between internet addiction and
psychopathologies among university students.A descriptive survey approach with cross sectional design was
adopted for the study. 264 students were selected by convenient sampling technique from the different colleges
of various streams like medicine, dental, nursing, pharmacology and agriculture, who are undergoing
graduation and fulfilling the sampling criteria. The data collection instruments used were Internet addiction test
(IAT) and Duke Health profile tool to assess the data. This study reveals that according to IAT score 85.5%
were normal & 14.5% were abnormal in 1st year, 95% were normal & 5% were abnormal in 2nd year ,68.9%
were normal & 31.1% were abnormal in 3rd year ,10.7% were normal & 89.2% were abnormal 56.2% normal
in 4th year.Study also shows IAT score among various disciplines, 69.2% were normal and 30.8% were
abnormal in medical college, 68% were normal and 32% were abnormal in nursing college, 50.5% were
normal and 49.5% were abnormal in pharmacology college, 57.5% were normal and 42.5% were abnormal in
dental college, 65.6% were normal and 34.4% were abnormal in agriculture college. Further it was observed
through the analysis that there is no statistically significant correlation between IAT score and
psychopathologies.
Running head SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT1SOCIAL MED.docxjeanettehully
Running head: SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 1
SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 13
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Nisha Cunningham
Felician University
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Annotated Bibliography
Best, P., Manktelowa, R., & Taylor, B. (2014). Online communication, social media, and adolescent wellbeing: A systematic narrative review. Children and Youth Services Review, 27-36.
The article looks into the growing debate about the effects of online social technologies on children and teenagers. Through an in-depth analysis of empirical research, the authors identify both the benefits and harmful effects of social media on young people. The article gives recommendations on how to minimize adverse impacts and increase the positive effects of social media.
Loureiro, K., Solnet, D., Bolton, R. P., Hoefnagels, A., Migchels, N., & Kabadayi, S. (2013). Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management, 245-267.
Social media use has several implications for young people. This article refers to today's younger generation as Generation Y. The authors collect information to show the effects of social media on society, organizations, and individuals. Several research questions are derived to explain social media use in a better way.
Hutter, K., Hautz, J., Dennhardt, S., & Füller, J. (2013). The impact of user interactions in social media on brand awareness and purchase intention: the case of MINI on Facebook. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 342-351.
The article analyzes how social media influences the purchase of products. Through an online survey, the authors indicate how individuals can be talked into buying products over the internet. The authors use a mixed-method research method to show how social media has influenced the marketing of products.
Schwendler, I. L., & Trude, A. (2018). Implementation of Text-Messaging and Social Media Strategies in a Multilevel Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Process Evaluation Results. The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 187-198.
Social media has been highly attributed to the increase in obesity in young children. Children are spending more time on social media platforms. Physical exercise has dramatically reduced as more children embrace social media and their major entertainment. The article reviews the use of social media in both increasing and lowering obesity prevalence.
Lewin, C., & Greenhow, C. (2016). Social media and education: reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learning. Journal of Learning, Media and Technology, 6-30.
Social media has several effects on society. Some people have argued that social media has the potential of creating a bridge between formal and informal learning. Social media affects learning at both levels. This article analyzes the use of ...
Running head SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT1SOCIAL MED.docxinfantkimber
Running head: SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 1
SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 13
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Nisha Cunningham
Felician University
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Annotated Bibliography
Best, P., Manktelowa, R., & Taylor, B. (2014). Online communication, social media, and adolescent wellbeing: A systematic narrative review. Children and Youth Services Review, 27-36.
The article looks into the growing debate about the effects of online social technologies on children and teenagers. Through an in-depth analysis of empirical research, the authors identify both the benefits and harmful effects of social media on young people. The article gives recommendations on how to minimize adverse impacts and increase the positive effects of social media.
Loureiro, K., Solnet, D., Bolton, R. P., Hoefnagels, A., Migchels, N., & Kabadayi, S. (2013). Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management, 245-267.
Social media use has several implications for young people. This article refers to today's younger generation as Generation Y. The authors collect information to show the effects of social media on society, organizations, and individuals. Several research questions are derived to explain social media use in a better way.
Hutter, K., Hautz, J., Dennhardt, S., & Füller, J. (2013). The impact of user interactions in social media on brand awareness and purchase intention: the case of MINI on Facebook. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 342-351.
The article analyzes how social media influences the purchase of products. Through an online survey, the authors indicate how individuals can be talked into buying products over the internet. The authors use a mixed-method research method to show how social media has influenced the marketing of products.
Schwendler, I. L., & Trude, A. (2018). Implementation of Text-Messaging and Social Media Strategies in a Multilevel Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Process Evaluation Results. The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 187-198.
Social media has been highly attributed to the increase in obesity in young children. Children are spending more time on social media platforms. Physical exercise has dramatically reduced as more children embrace social media and their major entertainment. The article reviews the use of social media in both increasing and lowering obesity prevalence.
Lewin, C., & Greenhow, C. (2016). Social media and education: reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learning. Journal of Learning, Media and Technology, 6-30.
Social media has several effects on society. Some people have argued that social media has the potential of creating a bridge between formal and informal learning. Social media affects learning at both levels. This article analyzes the use of ...
The title for this Special Section is Contemporary Mobile Tech.docxchristalgrieg
The title for this Special Section is Contemporary Mobile Technology and Child
and Adolescent Development, edited by Zheng Yan and Lennart Hardell
Concurrent and Subsequent Associations Between Daily Digital Technology
Use and High-Risk Adolescents’ Mental Health Symptoms
Madeleine J. George
Duke University
Michael A. Russell
Pennsylvania State University
Joy R. Piontak and Candice L. Odgers
Duke University
Adolescents are spending an unprecedented amount of time using digital technologies (especially mobile tech-
nologies), and there are concerns that adolescents’ constant connectivity is associated with poor mental health,
particularly among at-risk adolescents. Participants included 151 adolescents at risk for mental health prob-
lems (Mage = 13.1) who completed a baseline assessment, 30-day ecological momentary assessment, and 18
month follow-up assessment. Results from multilevel regression models showed that daily reports of both
time spent using digital technologies and the number of text messages sent were associated with increased
same-day attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and conduct disorder (CD) symptoms. Adolescents’
reported digital technology usage and text messaging across the ecological momentary assessment (EMA) per-
iod was also associated with poorer self-regulation and increases in conduct problem symptoms between the
baseline and follow-up assessments.
The majority of adolescents in the United States now
own a mobile phone and are frequently using mobile
technologies as their primarily means of access to
the Internet and engagement with social media
(Lenhart, 2015). Adolescents spend, on average, 9
hours (h) a day using screen-based media including
about 3 h/day on their mobile phones (Rideout, Pai,
Saphir, Pritchett, & Rudd, 2015), and with a typical
teen (the median) sending and receiving 30 texts
per day (Lenhart, 2015). This high degree of connec-
tivity has raised concerns about potential negative
effects of mobile technology usage in particular, and
digital technology use more broadly, on adolescents’
mental health (George & Odgers, 2015).
There are a number of theories about how the
amount of time spent using digital technologies
(i.e., social networking tools, text messaging, and
the Internet) may influence adolescents’ mental
health symptoms, especially for adolescents already
experiencing mental health problems. It has been
argued that spending time online “displaces” time
spent on social or cognitively stimulating activities
(i.e., displacement hypothesis), which in turn may
increase feelings of social isolation or depression
(Kraut et al., 1998; Nikklen, Valkenburg, & Hui-
zinga, 2014). Others suggest that adolescents with
preexisting problems may spend more time online
to compensate for a lack of social skills (i.e., social
compensation); that is, technology related problems
may stem from, or simply reflect, adolescents’ pre-
existing mental health problems (Shapira et al.,
2003; Valkenb ...
This document examines the association between internet use and depressive symptoms among older adults in China, and the potential mediating role of structural social capital. It analyzes data from over 9,000 Chinese adults aged 60 and older. Structural equation models show that both constant and new internet use have significant direct effects on depressive symptoms, but only constant internet use has an indirect effect through structural social capital. Specifically, social networks more strongly mediate the relationship for urban older adults, while non-volunteering social participation mediates for rural older adults. The findings suggest structural social capital plays a role in the link between internet use and depression among Chinese older adults.
The document discusses research on the impact of internet use on young students in Bangladesh. It provides context on the growth of internet usage globally and concerns about internet addiction. The literature review covers definitions of internet use and addiction, risk factors for young adults, and potential negative impacts of excessive usage including effects on interpersonal relationships, behavior, physical and psychological health, and academic performance. The purpose is to explore internet use impacts on Bangladeshi youth by reviewing existing global research on this topic.
The Influence of Social Media Usage and Personality Traits on Personal Relati...YogeshIJTSRD
This study explored the influence of social media usage and personality traits on personal relationships and job performance. 207 Mongolian employees participated in the study. The results showed that the intensity of social media use had no significant influence on personal relationships or job performance. Extraversion and openness to experience were found to have a significant positive influence on personal relationships and job performance. Social media usage and extraversion were also found to have a significant positive effect on personal relationships.
1) The study examined risk factors for internet addiction among 326 African American university students, including depression, resilience, gender, age, and more.
2) It found depression and being a freshman were significant predictors of internet addiction. Higher levels of depression were positively associated with internet addiction, while higher resilience was negatively associated.
3) The study aimed to determine if resilience mediated the link between depression and internet addiction. Understanding this could help design interventions to reduce internet addiction by improving resilience for African American college students.
Internet causes some challeges as well as it gives adolescents some opportunities. One of the most important negative effect of Internet usage is Problematic Internet Using (PIU). PIU can be defined as “use of the Internet that creates psychological, social, school, and/or work difficulties in a person's life”. The main aim of the present study is to investigate the differentiation situation of PIU levels with respect to gender, age, Internet usage time, having a tablet, computer, smartphone, Internet access at home and purpose of Internet usage. Analyses are created with t-test and one-way variance analysis (ANOVA). The Results has shown that PIU level is higher for boys, older age, have higher Internet usage time, Internet access at home, a computer, a smartphone and use the Internet for entertainment. In addition, groups using the Internet for entertainment have higher PIU level than those who do not use Internet for these purposes. Backwords, the groups using the Internet for doing homework/school project, searching a subject for his/her own personal interest and for reading have lower PIU level than those who do not use the Internet for these purposes. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed
IntroductionMedia is always pointed at having negative effects ohildredzr1di
Introduction
Media is always pointed at having negative effects on mental health. Media, including social networking sites such as Twitter, Facebook, among others, have rapidly developed. Facebook is considered to be the largest social networking site used globally. In the past decade, media has caused various changes, especially in the way individuals interact as well as communicate. However, it is not clear whether these changes may have an impact on the usual human characters. Previous research carried out shows that prolonged use of media may be associated with signs of depression. In addition, studies have also shown that the effects are associated with low self-esteem, and this mainly affects adolescents and children.
However, other studies differ and have shown that media does not affect negatively and no mental problems associated with the use of media. Thus, the relationship between media and mental health is controversial, and many questions have remained unanswered. Moreover, the research on this topic has experienced a lot of challenges. This paper focuses on findings regarding the association between the media and mental health issues such as internet addiction, depression signs and symptoms and low self-esteem.
Media and Signs and symptoms of depression
Various reasons suggest that media users are at risk of getting depressed. This is because there are many factors that may cause a depressed individual to increase their use or begin to use a social networking site. Among the reasons why media is associated with depressive symptoms is that it may lead to negative changes in the personality characteristics of other users. Generally, internet use affects the social relationship to the extent of affecting participation in community life.
According to a study done by Kraut et al ., 1998 shows that increased time online is associated with reduced communication with other members of the family. This may result in an increased feeling of loneliness as well as depression. Further research suggests that computer use may have various negative effects, especially on the social development of children.
This research focused on investigating possible impacts of internet browsing and other online uses such as email checking on mental health.
As a result of the development of social networks, for example, Facebook in 2004, time spent online has greatly increased. On the other hand, time on interpersonal interaction has reduced, including among the family members. However, research on the relationship between the use of various social networking sites and depression has not been properly investigated. This is because most social networks and upgrade in the media are recent discoveries. According to a study carried out on high school population, it was found that there is a relationship between time spent on social networking sites and depressive symptoms(Pantic et al ., 2012).
However, different authors have found that media is no ...
Dependency on social media and its effects on users (literature review) - Pre...Dr. Fiza Zia Ul Hannan
< Justification of studying social media >
As a whole, media has become an essential element in modern life. In days to come, its role will expand with the expansion of technology. This is an age of advanced digital communication (Abid Hussain, 2019).
Post-modernism has given rise to non-face-to-face interaction, i.e. online engagement. With incorporation of social media in our lifestyles, we are heading towards another era beyond Post-modernism (especially since an outburst of COVID-19).
Mainstream media, i.e. television, newspaper, its utilization and effects on consumers have been a point of focus for researchers in their scholarly debates and are well documented since half century. New media, particularly social networking sites (SNS), is relatively a new discipline and is being explored through various dimensions since its emergence.
Effect of cell phone attachment-Final Research PaperGurvinder Hothi
This study examined the effect of cell phone attachment on anxiety levels. 37 college students between ages 18-52 participated, split into a control group that kept their phones and an experimental group that had phones taken away. Both groups completed a reading passage, memory test, and anxiety test. The experimental group that had phones removed reported higher anxiety levels than the control group, suggesting that being separated from cell phones causes distress, revealing people's strong attachment to their devices today.
Research ProtocolRES724 Version 52University of Phoenixmyrljjcpoarch
Research Protocol
RES/724 Version 5
2
University of Phoenix Material
Research Protocol
Create a research protocol by writing a paragraph or two for each section below providing the required information.
1. Proposed Title to Accurately Describe the Research Study
2. Background of the Problem and Rationale
· What is the general problem?
· What is the specific problem?
· What are the research questions?
3. Conceptual Framework
· What is the conceptual framework for this study?
· What are the relevant concepts the reader needs to understand?
4. Objectives
· What are the objectives of your study?
5. Study Setting
· What is the proposed study setting?
· What permissions do you need to get to use the proposed study setting?
· Give an overview of the study design and its relevance to the study setting.
6. Methods
· What is the method/design for the study?
· What type of data points do you need to collect?
· How will you triangulate the study?
7. Data management and Analysis
· How will you collect and handle the data to ensure confidentiality?
· How will you manage the data to ensure safe keeping?
· How will the data be analyzed?
8. Ethics, Bias, and Reliability
· How will research participants be protected?
· How will you report potential biases that you have that could impact the research?
· What steps will you take to ensure reliability?
9. Discussion
· How will you ensure results are considered in light of current research?
10. Limitations
· What are the limitations of the study?
Copyright 2016, 2015 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved.
RUNNING HEAD: INTERNET ADDICTION IN ADOLESCENTS
INTERNET ADDICTION IN ADOLESCENTS
INTERNET ADDICTION IN ADOLESCENTS
Amenia Payne
University of Phoenix
Introduction
Qualitative research majorly concentrates on collection of non-numerical information. Qualitative research is generally a process of naturalistic inquiry which seek the comprehension of social phenomena in a deeper context. This generally complies with their natural settings. The research essentially concentrates on why on the phenomena unlike other researches why focus on the what of the social phenomena. In this case, the qualitative research on the internet addiction in adolescents will tend to analyze on the why of this social assessment. This include an analysis of why teens are often indulged in internet addiction. The factors that may aggravate their indulgence in internet addiction which explains the question why the social phenomena happen to the adolescents. The qualitative research will utilize the numerous systems of inquiry for the study of human phenomena which include biography, case study, historical analysis, discourse analysis, ethnography, grounded theory as well as phenomenology of the case in which adolescents are often involved in the internet addiction.
Why Internet Addiction in Adolescents Should be Approached in a Qualitative Pers ...
Running head SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT1SOCIAL MED.docxagnesdcarey33086
Running head: SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 1
SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 13
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Nisha Cunningham
Felician University
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Annotated Bibliography
Best, P., Manktelowa, R., & Taylor, B. (2014). Online communication, social media, and adolescent wellbeing: A systematic narrative review. Children and Youth Services Review, 27-36.
The article looks into the growing debate about the effects of online social technologies on children and teenagers. Through an in-depth analysis of empirical research, the authors identify both the benefits and harmful effects of social media on young people. The article gives recommendations on how to minimize adverse impacts and increase the positive effects of social media.
Loureiro, K., Solnet, D., Bolton, R. P., Hoefnagels, A., Migchels, N., & Kabadayi, S. (2013). Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management, 245-267.
Social media use has several implications for young people. This article refers to today's younger generation as Generation Y. The authors collect information to show the effects of social media on society, organizations, and individuals. Several research questions are derived to explain social media use in a better way.
Hutter, K., Hautz, J., Dennhardt, S., & Füller, J. (2013). The impact of user interactions in social media on brand awareness and purchase intention: the case of MINI on Facebook. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 342-351.
The article analyzes how social media influences the purchase of products. Through an online survey, the authors indicate how individuals can be talked into buying products over the internet. The authors use a mixed-method research method to show how social media has influenced the marketing of products.
Schwendler, I. L., & Trude, A. (2018). Implementation of Text-Messaging and Social Media Strategies in a Multilevel Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Process Evaluation Results. The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 187-198.
Social media has been highly attributed to the increase in obesity in young children. Children are spending more time on social media platforms. Physical exercise has dramatically reduced as more children embrace social media and their major entertainment. The article reviews the use of social media in both increasing and lowering obesity prevalence.
Lewin, C., & Greenhow, C. (2016). Social media and education: reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learning. Journal of Learning, Media and Technology, 6-30.
Social media has several effects on society. Some people have argued that social media has the potential of creating a bridge between formal and informal learning. Social media affects learning at both levels. This article analyzes the use of .
Lect23-Efficient test suite mgt - III.pptxvijay518229
This document discusses different approaches for prioritizing test cases and requirements. It describes a technique called PORT that prioritizes requirements based on factors like customer priority, volatility, complexity, and fault proneness. It also discusses approaches that prioritize regression test cases based on factors like requirements, changes, complexity, faults, and execution time. Finally, it provides an example of a hierarchical approach that prioritizes requirements, maps them to modules, and then prioritizes test cases for each module based on complexity, coverage, dependency, and impact.
1) The document analyzes internet addiction levels of individuals according to various variables based on a survey of 596 people in Kırşehir, Turkey.
2) It finds that most individuals had low levels of internet addiction according to age groups, gender, and profession, though students and those under age 19 tended to have higher addiction levels.
3) Males generally had higher internet addiction scores than females, and scores differed significantly between those aged 19 and below versus older age groups.
This summary provides the key points about a new treatment model called CBT-IA (cognitive behavioral therapy for internet addiction):
1) CBT-IA is a three-phase treatment model that applies cognitive behavioral therapy and harm reduction therapy to treat internet addiction.
2) The first phase uses behavior modification to gradually decrease the amount of time spent online and remove triggers for excessive internet use.
3) The second phase involves cognitive therapy to address denial and combat rationalizations for excessive internet use by challenging cognitive distortions.
4) The third phase applies harm reduction therapy to identify and treat any co-occurring psychiatric issues or relationship problems contributing to internet addiction.
This document summarizes several studies on user behavior and motivation in digital systems:
1. One study examined adolescent engagement with the internet and found they engage in self-socialization online to construct their own roles and gain freedom from offline constraints.
2. Another study found people highly identify with online social groups like game communities, almost as much as with their families.
3. A study linked social comparison and rumination on Facebook to increased depressive symptoms over time.
4. One study correlated the amount of physical space people have at home to their level of online socialization.
5. A final study found personality traits like conscientiousness correlated with concerns over privacy and internet addiction, making some
This document summarizes a study that examined the relationship between social media addiction and school adjustment among undergraduate students at Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, Nigeria. The study found a significant inverse relationship between social media addiction and school adjustment, indicating that higher social media addiction is associated with lower school adjustment. It also found that female students had significantly higher levels of social media addiction than male students, while male students had significantly higher school adjustment than female students. The study concluded that excessive social media use can negatively impact students' school adjustment.
This document discusses determinants of internet media abuse in the workplace. It begins by introducing the problem of internet abuse and outlines the research objectives and questions. The hypotheses aim to examine relationships between attitudes, perceived behavioral controls, subjective norms and internet media abuse. A literature review covers factors influencing abuse like internet addiction, job satisfaction and workplace policies. The research design is described as descriptive and quantitative, using a questionnaire to collect data on internet usage behaviors from civil servants. Preliminary findings analyze sample characteristics and factors influencing attitudes toward abuse. In conclusion, the study aims to understand what drives internet media abuse in organizations.
A correlative study to assess the internet addiction and psychopathologies am...iosrjce
With the advancement in media and technologies internet has emerged as an effective tool in
eliminating human geographical barriers. However, excessive use of theInternet has resulted in negative
consequences especially among the regular users labeling it as an addiction. The objectives of the study were to
assess the prevalence of internet addiction and find a correlation between internet addiction and
psychopathologies among university students.A descriptive survey approach with cross sectional design was
adopted for the study. 264 students were selected by convenient sampling technique from the different colleges
of various streams like medicine, dental, nursing, pharmacology and agriculture, who are undergoing
graduation and fulfilling the sampling criteria. The data collection instruments used were Internet addiction test
(IAT) and Duke Health profile tool to assess the data. This study reveals that according to IAT score 85.5%
were normal & 14.5% were abnormal in 1st year, 95% were normal & 5% were abnormal in 2nd year ,68.9%
were normal & 31.1% were abnormal in 3rd year ,10.7% were normal & 89.2% were abnormal 56.2% normal
in 4th year.Study also shows IAT score among various disciplines, 69.2% were normal and 30.8% were
abnormal in medical college, 68% were normal and 32% were abnormal in nursing college, 50.5% were
normal and 49.5% were abnormal in pharmacology college, 57.5% were normal and 42.5% were abnormal in
dental college, 65.6% were normal and 34.4% were abnormal in agriculture college. Further it was observed
through the analysis that there is no statistically significant correlation between IAT score and
psychopathologies.
Running head SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT1SOCIAL MED.docxjeanettehully
Running head: SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 1
SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 13
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Nisha Cunningham
Felician University
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Annotated Bibliography
Best, P., Manktelowa, R., & Taylor, B. (2014). Online communication, social media, and adolescent wellbeing: A systematic narrative review. Children and Youth Services Review, 27-36.
The article looks into the growing debate about the effects of online social technologies on children and teenagers. Through an in-depth analysis of empirical research, the authors identify both the benefits and harmful effects of social media on young people. The article gives recommendations on how to minimize adverse impacts and increase the positive effects of social media.
Loureiro, K., Solnet, D., Bolton, R. P., Hoefnagels, A., Migchels, N., & Kabadayi, S. (2013). Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management, 245-267.
Social media use has several implications for young people. This article refers to today's younger generation as Generation Y. The authors collect information to show the effects of social media on society, organizations, and individuals. Several research questions are derived to explain social media use in a better way.
Hutter, K., Hautz, J., Dennhardt, S., & Füller, J. (2013). The impact of user interactions in social media on brand awareness and purchase intention: the case of MINI on Facebook. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 342-351.
The article analyzes how social media influences the purchase of products. Through an online survey, the authors indicate how individuals can be talked into buying products over the internet. The authors use a mixed-method research method to show how social media has influenced the marketing of products.
Schwendler, I. L., & Trude, A. (2018). Implementation of Text-Messaging and Social Media Strategies in a Multilevel Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Process Evaluation Results. The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 187-198.
Social media has been highly attributed to the increase in obesity in young children. Children are spending more time on social media platforms. Physical exercise has dramatically reduced as more children embrace social media and their major entertainment. The article reviews the use of social media in both increasing and lowering obesity prevalence.
Lewin, C., & Greenhow, C. (2016). Social media and education: reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learning. Journal of Learning, Media and Technology, 6-30.
Social media has several effects on society. Some people have argued that social media has the potential of creating a bridge between formal and informal learning. Social media affects learning at both levels. This article analyzes the use of ...
Running head SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT1SOCIAL MED.docxinfantkimber
Running head: SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 1
SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 13
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Nisha Cunningham
Felician University
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Annotated Bibliography
Best, P., Manktelowa, R., & Taylor, B. (2014). Online communication, social media, and adolescent wellbeing: A systematic narrative review. Children and Youth Services Review, 27-36.
The article looks into the growing debate about the effects of online social technologies on children and teenagers. Through an in-depth analysis of empirical research, the authors identify both the benefits and harmful effects of social media on young people. The article gives recommendations on how to minimize adverse impacts and increase the positive effects of social media.
Loureiro, K., Solnet, D., Bolton, R. P., Hoefnagels, A., Migchels, N., & Kabadayi, S. (2013). Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management, 245-267.
Social media use has several implications for young people. This article refers to today's younger generation as Generation Y. The authors collect information to show the effects of social media on society, organizations, and individuals. Several research questions are derived to explain social media use in a better way.
Hutter, K., Hautz, J., Dennhardt, S., & Füller, J. (2013). The impact of user interactions in social media on brand awareness and purchase intention: the case of MINI on Facebook. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 342-351.
The article analyzes how social media influences the purchase of products. Through an online survey, the authors indicate how individuals can be talked into buying products over the internet. The authors use a mixed-method research method to show how social media has influenced the marketing of products.
Schwendler, I. L., & Trude, A. (2018). Implementation of Text-Messaging and Social Media Strategies in a Multilevel Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Process Evaluation Results. The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 187-198.
Social media has been highly attributed to the increase in obesity in young children. Children are spending more time on social media platforms. Physical exercise has dramatically reduced as more children embrace social media and their major entertainment. The article reviews the use of social media in both increasing and lowering obesity prevalence.
Lewin, C., & Greenhow, C. (2016). Social media and education: reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learning. Journal of Learning, Media and Technology, 6-30.
Social media has several effects on society. Some people have argued that social media has the potential of creating a bridge between formal and informal learning. Social media affects learning at both levels. This article analyzes the use of ...
The title for this Special Section is Contemporary Mobile Tech.docxchristalgrieg
The title for this Special Section is Contemporary Mobile Technology and Child
and Adolescent Development, edited by Zheng Yan and Lennart Hardell
Concurrent and Subsequent Associations Between Daily Digital Technology
Use and High-Risk Adolescents’ Mental Health Symptoms
Madeleine J. George
Duke University
Michael A. Russell
Pennsylvania State University
Joy R. Piontak and Candice L. Odgers
Duke University
Adolescents are spending an unprecedented amount of time using digital technologies (especially mobile tech-
nologies), and there are concerns that adolescents’ constant connectivity is associated with poor mental health,
particularly among at-risk adolescents. Participants included 151 adolescents at risk for mental health prob-
lems (Mage = 13.1) who completed a baseline assessment, 30-day ecological momentary assessment, and 18
month follow-up assessment. Results from multilevel regression models showed that daily reports of both
time spent using digital technologies and the number of text messages sent were associated with increased
same-day attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and conduct disorder (CD) symptoms. Adolescents’
reported digital technology usage and text messaging across the ecological momentary assessment (EMA) per-
iod was also associated with poorer self-regulation and increases in conduct problem symptoms between the
baseline and follow-up assessments.
The majority of adolescents in the United States now
own a mobile phone and are frequently using mobile
technologies as their primarily means of access to
the Internet and engagement with social media
(Lenhart, 2015). Adolescents spend, on average, 9
hours (h) a day using screen-based media including
about 3 h/day on their mobile phones (Rideout, Pai,
Saphir, Pritchett, & Rudd, 2015), and with a typical
teen (the median) sending and receiving 30 texts
per day (Lenhart, 2015). This high degree of connec-
tivity has raised concerns about potential negative
effects of mobile technology usage in particular, and
digital technology use more broadly, on adolescents’
mental health (George & Odgers, 2015).
There are a number of theories about how the
amount of time spent using digital technologies
(i.e., social networking tools, text messaging, and
the Internet) may influence adolescents’ mental
health symptoms, especially for adolescents already
experiencing mental health problems. It has been
argued that spending time online “displaces” time
spent on social or cognitively stimulating activities
(i.e., displacement hypothesis), which in turn may
increase feelings of social isolation or depression
(Kraut et al., 1998; Nikklen, Valkenburg, & Hui-
zinga, 2014). Others suggest that adolescents with
preexisting problems may spend more time online
to compensate for a lack of social skills (i.e., social
compensation); that is, technology related problems
may stem from, or simply reflect, adolescents’ pre-
existing mental health problems (Shapira et al.,
2003; Valkenb ...
This document examines the association between internet use and depressive symptoms among older adults in China, and the potential mediating role of structural social capital. It analyzes data from over 9,000 Chinese adults aged 60 and older. Structural equation models show that both constant and new internet use have significant direct effects on depressive symptoms, but only constant internet use has an indirect effect through structural social capital. Specifically, social networks more strongly mediate the relationship for urban older adults, while non-volunteering social participation mediates for rural older adults. The findings suggest structural social capital plays a role in the link between internet use and depression among Chinese older adults.
The document discusses research on the impact of internet use on young students in Bangladesh. It provides context on the growth of internet usage globally and concerns about internet addiction. The literature review covers definitions of internet use and addiction, risk factors for young adults, and potential negative impacts of excessive usage including effects on interpersonal relationships, behavior, physical and psychological health, and academic performance. The purpose is to explore internet use impacts on Bangladeshi youth by reviewing existing global research on this topic.
The Influence of Social Media Usage and Personality Traits on Personal Relati...YogeshIJTSRD
This study explored the influence of social media usage and personality traits on personal relationships and job performance. 207 Mongolian employees participated in the study. The results showed that the intensity of social media use had no significant influence on personal relationships or job performance. Extraversion and openness to experience were found to have a significant positive influence on personal relationships and job performance. Social media usage and extraversion were also found to have a significant positive effect on personal relationships.
1) The study examined risk factors for internet addiction among 326 African American university students, including depression, resilience, gender, age, and more.
2) It found depression and being a freshman were significant predictors of internet addiction. Higher levels of depression were positively associated with internet addiction, while higher resilience was negatively associated.
3) The study aimed to determine if resilience mediated the link between depression and internet addiction. Understanding this could help design interventions to reduce internet addiction by improving resilience for African American college students.
Internet causes some challeges as well as it gives adolescents some opportunities. One of the most important negative effect of Internet usage is Problematic Internet Using (PIU). PIU can be defined as “use of the Internet that creates psychological, social, school, and/or work difficulties in a person's life”. The main aim of the present study is to investigate the differentiation situation of PIU levels with respect to gender, age, Internet usage time, having a tablet, computer, smartphone, Internet access at home and purpose of Internet usage. Analyses are created with t-test and one-way variance analysis (ANOVA). The Results has shown that PIU level is higher for boys, older age, have higher Internet usage time, Internet access at home, a computer, a smartphone and use the Internet for entertainment. In addition, groups using the Internet for entertainment have higher PIU level than those who do not use Internet for these purposes. Backwords, the groups using the Internet for doing homework/school project, searching a subject for his/her own personal interest and for reading have lower PIU level than those who do not use the Internet for these purposes. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed
IntroductionMedia is always pointed at having negative effects ohildredzr1di
Introduction
Media is always pointed at having negative effects on mental health. Media, including social networking sites such as Twitter, Facebook, among others, have rapidly developed. Facebook is considered to be the largest social networking site used globally. In the past decade, media has caused various changes, especially in the way individuals interact as well as communicate. However, it is not clear whether these changes may have an impact on the usual human characters. Previous research carried out shows that prolonged use of media may be associated with signs of depression. In addition, studies have also shown that the effects are associated with low self-esteem, and this mainly affects adolescents and children.
However, other studies differ and have shown that media does not affect negatively and no mental problems associated with the use of media. Thus, the relationship between media and mental health is controversial, and many questions have remained unanswered. Moreover, the research on this topic has experienced a lot of challenges. This paper focuses on findings regarding the association between the media and mental health issues such as internet addiction, depression signs and symptoms and low self-esteem.
Media and Signs and symptoms of depression
Various reasons suggest that media users are at risk of getting depressed. This is because there are many factors that may cause a depressed individual to increase their use or begin to use a social networking site. Among the reasons why media is associated with depressive symptoms is that it may lead to negative changes in the personality characteristics of other users. Generally, internet use affects the social relationship to the extent of affecting participation in community life.
According to a study done by Kraut et al ., 1998 shows that increased time online is associated with reduced communication with other members of the family. This may result in an increased feeling of loneliness as well as depression. Further research suggests that computer use may have various negative effects, especially on the social development of children.
This research focused on investigating possible impacts of internet browsing and other online uses such as email checking on mental health.
As a result of the development of social networks, for example, Facebook in 2004, time spent online has greatly increased. On the other hand, time on interpersonal interaction has reduced, including among the family members. However, research on the relationship between the use of various social networking sites and depression has not been properly investigated. This is because most social networks and upgrade in the media are recent discoveries. According to a study carried out on high school population, it was found that there is a relationship between time spent on social networking sites and depressive symptoms(Pantic et al ., 2012).
However, different authors have found that media is no ...
Dependency on social media and its effects on users (literature review) - Pre...Dr. Fiza Zia Ul Hannan
< Justification of studying social media >
As a whole, media has become an essential element in modern life. In days to come, its role will expand with the expansion of technology. This is an age of advanced digital communication (Abid Hussain, 2019).
Post-modernism has given rise to non-face-to-face interaction, i.e. online engagement. With incorporation of social media in our lifestyles, we are heading towards another era beyond Post-modernism (especially since an outburst of COVID-19).
Mainstream media, i.e. television, newspaper, its utilization and effects on consumers have been a point of focus for researchers in their scholarly debates and are well documented since half century. New media, particularly social networking sites (SNS), is relatively a new discipline and is being explored through various dimensions since its emergence.
Effect of cell phone attachment-Final Research PaperGurvinder Hothi
This study examined the effect of cell phone attachment on anxiety levels. 37 college students between ages 18-52 participated, split into a control group that kept their phones and an experimental group that had phones taken away. Both groups completed a reading passage, memory test, and anxiety test. The experimental group that had phones removed reported higher anxiety levels than the control group, suggesting that being separated from cell phones causes distress, revealing people's strong attachment to their devices today.
Research ProtocolRES724 Version 52University of Phoenixmyrljjcpoarch
Research Protocol
RES/724 Version 5
2
University of Phoenix Material
Research Protocol
Create a research protocol by writing a paragraph or two for each section below providing the required information.
1. Proposed Title to Accurately Describe the Research Study
2. Background of the Problem and Rationale
· What is the general problem?
· What is the specific problem?
· What are the research questions?
3. Conceptual Framework
· What is the conceptual framework for this study?
· What are the relevant concepts the reader needs to understand?
4. Objectives
· What are the objectives of your study?
5. Study Setting
· What is the proposed study setting?
· What permissions do you need to get to use the proposed study setting?
· Give an overview of the study design and its relevance to the study setting.
6. Methods
· What is the method/design for the study?
· What type of data points do you need to collect?
· How will you triangulate the study?
7. Data management and Analysis
· How will you collect and handle the data to ensure confidentiality?
· How will you manage the data to ensure safe keeping?
· How will the data be analyzed?
8. Ethics, Bias, and Reliability
· How will research participants be protected?
· How will you report potential biases that you have that could impact the research?
· What steps will you take to ensure reliability?
9. Discussion
· How will you ensure results are considered in light of current research?
10. Limitations
· What are the limitations of the study?
Copyright 2016, 2015 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved.
RUNNING HEAD: INTERNET ADDICTION IN ADOLESCENTS
INTERNET ADDICTION IN ADOLESCENTS
INTERNET ADDICTION IN ADOLESCENTS
Amenia Payne
University of Phoenix
Introduction
Qualitative research majorly concentrates on collection of non-numerical information. Qualitative research is generally a process of naturalistic inquiry which seek the comprehension of social phenomena in a deeper context. This generally complies with their natural settings. The research essentially concentrates on why on the phenomena unlike other researches why focus on the what of the social phenomena. In this case, the qualitative research on the internet addiction in adolescents will tend to analyze on the why of this social assessment. This include an analysis of why teens are often indulged in internet addiction. The factors that may aggravate their indulgence in internet addiction which explains the question why the social phenomena happen to the adolescents. The qualitative research will utilize the numerous systems of inquiry for the study of human phenomena which include biography, case study, historical analysis, discourse analysis, ethnography, grounded theory as well as phenomenology of the case in which adolescents are often involved in the internet addiction.
Why Internet Addiction in Adolescents Should be Approached in a Qualitative Pers ...
Running head SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT1SOCIAL MED.docxagnesdcarey33086
Running head: SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 1
SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 13
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Nisha Cunningham
Felician University
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Annotated Bibliography
Best, P., Manktelowa, R., & Taylor, B. (2014). Online communication, social media, and adolescent wellbeing: A systematic narrative review. Children and Youth Services Review, 27-36.
The article looks into the growing debate about the effects of online social technologies on children and teenagers. Through an in-depth analysis of empirical research, the authors identify both the benefits and harmful effects of social media on young people. The article gives recommendations on how to minimize adverse impacts and increase the positive effects of social media.
Loureiro, K., Solnet, D., Bolton, R. P., Hoefnagels, A., Migchels, N., & Kabadayi, S. (2013). Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management, 245-267.
Social media use has several implications for young people. This article refers to today's younger generation as Generation Y. The authors collect information to show the effects of social media on society, organizations, and individuals. Several research questions are derived to explain social media use in a better way.
Hutter, K., Hautz, J., Dennhardt, S., & Füller, J. (2013). The impact of user interactions in social media on brand awareness and purchase intention: the case of MINI on Facebook. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 342-351.
The article analyzes how social media influences the purchase of products. Through an online survey, the authors indicate how individuals can be talked into buying products over the internet. The authors use a mixed-method research method to show how social media has influenced the marketing of products.
Schwendler, I. L., & Trude, A. (2018). Implementation of Text-Messaging and Social Media Strategies in a Multilevel Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Process Evaluation Results. The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 187-198.
Social media has been highly attributed to the increase in obesity in young children. Children are spending more time on social media platforms. Physical exercise has dramatically reduced as more children embrace social media and their major entertainment. The article reviews the use of social media in both increasing and lowering obesity prevalence.
Lewin, C., & Greenhow, C. (2016). Social media and education: reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learning. Journal of Learning, Media and Technology, 6-30.
Social media has several effects on society. Some people have argued that social media has the potential of creating a bridge between formal and informal learning. Social media affects learning at both levels. This article analyzes the use of .
Lect23-Efficient test suite mgt - III.pptxvijay518229
This document discusses different approaches for prioritizing test cases and requirements. It describes a technique called PORT that prioritizes requirements based on factors like customer priority, volatility, complexity, and fault proneness. It also discusses approaches that prioritize regression test cases based on factors like requirements, changes, complexity, faults, and execution time. Finally, it provides an example of a hierarchical approach that prioritizes requirements, maps them to modules, and then prioritizes test cases for each module based on complexity, coverage, dependency, and impact.
This study explored the relationship between different functions of Internet use (social, informational, leisure, emotional) and indicators of Internet addiction among 76 college students in Taiwan. The study found that social function was significantly correlated with all measures of Internet addiction, including compulsive use, withdrawal, tolerance, time management problems, and interpersonal/health problems. Informational function was also correlated with interpersonal/health problems. Males reported longer Internet use and more problems with time management and interpersonal relationships than females. The findings suggest that social function plays a central role in the development of addictive behaviors related to Internet use.
Nano computing uses extremely small, nano-scale devices for computing. It will enhance existing technologies like memory and storage, making them more abundant. Fundamentally new technologies will also be developed. While enormous effort and resources are required, nano computing could create computers small enough to fit in a pocket but with far greater processing power than today's supercomputers. However, developing nano computing may be risky and expensive, and it likely won't be ready for at least 15 more years. The technology could eventually change almost every human-made object.
Lect24-Efficient test suite mgt - IV.pptxvijay518229
This document discusses various techniques for prioritizing regression test cases based on data flow and module coupling. It describes how data flow based prioritization focuses on variable definitions and uses to detect errors. Module coupling based prioritization identifies highly affected modules when other modules change based on coupling information, then prioritizes test cases for those modules. An example demonstrates constructing module coupling and dependence matrices to determine which modules are most affected by changes in other modules, and thus which test cases should take highest priority in regression testing.
Lect22-Efficient test suite mgt - II.pptx.pdfvijay518229
This document discusses various techniques for prioritizing test cases, including risk-based prioritization, prioritization based on operational profiles, prioritization using slices, and prioritization based on requirements. Risk-based prioritization uses risk analysis to identify modules with the highest risk of failure. Prioritization based on operational profiles focuses testing on the most common user tasks. Prioritization using slices targets test cases affected by code changes. Prioritization based on requirements considers critical requirements first based on factors like customer priority and complexity. The document also introduces metrics like APFD and cost-cognizant APFD to measure test prioritization effectiveness.
This document presents a design for an automatic car parking system using a microcontroller. The system uses infrared sensors, a stepper motor, LCD display, and other hardware to detect vehicles and automatically guide them into available parking spaces. When a vehicle arrives, the IR sensors detect it and the microcontroller checks for empty spaces. If available, it opens the gate using the stepper motor and guides the vehicle in while updating the space availability on the LCD display. The system aims to make parking more efficient, reduce congestion, and provide real-time space information to users.
This seminar submission discusses silent sound technology, which allows users to transmit speech without using their vocal cords. It was developed in Germany and works by detecting lip movements and converting them to electrical signals that are transmitted as sound. There are two main methods: electromyography, which uses sensors on the face to detect muscle signals, and image processing, which uses cameras and lip reading to analyze speech. The technology has advantages like allowing silent communication but is currently very expensive. It may have future applications for the military, astronauts, and others who have lost their voice.
Nano computing uses extremely small, nano-scale devices for computing. It will enhance existing technologies like memory and storage, making them more abundant. Fundamentally new technologies will also be developed. While enormous effort and resources are required, nano computing could create computers small enough to fit in a pocket but with far greater processing power than today's supercomputers. However, developing nano computing poses technical challenges and risks that must first be addressed over the next 15 years.
This document presents a design for an automatic car parking system using a microcontroller. The system uses infrared sensors, a stepper motor, LCD display, and other hardware to detect vehicles and automatically guide them into available parking spaces. When a vehicle arrives, the IR sensors detect it and the microcontroller checks for empty spaces. If available, it opens the gate using the stepper motor and guides the vehicle in while updating the space availability on the LCD display. The system aims to make parking more efficient, reduce congestion, and provide real-time space information to users.
1. Internet function and Internet addictive behavior
Shih-Ming Li *, Teng-Ming Chung
Department of Psychology, National Chung-Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, ROC
Available online 9 April 2004
Abstract
Ju [Research on personal characteristics, the behavior of using Internet and Internet addiction for
Taiwanese college study. Master thesis. Taiwan, 2000] found the Internet function was related to the
severity of Internet addiction, and this study explored the relationship between the Internet function
and the Internet addictive behavior. Seventy-six college students were included in this study and had
completed the Internet use function questionnaire (social function, informational function, leisure
function and the virtual emotional function) and the Chinese Internet Addiction Scale (compulsive
use, withdrawal, tolerance, time management problem and interpersonal and health problems).
The study revealed not only the relationship between the social function and the index of the Internet
dependence (compulsive use, withdrawal, tolerance and the problems in the interpersonal relationship
and health), but also the correlation between the information function and the index of the Internet
abuse (the problems in the interpersonal relationship and health). We found the social function played
the core role in the Internet addictive behavior and the mechanism needs further discussion.
Ó 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Internet; Addiction; Interpersonal
1. Introduction
The Internet using was popular among the college students and they spent 164 min/day
using the Internet on average (Yu, 2001). In Taiwan, 6% of the college students are Inter-
net addicts (Chou & Hsiao, 2000). Therefore, the Internet using problems deserve careful
attention.
Various epithets are used to describe people who engage in excessive Internet using
that results in negative outcomes such as ‘‘Internet addicts’’, ‘‘computer-mediated
0747-5632/$ - see front matter Ó 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
doi:10.1016/j.chb.2004.03.030
*
Corresponding author.
E-mail address: shiming@mail2000.com.tw (S.-M. Li).
Computers in Human Behavior 22 (2006) 1067–1071
www.elsevier.com/locate/comphumbeh
Computers in
Human Behavior
2. communication addictive’’, ‘‘problematic Internet use’’ (Caplan, 2002) and ‘‘the patho-
logical Internet use’’ (Davis, 2001). ‘‘The problematic Internet use’’, ‘‘Internet addiction
(disorder)’’, ‘‘Internetomania’’ and ‘‘pathological Internet use’’ were the pseudonym
terms (Shapira et al., 2003). The ‘‘Internet addictive behavior (disorder)’’ was the clear-
est conceptualization and appeared with the highest frequency in the related studies
(Fung, 2002; Ju, 2000; Yu, 2001). At first, Goldberg (1995) used ‘‘the Internet addiction
disorder’’ to represent the human who has some problems following the Internet use,
and Young (1996) defined the Internet addiction from the aspects of compulsive use,
withdrawal, tolerance and related consequences of Internet dependence (Ju, 2000). In
Taiwan, Cheng, Weng, Su, Wu, and Yang (2003) followed the concept of Young’s Inter-
net addiction model and designed the Chinese Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS) to assess
the Internet addictive behavior among Internet users in Taiwan (Fung, 2002). The
subscales of CIAS were following the substance-dependent concept of DSM-IV. The
subscales of CIAS not only included the core criteria like tolerance, withdrawal and dys-
function, but also added the impulsive use as an important criterion which was also a
criterion in DSM-III-R. In this study, the CIAS was used to assess the Internet addictive
behavior.
There were already many studies discussed the factors related to the Internet addictive
behavior (IAB). The psychopathology factors like depression and anxiety (Yu, 2001), the
personality factors, like neurosis, openness and consciousness (Yu, 2001), sensation seek-
ing (Lin & Tsai, 2002), self-esteem (Ju, 2000), attachment (Wang, 2000), the Internet use
behavior and gender (Fung, 2002) were related to the IAB. There are many intrapersonal
and interpersonal variables relating to the IAB. However, those studies only explored the
relationship between the above-referred variables and the Internet use behavior (addictive
or problematic use) without further constructing a model to explain the addictive or prob-
lematic use.
Davis (2001) used the cognitive-behavior model to explain the pathological Internet use
(PIU), which was similar to the Internet addictive behavior. According to his model, mal-
adaptive cognition and social isolation played the proximal roles in the pathological Inter-
net use. Caplan (2002) further included 386 college students to explain PIU by using the
cognitive-behavior model and he found that one’s preference for computer-mediated
social interaction played a role in the etiology, development and outcome of generalized
PIU. Caplan (2002) found the interpersonal factor yielded the generalized PIU. Ju
(2000) found the Internet function was related to the severity of Internet addiction and
the social function (r = 0.62) of Internet for the college student can be the best example.
Those studies had revealed that the interpersonal factors play the important role in the
Internet behavior spectrum.
As the addictive behavior, the substance had functioned as a stuff which cannot be
abandoned (DSM-IV). Taking tobacco for an example and we found tobacco had the
social, pleasure, empowering, emotional and full-fledged function for the adolescents
who had the tobacco dependence. Young (1998) found the Internet dependence user used
Internet for social interaction (Ju, 2000). Therefore, the social function of Internet may be
an important issue in the Internet addiction study.
The interpersonal aspect was important for the Internet users ( Amichai-Hamburger &
Ben-Artzi, 2003; Cornwell & Lundgren, 2001; Wolak, Mitchell, & Finkelhor, 2003). As
shown in those studies, the interpersonal factor played an important role in the IAB.
Although those studies disclosed the interpersonal function of Internet and its influence
1068 S.-M. Li, T.-M. Chung / Computers in Human Behavior 22 (2006) 1067–1071
3. on the IAB (Caplan, 2002; Ju, 2000), they did not include the comprehensive concept of
the Internet addiction. In this study, we followed the studies of Caplan (2002) and Ju
(2000) and take the research further. We found the relationship between Internet use func-
tion, especially the interpersonal function, and the Internet addiction. About the Internet
addiction, we used the CIAS which included the criteria of the dependence and abuse in
DSM-IV to assess the comprehensive IAB.
This study explored the relationship between the Internet function and Internet addic-
tive behaviors including the Internet dependence and Internet abuse.
2. Method
2.1. Participants
Seventy-six college students were included in this study. The mean age was 19.76
(SD = 1.45) and 71% of the participants were male. They spent 3.27 h/day (SD = 2.04)
using the Internet on average.
2.2. Measurement
2.2.1. Internet use function questionnaire
The Internet use function questionnaire having high reliability and construct validity
included the following four subscales: social function, informational function, leisure func-
tion and the virtual emotional function (Ju, 2000).
2.2.2. Chinese Internet addiction scale
The CIAS was the scale for the Internet addictive behavior in Taiwan. It included five
subscales: compulsive use, withdrawal, tolerance, time management problem and interper-
sonal and health problems. In many studies, the scale showed good internal consistency
reliability (Cronbach alpha was 0.78–0.81) and fitting factor structure (Wang, 2000).
The DSM-IV criteria included substance abuse and dependence. The subscale of interper-
sonal and health problems in CIAS were related to the core criterion of substance abuse.
The subscale of withdrawal and tolerance in CIAS were related the core criterion of sub-
stance dependence. This study will use all of the subscales in CIAS to assess the Internet
addictive behavior. The scores of each subscales represents the severity of different prob-
lematic Internet behaviors and the total score of the CIAS represents the severity of the
overall Internet addictive behavior.
2.3. Procedure
Participants were asked to complete the Internet use function questionnaire and the
CIAS in class. Participants were informed that the purpose of the study was to examine
factors associated with Internet use in advance and they all agreed to join this study.
3. Results
In this study, we found that males used the Internet longer than females (t = 2.57,
p = 0.014). Males had more problematic Internet addictive behaviors than females (time
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4. management problem: t = 2.05, p = 0.048, interpersonal and health problems: t =
2.15, p = 0.040) and males used the Internet mostly for recreational function (t = 3.55,
p = 0.001) and virtual emotional function (t = 2.31, p = 0.025).
About the addiction severity, we found a significance positive correlation between the
time management problem and the social function (r = 0.46, r = 0.60). From Table 1, we
found there are some positive correlation between the Internet functions and Internet
addictive behaviors. The social function was significantly related to all of the subscales
of CIAS, i.e., the compulsive use, withdrawal, tolerance, time management problem and
interpersonal and health problems. The information function was highly related to the
interpersonal and health problems. The recreational function and the virtual emotional
function were not related to the addictive behaviors.
4. Discussion
The social function was the key function of the Internet, which leads to the most severe
Internet addiction. On the other words, those who use the Internet for the social function
will get relatively more Internet use problems such as the compulsive use, withdrawal, tol-
erance, time management problem and the interpersonal and health problems and they
will exhibit more severe Internet addictive behaviors. For those who use the Internet for
the information function, they are apt to encounter the interpersonal and health problems.
In conclusion, the Internet use function was related to the Internet addiction behavior.
Caplan (2002) found the social factor play the important role in the Internet patholog-
ical use. In this study, we also found the social function of the Internet was highly positive
correlated with the severity of the Internet addictive behaviors. From Table 1, we found
the social function of Internet was high correlated with the problematic use such as time
management, avoidance emotion and impulsive use. However, the other functions of the
Internet including the informational function, recreational function and the virtual emo-
tional function were less related to the problematic use. Therefore, compared with the
other functions mentioned in this study, the social function play the relatively important
role in the Internet addictive behaviors. The social aspect was important to the Internet
use behavior and the social function of the Internet was the core variable to the Internet
addictive behavior.
The addictive behavior was characterized by the problems of abuse and dependence.
In this study, we found the social function and the informational function were highly
Table 1
The correlation between the Internet use function and the Internet addictive behavior
Social
function
Informational
function
Leisure
function
Virtual emotional
function
Compulsive use 0.48**
0.11 0.01 0.05
Withdrawal 0.51**
0.12 0.07 0.17
Tolerance 0.45**
0.22 0.10 0.04
Time management
problem
0.46**
0.01 0.10 0.12
Interpersonal and
health problems
0.49**
0.23*
0.16 0.08
*
P < 0.05.
**
P < 0.01.
1070 S.-M. Li, T.-M. Chung / Computers in Human Behavior 22 (2006) 1067–1071
5. correlated with the indexes of the Internet dependence and the Internet abuse, respectively.
In conclusion, the Internet use functions played different roles in the Internet abuse and
dependence.
Although the CIAS was used to measure the index of the addictive dependence and
abuse in this study, we could not exactly group the subjects under the diagnostic categories
of the Internet dependence and Internet abuse. The diagnosis system needs to be further
designed to class the subjects under the dependence group or abuse group and to confirm
the different functions of these two groups.
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