Banana chips can be made through two methods - frying or drying banana slices. Fried banana chips are a savory, high calorie snack that has a shelf life of up to 2 months when stored properly. Dried banana chips are a more wholesome snack with a longer shelf life of up to 6 months when dried completely and stored in a cool, dry place. The document provides details on selecting raw bananas, preparing slices, pre-treating to prevent browning, and then either frying in hot oil or drying the slices, followed by packaging and storage.
This document provides instructions for making jam from fresh fruits. It describes sorting and cleaning fruits, removing stems, peels, and pits, pulping the fruit, adding sugar and pectin, boiling the mixture until it reaches the right thickness, testing for doneness, bottling the jam in sterilized jars, and storing it for up to one year. The conclusion states that surveys found most jam consumers prefer Kissan brand and find it widely available.
The document provides instructions for preserving strawberries through several methods:
1) Making strawberry jam by cooking crushed strawberries and sugar until thickened, then pouring into sterilized jars.
2) Making freezer jam with added pectin for faster cooking time.
3) Freezing whole, sliced, or pureed strawberries by packing them with or without sugar into containers and freezing.
4) Making strawberry fruit leather by pureeing strawberries and other fruits, spreading the puree thin to dry, and storing the resulting pliable strips.
This document provides an overview of value addition opportunities for mangoes in India. It begins by introducing mango as the king of fruits in India and discusses its cultivation. It then defines value addition as processing raw products to increase value and lists benefits such as reduced losses, employment, and export opportunities. The document proceeds to outline various value addition methods for mangoes like juices, pulps, pickles, chutneys and others. It provides recipes and processing steps for many popular mango products. Finally, it emphasizes the need for awareness, industry linkages and cooperation to effectively implement value addition of mangoes in India.
This document provides information on dehydrating fruits, vegetables, spices and grains. It discusses the purposes of drying foods, which commodities are most suitable for drying, and pre-treatment and processing steps. Commodities like onions, peppers and grains are very suitable for drying, while foods like broccoli and winter squash are not recommended. Successful drying requires heat, air circulation and proper preparation of the food items. Processes like blanching, acid treatments and sulfiting help preserve quality during dehydration. Quality of dried foods can be evaluated by testing for moisture content and enzyme activity.
To make cheese, heat 10 liters of milk to 65-70°C to eliminate harmful flora, then cool it to 40°C and add 250cc of yogurt containing beneficial bacteria. Add rennet to coagulate the proteins, then cut the curds after 1-2 hours and drain the whey. Press the curds together overnight to remove more moisture. The cheese can be salted and aged to develop flavor.
This document provides instructions for freezing various fruits. It discusses methods for freezing fruits including using moisture-proof packaging to retain quality. It recommends selecting fully ripe but firm fruits and freezing them as soon as possible after harvesting. Preparation steps include washing, peeling, slicing, and treating with ascorbic acid or other solutions to prevent browning. Fruits can be packed in syrup, with sugar, or unsweetened and then frozen quickly. Specific instructions are provided for freezing many different types of fruits.
Sana All is proposing to open a snack business called SanaAll Sweet and Spicy Chips in Capas Public Market. The business will sell potato, banana, and sweet potato chips in small, medium, and large sizes, as well as buko juice, buko pandan drink, and buko salad juice. Sana All estimates annual sales of over 2 million pesos from chips and juice sales. The business aims to provide affordable and nutritious snacks while earning a profit and becoming a top snack seller in the area.
Store your meat for years without problems. Dehydrate and vacuum seal your meat, to create one of the best methods of storage possible in your kitchen.
This document provides instructions for making jam from fresh fruits. It describes sorting and cleaning fruits, removing stems, peels, and pits, pulping the fruit, adding sugar and pectin, boiling the mixture until it reaches the right thickness, testing for doneness, bottling the jam in sterilized jars, and storing it for up to one year. The conclusion states that surveys found most jam consumers prefer Kissan brand and find it widely available.
The document provides instructions for preserving strawberries through several methods:
1) Making strawberry jam by cooking crushed strawberries and sugar until thickened, then pouring into sterilized jars.
2) Making freezer jam with added pectin for faster cooking time.
3) Freezing whole, sliced, or pureed strawberries by packing them with or without sugar into containers and freezing.
4) Making strawberry fruit leather by pureeing strawberries and other fruits, spreading the puree thin to dry, and storing the resulting pliable strips.
This document provides an overview of value addition opportunities for mangoes in India. It begins by introducing mango as the king of fruits in India and discusses its cultivation. It then defines value addition as processing raw products to increase value and lists benefits such as reduced losses, employment, and export opportunities. The document proceeds to outline various value addition methods for mangoes like juices, pulps, pickles, chutneys and others. It provides recipes and processing steps for many popular mango products. Finally, it emphasizes the need for awareness, industry linkages and cooperation to effectively implement value addition of mangoes in India.
This document provides information on dehydrating fruits, vegetables, spices and grains. It discusses the purposes of drying foods, which commodities are most suitable for drying, and pre-treatment and processing steps. Commodities like onions, peppers and grains are very suitable for drying, while foods like broccoli and winter squash are not recommended. Successful drying requires heat, air circulation and proper preparation of the food items. Processes like blanching, acid treatments and sulfiting help preserve quality during dehydration. Quality of dried foods can be evaluated by testing for moisture content and enzyme activity.
To make cheese, heat 10 liters of milk to 65-70°C to eliminate harmful flora, then cool it to 40°C and add 250cc of yogurt containing beneficial bacteria. Add rennet to coagulate the proteins, then cut the curds after 1-2 hours and drain the whey. Press the curds together overnight to remove more moisture. The cheese can be salted and aged to develop flavor.
This document provides instructions for freezing various fruits. It discusses methods for freezing fruits including using moisture-proof packaging to retain quality. It recommends selecting fully ripe but firm fruits and freezing them as soon as possible after harvesting. Preparation steps include washing, peeling, slicing, and treating with ascorbic acid or other solutions to prevent browning. Fruits can be packed in syrup, with sugar, or unsweetened and then frozen quickly. Specific instructions are provided for freezing many different types of fruits.
Sana All is proposing to open a snack business called SanaAll Sweet and Spicy Chips in Capas Public Market. The business will sell potato, banana, and sweet potato chips in small, medium, and large sizes, as well as buko juice, buko pandan drink, and buko salad juice. Sana All estimates annual sales of over 2 million pesos from chips and juice sales. The business aims to provide affordable and nutritious snacks while earning a profit and becoming a top snack seller in the area.
Store your meat for years without problems. Dehydrate and vacuum seal your meat, to create one of the best methods of storage possible in your kitchen.
This document discusses preliminary food preparation techniques that are important for cooking healthy and delicious dishes efficiently. It emphasizes that thorough pre-preparation done in a systematic manner allows cooking to proceed smoothly. Proper preliminary steps include assembling tools, collecting ingredients, washing and cutting raw materials. Specific techniques covered include peeling, grinding, grating, soaking, germinating, blanching, marinating, and basic cuts like dicing, julienne, and batonnet cuts which ensure even cooking and enhance appearance. Pre-preparation saves time and energy during the actual cooking process.
This document provides tips and recipes for healthy cooking and eating. It includes sections on smart cooking tricks, healthy recipes, western mix recipes, healthy food facts, and maintaining a healthy kitchen. Some key points include tips for keeping onions fresh longer and reducing cooking time for beans, recipes for palak paneer and Mexican bean salad, food facts about the vitamin content of mangoes and bell peppers, and tips for cleaning the refrigerator and microwave.
This document provides 12 tips for reusing and repurposing leftover or extra food to reduce food waste. Some of the key tips include using green onion roots to regrow green onions, reusing ground coffee for things like repelling ants or removing odors, and turning overripe bananas into banana bread instead of throwing them out. The tips aim to help use up scraps and leftovers rather than letting food go to waste.
This document provides recipes for several healthy snacks including a green smoothie made with fruits and vegetables, overnight oats, muesli bars, and kale chips. The green smoothie recipe calls for blending oranges, apples, banana, spinach, cucumber, avocado, and lemon juice. The overnight oats are made by mixing strawberries, banana, yogurt, oatmeal, and sugar. The muesli bars combine syrup, orange juice, honey, oats, nuts, and dried fruits. And the kale chips are baked kale leaves seasoned with olive oil and salt.
This document provides a recipe for Plank-Grilled Sweet Soy Salmon. The summary is:
The recipe calls for marinating wild salmon fillets in a mixture of soy sauce, sake, mirin, sugar, scallions and ginger. The salmon is then placed skin-side down on a soaked grilling plank and cooked over indirect heat until just cooked through. The plank is used to serve the salmon. The recipe notes that using a plank keeps the fish from sticking to the grill and imparts a subtle smoky flavor.
Buckwheat is technically a fruit, not a grain, that is hardy and thrives in poor soil conditions. While similar in size to wheat kernels, buckwheat has a unique triangular shape requiring special milling. It is used to make flour for pancakes, biscuits, breads, and noodles. Nutritionally, buckwheat protein contains essential amino acids and it is high in vitamins, minerals, and healthy fats. Buckwheat should be stored airtight in a cool, dry place to prevent rancidity and can last up to a year if properly stored.
Canning is a food preservation method that involves heating and sealing foods in airtight containers to increase shelf life. The canning process involves several steps: selection and preparation of raw materials through washing, peeling, cutting; filling cans and adding syrup or brine; exhausting air from cans; sealing; processing to inactivate bacteria; cooling; testing for defects; and labeling and storage. Common foods canned include fruits like mangoes and tomatoes, which are selected, prepared by cutting or peeling, packed in cans with syrup or salt, processed, cooled, and stored. Canning preserves foods for long-term storage through high heat processing that kills microorganisms.
The document provides instructions for preserving peaches in multiple ways:
1) Peach leather is made by pureeing peaches and dehydrating the puree into flexible sheets.
2) Peaches can be frozen by blanching them in a solution to prevent browning, then packing them in sugar or syrup before freezing.
3) Additional freezing methods include making peach puree or pie filling.
4) Peaches can also be dehydrated, canned using a water bath canning process, or stored in syrup packs or with dry sugar. Proper preparation and packaging methods are described to safely preserve the peaches.
The document provides recipes for several dishes, including a fruit smoothie, gluten-free pancakes, chocolate banana cake, fruity tofu cheesecake, vegan peanut butter chocolate chip cookies, flourless chocolate raspberry cakes, berry truffles, and a chocolate ripple cake. The recipes include lists of ingredients and instructions for preparation.
The document provides recipes for several desserts and snacks, including a fruit smoothie, gluten-free pancakes, chocolate banana cake, fruity tofu cheesecake, peanut butter chocolate chip cookies, flourless chocolate raspberry cakes, berry truffles, and a chocolate ripple cake. The recipes include lists of ingredients and instructions for preparing each item.
Freezing technology has made green peas available throughout the year. How are these peas frozen? Get to know more about the varieties and the technology behind 'Freezing of Green Peas' through this presentation..
This document provides instructions for storing various types of pasta. It states that dry pasta can be stored indefinitely in airtight containers in a cool, dry place. Cooked pasta should be stored in the refrigerator for 3-5 days, either unsauced or with the sauce stored separately. Fresh pasta is best used within 2 days but can be refrigerated for longer. Frozen pasta will keep for 8-9 months in the freezer.
This document provides recipes for making cannabis-infused foods and goods. It includes instructions for making infused olive oil, infused butter, an infused pie crust, and chocolate bark. The document emphasizes thoroughly mixing ingredients, using low heat and longer cooking times, starting with low cannabis doses, clearly labeling any infused products, not feeding others edibles without informing them, and keeping cannabis away from pets.
The document provides recipes for several vegan dishes including fruit smoothies, pancakes, chocolate banana cake, fruity tofu cheesecake, peanut butter chocolate chip cookies, flourless chocolate raspberry cakes, berry truffles, and a chocolate ripple cake. The recipes include lists of ingredients and instructions for preparation and baking.
This document contains recipes for several vegan desserts and snacks, including fruit smoothies, pancakes, chocolate banana cake, fruity tofu cheesecake, peanut butter chocolate chip cookies, flourless chocolate raspberry cakes, and berry truffles. The recipes provide lists of ingredients and instructions for making each item.
What a loverly bunch of Coconuts - oil that is!Diane Bjorling
Did you know that according to Dustin Hoffman, the two basic items necessary to sustain like are sunshine and coconut milk?
While I cant argue with such thinking, I will say that coconuts, coconut mile and especially coconunt oil has become one of the most trendy topics in 2015.
I personally use coconuts in various recipes and indeed I have used coconut oil for other purposes other than for cooking with and I have to say I am impressed with the various ways one can use coconut oil, and I have to tell you the ideas ( such as using as a skin softner and helping with scars have been working very well for me)
Let me know how it works for you?
Enjoy
The sirtfood diet recipe book a healthy lifestyle for weight loss gauranshsharma6
EAT TASTY FOOD WHILE ON DIET !
Best diet plan of healthy food recipes for weight loss
this easy healthy food recipes that taste good make you eat everyday
This recipe provides instructions for making a chocolate orange mousse cake. It has five layers: a biscuit base, a chocolate mousse layer, an orange mousse layer, candied orange slices for garnish, and an orange jelly topping. The biscuit base is made by crushing Oreo cookies and mixing with butter. Chocolate and orange mousses are made by beating cream, adding gelatin to juice or melted chocolate, and folding into the beaten cream. Candied orange slices are made by boiling and cooking orange slices in syrup. Orange jelly is made by cooking an orange jelly mix and pouring it over the assembled cake layers in the springform pan.
This recipe provides instructions for making a chocolate orange mousse cake. The cake has layers of biscuit base, chocolate mousse, orange mousse and candied orange slices. It is topped with an orange jelly layer. The biscuit base is made by crushing Oreo biscuits and mixing with melted butter. Chocolate and orange mousses are made by beating cream and mixing with chocolate or orange juice mixtures thickened with gelatin. Candied orange slices are made by boiling and cooking orange slices in sugar syrup. Orange jelly is prepared using an orange jelly mix and poured over the layered cake before chilling.
Part 2 Deep Dive: Navigating the 2024 Slowdownjeffkluth1
Introduction
The global retail industry has weathered numerous storms, with the financial crisis of 2008 serving as a poignant reminder of the sector's resilience and adaptability. However, as we navigate the complex landscape of 2024, retailers face a unique set of challenges that demand innovative strategies and a fundamental shift in mindset. This white paper contrasts the impact of the 2008 recession on the retail sector with the current headwinds retailers are grappling with, while offering a comprehensive roadmap for success in this new paradigm.
Top mailing list providers in the USA.pptxJeremyPeirce1
Discover the top mailing list providers in the USA, offering targeted lists, segmentation, and analytics to optimize your marketing campaigns and drive engagement.
This document discusses preliminary food preparation techniques that are important for cooking healthy and delicious dishes efficiently. It emphasizes that thorough pre-preparation done in a systematic manner allows cooking to proceed smoothly. Proper preliminary steps include assembling tools, collecting ingredients, washing and cutting raw materials. Specific techniques covered include peeling, grinding, grating, soaking, germinating, blanching, marinating, and basic cuts like dicing, julienne, and batonnet cuts which ensure even cooking and enhance appearance. Pre-preparation saves time and energy during the actual cooking process.
This document provides tips and recipes for healthy cooking and eating. It includes sections on smart cooking tricks, healthy recipes, western mix recipes, healthy food facts, and maintaining a healthy kitchen. Some key points include tips for keeping onions fresh longer and reducing cooking time for beans, recipes for palak paneer and Mexican bean salad, food facts about the vitamin content of mangoes and bell peppers, and tips for cleaning the refrigerator and microwave.
This document provides 12 tips for reusing and repurposing leftover or extra food to reduce food waste. Some of the key tips include using green onion roots to regrow green onions, reusing ground coffee for things like repelling ants or removing odors, and turning overripe bananas into banana bread instead of throwing them out. The tips aim to help use up scraps and leftovers rather than letting food go to waste.
This document provides recipes for several healthy snacks including a green smoothie made with fruits and vegetables, overnight oats, muesli bars, and kale chips. The green smoothie recipe calls for blending oranges, apples, banana, spinach, cucumber, avocado, and lemon juice. The overnight oats are made by mixing strawberries, banana, yogurt, oatmeal, and sugar. The muesli bars combine syrup, orange juice, honey, oats, nuts, and dried fruits. And the kale chips are baked kale leaves seasoned with olive oil and salt.
This document provides a recipe for Plank-Grilled Sweet Soy Salmon. The summary is:
The recipe calls for marinating wild salmon fillets in a mixture of soy sauce, sake, mirin, sugar, scallions and ginger. The salmon is then placed skin-side down on a soaked grilling plank and cooked over indirect heat until just cooked through. The plank is used to serve the salmon. The recipe notes that using a plank keeps the fish from sticking to the grill and imparts a subtle smoky flavor.
Buckwheat is technically a fruit, not a grain, that is hardy and thrives in poor soil conditions. While similar in size to wheat kernels, buckwheat has a unique triangular shape requiring special milling. It is used to make flour for pancakes, biscuits, breads, and noodles. Nutritionally, buckwheat protein contains essential amino acids and it is high in vitamins, minerals, and healthy fats. Buckwheat should be stored airtight in a cool, dry place to prevent rancidity and can last up to a year if properly stored.
Canning is a food preservation method that involves heating and sealing foods in airtight containers to increase shelf life. The canning process involves several steps: selection and preparation of raw materials through washing, peeling, cutting; filling cans and adding syrup or brine; exhausting air from cans; sealing; processing to inactivate bacteria; cooling; testing for defects; and labeling and storage. Common foods canned include fruits like mangoes and tomatoes, which are selected, prepared by cutting or peeling, packed in cans with syrup or salt, processed, cooled, and stored. Canning preserves foods for long-term storage through high heat processing that kills microorganisms.
The document provides instructions for preserving peaches in multiple ways:
1) Peach leather is made by pureeing peaches and dehydrating the puree into flexible sheets.
2) Peaches can be frozen by blanching them in a solution to prevent browning, then packing them in sugar or syrup before freezing.
3) Additional freezing methods include making peach puree or pie filling.
4) Peaches can also be dehydrated, canned using a water bath canning process, or stored in syrup packs or with dry sugar. Proper preparation and packaging methods are described to safely preserve the peaches.
The document provides recipes for several dishes, including a fruit smoothie, gluten-free pancakes, chocolate banana cake, fruity tofu cheesecake, vegan peanut butter chocolate chip cookies, flourless chocolate raspberry cakes, berry truffles, and a chocolate ripple cake. The recipes include lists of ingredients and instructions for preparation.
The document provides recipes for several desserts and snacks, including a fruit smoothie, gluten-free pancakes, chocolate banana cake, fruity tofu cheesecake, peanut butter chocolate chip cookies, flourless chocolate raspberry cakes, berry truffles, and a chocolate ripple cake. The recipes include lists of ingredients and instructions for preparing each item.
Freezing technology has made green peas available throughout the year. How are these peas frozen? Get to know more about the varieties and the technology behind 'Freezing of Green Peas' through this presentation..
This document provides instructions for storing various types of pasta. It states that dry pasta can be stored indefinitely in airtight containers in a cool, dry place. Cooked pasta should be stored in the refrigerator for 3-5 days, either unsauced or with the sauce stored separately. Fresh pasta is best used within 2 days but can be refrigerated for longer. Frozen pasta will keep for 8-9 months in the freezer.
This document provides recipes for making cannabis-infused foods and goods. It includes instructions for making infused olive oil, infused butter, an infused pie crust, and chocolate bark. The document emphasizes thoroughly mixing ingredients, using low heat and longer cooking times, starting with low cannabis doses, clearly labeling any infused products, not feeding others edibles without informing them, and keeping cannabis away from pets.
The document provides recipes for several vegan dishes including fruit smoothies, pancakes, chocolate banana cake, fruity tofu cheesecake, peanut butter chocolate chip cookies, flourless chocolate raspberry cakes, berry truffles, and a chocolate ripple cake. The recipes include lists of ingredients and instructions for preparation and baking.
This document contains recipes for several vegan desserts and snacks, including fruit smoothies, pancakes, chocolate banana cake, fruity tofu cheesecake, peanut butter chocolate chip cookies, flourless chocolate raspberry cakes, and berry truffles. The recipes provide lists of ingredients and instructions for making each item.
What a loverly bunch of Coconuts - oil that is!Diane Bjorling
Did you know that according to Dustin Hoffman, the two basic items necessary to sustain like are sunshine and coconut milk?
While I cant argue with such thinking, I will say that coconuts, coconut mile and especially coconunt oil has become one of the most trendy topics in 2015.
I personally use coconuts in various recipes and indeed I have used coconut oil for other purposes other than for cooking with and I have to say I am impressed with the various ways one can use coconut oil, and I have to tell you the ideas ( such as using as a skin softner and helping with scars have been working very well for me)
Let me know how it works for you?
Enjoy
The sirtfood diet recipe book a healthy lifestyle for weight loss gauranshsharma6
EAT TASTY FOOD WHILE ON DIET !
Best diet plan of healthy food recipes for weight loss
this easy healthy food recipes that taste good make you eat everyday
This recipe provides instructions for making a chocolate orange mousse cake. It has five layers: a biscuit base, a chocolate mousse layer, an orange mousse layer, candied orange slices for garnish, and an orange jelly topping. The biscuit base is made by crushing Oreo cookies and mixing with butter. Chocolate and orange mousses are made by beating cream, adding gelatin to juice or melted chocolate, and folding into the beaten cream. Candied orange slices are made by boiling and cooking orange slices in syrup. Orange jelly is made by cooking an orange jelly mix and pouring it over the assembled cake layers in the springform pan.
This recipe provides instructions for making a chocolate orange mousse cake. The cake has layers of biscuit base, chocolate mousse, orange mousse and candied orange slices. It is topped with an orange jelly layer. The biscuit base is made by crushing Oreo biscuits and mixing with melted butter. Chocolate and orange mousses are made by beating cream and mixing with chocolate or orange juice mixtures thickened with gelatin. Candied orange slices are made by boiling and cooking orange slices in sugar syrup. Orange jelly is prepared using an orange jelly mix and poured over the layered cake before chilling.
Part 2 Deep Dive: Navigating the 2024 Slowdownjeffkluth1
Introduction
The global retail industry has weathered numerous storms, with the financial crisis of 2008 serving as a poignant reminder of the sector's resilience and adaptability. However, as we navigate the complex landscape of 2024, retailers face a unique set of challenges that demand innovative strategies and a fundamental shift in mindset. This white paper contrasts the impact of the 2008 recession on the retail sector with the current headwinds retailers are grappling with, while offering a comprehensive roadmap for success in this new paradigm.
Top mailing list providers in the USA.pptxJeremyPeirce1
Discover the top mailing list providers in the USA, offering targeted lists, segmentation, and analytics to optimize your marketing campaigns and drive engagement.
At Techbox Square, in Singapore, we're not just creative web designers and developers, we're the driving force behind your brand identity. Contact us today.
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1921.pdf
1. BANANA CHIPS
Introduction
There are two different methods for making
banana chips. One of these is to deep fry thin
slices of banana in hot oil, in the same way as
potato chips or crisps. The other is to dry slices
of banana, either in the sun or using a solar or
artificial dryer. The products made by the two
methods are quite different. The deep fried
chips tend to be a savoury, high calorie product
that is eaten as a snack food. Because they are
deep fried in oil they have a fairly short shelf life-
up to 2 months maximum when stored in the
correct conditions. The oil is prone to turning
rancid and the crisps to becoming soft if they are
not stored in air-tight containers.
The dried chips are a more ‘wholesome’ product. They too are eaten as a snack food and are
often added to cereal mixes such as muesli. The chips can be dried without any additives or
they can be coated with a syrup or honey dip prior to drying which gives a sweeter tasting,
higher calorie and possibly more attractive looking product. Chips made by drying have a longer
shelf life (up to 6 months) as long as they are dried to a low moisture content and stored in a
cool dry place.
Bananas can also be dried whole or in long strips until they are leathery and chewy. They have
a higher sugar content and are not crispy like the dried chips. They are sometimes referred to as
banana figs.
This brief explains how to make fried banana and plantain chips and dried banana chips. Any
starchy fruit such as under-ripe jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus).
Fried banana chips
Principles of preservation
Under-ripe mature banana or plantain is cut into thin slices and fried to a crisp texture. The
slices can be partially dried before frying which removes some of the moisture and makes them
more crispy. Frying removes some of the water, gelatinizes the starch, destroys enzymes and
micro-organisms and gives a crisp product with a characteristic aroma and taste. The low
moisture content inhibits microbial growth and packaging prevents recontamination.
Equipment needed
Knives or small fruit slicer
Plastic buckets or bowls for soaking fruit
Plastic sieve for draining the soak water
Drying trays (solar drying)
Drying cabinet (for assisted drying)
Large frying pan or wok
Thermometer
Polythene bags
Bag sealer
Selection of raw material
It is essential to use under-ripe green bananas as these have the correct texture for drying and
frying. If plantain is used, select nearly ripe fruit that has stiff and starchy flesh. Ripe and over
ripe bananas and plantains should not be used as the texture is too soft to make the chips.
Figure 1: Banana chips. Photo: Neil Noble /
Practical Action.
2. Banana chips Practical Action
2
For banana figs, fully ripe fruits with a sugar content of about 20% are used.
Preparation of raw material
Bananas should be peeled just before they are used because when the flesh is exposed to the
air it turns brown. This does not affect the eating quality but it does not look very attractive.
Peeled bananas can be prevented from turning brown by brushing them with a solution of
ascorbic acid (vitamin C) or the juice from lemon, lime or orange. Alternatively, the peeled
banana slices can be soaked in a solution of citric acid (made by mixing 1 part lemon juice with
2-3 parts water) for 3-5 minutes. Do not leave the slices in the water for longer than this as they
become too wet and soft and will take longer to dry. Remove the slices from the water and allow
to drain.
Slice the bananas crosswise or diagonally crosswise for the smaller bananas into slices that are
about 5-8mm thick. Try to ensure that all pieces are the same thickness so that they all dry and
fry at the same rate. A packet of banana chips of varying thicknesses is less attractive than one
in which the pieces are of uniform thickness. You can use a small kitchen slicer to ensure that
the pieces are of uniform thickness.
Pre-treat the slices with acidified water, a solution of ascorbic acid, a fruit juice dip or a honey dip
to prevent them from browning.
Ascorbic acid solution: Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) mixed with water is a safe way to prevent
fruit browning. In some places, ascorbic acid is available in the powdered or tablet form, from
pharmacies or grocery stores. One teaspoon of powdered ascorbic acid is equal to 3000 mg
ascorbic acid in tablet form. (If you buy 500 mg tablets, this would be six tablets). Mix 1 teaspoon
of powdered ascorbic acid (or 3000 mg of ascorbic acid tablets, crushed) in 2 cups water. Place
the fruit in the solution for 3 to 5 minutes. Remove fruit, drain well and place on the dryer trays.
Fruit juice dip: A fruit juice that is high in vitamin C can be used as a pre-treatment, though it is
less effective than pure ascorbic acid. Juices high in vitamin C include orange, lemon,
pineapple, grape and cranberry. Each juice adds its own colour and flavour to the fruit. Place
enough juice to cover the fruit in a bowl. Add the cut fruit and soak for 3 to 5 minutes. Remove
fruit, drain well and place on dryer trays. This solution can be used twice before being replaced
(the used juice can be consumed).
Honey dip: Mix 1 cup of sugar with 3 cups of boiling water. Add 1 cup of honey to the sugar mix
and stir to make a liquid dip. Either place the banana slices into the dip for 3-5 minutes and then
remove, or brush the chips with the dip after they have been placed on the dryer tray. Dried
banana chips dipped in honey are sweeter and have a higher energy value than those that are
not dipped. Many of the commercially available banana chips have been dipped in honey or a
syrup solution prior to drying.
Fried banana chips
Some processors partially dry the banana chips before frying them. This is to remove some of
the moisture from the chips before drying, which results in crispier banana chips. However,
during the time that they are drying, the banana slices are prone to darkening which reduces the
quality of the final product. You can also fry the banana slices without drying them. If you soak
them in a syrup or salt solution before frying, drain them well before drying to ensure that they
are dry before they go in the oil.
Dry the sliced bananas for a short time (5-6 hours in a cabinet dryer or up to 2 days in a solar
dryer) until they have a soft rubbery texture. The length of time taken for drying depends on the
thickness of the banana slices, the temperature of the dryer and the drying conditions.
Heat good clean vegetable oil to 180-200°
C. Use a thermometer to check the temperature of
the oil because if it is too hot, the chips will burn and the oil will deteriorate more rapidly (see the
box on quality of oil and frying). If the oil is not hot enough, the chips will soak up too much oil
before they fry. A thermostatically controlled deep fat fryer is useful if you have one available.
The oil should not be used for frying more than three to four times as it deteriorates each time it
is heated and this will spoil the flavour of the chips.
3. Banana chips Practical Action
3
Add a few banana chips to the oil (enough so that one layer of chips fit into the pan). If you add
too many chips at one time the temperature of the oil will drop and the chips will take longer to
cook. Fry the banana chips. Remove them from the oil with a straining spoon when they rise to
the surface of the oil and are a golden brown colour. The chips will cook very quickly, so take
care that they do not burn. The more chips in the oil at any one time, the longer they will take to
cook. It is useful to have a mesh basket for frying the chips as this enables you to remove them
from the oil more quickly when they are ready. The chips are placed into the mesh basket, this is
lowered into the hot oil, shaken a little to move the chips around in the oil and then lifted out as
soon as the chips are golden brown. For larger operations, it is useful to have more than one
basket so that one can be removed from the fryer, the oil allowed to return to the desired
temperature and then a second basket is lowered in.
Leave the chips in the basket to drain off the excess oil (collect this oil as it can be returned to
the fryer and re-used).
When the chips have cooled slightly, and while they are still sticky with the warm oil, add the
desired flavourings - for example salt, pepper or chilli powder. Cool to room temperature, weigh
into moisture proof, airtight bags, label and seal the bags. Store the bags in a cool place away
from direct sunlight. The fried chips have a short shelf life of about 2 months, so make sure that
they are sold or consumed well within this time.
Fried banana chips - process flow-chart
Green, under-ripe bananas
Peeling (as quickly as possible to avoid browning)
Soaking in citric acid or ascorbic acid solution
Slicing into 5-8mm thick slices, ensure uniform size pieces
Soaking in ascorbic acid, honey dip or citric acid solution for 3-5
minutes
Drain
Drying for 5-6 hours at 60°
C (optional) until rubbery texture
Frying (180-200°
C) until golden brown
Drain out oil
Cooling
Spicing
Packaging
Storage – in a cool place away from direct sunlight. Up to 2 months
4. Banana chips Practical Action
4
Plantain chips
A similar fried product can be made from green plantain, which is a cooking banana. The slices
of plantain are fried in palm oil and sprinkled with salt. The palm oil gives the chips a reddish
golden colour. The chips are about 2mm thick, have a crisp texture and a starchy, salty taste.
They have a shelf life of 2-3 months if packed in moisture proof packets and stored in a cool
place.
Selection and preparation of raw material
Use nearly ripe fruit in which the flesh is stiff and starchy – over-ripe fruit cannot be used as the
texture is too soft. Wash well in clean water to remove dirt and surface micro-organisms.
Remove the skins. Only peel the plantain when you are ready to use them or the flesh will start
to turn brown. Store the peeled plantain in acidified water (1 part lemon juice to 2-3 parts water)
to slow down the browning reaction.
Cut by hand or using a manual slicer to give slices approximately 2mm thick. Make sure that the
slices are all uniform thickness so that they cook at the same rate.
Soaking of slices
Dip the slices of plantain in a solution of 5% salt for 10-20 minutes. Remove from the water and
drain to remove the excess water.
Fry
Place the chips in a mesh basket and lower into the oil. Deep fry in palm oil at about 150°
C for 2-
3 minutes until crisp and golden. Lift out the basket as soon as the chips are golden brown.
Leave the chips in the basket to drain off the excess oil (collect this oil as it can be returned to
the fryer and re-used). For larger operations, it is useful to have more than one basket so that
one can be removed from the fryer, the oil allowed to return to the desired temperature and then
a second basket is lowered in.
Make sure that the temperature of the oil does not get too high or the chips will burn. If
available, use a thermostatically controlled fryer. If not, use a thermometer to check the
temperature. Do not use the frying oil more than 3-4 times as it will start to turn rancid and give
the chips an off flavour.
When the chips have cooled slightly, and while they are still sticky with the warm oil, add the
desired flavourings - for example salt, pepper or chilli powder. Cool to room temperature, weigh
into moisture-proof, airtight bags, label and seal the bags. Store the bags in a cool place away
from direct sunlight. The fried chips have a short shelf life of about 2 months, so make sure that
they are sold or consumed well within this time.
5. Banana chips Practical Action
5
Sun-dried banana chips
Sun-dried banana chips are a popular snack food. They are made by drying the banana pieces
on trays under the sun. A solar dryer or cabinet dryer can be used if available – both these
interventions will produce higher quality banana chips. See the Practical Action technical brief
on drying for further information on the practicalities of drying at the small scale.
Equipment needed
Knives or small fruit slicer
Plastic buckets or bowls for soaking fruit
Plastic sieve for draining the soak water
Drying trays (solar drying)
Drying cabinet (for assisted drying)
Polythene bags
Bag sealer
Selection and preparation of raw material
The selection and preparation of raw material is the same as for fried bananas above.
Drying
After soaking the banana slices in honey, syrup or fruit juice dip, drain the pieces well and place
on the drying tray. If you do not want to soak the pieces prior to drying, it is possible to paint with
a honey solution once the slices are laid on the drying trays.
Place the pieces as close together as possible on the drying trays to ensure the maximum drying
capacity. The pieces must not be touching or overlapping each other. If drying outside in the
sun, cover the tray with a piece of muslin cloth to protect from insects and dust. Place in the
drying position or into the solar dryer. If you are using a cabinet dryer, dry the pieces at 60°
C.
Leave the pieces in the dryer until they are crispy and dry – the length of time taken will vary
according to the type of dryer used, the climate and the level of humidity. Do not dry too quickly
Oil, frying and quality control
Most oils used for frying are of vegetable origin but there is no reason why animal fats cannot
be used. The oil used has a great impact on the taste, texture and keeping quality of the final
product. For example, palm oil gives products a red colour. Mustard seed oil gives fried
foods a distinctive sulphur-like flavour. Fats and oils are subject to a type of deterioration
known as rancidity. This produces disagreeable odours and flavours and makes the fried
foods unpalatable. Some oils are more prone to rancidity than others and this is important
when considering which oil to use. In many countries, however, there is only one type of oil
widely available at the lowest cost and processors will use this, despite rancidity problems, if
it gives a flavour that is acceptable.
The amount of oil required for frying will vary according to whether the product is to be
shallow fried or deep fried. The temperature to which the oil is heated is not limited by a
boiling point as with water. Heated oil does however reach a stage at which it breaks down to
fumes, which is known as the smoke point. It is important that oils do not reach the smoke
point when used for frying as this will cause the oil to deteriorate more rapidly and increase
the danger of it catching fire. Suitable temperatures for frying are between 180 and 200°
C.
Frying can take place using a simple pan heated by an open fire or other heat source.
Alternatively, for deep frying, an electrically powered fryer fitted with a thermostatic control
gives more control over heating for larger quantities of food.
At the end of the frying operation, the oil should be left to cool and then filtered to remove all
particles of food that have accumulated in the bottom of the pan or fryer. These burnt pieces
of food will cause the oil to spoil more rapidly.
The cost of oil is one of the major factors to calculate when considering starting to produce
fried chips. The quality of the finished product is highly dependent on having good quality,
clean oil.
6. Banana chips Practical Action
6
or the pieces may dry on the outside before the middles are fully dry.
Remember that the banana slices will discolour during drying. To maintain a good bright colour,
the drying process should be as short as possible.
After drying, cool to room temperature and package in moisture-proof packaging. Label and
store in a cool place away from direct sunlight.
References and further reading
Drying of Foods Practical Action Technical Brief
Small-scale Drying Technologies Practical Action Technical Brief
Adding Value to Bananas Food Chain No 21, July 1997, ITDG
Traditional Foods: Processing for Profit by P. Fellows, IT Publications, 1997
Practical Action Bangladesh has produced a booklet on green banana chips production in
Bangla.
Dried banana chips - process flow-chart
Green, under-ripe bananas
Peeling (as quickly as possible to avoid browning)
Soaking in citric acid or ascorbic acid solution
Slicing into 5-8mm thick slices, ensure uniform size pieces
Soaking in honey dip or syrup solution for 3-5 minutes
Drain
Drying for 8 hours at 60°
C or 1-2 days in a solar dryer
Packaging
Storage – in a cool place away from direct sunlight. Up to 2 months
Practical Action
The Schumacher Centre for Technology and Development
Bourton-on-Dunsmore
Rugby, Warwickshire, CV23 9QZ
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 (0)1926 634400
Fax: +44 (0)1926 634401
E-mail: inforserv@practicalaction.org.uk
Website: http://www.practicalaction.org/
This document was produced by Dr. S Azam Ali for Practical Action in March
2008. Dr. S Azam-Ali is a consultant in food processing and nutrition with over 15
years experience of working with small-scale processors in developing countries.