17398351 sap-system-copy-homcopyv1

Type Handbook Document
Area SAP Basis
Topic Homogeneous System Copy using Online/Offline Database Backup
Author Huseyin Bilgen

System Copy Guides

Volume 1

Homogeneous System Copy using Online/Offline
Database Backup

By

basisconsultant.com

All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 2001-2003.basisconsultant.com Page 1 of 9

Area SAP Basis

Reasons for Copying a SAP System
SAP recommends that you make a system copy in order to build a test, demo, training or standby
system (Oracle and Informix: standby systems cannot be created with a system copy). You should
perform upgrades in a test system first. This way you can identify customer pecific problems which
might result from modifications. Thus, we can sort the general needs for a system copy as follow:

To create a new training system for end-user or project team education
To create a DEMO system
To create a Test system for upgrade or other purposes.
To recover a system on another machine with the same platform after a crash.
To copy large clients. If a client very large to export/import, it is better to do a system copy rather
than client transport.

If a system copy takes place between systems with same platform ( operating system and database
system ) , we call this HOMOGENEOUS SYSTEM COPY.

If The system copy takes place between systems with different platforms ( at least one of the
component must be different, OS or RDBMS ), we call this HETEROGENEOUS SYSTEM COPY.

There 3 ways of a Homogeneous System Copy in R/3 Systems.

1. Homogeneous System Copy using Online / Offline Database Backup.
2. Homogeneous System Copy using R3LOAD Procedure.
3. Homogeneous System Copy using R3COPY Procedure.

This guide is prepared for a Homogeneous System Copy using Online/Offline Database Backup.

The procedure described tested on AIX 4.3.3/Oracle 8.1.7, AIX 5.1/Oracle 8.1.7, AIX 5.1/Oracle 9.2.0
and Win2K/Oracle 8.1.7 platforms.

The command reference given in this guide is taken from a homogeneous system copy done on AIX
4.3.3/Oracle 8.1.7 platform. Differences of other platforms such as Windows will be shown in the same
sections.

Homogeneous System Copy using Online/Offline Database
Backup
This guide is prepared for a Homogeneous System Copy using Online/Offline Database Backup.
Steps for a Homogeneous system copy are briefly as below:

Preparations on Target System.
Restore Online/Offline Backup of Source System onto Target System.
Create CONTROLFILE creation script on Source System.
Modification of CONTROLFILE script and creation of CONTROLFILEs of Target System.
Recovery of Oracle Database on Target System.
Completion of System Copy

Prerequisites
Following conditions must be provided to copy a system:

Both Source and Target Systems must have Same Operating System and Database System. Also
Patch levels must be same.
You have sufficient free space for sapdata directories on target system.
For Windows systems, you have to create all drives where datafiles resides on source system.
Use most current database backup in order to shorten database creation time.


Area SAP Basis

Procedure
1. Data and Log directories on target system must be cleaned before restoring source database.
Here below are the commands to clean directories. Before this, you have to stop all SAP and
Oracle processes.

# su - <targetsid>adm
# stopsap all
# exit
# su – ora<targetsid>
# lsnrctl stop
# exit
# cd /oracle/<SID>/
# rm –rf sapdata?/*
# rm –rf origlog?/*
# rm –rf mirrlog?
# rm –rf sapreorg/*
# rm –rf saparch/*
# rm –rf saptrace/usertrace/*
# rm –rf saptrace/background/*
# rm –rf sapbackup/*
# rm –rf sapcheck/*

On Windows systems, SAP and Oracle services can be stopped via the following commandline
program after logging as <sid>adm:

ntscmgr stop SAP<SID>_<SYSNO>
ntscmgr stop SAPOSCOL
ntscmgr stop OracleService<SID>

2. You have to resize the following file systems before restore process. Take into account sizes of
source system.

/oracle/<SID>/sapdata1
/oracle/<SID>/saparch

3. After cleaning necessary file systems/directories, you have to restore most current database
backup to target system. For this, find the detail backup log (e.g. bdkxxsrh.anf) for that backup on
source system. You can determine this from back<SID>.log summary backup log file or using
DB12.


Area SAP Basis

DB12 - Backup Logs

back<SID>.log File

Copy this detailed backup log file into /oracle/<TSID>/sapbackup directory on target system. Use
BRRESTORE command below to restore the source database on target system. You can also
restore datafiles and online redolog files (if you are using offline backup) using backup tools such
as BACKFM tool of IBM TSM.

On Windows systems, while restoring source database on target system, you have to keep
same mount points for Oracle Data Directories.
For example if all of your source data directories resides on "d:>" disk
(d:oracle<SSID>sapdatax), then you have to create data dirs. at target system on "d:>" disk.
After restore process, you can change the directories. For example you can distribute sapdatax
directories on many disks. This will be mentioned in CONTROLFILE creation step later.

3.a. Mount the necessary backup volume on target system.

3.b. Use the following command to begin restore:

# su - ora<tsid>
# cd sapbackup
# brrestore -m full -b <det_log_file> -c (det_log_file= for example bdkxxsrh.anf)

At the first step of restore, system will recognize that the Oracle SID is different on target
machine (where the restore command executed) and in backup. Also, Oracle_Home
parameters in backup and in current system will be different and recognized by brrestore. But
the restore command will restore the datafiles to match current systems file system. Here is a
sample log of a restore.


Area SAP Basis

All the datafiles and online redolog files (only for Offline DB Backup) must be successfully
restored.

At this step, there are 3 probability that must be take into account for the following steps.

You are using an online database backup of source system to create target system.
You have to find and put all archive files created during online backup into target systems
archive directory to be able to recover database. You can also apply all the archives created
from the online backup start time to latest available.
You are using an offline database backup of source system which is running in
ARCHIVELOG mode to create target system.
You may find the archive files created after offline backup on source system to make database
current on target system via applying during recovery.
You are using an offline database backup of source system which is running in
NOARCHIVELOG mode to create target system.
You don't have any archive files created on source system so you don't need anything.

Those differences will be detailed in recovery step.

4. After restoring datafiles and redolog files, a scripts must be prepared on source system to create
CONTROLFILE of target system. For this you have 2 option.

4.a. You can use R3COPY program which is under "/kernel/UNIX/COMMON" directory of Kernel
CD. This program can be used only on UNIX systems. For Windows systems, "4.b" option
must be used.
Run this program by ora<sid> user on source system. After some confirmations, execute
step "(a) Source system: Generating the script CONTROL.SQL".
This will create a script named CONTROL.SQL under /oracle/<SSID>/sapreorg directory.
Copy this script into target system (any directory). This file is ready for execution and doesn't
require any modification.

4.b. SVRMGRL or SQLPLUS can create a scrpit to create controlfile using current
CONTROLFILE content. Login to source system as ora<sid> user and execute the following
SVRMGRL/SQLPLUS commands. To be able to execute following commands, database
must be at least in MOUNT mode..


Area SAP Basis

# svrmgrl
SVRMGR> connect internal
SVRMGR> alter database backup controlfile to trace;
SVRMGR> exit

As a result of this command, a trace file (e.g. ora_54764_hvd.trc ) will be created under
/oracle/<SSID>/saptace/usertrace directory. File can be determined by sorting according to
modification/creation dates (UNIX: # ls –ltr). Most current file must be cheched.

You have to edit this file to be able to use for CONTROLFILE creation on target system.

Rename file name as CONTROL.SQL
Open file to edit using VI (UNIX) or NOTEPAD (WIN).
Remove all lines before "STARTUP MOUNT" line. Delete all commented "#" lines. Also
remove all lines after CHARACTER SET WE8DEC;" line.
Change all Source SID's to Target SID via following commands.

UNIX (VI): :%s/<SSID>/<TSID>/g
WIN (NOTEPAD): CTRL+H

Change the line

CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE ‘SSID’ NORESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG;

as follow

CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE SET DATABASE ‘TSID’ RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG;

If you want to change datafile or redolog file destinations, first move the files on target
destination at OS level, then edit CONTROL.SQL file for new destinations.

If structural changes made in database on source system just after the backup restored on
target machine, differences will exists between datafiles in sapdata directories and datafiles
referenced in CONTROL.SQL file. Because CONTROL.SQL file is created for the current
status of source system, but later added files doen't exists in backup so in target system. To
overcome this problem, just delete the datafiles from CONTROL.SQL file.

If you don't know which files are created after the backup, let the problems arise during
CONTROLFILE creation command, and delete the files mentioned as error from
CONTROL.SQL and re-run creation command.

After deletion and successful creation of CONTROLFILE's on target system, you have to take
into account the following subjects:

If you are not going to recover database to the most current status using archive files, then
there is no problem.
But if you are planning to recover database to the most current status using archive files,
then deleted datafiles will be problem later while application of archive files. At this
moment, we offer you to keep datafile names you deleted during CONTROLFILE creation
and add those datafiles with the same sizes on source system after CONTROLFILE
creation.

5. After CONTROL.SQL script preparation, following commands must be run to create
CONTROLFILE of target system:



Area SAP Basis

# svrmgrl
SVRMGR> connect internal
SVRMGR> @/<path_to_file>/control.sql

You have to guarantee the successful completion of this command as follow:

SVRMGR> @control.sql
Statement processed.
SVRMGR>

6. Database will be in inconsistent status after creation of CONTROLFILE. This can be viewed by
trying to open the database.

SVRMGR> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open
SVRMGR> alter database open resetlogs;
alter database open resetlogs
*
ORA-01195: online backup of file 1 needs more recovery to be consistent
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/<hedefSID>/sapdata1/system_1/system.data1'

At this step, a recovery must be made in order to be able to use the database.

7. 3 type of recovery can be made, according to your status mentioned at the end of STEP-3. all the
recovery types must be used by "USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE" as CONTROLFILE is created
manually.

7.a. If your source system is runnig in NOARCHIVELOG mode, then you have to use the
following command to recover database.

SVRMGR> recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;

7.b. If you restored an online backup on target system and put all the archive files created since
online backup start time, use the following commands.

SVRMGR> recover database using backup controlfile;

After execution of this command, Oracle will ask for archive files to be consistent. As archive
files contains only database changes commands, you will use source system archive file on
new systems database recovery. Copy all archive files created since online backup on source
system to archive directory of target system. Archive file names are different from asked
during recovery session. You can change archive file names for target system via the
following script.

cd /oracle/<TSID>/saparch
for i in `ls|grep <SSID>`;
do
file_name=`echo $i |cut -dD -f2`;
mv $i <TSID>${file_name};
done

Alternatively you can enter file names manually as required by recovery session as follow:

SVRMGR> recover database using backup controlfile;
ORA-00279: change 44138924 generated at 03/26/2003 00:00:24 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /oracle/HVS/saparch/HVSarch1_22746.dbf


Area SAP Basis

ORA-00280: change 44138924 for thread 1 is in sequence #22746
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
/oracle/HVS/saparch/HVDarch1_22746.dbf
Log applied.

After application of all necessary archives (at least all the archives created during online
backup must be applied. Archives from this point can be applied to make database current),
next request for archive is cancelled via CANCEL command.

CANCEL
Media recovery cancelled.
SVRMGR>

But recovery session must be started with the following command and cancelled again to ba
able to start database.

SVRMGR> recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;
CANCEL
Media recovery cancelled.
SVRMGR>

Otherwise following error will arise during database opening.

alter database open resetlogs
*
ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/HVS/sapdata1/system_1/system.data1'

To open database, use the following command:

Statement processed.
SVRMGR>

7.c. If you restored an offline backup on target system, you can recover database to the time of
backup completed or you can recover database to the most current status using archive files.
The archive application and statup of database is same as an online backed up database
copy in "7.b".

8. after opening database, LISTENER process must be started.

# lsnrctl start

On Windows systems, Oracle Listener is started as below:

ntscmgr start OracleOraHome817TNSListener

9. To open SAP system, use the following commands.


Area SAP Basis

# su - <targetsid>adm
# startsap

On Windows systems, Oracle Listener is started as below:

ntscmgr start SAP<SID>_<SYSNO>
ntscmgr start SAPOSCOL
ntscmgr start OracleService<SID>
startsap name=<TSID> nr=<SYSNO> SAPDIAHOST=<target systems hostname>

10. As your Hardware Key is not changed, you don't have to get additional License Key from
SAPNET. You can use previous systems (on target system, if SID is not changed) License in new
system created on target system.

11. Logon to the SAP R/3 System and goto TCODE SE06. Select "Database Copy or Migration" and
execute "Post Installation Processing".

SE06

Change all of the Source System Objects to Target System Objects as asked.

12. Delete old TMS configuration and make new configuration for TMS via STMS TCODE.

13. After all of above steps, you have completed a System Copy using Online/Offline Database
Backup.


17398351 sap-system-copy-homcopyv1

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