Final Project: Exploring Religious Beliefs and Artifacts

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FINAL PROJECT: SPEAKING NOTES
Final Project: Speaking Notes
Student
Instructor
Course
Date
Slide 1: Overview of my artifacts
I will be working on the theme of beliefs. I will be looking into
some past religious artifacts such as the classical art pieces of
Jesus, Moses, etc. I will explain what the artworks mean to me
and I will also allow the audience to give their interpretati on of
what I am showing. I will be able to portray the theme of
religion, beliefs, and time by comparing the different pieces.
Slide 2: Theme’s Impact on my audience
I believe that as people grow up from birth, they do not have
much power in the religion they would like to associate with.
Parents have become the sole determinants of where our faith
and religion lie and I would like to allow my audience to think
through the choices that were made for them. I believe that this
presentation will help my audience ponder and see whether they
will still choose the religion and beliefs they grew up knowing.
For instance, some of the audience members may have been
brought up with the notion that there is only one God, a
supernatural being, yet they probably doubt it and they would
choose to be atheists in their adulthood.

Evidence
I grew up in a very strict family and my parents forced me to go
to church every other Sunday. I never liked church because I
felt like I lived a fake life. Besides, I noticed that most church
members were not staunch and some did some actions that were
against the church teachings. However, my mother could not
hear it and I only got the freedom to do as I chose after I got my
ID. Typically, my religion was forced and I am so glad that I am
in a better situation now although my past experiences make me
question my life choices from time to time.
Slide 4: Importance of my theme and artifacts
I chose this theme because I like exploring the past Roman
culture and I also grew up as a Christian. I feel like this project
provides a chance to explore the similarities between the two.
Just like the languages that have the same roots, I think that
religions are also tied and this research will help demonstrate
this. My audience and I will get a chance to be open-minded and
not just think within the religious confinements.
Slide 5: Benefit of studying Humanities
Humanities is a means for people to be open-minded about
different things such as cultures, religions, etc., and helps us
comprehend what sets us apart from other people. Personally,
taking this course has helped me identify different artifacts and
it has given me different perspectives on things.
Slide 6: Importance to society
One of the greatest benefits of studying humanities is learning
how to express compassion. Compassion is wide and having it
since childhood would help us appreciate and respect everyone's
religion. Besides, our parents would not force religion on us but
rather, children would have the freedom to choose where they
truly belong. I believe that humanities teach children different
religions and history in schools so that children can have their
own beliefs and thoughts.

Running head: INTEGRATION PAPER 1
Integration Paper
Deanna Wallace
Liberty University
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INTEGRATION PAPER 2
Abstract
The big question seems to be: Can psychology and theology be
integrated and work
together? Entwistle proposes many methods of integration but
his most agreeable model is the
Allies model. In this paper the strengths of the Allies model and
the weaknesses of this model
will be thoroughly researched. The purpose of this paper is to

inform others about the Allies
model views and how it integrates psychology and theology.
The Allies model seems to be the
most reliable but because of human error and real-life situations
varying drastically, any model
will have some imperfections. How this model works with its
imperfections, and uses its
strengths and weaknesses to integrate Christianity and
psychology, are what make it one of the
most reliable.
INTEGRATION PAPER 3
Through the years, many have disputed whether Christianity and
psychology could work
together. This debate has brought about four different models
that people view as ways to
integrate the two subjects. Being that there are four different
views on how to integrate these

topics, many are still confused as to which model is the most
accurate. The best model that
integrates the psychology and theology would be the Allies
model. It creates a relationship
between psychology and Christianity that demonstrates a
relationship that works well together
even through its flaws.
Methods of Knowing
Entwistle provides four methods to help people begin to
understand any ideology that
they are presented with. The four methods are appeals to
authority, logic, empiricism, and
hermeneutics.
The first method of knowing, appeals to authority, is described
as knowledge passed
down from authority figures such as a pastoral team, parents, or
someone more deeply educated
on the topic. There are four items that determine how reliable
this method is. The first is that the
information coming from the authority figure must be relevant
to what is trying to be validated.
The second is that the authority figure must have a significant
amount of knowledge about the

situation. The third is that the knowledge must be honest, not
withholding in any way. The fourth
is the accuracy of communication. The second method of
knowing is logic. Using this method,
you must separate the belief from the reasoning of the
argument. This method measures how
much consistency the argument contained and if the argument
presented any contradictions
within itself. The third method is empiricism, which uses
experience to determine whether and
argument is sound. Finally the fourth method is hermeneutics.
Hermeneutics uses somewhat of a
scientific method to view the argument. Using scripture as a
research tool is the basis for the
INTEGRATION PAPER 4
fourth method. “The Allies model is premised on the belief that
God’s truths are revealed in the

book of God’s Word (Scripture) and the book of God’s Works
(creation)” (Entwistle, 2015).
These four methods are helpful in understanding and forming an
argument to defend
which model a person stands by. Appeals to authority shows
reliability, Logic provides solid,
concrete information, Empiricism provides experience as proof,
and Hermeneutics provides
research to Scripturally support the model.
The Allies Model
The Allies model shows how psychology and theology can truly
work together. “This
model rejects the claim of the Enemies model that psychology
and Theology are mutually
exclusive, although it recognizes that there have been tensions
and misunderstandings that have
fostered such antagonism. The Allies model agrees with the
Spies model that good psychology
can be found in religion, but it categorically rejects the claim
that religion is only valuable as a
vehicle to express psychological truths and to foster
psychological benefits” (Entwistle, 2015).
This model strives to take Christianity as a whole and

psychology as a whole and integrate them
together using their similarities. This model does illustrate that
each subject is still a separate
entity but that both are under God’s authority.
Allies: Two Book Concept
The Two Book Concept is the idea that God gave us two books
to be taken into
consideration when integrating psychology and Christianity.
Those two books are God’s Word
and God’s Works. The Allies model accepts each book because
in both books “God’s truths are
revealed” (Entwistle, 2015, p. 250). This concept describes God
as the author of both
Christianity and science. That means that God is the author of
psychology as well. If He is the
INTEGRATION PAPER 5

author of Christianity and psychology, then they must coincide.
In the Bibe, John says, “Through
him all things were made; without him nothing was made that
has been made” (John 1:3, NIV).
I agree where Entwistle states, “The way we read God's books
will either lead us to revere our
Author or to worship one of His creatures. Thus, one aim of
integration should be simply and
profoundly to stand in awe of, and to worship, our Creator”
(Entwistle, 2015).
Strengths
Each model will have its strengths that allow people to use as
“proof” that their model is
the “true model.” What is so special about the Allies model is
how it truly begins to integrate
Christianity and psychology instead of separating them or
pitting them against one another. The
Allies model instead claims that God and His Word are right.
God has dominion over all, even
psychology. He created psychology and psychology cannot exist
without Christianity and the
other way around. Another strength of the Allies model is that it
uses knowledge from both
Christianity and psychology, which broadens this models

sources and foundations of what
knowledge actually is.
Another strength of the Allies model is that it claims that each
subject compliments and
lifts the other up. Johnson (2010) affirms this belief in his
writings by stating that because
Scripture does not provide all of the answers, psychology’s role
is in fact more legitimate as it
does in fact serve a purpose (p. 101). Yes, the Scripture may
provide many answers to real life
situations, but God gave us minds to discover his creation and
learn more about its meaning and
how it functions. There are many real life situations that the
Scripture cannot give direct answers
for.
INTEGRATION PAPER 6

The third strength is that the Allies model allows us to explore
psychology and
Christianity. We can dive into what has been found by
psychologists to be true and what the
Scripture says is true.
Limitations
Every model will have some limitations because these models
were created by flawed
beings. One limitation of the Allies model is that even using
Scripture, two people may interpret
a verse very differently. Many Christians can read the same
thing and get different meanings
behind the words. This allows for contradictions between two
people who both hold the Allies
model as a worldview. “Every model has limitations, and the
Allies model is no exception. One
of our first obstacles is defining exactly what assumptions are
constitutive of a uniquely
Christian approach to psychology. How do we identify the core
convictions of Christianity, and
how can we leave room for a divergence of different Christian
approaches?” (Entwistle 2015).
Many will claim that combining Christianity and psychology
will never work because of how

many different interpretations there are of Scripture or even
Christianity itself.
Human error limits the Allie model to a certain degree. Not all
research applied using
psychology is correct and not all views of Scripture are correct.
The fall of man brings about our
imperfections and therefore there are disagreements. A
limitation to the Allies model is that
different people also view many theories in psychology
contrarily. How to handle a certain crisis
or treat a certain patient varies from one person to another and
how they apply Scripture as said
above can be different from one person to another.
There are a few different models of integration that are used to
bring psychology and
Christianity together but many of them disagree on how to go
about doing this. The Enemies

INTEGRATION PAPER 7
model and the Allies model differ in that the Enemies model
believes that psychology and
Christianity are separate principles that can be discovered apart
from each other.
Conclusion
The Allies model should be embraced because it incorporates
psychology and
Christianity to agree that embraces both subjects and lets one
build off of the other yet, this
model does not contradict Scripture. It is important to be able to
use all of the knowledge and
research you can when striving to find solutions to real -life
problems. Combing the two only
allows us to have a broader research database and also
incorporate a spiritual well being and love
for Christ. Johnson states, “All Christians want to realize God's
will within the spheres of their
callings. In the sciences, that will always entail drawing near to
Christ, in whom are hidden all
the treasures of wisdom and knowledge ...For the Christian, the
science of psychology and the art
of counseling are fundamentally religious enterprises, as is all

of life.” (Johnson, 2010). I love
here how Johnson agrees with Entwistle from a statement above
that chasing knowledge
(science) is the same as chasing after God. God has given us a
vast world to explore and create
from. We ought to use the resources He has given others to help
others and through this we can
also learn from the research of others and apply it where
necessary. The Allies model is he only
model that integrates this so well and even allows each subject,
Christianity and psychology, to
build off of one another and make each other stronger. Given all
of this, the Allies model is the
best form of integration for Christianity and psychology.
INTEGRATION PAPER 8
References

Entwistle, D. (2015). Integrative approaches to psychology and
Christianity: An introduction to
worldview issues, philosophical foundations, and models of
integration (3rd ed.). Eugene,
OR: Wipf and Stock Publishers.
Johnson, Eric L. (2010) Psychology and Christianity, Five
Views. (2nd ed.) Downers Grove, IL.
InterVarsity Press.
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Running Head: PSYCHOLOGY AND CHRISTIANITY
1
Psychology and Christianity
PSYC 420-D04
Liberty University

Abstract
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PSYCHOLOGY AND CHRISTIANITY 2
From a Christian perspective, the psychological professional is
committed to Christian
belief (Entwistle, 2015). Psychology and Christianity alone are
complex issues that must be
studied and explored. Using them together can be of great
benefit but must be used with great
caution and care. If a biblical basis is used in counseling, it
must be authorized by the client.
Another effective way is to pray before each counseling session.
In the end, psychology and
Christianity have been found to be a good team.
Integration

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If the relationship between psychology and Christianity is
studied with determination,
one can end up analyzing its similarities and differences. This
could be a benefit since it could be
implemented at the time of counseling. Well-studied psychology
and Christianity have taken it
for granted that there are more similarities than differences
between the two. That is why here is
a bit of their great relationship.
Methods of knowing
There are five knowledge methods according to our textbook.
They are enlightenment,
positivism, empiricism, modernism, and postmodernism.
Lighting is a period from the mid-17th
century to the 18th century. Its main epistemic framework is
rationalism and empiricism
(Entwistle, 2015). Positivism is a philosophical system that
emerged during enlightenment that

rejects metaphysics and seeks a rational or empirical
justification for truth claims (Entwistle,
2015). According to the textbook, empiricism comes from the
empirical Greek rood, which
involved reliance on experience to evaluate knowledge claims.
Contemporary empiricism as an
epistemic method is derived from logical positivism, a vision in
which the belief is validated or
invalidated solely by the evidence of experience (Entwistle,
2015). Furthermore, empiricism is a
method of seeking knowledge based on sensory experience.
What gave rise to the scientific
method. It is the result of positivism (Entwistle, 2015).
Modernism is a philosophical movement
in western society. It tends to view knowledge as based on
human objectivity. Modernism was
often accompanied by a change in religious beliefs (Entwistle,
2015). And postmodernism is
difficult to define. In general, they are suspicious of the great
narratives of modernism, the
claims of objectivity and the claims of inevitable progress
(Entwistle, 2015). The limitations
could modernism since anyone decide to live a life away fr om
Christianity, a person would be

moving away from God, then the person would be practicing a
life without meaning. Since with
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God it is all that is needed to be able to live on earth with
purpose, which is the way to acquire
eternal life.
Model Description
There are many aspects that the model of the allies could see
psychology and Christianity
as one. Both believe that God is the creator of everything and
that God is also above all things.
Allies as subjects of a sovereign are the underlying unit of
human nature and the legitimacy of
theological and psychological research (Entwistle, 2015). The
biblical verse Colossians 1:16
declared in the New Living Translation version states in verse

16 “For through him God created
everything in the heavenly realms and on earth. He did the
things that we can see and the things
that we cannot see" this verse tells that everything was created
by Him and must be used for His
honor, that is, to glorify Him.
Two book concepts
The Allies model considers that the two book concepts are
based on the belief that the
truths of God are revealed in the Word of the Book of God
(Entwistle, 2015). The Allied model
depends on finding good psychology in Christianity, but it does
not contain the belief that
psychology and Christianity are mutually exclusive as the
Enemies model perceives (Entwistle,
2015).
Strengths
The Allies model has the ability to obtain knowledge from any
of the sources and,
therefore, has a more comprehensive knowledge base
(Entwistle, 2015). That may help them that
they can gain learning from both psychology and the Bible. The
next strength of the Allied model

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is that it does not limit research in psychology or theology
(Entwistle, 2015). And finally, their
loyalty is neither to psychology nor to theology, but to God who
reigns over all the spheres of
which we are subject (Entwistle, 2015).
Limitations
According to Making Models Entwistle it was clear when he
stated that exactly what
assumptions constitute an exclusively Christian approach to
psychology (Magnuson). The next
limitation is what are the core non-negotiable convictions that
should guide our understanding
(Magnuson). In other words, is the truth being guided by
science or the Bible?
Conclusion

It can be concluded by saying that the model of the allies is in a
common goal. Although
psychology and Christianity have been studied, it could be said
that the differences between the
two are very few. So, there are more similarities and that is the
most important thing. This model
believes that both branches work together for the same purpose.
On the other hand there could
also be some limitations. Weaknesses are the assumptions that
constitute an exclusively Christian
approach to psychology, how can we leave room for the
divergence of Christian opinion
(Magnuson)? It is of utmost importance to believe in God, that
is why Christianity is so
important, it has been proven how leading a life in God can give
you meaning and above all
peace. Romans 12: 2 in the New Living Translation version
says: “Do not copy the behavior and
customs of this world, but let God transform it into a new self
by changing the way a person
thinks. Then you will learn to know the will of God for you,
which is good, pleasant and perfect
", this teaches us that we must renew our minds, according to
Him, in order to have a better life.

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References
Entwistle, D. (2015). Integrative approaches to Psycholgy and
christianity: an introduction to
worldview issues philosophical foundations and models of
integration.
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Magnuson, D. C. (n.d.). Making Models: Integration.
Lynchburg, VA.

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PSYC 420
Integration Paper Assignment Instructions
Overview
Your view of the relationship between psychology and the
Christian faith will guide your practice of psychology, both
professionally and personally. This course has presented several
models of the relationship between Christian faith and the
discipline of psychology. This Integration Paper Assignment
provides an explicit avenue for you to articulate a coherent view
of the relationship between psychology and Christianity using
one of the models described in the course.
Instructions
This Integration Paper Assignment is the capstone project of the
course. You will choose a model from the course text that most
closely aligns with your approach to the relationship between
psychology and Christianity. Please follow the following
format:
· Integration Paper Assignment must include
· Current APA-formatted title page
· Introduction (including a thesis statement)
· Body
· At least 5 pages in length (excluding references and title page)
· Conclusion

· Current APA-formatted headings
· Current APA-formatted reference page
· Be sure to cite Entwistle and the Bible
· No direct quotes
· For the introductory paragraph:
· Describe the importance of examining the relationship
between psychology and Christianity.
· The last sentence of the introduction must be your thesis
statement that guides the rest of your paper.
· Example: Upon consideration of the evidence from various
disciplines of study, it seems like the (model chosen) best
captures the relationship between psychological science and
Christian faith.
· In writing about your position, be sure to discuss the
following points below and remember to cite Entwistle when
you use his ideas:
· What methods of knowing are appropriate for Christians and
why. This will help you classify your approach and should be
consistent with the model chosen.
· A thorough description of the model and how it views the
relationship between psychology and Christianity.
· How your model views the two books concept.
· Strengths of the model (at least 3).
· Limitations of the model (at least 3).
· Avoid using 1st person
· Instead of saying “I think Christians should embrace
psychology,” say “Christians should embrace psychology.”
· Instead of saying “My view corresponds with the Colonialist
position,” say “The Colonialist position seems ....”
· The instructor will not proofread papers, but it is acceptable
for a friend to proofread for clarity, grammar, and spelling.
· Please note that papers will be graded on the quality of their
thinking, defense, organization, clarity, and grammar, not on
whether you agree with the instructor’s position.
Note: Your assignment will be checked for originality via the

Turnitin plagiarism tool.
Page 1 of 2
HUM 200 Project Part Two: Presentation Draft Guidelines
and Rubric
Overview: An effective presentation includes a summary of the
main points in the presentation slides, but the presenter adds
additional content to unpack each
point on the slides. This is where speaker notes are particularly
useful. Some presenters have the capability of memorizing the
details and being cued by the
outline in the presentation, or even speaking off the cuff.
However, for the purposes of this project, in this module, you
will draft your presentation slides, as

well as your speaker notes that will accompany the presentation
slides.
Prompt: Using the templates provided in your Soomo webtext,
draft the slides and speaker notes for your presentation. The
purpose of the speaker notes is to
fill in the details you believe are necessary to include in the
presentation in order to address the critical elements below, but
will not necessarily be included on
the presentation’s slides. Your speaker notes can either be
bulleted points for each step of your presentation or more
developed paragraphs to help you deliver
the presentation. This part is up to you; either way, these notes
should contain substantial details to address each of the
required parts of your presentation.
Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed:
I. Provide a brief overview of your artifacts, theme, and thesis
statement. How are they situated within the domain of the
humanities?
II. Explain how the theme, as it is expressed in the cultural
artifacts, and thesis statement impact the audience. In other
words, how is the theme relevant
to members of the audience? Why should the audience care
about your thesis statement? Support your response with
specific examples from your
exploration document.
III. Describe the evidence from subjective and objective cultural
analyses that you have to support your conclusions about the
impact of the theme and
cultural artifacts on you personally and on your audience.
Support your response with specific examples from your
exploration document.

IV. Explain why the theme and cultural artifacts are important
to you personally. In other words, why did you select these
artifacts to study? Why did you
select your theme, especially if there are other themes that
could apply?
V. Explain how studying the humanities can give you both a
personal and professional advantage. In other words, what is the
benefit of studying the
humanities?
VI. Explain why the humanities are important to society. In
other words, what do the humanities tell us about our own
culture and experiences? How do
the humanities impact us? Support your response with specific
examples from your exploration document and your own
personal and professional
experiences.
VII. Communicate your message in a way that is tailored to
your specific audience. For instance, you could consider your
vocabulary, your audience’s
potential current humanities knowledge or lack thereof, and
what is specifically important to the audience.
1

Rubric
Guidelines for Submission: You will upload the PowerPoint file
of your presentation draft that you downloaded from Soomo to
the course submission link for
instructor grading and feedback. Please see the feedback
provided by your instructor in your SNHU course. Your
presentation should have approximately 5 to 7
slides that include speaker notes. Use current APA style
guidelines (or another format approved by your instructor) for
any potential references you would want
to include in your notes for the presentation.
Critical Elements Proficient (100%) Needs Improvement (75%)
Not Evident (0%) Value
Overview Provides brief overview of artifacts, theme,
and thesis statement and explains how they
are situated within the domain of the
humanities
Provides brief overview of artifacts, theme,
and thesis statement and explains how they
are situated within the domain of the
humanities but with gaps in detail or clarity
Does not provide brief overview of artifacts,
theme, and thesis statement and does not
explain how they are situated within the
domain of the humanities

13.5
Impact the
Audience
Explains how theme, as it is expressed in
cultural artifacts, and thesis statement
impact the audience, supporting response
with examples from exploration document
Explains how theme, as it is expressed in
cultural artifacts, and thesis statement impact
the audience, but with gaps in clarity, detail,
or support
Does not explain how theme, as it is expressed
in cultural artifacts, and thesis statement
impact the audience
13.5
Evidence Describes evidence from subjective and
objective cultural analysis that supports
conclusions about impact of theme on self
and audience, supporting response with
examples from exploration document
Describes evidence from subjective and
objective cultural analysis that supports
conclusions about impact of theme on self and
audience but with gaps in clarity, detail, or
support
Does not describe evidence from subjective
and objective cultural analysis that supports
conclusions about impact of theme on self and

audience
13.5
Personally Explains why theme and cultural artifacts
are personally important
Explains why theme and cultural artifacts are
personally important but with gaps in clarity or
detail
Does not explain why theme and cultural
artifacts are personally important
13.5
Studying the
Humanities
Explains how studying the humanities can
give both a personal and professional
advantage
Explains how studying the humanities can give
both a personal and professional advantage
but with gaps in clarity or detail
Does not explain how studying the humanities
can give both a personal and professional
advantage
13.5
Humanities Explains why the humanities are important
to society, supporting response with
examples from exploration document and

personal and professional experience
Explains why the humanities are important to
society but with gaps in clarity, detail, or
support
Does not explain why the humanities are
important to society
13.5
Message Communicates message effectively in a way
that is tailored to specific audience
Communicates message to audience but
communication is not effective or is not
tailored to specific audience
Does not communicate message to audience 13.5
2
Articulation of
Response

Submission has no major errors related to
citations, grammar, spelling, syntax, or
organization
Submission has major errors related to
organization that negatively impact readability
and articulation of main ideas
Submission has critical errors related to
organization that prevent understanding of
ideas
5.5
Total 100%
3
HUM 200 Project Part Two: Presentation Draft Guidelines and
RubricRubric

Final Project: Exploring Religious Beliefs and Artifacts

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