This document discusses product life cycle design (LCD) and sustainable design. It defines LCD as designing the product life cycle stages to minimize environmental impact over the product's entire life cycle relative to its functional purpose. The document introduces LCD criteria including minimizing resource use, selecting low impact resources, optimizing product life, extending material life, and designing for disassembly. Examples are provided for each criteria.
The document introduces product life cycle design (LCD) which integrates environmental requirements into the product design process. It discusses that LCD evaluates the environmental impacts of a product over its entire life cycle from material extraction, production, distribution, use, and end of life. Key aspects of LCD include minimizing resource use, selecting low impact materials, optimizing product life, extending material life, and designing for disassembly and recyclability. The life cycle approach considers how to reduce environmental effects from both resource inputs and waste outputs at each stage of the product life cycle.
2.2 life cycle design strategies cortesi 10-11LeNS_slide
The document discusses several life cycle design criteria for sustainable product design:
1) Resources minimization aims to reduce the consumption of materials and energy throughout a product's life cycle.
2) Low impact resources selection involves choosing materials and energies with the lowest environmental impact considering toxicity and renewability.
3) Product lifespan optimization focuses on extending the useful lifespan of products through durability as well as intensifying product use.
4) Material lifespan extension makes materials last beyond a single product use through recycling, composting, or energy recovery.
5) Design for disassembly facilitates the separation of parts and materials for easier maintenance, repair, reuse, and recycling.
2.2 Product Life Cycle Design Vezzoli 07 08 (28.10.08)vezzoli
The document discusses product life cycle design (LCD) and its goals of minimizing inputs and outputs over a product's life cycle from a sustainability perspective. It describes LCD's life cycle approach and functional approach, as well as LCD criteria including resource minimization, use of low impact resources, optimizing product life, extending material life, and design for disassembly. The key aims of LCD are to reduce environmental impacts at each phase of the product life cycle from production to disposal.
2.1 product life cycle design vezzoli 09-10 (37)vezzoliDSS
The document discusses Product Life Cycle Design (LCD) and its environmental criteria. It introduces LCD as integrating environmental requirements into the product design process. It then covers the LCD criteria of minimizing resources, selecting low impact resources, optimizing product life, extending material life, and designing for disassembly. The criteria aim to minimize environmental impacts across a product's life cycle from production to disposal. LCD takes a life cycle approach to product design rather than just designing the product.
3.1 eco efficient system innovation vezzoli-09-10 (33)vezzoliDSS
This document discusses system design for sustainability and eco-efficient system innovation. It defines eco-efficient product-service systems (PSS) as designing products and services to fulfill customer needs more efficiently while reducing environmental impacts over the life cycle. Three types of eco-efficient system innovations are described: 1) adding value to the product life cycle through additional services, 2) providing final results to customers rather than products, and 3) providing enabling platforms for customers. Case studies of Kluber Lubrication and Rank Xerox are presented as examples of the first two types.
2 product life cycle design vezzoli 13_14 LeNS_slide
This document provides an introduction to product life cycle design from Carlo Vezzoli. It discusses key concepts of life cycle design including taking a life cycle approach from production to disposal, assessing environmental impacts using life cycle assessment, and establishing criteria to minimize impacts over the full life cycle. The criteria include reducing resource and energy use, selecting less harmful materials, optimizing product life, extending material life through recycling, and designing for disassembly. Methods and tools for implementing life cycle design in product development processes are also presented.
2. product life cycle design vezzoli 14-15 (41)LeNS_slide
This document provides an introduction to product life cycle design from Carlo Vezzoli. It discusses key concepts like life cycle assessment, the functional approach, and environmental criteria for product life cycle design including resource minimization, low impact material selection, optimizing product life, and extending material life through design for recycling, energy recovery, and composting. The goal of product life cycle design is to minimize environmental impacts across a product's entire life cycle from production to end of life.
The document introduces product life cycle design (LCD) which integrates environmental requirements into the product design process. It discusses that LCD evaluates the environmental impacts of a product over its entire life cycle from material extraction, production, distribution, use, and end of life. Key aspects of LCD include minimizing resource use, selecting low impact materials, optimizing product life, extending material life, and designing for disassembly and recyclability. The life cycle approach considers how to reduce environmental effects from both resource inputs and waste outputs at each stage of the product life cycle.
2.2 life cycle design strategies cortesi 10-11LeNS_slide
The document discusses several life cycle design criteria for sustainable product design:
1) Resources minimization aims to reduce the consumption of materials and energy throughout a product's life cycle.
2) Low impact resources selection involves choosing materials and energies with the lowest environmental impact considering toxicity and renewability.
3) Product lifespan optimization focuses on extending the useful lifespan of products through durability as well as intensifying product use.
4) Material lifespan extension makes materials last beyond a single product use through recycling, composting, or energy recovery.
5) Design for disassembly facilitates the separation of parts and materials for easier maintenance, repair, reuse, and recycling.
2.2 Product Life Cycle Design Vezzoli 07 08 (28.10.08)vezzoli
The document discusses product life cycle design (LCD) and its goals of minimizing inputs and outputs over a product's life cycle from a sustainability perspective. It describes LCD's life cycle approach and functional approach, as well as LCD criteria including resource minimization, use of low impact resources, optimizing product life, extending material life, and design for disassembly. The key aims of LCD are to reduce environmental impacts at each phase of the product life cycle from production to disposal.
2.1 product life cycle design vezzoli 09-10 (37)vezzoliDSS
The document discusses Product Life Cycle Design (LCD) and its environmental criteria. It introduces LCD as integrating environmental requirements into the product design process. It then covers the LCD criteria of minimizing resources, selecting low impact resources, optimizing product life, extending material life, and designing for disassembly. The criteria aim to minimize environmental impacts across a product's life cycle from production to disposal. LCD takes a life cycle approach to product design rather than just designing the product.
3.1 eco efficient system innovation vezzoli-09-10 (33)vezzoliDSS
This document discusses system design for sustainability and eco-efficient system innovation. It defines eco-efficient product-service systems (PSS) as designing products and services to fulfill customer needs more efficiently while reducing environmental impacts over the life cycle. Three types of eco-efficient system innovations are described: 1) adding value to the product life cycle through additional services, 2) providing final results to customers rather than products, and 3) providing enabling platforms for customers. Case studies of Kluber Lubrication and Rank Xerox are presented as examples of the first two types.
2 product life cycle design vezzoli 13_14 LeNS_slide
This document provides an introduction to product life cycle design from Carlo Vezzoli. It discusses key concepts of life cycle design including taking a life cycle approach from production to disposal, assessing environmental impacts using life cycle assessment, and establishing criteria to minimize impacts over the full life cycle. The criteria include reducing resource and energy use, selecting less harmful materials, optimizing product life, extending material life through recycling, and designing for disassembly. Methods and tools for implementing life cycle design in product development processes are also presented.
2. product life cycle design vezzoli 14-15 (41)LeNS_slide
This document provides an introduction to product life cycle design from Carlo Vezzoli. It discusses key concepts like life cycle assessment, the functional approach, and environmental criteria for product life cycle design including resource minimization, low impact material selection, optimizing product life, and extending material life through design for recycling, energy recovery, and composting. The goal of product life cycle design is to minimize environmental impacts across a product's entire life cycle from production to end of life.
2. product life cycle design vezzoli 12 13 (41)LeNS_slide
The document provides an introduction to product life cycle design. It discusses evaluating and minimizing a product's environmental impacts over its entire life cycle from material extraction and production to use and disposal. The life cycle design approach aims to optimize a product's life cycle by extending its useful life, reducing material and energy usage, and selecting less environmentally harmful resources. Key criteria for life cycle design include minimizing resource use, using renewable and non-toxic materials, optimizing product life, and designing for disassembly and material reuse or recycling.
1.2 evolution of sustainability within design vezzoli 09-10 (51)vezzoliDSS
This document discusses the evolution of sustainability within design. It describes how the role of design has increasingly expanded from focusing on low environmental impact materials and energies, to considering the full product life cycle through ecodesign, to designing entire product-service systems for eco-efficiency. The document also notes how design has begun to consider social equity and cohesion. It argues that while the design community has become more aware of sustainability, few within the field currently have the solid knowledge and tools needed to properly design for sustainability.
1.1 sustainable development and system innovation vezzoli 11-12 (28)LeNS_slide
This document outlines an introductory course on system design for sustainability. It discusses sustainable development and design, providing context on the economic, environmental, and social crises facing the world. It defines the three dimensions of sustainability as environmental, socio-ethical, and economic/legislative. For each dimension, it explores priorities, challenges, and potential actions. It emphasizes the need for system innovation and radical or disruptive change to achieve sustainability goals of reducing resource use by 90% within 50 years through decentralized systems and dematerialization.
1.2 evolution of sustainability in design vezzoli 13-14LeNS_slide
The document discusses the evolution of sustainability within design. It begins with low environmental impact materials and energies in the 1970s. In the 1990s, the focus shifted to product life cycle design and ecodesign to consider a product's entire life cycle. Starting in the 2000s, the approach evolved further to system design for eco-efficiency, addressing product-service systems. More recently, around 2005, design began considering social equity and cohesion as well. The document argues that while awareness of design for sustainability has increased, most design communities still lack strong knowledge and skills in this area and are more part of the problem than the solution. It provides examples of how perspectives on environmental impact have changed over time.
1.1 sustainable development and system innovation vezzoli 11-12 (28)LeNS_slide
This document discusses the concepts of sustainable development and system innovation. It provides background on the current context including economic, environmental, and social crises. Sustainable development aims to meet present needs without compromising future generations by considering environmental, socio-ethical, and economic dimensions. The environmental dimension involves preserving resources and preventing pollution. Socio-ethical sustainability focuses on equity and meeting needs of all people. System innovation is needed to create new value while decoupling from material and energy consumption to reduce environmental impacts.
1.1 sustainable development and system innovation vezzoli 11-12 (28)LeNS_slide
The document discusses the context of sustainable development and system innovation. It describes the current context as one of strong evolution, structural crises, and environmental limits being reached. Sustainable development is defined as development that meets present needs without compromising future generations, with dimensions of environmental, socio-ethical, and economic sustainability. Radical or diffused system innovation is needed to achieve the large scale changes required for sustainability within 50 years, with a 90% reduction in resource use compared to industrialized contexts today.
1.2 evolution of sustainability in design vezzoli 14-15 (41) (n)LeNS_slide
This document discusses the evolution of sustainability within design. It describes how design's role has expanded over time from intervening on products and materials to intervening on entire systems and consumption patterns. Specifically, it outlines how design has progressed from focusing on low-impact materials in the 1970s to life cycle design and ecodesign in the 1990s to system design for eco-efficiency starting in the 2000s. The document also notes that while design's potential role in sustainability has increased over time, many within the design community still lack knowledge and skills related to design for sustainability.
3.2 system design for eco efficiency vezzoli-13-14 LeNS_slide
The document discusses system design for eco-efficiency. It defines system design for eco-efficiency as designing innovative interactions between stakeholders to fulfill customer demands in a way that continuously seeks environmentally beneficial solutions due to economic interests. It discusses approaches to this including designing for customer satisfaction units, stakeholder configurations, and system eco-efficiency criteria. The criteria aim to optimize the system life, reduce transportation and resources, minimize waste, conserve resources, and reduce toxins.
3.2 system design for eco efficiency vezzoli-14-15 (28)LeNS_slide
This document discusses system design for eco-efficiency. It defines system design for eco-efficiency as designing innovative interactions between stakeholders in a satisfaction system where economic interests drive environmental benefits. It presents approaches for designing the satisfaction system and stakeholders' interactions. It outlines criteria for system design for eco-efficiency, including optimizing the system life, reducing transportation, minimizing resources and waste, and reducing toxicity. Methods and tools are presented for applying these criteria to guide system design towards more sustainable solutions.
2.2 system design for eco efficiency vezzoli-11-12 (29)LeNS_slide
This document discusses system design for eco-efficiency. It defines system design for eco-efficiency as designing an eco-efficient system of products and services to fulfill a customer demand based on designing interactions between stakeholders. It discusses approaches like designing for customer satisfaction and stakeholder interactions. It also outlines criteria for system design for eco-efficiency like optimizing system life, reducing transportation and resources, and minimizing waste.
This document provides information about the System Design for Sustainability (SDS) course, which is part of the AH-DESIGN-TANGO EU project. The course aims to teach theory and practice of system design for sustainability through lectures and a design exercise. Students will develop product-service system concepts for social enterprises in Milan neighborhoods to improve social inclusion and environmental sustainability. The course is offered at Politecnico di Milano in partnership with social enterprises and is evaluated through exams on the lectures and design project.
The document provides an overview of the System Design for Sustainability course. The course aims to teach theories and practices of system design for sustainability. It is a 2-week intensive course consisting of lectures and a design exercise. The lectures cover topics such as sustainable development, life cycle design, eco-efficiency, social equity, and methods/tools for system design. Students will complete a design exercise to develop a sustainable eating system concept for an Indian university campus. Evaluation consists of exams on the lectures and the design project. Resources include an online course platform and a textbook.
1.2 evolution of sustainability within design vezzoli 11-12 (44)LeNS_slide
The document discusses the evolution of sustainability within design. It describes how approaches to sustainability in design have shifted from (1) using low environmental impact materials and energies to (2) considering the entire product life cycle through ecodesign to (3) designing entire systems for eco-efficiency and social equity. However, the document notes that currently few within the design community have sufficient knowledge and tools to properly design for sustainability.
3.2 system design for social equity vezzoli 11-12 (29)LeNS_slide
This document provides an overview of system design for social equity and cohesion. It defines system design for social equity and cohesion as designing an eco-efficient system of products and services to fulfill customer demand based on designing stakeholder interactions. It discusses approaches to system design for social equity including designing the satisfaction system, stakeholder configuration, and ensuring system sustainability. It also outlines criteria for system design for social equity and cohesion such as improving employment, enabling responsible consumption, and favoring marginalized groups.
Design And Sustainability by Carlo Vezzoli 09.09.09LeNS Africa
The document provides an introduction to design for sustainability, covering several key topics:
1. It defines sustainable development and discusses increasing pressures to reduce resource use.
2. It explores the evolving role of design in sustainability from reducing environmental impact to system innovation. Product life cycle design and system design for eco-efficiency are introduced.
3. Methods and tools for product and system design for sustainability are summarized, including Life Cycle Assessment and various frameworks developed at Polimi.
4. The potential for system design to address social equity and cohesion through locally-based, networked product-service systems is discussed.
This document provides information about a course on System Design for Sustainability taught by Carlo Vezzoli at Politecnico di Milano. The course aims to teach the theory and practice of designing sustainable product-service systems. It includes 5 lectures on sustainability theory and an 8-week design exercise. Students will work in groups to design sustainable energy systems for households in African slums. The course is part of the Learning Network on Sustainability, a collaboration between European and Asian design schools to promote sustainability education.
3.2 system design for eco efficiency vezzoli-09-10 (34)vezzoliDSS
This document provides an overview of system design for eco-efficiency. It defines system design for eco-efficiency as designing the system of products and services that fulfill a demand, as well as the interactions between stakeholders involved, with the goal of optimizing environmental impact. It outlines criteria for system design for eco-efficiency, including optimizing system life, reducing transportation, minimizing resources and waste, and reducing toxicity. Methods and tools are presented for applying a satisfaction system approach, stakeholder configuration approach, and achieving system eco-efficiency. A case study of applying these methods to reduce waste in food and paper chains is also summarized.
1.1 sustainable development and system innovation vezzoli 12-13 (26)LeNS_slide
This document discusses a course on system design for sustainability. It covers sustainable development and design frameworks, including the dimensions of environmental, socio-ethical and economic sustainability. It describes the context of economic and environmental crises and the need for system innovation to achieve the large-scale changes needed for global sustainability within 50 years. This includes transitioning to more equitable production and consumption systems that use 90% fewer resources.
1.2 evolution of sustainability within design vezzoli 12-13 (41)LeNS_slide
The document discusses the evolution of sustainability within design. It describes how approaches to sustainability in design have shifted over time from:
1) Using low environmental impact materials and energies in the 1970s.
2) Considering the full product life cycle and ecodesign in the 1990s.
3) Designing product-service systems for eco-efficiency since the 2000s.
It argues that while interest in design for sustainability is growing, most design communities still lack solid knowledge and tools for designing with sustainability in mind and are more part of the problem than the solution. The document traces how understanding and practices around sustainable design have progressed over several decades but still have further to evolve.
2.1 product life cycle design cortesi 10-11LeNS_slide
This document introduces key concepts for product life cycle design including:
1) Product life cycle design (LCD) takes a broader view of design from the single product to the full life cycle stages and functional unit.
2) Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a quantitative method to evaluate the environmental impacts of a product's life cycle from raw material extraction to end of life.
3) LCD aims to minimize environmental impacts across the life cycle by establishing design criteria like reducing resource use, selecting less impactful materials, optimizing product lifespan, and enabling disassembly.
Flat packed and easy assembled stool - King & Webbon.pptxLeNS_slide
The flat-packed lab stool can be assembled in less than 15 minutes using an allen wrench. It is made from sustainably sourced beech ply in the UK. The stool is stackable, making it suitable for small spaces. The lab stool collaboration between King & Webbon design studio and the Science Museum aims to create furniture designed to last rather than be disposable through its flat-pack design that can be assembled on-site to reduce transportation energy consumption and packaging waste.
The document discusses sustainable energy access for all as essential for sustainable development. It outlines that over 1 billion people lack electricity access and over 2 billion rely on inefficient and polluting biomass for cooking. Distributed renewable energy (DRE) is presented as a promising model to achieve universal access through small-scale, decentralized energy generation near the point of use, often from solar, wind and other renewable sources. DRE can help transition away from unsustainable centralized fossil fuel systems towards greater environmental, social and economic sustainability.
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This document discusses the concepts of sustainable development and system innovation. It provides background on the current context including economic, environmental, and social crises. Sustainable development aims to meet present needs without compromising future generations by considering environmental, socio-ethical, and economic dimensions. The environmental dimension involves preserving resources and preventing pollution. Socio-ethical sustainability focuses on equity and meeting needs of all people. System innovation is needed to create new value while decoupling from material and energy consumption to reduce environmental impacts.
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This document provides information about a course on System Design for Sustainability taught by Carlo Vezzoli at Politecnico di Milano. The course aims to teach the theory and practice of designing sustainable product-service systems. It includes 5 lectures on sustainability theory and an 8-week design exercise. Students will work in groups to design sustainable energy systems for households in African slums. The course is part of the Learning Network on Sustainability, a collaboration between European and Asian design schools to promote sustainability education.
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1) Using low environmental impact materials and energies in the 1970s.
2) Considering the full product life cycle and ecodesign in the 1990s.
3) Designing product-service systems for eco-efficiency since the 2000s.
It argues that while interest in design for sustainability is growing, most design communities still lack solid knowledge and tools for designing with sustainability in mind and are more part of the problem than the solution. The document traces how understanding and practices around sustainable design have progressed over several decades but still have further to evolve.
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This document outlines a design exercise for students to develop sustainable product-service systems (S.PSS) that provide distributed renewable energy (DRE) for households in African communities. Students will design systems for eating or clothing care in villages/townships in Botswana, Uganda, South Africa, or Kenya. The exercise involves analyzing the context, generating ideas, and developing system concepts. Students will consider environmental, socio-ethical, and economic sustainability dimensions. They will create system maps, interaction tables, and storyboards to illustrate their concepts. The goal is to design DRE systems that provide essential household functions through sustainable energy access for communities.
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0.0 introduzione corso metodi dxs vezzoli 14-15 (16)LeNS_slide
This document outlines the structure and content of a course on System Design for Sustainability taught by Carlo Vezzoli at Politecnico di Milano. The course includes both theoretical and practical components. The theoretical section will cover introductions to sustainable product systems and design methods. The practical section involves a group project to develop concepts for sustainable product-service systems for food services on campus. Recommended readings and online learning resources are also listed. The document provides background on the Learning Network on Sustainability (LeNS) project, which developed an open-source online platform for sharing materials on sustainable design.
This document provides guidelines for designing sustainable product-service systems applied to distributed renewable energy systems. It outlines various configurations for distributed renewable energy offers, such as stand-alone home systems, mini-grids connecting multiple systems, and systems connected to main grids. It also recommends complementing energy offers with lifecycle services like design, installation, maintenance, repair, upgrading, and end-of-life treatment. Further guidelines include offering ownerless energy systems with full services, using systems as enabling platforms, adding energy-using products, and delinking payment from pure energy consumption. The overall aim is to optimize distributed renewable energy configurations and make the systems more sustainable and affordable.
This document provides guidelines for designing sustainable product-service systems applied to distributed renewable energy systems. It suggests offering standalone and mini-grid DRE systems, complementing the DRE offer with lifecycle services, offering ownerless DRE systems with full services, and delinking payment from pure watt consumption to make costs more affordable. The guidelines are presented over six pages and cover optimizing DRE system configuration, complementing the offer with design, installation, and maintenance services, and adding energy using products to the offer.
This document provides guidelines for designing sustainable product-service systems (S.PSS) applied to distributed renewable energy (DRE) systems. It suggests 6 areas to focus on: 1) Optimizing DRE system configurations, 2) Complementing DRE offers with lifecycle services, 3) Offering ownerless DRE systems with full services, 4) Offering ownerless DRE systems as an enabling platform, 5) Adding ownerless energy-using products to DRE offers, and 6) Delinking payments from pure watt consumption to make costs more affordable. The overall aim is to provide sustainable energy access through optimized DRE system designs coupled with comprehensive lifecycle services.
5.1 sustainable energy for all vezzoli 14-15_(34)LeNS_slide
The document discusses the importance of sustainable energy for all as a key enabler of sustainable development. It argues that distributed renewable energy (DRE) systems offer a promising model for achieving sustainable energy for all through a paradigm shift away from centralized non-renewable energy systems. DRE involves small-scale energy generation from renewable resources like solar and wind located near the point of use. Sustainable product-service systems (S.PSS) are also presented as a business model that could facilitate widespread adoption of DRE by reducing costs and giving access to necessary goods and services.
5.2 system design for sustainable energy for all vezzoli 14_15_(29)LeNS_slide
This document proposes a sustainability design-orienting scenario (SDOS) for applying a product-service system (PSS) to distributed renewable energy (DRE) systems. It presents 4 visions for how a PSS approach could provide sustainable energy access for all. The visions include: 1) DRE systems and daily life energy products provided to individuals/communities in exchange for periodic payments, 2) DRE systems provided to power small businesses' equipment in exchange for periodic payments, 3) DRE systems and packages of energy products provided to individuals/communities where payment is based on product usage, and 4) Packages of DRE systems and startup equipment provided to entrepreneurs to launch businesses where payment is based on periodic fees. The goal
4.2 system design for social equity vezzoli 14-15 (23) (n)LeNS_slide
This document discusses system design for social equity and cohesion. It defines system design as designing interactions between stakeholders in a system to fulfill customer demands in a sustainable way. It presents criteria for social equity and cohesion in system design, such as improving employment, enabling sustainable consumption, and empowering local resources. Methods and tools are needed to guide system design according to these criteria. The document also introduces an emerging methodology for system design for sustainability and a toolkit for sustainability design orientation.
4.1 towards social equity and cohesion vezzoli 14-15 (22)LeNS_slide
This document discusses approaches to promoting social equity and cohesion through system design. It proposes that product-service systems (PSS) and distributed economies (DE) are promising models, and that applying sustainable PSS approaches to DE could facilitate locally-based, small-scale sustainable opportunities for all contexts, including low-income areas. A key hypothesis presented is that a sustainable PSS approach applied to DE could help diffuse various forms of DE in low and middle-income contexts by fostering locally-based, networked small enterprises and initiatives that democratize access to sustainable resources.
3.1 eco efficient system innovation vezzoli-14-15 (42)LeNS_slide
The document discusses eco-efficient product-service systems (PSS) as an innovative business model that can significantly reduce environmental impacts compared to traditional sales models. It defines three types of eco-efficient PSS: 1) adding value to the product life cycle by providing additional services, 2) providing final results to customers instead of products, and 3) providing enabling platforms for customers to obtain satisfaction. The document argues that when providers retain ownership of products and are paid based on the value or use of the products, their economic interests are aligned with designing and offering products that have lower environmental impacts through longer lifespans, higher resource efficiency, easier recyclability, and broader access to customers.
Unveiling the Dynamic Personalities, Key Dates, and Horoscope Insights: Gemin...my Pandit
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1.3 product life cycle design vezzoli 11-12 (41)
1. course System Design for Sustainability
subject 1. Sustainable development and design: the reference framework
learning resource 1.3
Introduction to product Life Cycle Design
carlo vezzoli
politecnico di milano . INDACO dpt. . DIS . School of design . Italy
Learning Network on Sustainability
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
2. CONTENTS
. Product design environmental requirements
. Damaging environmental effects
. Life cycle assessment (LCA)
. Life Cycle Design approach: life cycle + functional
. Introduction to Product Life Cycle Design criteria
. Resources minimisation
. Low impact resources selection
. Product life optimisation
. Material life extension
. Design for disassembly
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
3. (product) LIFE CYCLE DESIGN
(or eco-design, design for the environment, …)
the discipline integrating
ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS
within the PRODUCT design process
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
4. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
EACH ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT IS BASED ON A
SUBSTANCE’S EXCHANGE (IMPACT) BETWEEN THE
NATURE/ENVIRONMENT AND A (ANTHROPIC
TRASFORMATION) PROCESS OF A PRODUCTION
AND CONSUMPTION SYSTEM
input: substance extraction from the environment
output: substance emission in the environment
(not all impacts damage with the same entity)
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
5. INPUT AND ITS (DAMAGING) EFFECTS
RESOURCES EXHAUSTION
ALTERATION OF THE ECOSYSTEMS’ BALANCE
(damaging outputs of extractive processes)
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
6. OUTPUT AND ITS (DAMAGING) EFFECTS
global warming (greenhouse effect)
ozone layer depletion
eutrophication
acidification
smog
toxicity
wastes
...
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
7. DESIGN ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS
CAN WE ASSOCIATE THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
TO A PRODUCT?
AND HOW?
APPROACHES:
- PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE
- FUNCTIONAL UNIT
EVALUATION METHOD:
- LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
8. PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE DESIGN: APPROACH
an extended design horizon
from product design
to the design of the product life cycle stages
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
9. LIFE CYCLE
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Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
10. PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE DESIGN: APPROACH
an extended design horizon
from product design
to the design of the product life cycle stages
the design “reference”
from product design
to product’s “function” design
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
11. FUNCTIONAL APPROACH
IS NOT THE PRODUCT TO BE DESIGNED
(ASSESSED) BUT, THE WHOLE OF THE
PROCESSES ASSOCIATED WITH THE PRODUCT
AND FULFILLMENT OF A GIVEN FUNCTION
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
12. PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE DESIGN: APPROACH
an extended design horizon
from product design
to the design of the product life cycle stages
the design “reference”
from product design
to product’s “function” design
he environmental design “objective”
inimise the environmental impact of the whole of the
phases in relation to the functional unit
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
13. ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF
PRODUCT
LCA: LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT
a quantitative method to assess the environmental
effects of the life cycle of a given product/service in
relation to its functional unit
ISO 14040
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
14. e.g. LCA upholstered seat (8 years life span)
PRE-PROD. DISTRIBUT. USE DISPOSAL
PRODUCTION
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
15. e.g. LCA refrigerator (10 years life span)
PRE-PROD. DISTRIBUT. USE DISPOSAL
PRODUCTION
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
16. PRODUCT LYFE CYCLE DESIGN: DEFINITION
“the design of the product life cycle
stages that, while considering all
requirements, aims at minimising
the environmental impact of the
whole of the life cycle phases in
relation to the functional unit”
(Vezzoli & Manzini, Springer, London, 2008)
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
17. LCD: ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA
RESOURCES MINIMISATION
LOW IMPACT RESOURCES SELECTION
PRODUCT LIFE OPTIMISATION
MATERIAL LIFE EXTENSION
DESIGN FOR DISASSEMBLY
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
18. RESOURCES MINIMISATION
quantitative impact reduction (life cycle/function)
DESIGN FOR:
MATERAIL USE MINIMISATION
in life cycle phases
ENERGY USE MINIMISATION
in life cycle phases
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
19. EX. MATERIALS CONSUMPTION MINIMISATION
Ikea Air sofa,
Ikea
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
20. EX. ENERGIES CONSUMPTION MINIMISATION
FRIA,
refrigerator,
Tischner
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
21. LOW IMPACT RESOURCES SELECTION
qualitative impact reduction (life cycle/function)
DESIGN FOR:
RESOURCES CONSERVATION/RENEWABILITY
in all life cycle phases
RESOURCES NON TOXICITY AND HARMFULNESS
in all life cycle phases
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
22. EX. TOXICITY AND HARMFULNESS MINIMISATION
rags for cleaning in
micro-fiber (no
need for
detergent)
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
23. EX. ENERGY RENEWABILITY IMPROVEMENT
Solar
shuttle,
Kopf Umwelt
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
24. EX. MATERIAL BIO-COMPATIBILITY IMPROVEMENT
gardening
vase in
mater-B,
cornstarch
bio-deg.
polimer by
Novamont
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
25. RESOURCES RENEWABILITY
DEPENDS ON:
- RE-GROWING SPECIFIC SPEED
- EXTRACTION FREQUENCY
a resource is renewable if:
a context related
anthropic consumption rate < natural re-growing rate
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
26. MATERIALS’ ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
DEPENDS ON:
- MATERIAL-SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS
- CHARACTERISTICS GIVEN TO PRODUCT
A RANKING FROM THE BEST TO THE WORST IS
(USUALLY) “MISLEADING ”
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
27. PRODUCT LIFE OPTIMISATION
DESIGN FOR:
EXTENDING PRODUCT (COMPONENT) LIFE SPAN
INTENSIFYING PRODUCT (COMPONENT) USE
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
28. EX. PRODUCT LIFE OPTIMISATION
CARE, changing top>kids table>writing desk, Stokke
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
29. AVOIDED IMPACTS LIGHTER IMPACTS
SHORT product/component life
PRE-PRODUCTION PRE-PRODUCTION
PRODUCTION PRODUCTION NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND
TECHNIQUES WITH LOWER
DISTRIBUTION DISTRIBUTION USE CONSUMPTION
USE USE
DISPOSAL
same function in time
DISP.
USE USE
DISTRIBUTION DISTRIB.
UPDATING OF THE COMPONENTS
PROD. CAUSING CONSUMPTION
PRODUCTION
PRE-PRODUCTION P-PROD.
EXTENDED product/component life
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
30. AVOIDED IMPACTS
product/component INTENSE life
PRE-PROD. PROD. DISTR. DISPOS.
A1 B1 C1 B2 A2 C2 B3 A3 C3
LIFE INDIPENDENT FROM LENGHT OF USE
use (function) during time
PRE-PROD. PROD. DISTR. DISPOS.
A1 A2 A3
PRE-PROD. PROD. DISTR. DISPOS.
B1 B2 B3
PRE-PROD. PROD. DISTR. DISPOS.
C1 C2 C3
products/components NOT INTENSE life
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
31. MATERIAL LIFE EXTENSION
DESIGN FOR:
RECYCLING
ENERGY RECOVERY
COMPOSTING
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
32. AVOIDED IMPACTS ADDITIONAL IMPACTS
material NON-EXTENDED life
LANDFILL
PRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION USE
PRE- PRE-PRODUCTION
PRODUCTION
PRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION USE
RECYCLING
COMBUSTION
COMPOSTING
PRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION USE
PRE-
PRODUCTION
material EXTENDED life
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
33. MATERIALS’ RECYCLABILITY (COMB., COMP.)
DIPENDS ON:
- SPECIFIC MATERIAL’S CHARACTERISTICS
performances recovery (and process costs)
- PRODUCT’S ARCHITECTURE
- RECYCLING PHASES
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
34. POST-CONSUMPTION RECYCLING PHASES:
(COMBUSTION, COMPOSTING)
. collection
. transportation
. separation (disassembly a/o crushing)
. identification
. cleaning
. secondary raw material’s production
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
35. E M T R LL EE E
X. AE IA IF XT NSION
water
bottle for
easy
recycling,
EVIAN
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
36. DESIGN FOR DISASSEMBLY
> of parts/components
PRODUCT LIFE OPTIMISATION
> of materials
MATERIAL LIFE EXTENSION
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
37. EX. DESIGN FOR DISASSEMBLY
Mirra seat,
Herman Miller
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
38. PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE DESIGN:
METHODS/TOOLS
several have been developed (according to ISO/TR
14062:2002 Environmental management - Integrating environmental
aspects into product design and development)
…
UNEP-TUD (D4S) POLIMI-DIS (MPDS)
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
39. MPDS: Method for Product Design for Environmental Sustainability
(developed and adopted by DIS-Polimi)
processes/tools PRODUCT DESIGN processes/tools
to orientate PHASES envirnomental assesm.
(brief) LCA on reference
environmental design
priorities identification: product for design:
product
sch. IPSA/radar (ICS) es. SIMAPRO
strategies
sustainability-focused abrdiged LCA check:
ideas generation: es. SIMAPRO
tavole eco-idee (ICS) product qualitative check:
cecklist (ICS)
check of sustainability concept
design priorities:
sch. IPSA/radar (ICS)
abrdiged LCA on
potential impact
most promising product reduction:
concept selection design es. SIMAPRO
qualitative check:
cecklist (ICS)
low environmental
impact
processes selection: LCA of comparisonfor
tools to orientate ingegner. environmental quality
specific environmental communication:
issues es. idemat es. SIMAPRO
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
40. Eco-idea tables_ICS toolkit
… SOME OF THE MPDS TOOLS
Idea 3
Idea 1
Checklist (guidelies related)_ICS toolkit
Idea 2
Multicriteria Radar_ICS toolkit
free download at
www.lens.polimi.it / tools
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
41. f you want to know more on:
RODUCT LIFE CYCLE DESIGN
LECTURER’S BIBLIOGRAPHY)
Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
Editor's Notes
Finally and obviously the environmental design objective is to minimise the environmental impact of the whole of the phases in relation to the functional unit
CARE BY Stokke , changing top>kids table, writing desk. It changes its shape and function with the gorwing of the kid , so forth avoiding the pre… and disposal of two additional