The 12th Five Year Plan aims to promote faster, more inclusive and sustainable growth in India after high growth but increasing inequities in the 11th Plan. It sets a core target of 8.2% economic growth along with manufacturing growth of 10% and poverty reduction. Key priorities include improving access to education, health and infrastructure while ensuring balanced regional development and closing gender and social gaps. The plan proposes three scenarios for growth and inclusiveness depending on the level of implementation but is limited in metrics to properly measure inclusive growth.

1. 12TH FIVE YEAR PLAN APREM P JOY SC13145
Faster , More Inclusive and Sustainable Growth

2. “ for the first time in history, 4 amongst the 10 richest people of 2009 were indians , but three out of every ten poor people in the world in the same year were also indians”

3. 11th Plan: Exclusion and Deprivations
High growth rate of 7.9% (occasional 9%)
Human Development Index- dropped to 128th to 134th(rank) in 2011
Large inequity in incomes.
 India’s Gini Coefficient has climbed from 0.32 to 0.38 with 0 being the ideal score.
India spends an mere 5 per cent of its GDP on social protection schemes as compared to more than 15 per cent by Brazil
“top 10 per cent wage earners in India now make 12 times more than the bottom 10 per cent”
-OECD Report 2011

4. 12TH FIVE YEAR PLAN

5. GROWTH STRATEGY
•Short Term : Reverse the current growth slowdown :
5.5 percent in 2012-13,
Aim for 6.5 to 7 percent in 2013-14
Longer Term : Get back to high growth. This requires accelerating from 5.5% in 2012-13 to over 9% in last two years
Total overlay of 35,68,626 crore for Centre and states at 2006-07 prices.

6. INCLUSIVENESS
a growth process which has the structural characteristics that will promote inclusiveness.
faster growth in manufacturing, with particular emphasis on the medium, small and micro enterprises --> best scope for absorbing labour currently employed in low productivity occupations.
special emphasis on expanding access to education, health, sanitation and clean drinking water.
Improve conditions for SCs, STs, OBCs, Minorities.
Close gender gaps.
Balanced development of all the regions.

7. 25 Core Monitorable Targets of the 12th Five Year Plan (2012-17)
Economic Growth
Real GDP growth at 8.2%.
Agriculture growth at 4%.
Manufacturing growth at 10%.
Every state must attain higher growth rate than the rate achieved during 11th plan.
Poverty and Employment
Poverty rate to be reduced by 10% than the rate at the end of 11th plan.
5 Crore new work opportunities and skill certifications in non-farm sector.

8. Education
Mean years of schooling to increase to 7 years.
20 lakh seats for each age bracket in higher education.
End gender gap and social gap in school enrollment.
Health
Reduce : IMR to 25; MMR to 1. Increase Child Sex Ratio to 950.
Reduce Total Fertility Rate to 2.1
Reduce under nutrition of children in age group 0-3 to half of NFHS-3 levels.

9. Infrastructure
Investment in Infrastructure at 9% of GDP
Gross Irrigated Area 103 million hectare (from 90 million hectare)
Electricity to all villages; Reduce AT&C losses by 20%.
Connect Villages with All Weather Roads
National and State high ways to a minimum of 2 lane standard.
Complete Eastern and Western Dedicated Freight Corridors.
Rural Tele-Density to 70%.
40 Litres Per Capita Per Day Drinking Water to 50% of rural population; Nirmal Gram Status to 50% of all Gram Panchayats.

10. Environment and Sustainability
Increase green cover by 1 million hectare every year.
30,000 MW renewable energy during Five Year Period.
Emission intensity of GDP to be reduced to 20-25% of 2005 levels by 2020.
Service Delivery
Banking Services to 90% of Indian Households.
Subsidies and Welfare related payment to be routed through Aadhar based Direct Cash Transfer Scheme.

11. SPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Strengthening/Expanding of operational services in communications and navigation
developing enhanced imaging capability for natural resource management, weather and climate change studies
space science missions for better understanding of the solar system and the universe
planetary exploratory missions
development of heavy lift launcher, reusable launch vehicles
the human spaceflight program.
plan outlay of 39,750 crore

12. INNOVATION- ‘THREE SCENARIOS’
Scenario 1- “highly substantial implementation of plan
average growth rate of around 8 percent in the Plan period.
Scenario 2- “partially implemented”
 growth around 6.0 percent.
much low levels of inclusiveness.
Scenario 3 – Policy Logjam
 growth rate could fall to around 5 percent.

13. LIMITATIONS
 continues its primary focus on providing impetus to “growth”
no methodologies to measure and monitor “inclusive growth”
 it should fix targets for Gini coefficient, HDI and other such measures also.

14. “growth for the sake of growth is the philosophy of a cancer cell. Whether we are the RBCs (Red Blood Corpuscles) or cancer cells for Mother Earth, the option can change with the Twelfth Plan”
-Mazher Hussain , member of a Steering Committee of the Planning Commission