The document discusses different types of fallacies in arguments. It identifies fallacies of emotional argument such as scare tactics and bandwagon appeals. Fallacies of ethical argument include appeals to false authority and ad hominem attacks. Fallacies of logical argument comprise hasty generalizations, faulty causality, non sequiturs, and faulty analogies. The document advises examining arguments for fallacies and avoiding them in one's own work while anticipating counterarguments from opponents. It also notes an activity worksheet on fallacies of argument.

1. English 104English 104
Fallacies of Argument

2. Fallacies of ArgumentFallacies of Argument
When examining another’s argument,
look for fallacies:
◦ Fallacies of emotional argument
◦ Fallacies of ethical argument
◦ Fallacies of logical argument
Try to avoid fallacies in your own work.
• Anticipate accusations of fallacies from
opponents and address the
counterarguments in your writing.

3. Fallacies of Emotional ArgumentFallacies of Emotional Argument
Scare tactics
◦ Exaggerating possible dangers beyond their
statistical likelihood
Either-Or Choices
◦ Reducing complicated issues to only two options,
one obviously preferable to the other
Slippery Slope
◦ Exaggerating the likely consequences of an action
◦ Also a form of scare tactic
Bandwagon Appeals
◦ Urge people to follow the same path everyone
else is taking

4. Fallacies of Ethical ArgumentFallacies of Ethical Argument
Appeals to false authority
◦ Relying on disreputable sources
Dogmatism
◦ Implying that no arguments are necessary and
the truth is self-evident
Ad Hominem
◦ Attacking the character of a person rather
than their claims

5. Fallacies of Logical ArgumentFallacies of Logical Argument
Hasty Generalization
◦ Inference drawn from insufficient evidence
Faulty Causality
◦ Faulty assumption that because one event follows
another, the first causes the second
Non Sequitur
◦ Argument whose claims, reasons, or warrants
don’t connect logically
Faulty Analogy
◦ Inaccurate comparisons between objects or
concepts

6. ActivityActivity
Fallacies of Argument individual
worksheet
◦ Without consulting external sources, such as your
textbook, complete the worksheet individually;
however, your score may contribute towards your
group’s points.

7. Works CitedWorks Cited
Lunsford, Andrea A., John J. Ruszkiewicz, and
Keith Walters. Everything’s an Argument with
Readings. 6th
ed. New York: Bedford/St.
Martin’s, 2013. Print.