powerpoint presentation

1. TOMATO
PRODUCTION
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
is a perennial herbaceous plant but it is often
grown as an annual crop even if biennial and
perennial forms exist. Tomato is cultivated in tropical
and temperate climates in open field or under
greenhouse in temperate climate.
Dandi Lloyd Laurio
Instructor

2. Tomato Varieties and Selection
Heirloom Tomatoes
These varieties are older, non-hybrid
varieties that are known for their
unique flavors and colors. They are
often passed down through
generations.
Hybrid Tomatoes
These varieties are created by cross-
breeding different tomato plants to
create disease-resistant and high-
yielding varieties.
Cherry Tomatoes
These small, sweet tomatoes are
perfect for snacking or adding to
salads.

3. Soil Preparation and
Planting
1 Soil Testing
Soil testing is crucial for determining the pH level and
nutrient content of your soil.
2 Soil Amendment
Depending on the results of your soil test, you may need to
amend your soil with compost, fertilizer, or lime.
3 Planting
Plant your tomato seedlings in well-drained soil, spacing
them according to the variety.

5. Irrigation and Watering
Requirements
1 Regular Watering
Tomato plants need consistent
watering, especially during dry
periods.
2 Drip Irrigation
This method delivers water
directly to the root zone,
minimizing water waste and
preventing disease.
3 Watering Time
Water your tomato plants in the
morning, allowing the leaves to
dry before nightfall to prevent
disease.
4 Soil Moisture
Keep the soil consistently moist,
but not waterlogged, to
promote healthy root growth.

6. Fertilization and Nutrient
Management
Nutrient Benefits Sources
Nitrogen Promotes leaf
growth and vigor
Compost, manure,
fertilizer
Phosphorus Supports root
development and
flowering
Bone meal, rock
phosphate,
fertilizer
Potassium Enhances fruit
production and
disease resistance
Greensand, wood
ash, fertilizer

7. Pest and Disease
Management
Early Detection
Regularly inspect your tomato plants for signs of pests and
diseases.
Organic Control
Consider using organic methods, such as insecticidal soap or
neem oil, to control pests.
Disease Prevention
Rotate your crops, practice good sanitation, and provide
adequate air circulation to prevent diseases.

8. Pruning and Staking
Pruning
Pruning helps to improve air
circulation and light
penetration, leading to better
fruit production.
Staking
Staking supports the tomato
plant, preventing it from
collapsing and improving fruit
quality.
Types of Stakes
Use stakes or cages to support your tomato plants, depending on
the variety and your garden setup.

10. Harvesting and Post-Harvest
Handling
Picking
Harvest tomatoes when they are ripe,
but not overripe, to ensure optimal
flavor and quality.
Cleaning
Wash tomatoes gently to remove dirt
and debris, but avoid soaking them for
extended periods.
Storage
Store tomatoes in a cool, dry place,
avoiding direct sunlight and heat to
prolong their shelf life.
Packaging
Pack tomatoes carefully in containers
that are appropriate for their size and
shape.

11. Storage and
Transportation
1 Refrigerated Storage
Refrigerate tomatoes at
45°F to maintain their
freshness and flavor.
2 Controlled
Atmosphere Storage
This method involves
adjusting the atmosphere
in the storage room to slow
down the ripening process.
3 Transportation
Transport tomatoes in refrigerated trucks to maintain their
temperature and prevent spoilage.

12. Tomato Production Economics and Marketing
Production Costs
Analyze the costs associated with tomato production,
including labor, materials, and overhead.
Market Prices
Research market prices for tomatoes to determine the most
profitable outlets for your produce.

14. EGGPLANT
PRODUCTION
Eggplant
is a species in the Solanaceae
family. Solanum melongena is
cultivated worldwide for its edible fruit.
Often purple in color, the spongy,
absorbent fruit complements some
dishes. Commonly used as a culinary
vegetable, it is botanically a berry.
Dandi Lloyd Laurio
Instructor

15. Eggplant Varieties and Cultivation
Varieties
Eggplant varieties are diverse,
ranging from small and round to
large and elongated. Selecting the
right variety depends on factors like
climate, soil, and intended use.
Cultivation Techniques
Eggplant cultivation methods include
direct seeding and transplanting
seedlings. Optimal conditions involve
well-drained soil, adequate sunlight,
and consistent watering.
Growth Habits
Eggplants thrive in warm
temperatures and require sufficient
moisture. They are susceptible to
frost damage and require proper
spacing and pruning to ensure good
airflow.

16. Soil Preparation and
Planting
1 Soil Testing
Conduct a soil test to determine nutrient levels and pH,
adjusting accordingly to create optimal growing conditions.
2 Soil Amendment
Incorporate organic matter, like compost, to improve soil
structure, drainage, and nutrient retention for healthy
eggplant growth.
3 Planting
Plant eggplant seedlings after the last frost date, spacing them
appropriately to allow for proper growth and airflow.

18. Irrigation and Fertilization
1 Watering Needs
Eggplants require regular
watering, especially during hot
weather, to prevent wilting and
ensure optimal fruit
development.
2 Fertilization Schedule
Provide regular fertilization with
balanced nutrients, taking care
not to over-fertilize, which can
negatively impact fruit quality.
3 Mulching
Mulching around eggplant plants
helps retain moisture, suppress
weeds, and regulate soil
temperature for optimal growth.
4 Drip Irrigation
Drip irrigation is a water-efficient
method that delivers water
directly to the root zone,
reducing waste and promoting
healthy growth.

19. Pest and Disease Management
Common Pests
Common eggplant pests include
aphids, whiteflies, and Colorado
potato beetles, which can cause
damage to leaves and fruits.
Disease Management
Eggplants are susceptible to
diseases like bacterial wilt and
Verticillium wilt. Maintaining good
sanitation and practicing crop
rotation can help prevent these
issues.
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
IPM involves a combination of methods, such as cultural practices, biological
control, and chemical pesticides, to control pests and diseases while
minimizing environmental impact.

20. Harvesting and Handling
Timing
Eggplants are ready for harvest when they reach full size and
have a glossy, deep purple color, with a firm texture.
Harvesting Techniques
Harvest eggplants by cutting the fruit with a sharp knife, leaving
a short stem attached. Avoid bruising the fruit during
harvesting.
Post-Harvest Handling
After harvesting, handle eggplants carefully to prevent bruising
and store them in a cool, dry place to maintain freshness.

21. Post-Harvest Storage and
Transportation
Storage Conditions Optimum
Temperature
Storage Duration
Refrigerated
Storage
7-10°C (45-50°F) Up to 2 weeks
Controlled
Atmosphere
Storage
5°C (41°F), low
oxygen, high
carbon dioxide
Up to 4 weeks

22. Eggplant Nutrition and Health
Benefits
Rich in Antioxidants
Eggplant is a good source of antioxidants,
such as nasunin, which may help protect
cells from damage.
High in Fiber
Fiber promotes digestive health and helps
regulate blood sugar levels.
Low in Calories
Eggplant is a low-calorie vegetable, making
it a healthy addition to a balanced diet.
Contains Potassium
Potassium plays a vital role in muscle
function and helps maintain healthy blood
pressure.

23. Eggplant Culinary Uses and Recipes
Baba Ghanoush
A Middle Eastern dip made with
roasted eggplant, tahini, garlic, and
lemon juice. Served with pita bread or
vegetables.
Eggplant Parmesan
An Italian-American dish where
breaded eggplant slices are layered
with tomato sauce, cheese, and
breadcrumbs and baked.
Grilled Eggplant
Simple and versatile. Grilled eggplant
can be served with various sauces,
spices, or as a side dish with rice or
quinoa.

24. Eggplant Production
Trends and Market
Outlook
Global eggplant production is on the rise, driven by increasing demand
and diverse culinary uses. There is potential for further growth in both
domestic and export markets.

25. THANK YOU