2. 1.Introduction
evolution and amalgamation of numerous
development efforts.
model, protocols, and architecture of Grid
Computing.
3. 2.History
early-to-mid 1990s, there were numerous
research projects underway in the
academic and research community that
were focused on distributed computing.
IEEE/ACM 1995 Super Computing
conference in San Diego, 11 high speed
networks were used to connect 17 sites
with high-end computing resources for a
demonstration to create one super “meta
computer”
DARPA agency, in October 1996
4. 3. High-Performance Computing
Supercomputing
Parallel processing algorithms
Table
University of Mannheim and the University
of Tennessee
www.top500.org
5. 4.Cluster Computing
high prices of supercomputers
Linux
cluster of PCs, or workstations
since 1994
Platform Computing
ForgeExplorer
deployed in industries such as life
sciences, digital entertainment, finance,
etc.
IEEE Computer Society conference
7. 6.Internet Computing
Large compute intensive projects are
coded so that tasks can be broken down
into smaller subtasks and distributed over
the Internet for processing
Projects table
8. 7. Grid Computing
under one definitional
The flexible, secure, coordinated resource
sharing among dynamic collections of individuals,
institutions, and resources.
Transparent, secure, and coordinated resource
sharing and collaboration across sites.
The ability to form virtual, collaborative
organizations that share applications and data in
an open heterogeneous server environment in
order to work on common problems.
The ability to aggregate large amounts of
computing resources which are geographically
dispersed to tackle large problems and workloads
as if all the servers and resources are located in
a single site.
9. A hardware and software infrastructure
that provides dependable, consistent,
pervasive, and inexpensive access to
computational resources.
The Web provides us information—the
grid allows us to process it.
Grid Computing enables virtual
organizations to share geographically
distributed resources as they pursue
common goals, assuming the absence of
central location, central control,
omniscience, and an existing trust
relationship
10. Virtual organizations
1. Boeing’s Blended Wing Body design
team located in numerous Boeing offices
around the world.
2. Worldcom’s Global VPN Product
Management team with members in 28
countries working on defining product
specifications.
3. An accounting department of a
company.
4. An emergency response team created
to tackle an oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico.
11. 7.1.Peer-to-Peer Networks and Grid
Computing
7.2. Cluster Computing and Grid
Computing
7.3. Internet Computing and Grid
Computing
14. Protocols defined at this layer include:
Grid Resource Allocation Management
(GRAM)—Remote allocation, reservation,
monitoring, and control of resources
GridFTP (FTP Extensions)—High
performance data access and transport
Grid Resource Information Service
(GRIS)—Access to structure and state
information
19. 3 Data Transfer: Grid File Transfer
Protocol
There are numerous examples of grids
today that have to perform sophisticated,
computationally intensive analyses on
petabytes of data.
The standard FTP protocol has been
extended while preserving interoperability
with existing servers to develop GridFTP
20. 4 Information Services: Grid
Information Services
Two types of Grid Information Services
The Grid Resource Information Service
(GRIS)
The Grid Index Information Service(GIIS)
