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- 1. 1. To endin smoke Smoking too many cigarettes House burnt down Face failure Religious ceremony 2. To get into hot waters Bathe in the winter months To get healthy To get rich To get into trouble 3. To make ends meet A short story To earn enough to live To skip classes To be an expert 4. Bolt from the blue Sudden shock To get punched To lose a tight game To ask for help 5. To burn the candle at both ends To argue endlessly Long power cut To work long hours To have a good time 6. To bury the hatchet To end enmity To kill someone To hide stolen treasure To overexert 7. To spill the beans To eat clumsily To reveal a secret To get exhausted To fight 8. To lead someone up the garden path To give directions To show a beautiful place To mislead someone To exaggerate 9. To weather a storm To criticize someone To survive a crisis To be an introvert To guess correctly 10. To bite one’s lip To be unsure To feel sorry at someone’s plight To not react despite being angry To laugh at someone’s misfortune
- 2. Idioms Exercise 1 TURNOVER A NEW LEAF Changing for the better After Ajit was released from prison, he decided to turn over a new leaf and become an honest man. PULL UP ONE’S SOCKS To make an effort to improve Rajesh scored only forty on his English mid-term exams. He needs to pull up his socks if he wants to do well in his finals. HIT BELOW THE BELT To act in an unfair manner The candidate of the opposition party spread false rumours about the Minister. People felt that he was hitting below the belt. GIFT OF THE GAB The ability to speak well Pooja was able to keep the audiences amused with her stories. She surely has the gift of the gab. WILD GOOSE CHASE Futile search Searching for hidden gold in the village field is nothing but a wild goose chase. HAVE SECOND THOUGHTS Reconsider a decision Rajiv began to have second thoughts about his decision to study Economics when he realised that he could not even pay attention during the lectures. TAKE TO TASK To reprimand someone Payal was taken to task by her mother when she failed her Mathematics exam.
- 3. FACE THE MUSICTo face the consequences of one’s action I lost my father’s pen. I will have to face the music when I reach home. BREAK THE ICE Overcome initial shyness The teacher asked the students to introduce themselves to each other to break the ice. MAKE A MOUNTAIN OUT OF A MOLEHILL To give great importance to minor things Manoj stopped talking to Rupa because she did not lend him her notebook. I think he is making a mountain out of a molehill. AT LOGGERHEADS To differ strongly The two brothers can never work together. They are always at loggerheads. MAKE HAY WHILE THE SUN SHINES Make the best of a good situation while it lasts Mr. Sharma got the big contract to supply machine parts to a big Japanese company. He should make hay while the sun shines. LET BYGONES BE BYGONES Ignore the bad things of the past We have not spoken to each other since the time we had a fight a few months back. We should let bygones be bygones and become friends again. HIT THE NAIL ON THE HEAD Be exact or accurate Ram is a genius. He hit the nail on the head when he said that the car was overheating because of a leaking radiator.
- 4. THROW IN THETOWEL To accept defeat I am unable to solve this question. I am ready to throw in the towel. NO STONE UNTURNED Make all possible efforts Ramesh has joined two coaching classes. He is leaving no stone unturned in his efforts to get into an engineering college. BORN WITH A SILVER SPOON IN ONE’S MOUTH To be born in a very rich family Priya was born with a silver spoon in her mouth. Her father gave her an expensive car on her eighteenth birthday. KEEP ONE’S FINGERS CROSSED Hope for a positive outcome My results will come out day after tomorrow. I am keeping my fingers crossed. BY HOOK OR BY CROOK Using any means, fair or foul There is a cricket match tomorrow. Raj will make sure he gets the day off from office by hook or by crook. BURN ONE’S FINGERS Suffer for something that one has done I will never bet again. I burnt my fingers betting at the race course today. ROOT MEANING EXAMPLE WORDS Ambi Both Ambidextrous – Use both hands well Ambiguity – Double meaning, can be interpreted in more than one way Aqua Water Aquarium – Artificial environment for water plants and animals
- 5. Aquatic – Plantor animal living in water Art Skill Artistic – Natural skill in art Artisan – Skilled manual work Auto Self Automatic – Working by itself Autonomous – Having self-government Bi Two, Twice Biannual – Occurring twice in a year Bigamy – Being married twice Bio Life Biology – Study of living things Biohazard – Risk to living things Cardio Heart Cardiology – Branch of medicine dealing with the heart Cardiovascular – Pertaining to the heart and blood vessels Cent Hundred Centenary – Hundredth Anniversary Centenarian – Person who is hundred or more years old Cert Sure Certificate – Document attesting a fact like birth, death, graduation, marriage etc Certitude – Feeling of certainty Chrono Time Chronology – Study of events in the order of their occurrence Chronograph – Instrument that records time with high accuracy Counter Contrary Counter-intuitive – Contrary to intuition Counter-productive – Having the opposite effect as intended De Remove Detoxify – Remove the poisonous substances Dethrone – Remove from the throne Dem People Democracy – System of government elected by the people Demography - Statistics of births, deaths, mortality etc. of people Derm Skin Dermatologist – Doctor specialized in the study of skin disorders Dermatitis – Inflammation of the skin Flor Flower Florist – Person who sells flowers Floral – Decorated with flowers Gastro Stomach Gastritis – Inflammation of the stomach lining Gastroenterologist – Doctor specialized in the study of stomach and intestinal disorders Grat Pleasing Gratify – Delight or please someone Gratuity – Tip, token of appreciation
- 6. Hepa Liver Hepatitis –Inflammation of the liver Hepatic – Relating to the liver Hept Seven Heptagon – Figure with seven sides Heptathlon – Athletic event having seven events Hex Six Hexagon – Figure with six sides Hexavalent – Having a valency of six Inter Between Interconnect – Connect with each other Interdepend – Depend on each other Iso Equal Isosceles – Triangle having two equal sides Isobar – Line on map connecting points of equal barometer pressures Jud Law Judiciary – Collective of judges Judgement – Decision of a court Kilo Thousand Kilogram – Thousand grams Kilolitre – Thousand litres Lacto Milk Lactic – Obtained from mil Lactose – Sugar occurring in milk Mal Bad Malevolent – Wishing bad things on others Malice – Intention to do evil Mort Death Mortuary – Place where dead bodies are kept until they are cremated or buried Mortician - Undertaker Narr Tell Narrate - To tell a story Narrator - Person who tells a story. Nov New Novelty – Newness or originality Novice - Beginner Oct Eight Octagon – Figure with eight sides Octave – Stanza of eight lines Ocu Eye Ocular – Connected with the eyes Oculist – Specialist in the medical treatment of eye disorders Omni All Omnipresent – Present everywhere at the same time Omnivorous – Eating all kinds of foods Ortho Straight Orthodontics – Dealing with straightening of teeth Orthopaedics – Dealing with the straightening of bones Pan All Panorama – An all-around view Pandemic – Prevalent all over a country or world
- 7. Ped Foot Pedicure –Treatment of the feet Pedal – Foot operated lever Poly Many Polygon – Figure with many sides Polygamy – Having more than one husband or wife at the same time Psych Mind Psychiatry – Study of mental diseases Psych – Prepare oneself mentally for a task Quad Four Quadruple – Increase four times Quadrangle – Figure having four sides Quin Five Quintuple – Increase five times Quintuplet – Five children born at the same time Semi Half Semi-circle – Half of a circle Semiaquatic – Animal living partly on land and partly in water Sept Seven Septuplet – Seven children born at the same time Septuagenarian – People aged before 70 and 79 Trans Across Transpacific – Across the Pacific Ocean Transnational – Across national boundaries Tri Three Triangle – Figure with three sides Triathlon - Athletic event having three events Uni One Unitarian – People who believes God is one person Unique – One of a kind Vince Conquer Invincible – One who cannot be conquered Convince – Persuade a person 1. Alter other together any short 2. Aud light air sound water 3. Biblio vehicle college
- 8. school book 4. Bio educationlife gd evil 5. Ced eat go sleep wake 6. Chrom color water snow sand 7. Derm teeth skin bone muscle 8. Ego other together another self 9. Duo one two three four
- 9. 1. Fil like filmlike water like thread like air 2. Geo planets solar system earth stars 3. Hemo blood muscles bones nails 4. Hydro electricity water coal wood 5. Ject catch throw fight love 6. Min small ellipse large time
- 10. 7. Neuro nerve nails bloodbones 8. Ped hand elbow foot mouth 9. Script read listen learn write 10. Vac full half empty semi