01. 02. html web engineering html & introduction

HTML
<html>
<head>
<title>Title of page</title>
</head>
<body>
This is my first homepage.
</body>
</html>

HEAD ELEMENT
 The HEAD section of an HTML document is like a front
matter of a book.
 HEAD tag always keep behind the HTML tag.
 Things are going in the HEAD section, consider to be
META data content model these includes TITLE, META,
LINK, STYLE, SCRIPT and BASE elements.

EXAMPLE
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang=‘en’>
<head>
<meta charset=“UTF-8” />
<link rel=“stylesheet” type=“text/css” href=“main.css” />
</head>
<body>
This is my first homepage.
<b>This text is bold</b>
</body>
</html>
4

TITLE ELEMENT
 The TITLE element is used for setting title of a document.
 Title element is required in HTML even its empty. There
may be only one TITLE element in a web page.
 Example:
<head>
</head>
5

LINK ELEMENT
 LINK element is used to have relationship with other
documents. LINK tag is used to add external style sheet.
Link is also used to place a small image at title portion of
the web page.
 Example:
<head>
<link rel=“stylesheet” type=“text/css”
href=“main.css” />
<link href="scissors-small.png" type="image/gif"
rel="shortcut icon" />
</head>
6

STYLE ELEMENT
 STYLE element is used to embed style sheet on a same web
page.
 Example:
<head>
<style>
p {
line-height: 1.2;
}
p.first:first-line {
font-variant: small-caps;
}
</style>
</head> 7

META TAG
 META tag is used to describe various aspects of your
HTML page. META means its data about data. It helps
search engine to categorize your page.
 The data that can not be display on web page, but can be
used by various process. Like web server deliver it or
user web browsers.
8

EXAMPLE
 <head>
<meta charset=“UTF-8” />
<meta http-equiv=“refresh” content=“5;
url=http://sites.google.com/site/cs1113webprog” />
<link rel=“stylesheet” type=“text/css” href=“main.css” />
</head>
 It describes the character being used by this document. So
browser can display properly.
 Second META tag will wait for 5 seconds and then redirect
to this course web page. 9

SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION
 The concept of search engine optimization is interesting
widely misunderstood subject.
 There are people who tell you that they can increase
search ranking of your page. So your page show higher
in search engine listing. But most part this is not true.
 Any technique that can effectively submit search engine
today will not work tomorrow because the engineers at
search engine company update their algorithms to defeat
those technique.
10

EXAMPLE
 <meta name=“keywords” content=“Amazing, New, Bill,
Page Web site, C++ Tutorials bla bla” />
 <meta name=“description” content=“Amazing, New, Bill,
Page Web site, C++ Tutorials bla bla” />
 Keywords meta tag is originally designed to help the search
engine by allowing content authors to categorize their
contents.
 But this feature is abused so badly, that search engine have
stopped using it. So its largely ignored today by major
search engines.
11

EXAMPLE
 <title>
Bill’s Amazing New Page!
- * - * - * -
Amazing, New, Bill, Page, Web site,
C++ Tutorials, blah blah blah
</title>
 So, SEO focus start abusing the title tag by putting the
same garbage in the title tag. Now search engine
algorithms of course ignore this too.
12

 The goal of search engine is to provide useful results to
users. They want to categorize your page correctly and
want to rank it according to its actual popularity.
 The HTML5 have good set of tags for making it easier for
search engines to read and understand your page.
13

LINE BREAK TAG
 Normally your browser will decide, where to break the
line and paragraphs. You may force a line to break using
the <BR> tag.
 Example:
<p>
The attackers set about acquiring the control over the
computers to be used in the attack. <br /> By scanning
using Sscan SW, a large numbers of computers attached
to the Internet.   Once a computer with a
weak security scheme is identified, the attackers try a
break-in.
</p>
14

FONT ELEMENT
 Sometimes you tell browser to show text something in a
different way. Can of course use CSS for this often as
best choice.
 HTML does however provide few simple elements, case
where you need something just simple.
15

 <b> Bold </b>
 <i> Italic </i>
 <u> Underline </u>
 This is a <sub> subscript </sub>
 This is a <sup> superscript </sup>
 This is a <small> small </small>
16

HIGHLIGHTING TEXT
 HTML provides new inline element called MARK to
highlighting text.
 Example:
<p>
computers to be used in the attack. By <mark>scanning
using Sscan SW,</mark> a large numbers of computers
attached to the Internet. Once a computer with a weak
security scheme is identified, the attackers try a break-in.
</p>
17

EXAMPLE
 Example:
<p>
computers to be used in the attack.
<mark style=“background-color: green; color: white;”>
By scanning using Sscan SW,
</mark>
a large numbers of computers attached to the Internet.
Once a computer with a weak security scheme is
identified, the attackers try a break-in.
</p>
18

HEADING TAGS
 Heading elements are available at six level. Heading is
block level element.
 <h1> Heading 1 </h1>
19

QUOTATIONS AND QUOTE MARKS
 Example:
<blockquote>
computers to be used in the attack.
"By scanning using 'Sscan' SW",
a large numbers of computers attached to the Internet.
Once a computer with a weak security scheme is
identified, the attackers try a break-in.
</blockquote>
20

PRE-FORMATTED TEXT
 PRE tag is used for pre-formatting text and it is useful to display
text in its natural format.
 Example:
<pre>
This text is
preformatted
and should be
displayed in a
particular way
and shape without any
reformatting
by
the
browser.
</pre>
21

EXAMPLE
 Example:
<pre>
int main (int argc, char ** argv ) {
printf("Hello World!n");
return 0;
}
</pre>
22

EXAMPLE
 Example:
<pre>
<html >
<head >
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title >
HTML preformatted Text
</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1> HTML Preformatted Text </h1>
</body >
</html >
</pre> 23

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