Basics of drawing

WHAT IS A LINE?
• LINES VISUALLY SEPARATE AND/OR DEFINE THE FORMS,
SHAPES, AND PATTERNS OF THE VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF A
DRAWING.
• THE THREE FAMILIES OF LINES, STRAIGHT, ANGLE, AND
CURVED, WHICH ARE THE BASIC BUILDING BLOCKS OF
DRAWING.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

ANGLE LINES
ANGLE LINES OCCUR WHEN TWO STRAIGHT LINES MEET (OR
JOIN TOGETHER), AND ARE USED TO DRAW VARIOUS
STRAIGHT-SIDED SHAPES, SUCH AS SQUARES, RECTANGLES,
AND TRIANGLES.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

CURVED LINES
CURVED LINES ARE FORMED WHEN A STRAIGHT LINE CURVES
OR BENDS.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

EXPLORE YOUR IDEAS
• STRAIGHT LINES
• ANGLED LINES
• CURVED LINES
• COMPLEXLINES( COMBINATIONOF LINES)
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

WHAT IS SHADING?
• SHADING (VERB) REFERS TO THE TECHNIQUE USED TO
ACHIEVE A SMOOTH RENDERING OF GRAPHITE PENCIL
EVENLY DISTRIBUTED OVER THE SURFACE OF THE PAGE OR
SURFACE YOU ARE WORKING ON.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

HOW TO PREPARE YOUR PENCIL
• SHARPEN AN HB PENCIL,
EXPOSING AS MUCH
GRAPHITE AS POSSIBLE
WITHOUT IT BREAKING.
• PLACE THE GRAPHITE
SECTION OF YOUR PENCIL
ALMOST FLAT ONTO A PIECE
OF SMOOTH SANDPAPER.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

HOW TO PREPARE YOUR PENCIL
• LIFT THE PENCIL ON A SLIGHT ANGLE JUST ENOUGH SO THAT
THE WOOD PART DOESN’T SCRAPE ALONG THE SURFACE OF
THE SANDPAPER.
• GENTLY ROLL YOUR PENCIL ACROSS THE SANDPAPER,
DRAGGING IT ALONG AS YOU GO.
• AVOID FLAT EDGES BY ROLLING IT A FULL 360 DEGREES AS YOU
DRAG.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

HOW TO HOLD YOUR PENCIL
• HOLD AN HB PENCIL AS FLAT TO THE PAGE AS POSSIBLE
WITHOUT ALLOWING THE WOOD PART TO TOUCH THE
SURFACE.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

HOW TO HOLD YOUR PENCIL
• AS YOU HOLD YOUR PENCIL AS FLAT TO THE PAGE AS POSSIBLE, GENTLY STROKE IT
FROM SIDE TO SIDE.MAKE SURE YOU MOVE YOUR ENTIRE ARM.
• BEGIN WITH MINIMAL PRESSURE AND GRADUALLY APPLY MORE PRESSURE TO
CREATE DARKERAREAS.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

HOW DIFFERENT PAPERS AFFECT
SHADING
Rough Texture paper
Smooth Texture paper

USING A COTTON BUD TO BLEND A
SHADED AREA
• USE SMALL CIRCULAR MOTIONS FOR SMALLER AREAS AND A
COMBINATION OF LONG SWEEPING VERTICAL OR HORIZONTAL
LINES AS WELL AS DIAGONALS OR CIRCULAR MOTIONS FOR
LARGER AREAS
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

VALUE SCALES WITH SHADING
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

• USING YOUR RULER AND HB PENCIL, DRAW A RECTANGLE 12CM
LONG BY 2CM WIDE.
• BEGIN SHADING THESE SQUARES BY USING HB PENCIL IN A
CIRCULAR MOTION
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

• USING YOUR 2B PENCIL, PRESS A LITTLE FIRMER AND BEGIN IN
BOX NUMBER 6 PROCEED UP TO BOX NUMBER 3
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

• USING YOUR 2B PENCIL AGAIN, PRESSING EVEN FIRMER,
SHADE ALL THE BOXES, BEGINNING WITH NUMBER 6, UNTIL
YOU COMPLETE BOX 4
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

• PRESS FIRMLY WITH YOUR 4B PENCIL, TO SHADE THE
REMAINING TWO BOXES (6 AND 5) LEAVING 4 UNTOUCHED.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

• USING YOUR 4B PENCIL, PRESSING QUITE FIRMLY, SHADE IN
THE NUMBER 6 BOX.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

VARIOUS METHODS OF DRAWING CIRCLE
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

SHADING OF FORMS
DRAWING WITH ERASERS
• USE YOUR DARKEST PENCIL TO SMOOTHLY SHADE IN THE
ENTIRE AREA OF A DRAWING SURFACE.
• WITH A PIECE OF PAPER OR COTTON, VERY GENTLY BLEND THE
WHOLE SURFACE, UNTIL YOU HAVE A SOLID TONE.
DON’T APPLY MORE PRESSURE WHILE BLENDING.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

SHADING OF FORMS
DRAWING WITH ERASERS
USE YOUR ERASERS HOWEVER YOU WISH TO EXPERIMENT WITH
PULLING LIGHT VALUES FROM THE DARK DRAWING SURFACE.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

SHADING OF FORMS
COMING OUT OF THE DARK
• SHADE IN A SECTION OF YOUR DRAWING SPACE WITH YOUR
STICK OF CHARCOAL.
• USE A PIECE OF PAPER TO BLEND INTO SOLID TONE.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

SHADING OF FORMS COMING OUT OF THE DARK
• ERASE, PAT, AND PULL OUT LIGHT AREAS UNTIL YOU CAN IDENTIFY
A CIRCULAR SHAPE.
• THE LIGHTER VALUES CLOSER TO THE LIGHT SOURCE, ARE NEAR
THE TOP OF THE SPHERE.
• THE TINY GLOW ON THE LOWER EDGE OF THE CIRCLE IS THE
REFLECTED LIGHT.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

• USE A SHARP EDGE OF YOUR VINYL ERASE TO “PULL OUT” THE WHITE
AREA (THE HIGHLIGHT) IN THE UPPER AREA OF THE CIRCLE.
• A HIGHLIGHT IS THE BRIGHTEST AREA OF AN OBJECT;; USUALLY, THE
SECTION THAT IS CLOSEST TO THE LIGHT SOURCE.
• SHADOWS ARE THE AREAS ON (OR ADJACENT TO) AN OBJECT THAT
RECEIVE LITTLE OR NO LIGHT.
• WITH YOUR CHARCOAL PENCIL DRAW AN OUTLINE AROUND YOUR SHAPE.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

• USE YOUR CHARCOAL PENCIL TO ADD DARK SHADING TO THE SHADOW
SECTIONS OF THE CIRCLE.
• DRAW THE CAST SHADOW UNDERNEATH THE SPHERE.
• A CAST SHADOW IS A DARK AREA ON A SURFACE, ADJACENT TO WHERE
THE LIGHT IS BLOCKED BY AN OBJECT.
• STEP BACK FROM YOUR DRAWING, HAVE A LOOK AT THE OVERALL
VALUES, AND ADD FINAL TOUCHES TO THE SHADING, IF NEEDED
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

WHAT IS HATCHING?
• HATCHING IS A SERIES OF LINES (CALLED A SET) DRAWN
CLOSELY TOGETHER TO GIVE THE ILLUSION OF VALUES.
• CREATE VARIOUS GRADUATIONS BY PLACING THE LINES
CLOSE AND FAR.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

GRADUATION IN HATCHING
HATCHING IS A SERIES OF LINES (CALLED A SET) DRAWN
CLOSELY TOGETHER TO GIVE THE ILLUSION OF VALUES.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

BASIC GRADUATION IN HATCHING
• STEP – 1
• ON THE LEFT SIDE OF YOUR PAPER, PRESS VERY LIGHTLY
WITH YOUR 2B PENCIL TO DRAW THE LIGHTEST LINES FAR
APART AND FEW IN NUMBER.
• AS APPROACHING MIDDLE PORTION DRAW MORE AND MORE
HATCHING LINES CLOSER TOGETHER
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

BASIC GRADUATION IN HATCHING
• STEP – 2
• AS MOVING TOWARDS RIGHT MAKE LINES CLOSER.
• CLOSER LINES SHOWS DARKER SHADES. LEAVE SPACE FOR
THE PAPER BACKGROUND TO BE REVEALED.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

• STEP – 1
• STEP – 2
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

• STEP – 4
• CHALLENGE STEP
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

• TRYTHIS
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

• EXERCISE
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

• ADD SHADING USING 2B PENCIL
2B lines far
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

VARIOUS METHODS OF DRAWING ELLIPSE
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

EXERCISE FOR DRAWING
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

LIGHT ON A MUG
LIGHTLY SKETCH AN OVAL (CALLED AN ELLIPSE) IN YOUR
SKETCHBOOK PAGE WITH AN HB PENCIL.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

LIGHT ON A MUG
• ADD THE SIDES OF THE MUG BY SKETCHING A STRAIGHT LINE
DOWN FROM EACH END OF THE OVAL.
• ADD A CURVED LINE ALONG THE BOTTOM.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

LIGHT ON A MUG
• SKETCH THE TWO ENDS OF THE HANDLE.
• SKETCH THE TWO BACKWARD C-SHAPES,
WHICH COMPLETE THE HANDLE OF THE
MUG.
• USE FRESHLY SHARPENED PENCILS, AND
NEAT, THIN LINES TO OUTLINE THE SHAPES
OF THE MUG.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

LIGHT ON A MUG
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

ADDING SHADING WITH HATCHING
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

EXERCISE FOR HATCHING
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

1. Eyebrow. 2. Upper eyelid crease. 3. The upper eyelid is a movable fold of skin that
opens and closes to protect the eyeball.
4. The white of the eye (the visible section of the eyeball) is light, but not really white.
5. A highlight is the brightest area where light bounces off the surface of the eye.
6. The pupil of an eye is the darkest circular shape within the iris.
7. The irisis the colored circular section of the eyeball surrounding the pupil.
8. The lower eyelid is a fold of skin protecting the lower section of the eyeball
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

1. Use a ruler to draw a straight line down the
center of your page (Line AB).
2. Choose two points along Line AB to be the total
length of Boy’s head, and draw a horizontal line
through each point. (Upper line = Top of head)
(Lower line = Bottom of Chin)
3. Draw a horizontal straight line through the mid-
point of the vertical line (CD)
4. Draw a horizontal straight line through the mid-
point of previous half of the vertical line. (EF)
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

5. Sketch the basic outline of the bottom half of boy’s
face with an HB pencil.
6. Lightly sketch the top and sides of the uppereyelids.
7. Draw a curved line to mark the opening of the
mouth in between lines EF and GH.
8. Add a tiny dark section, on each end of his mouth to
mark the corners.
9. Add a line under each eye to identify the location the
edge of his lower eyelids.
10. Sketch another line under the opening of his mouth to
mark the location of the bottom of his lower lip.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

11. Lightly sketch two V-shapes with
slightlycurvedlines.
12. Add the outline of his hair on each
side ofhishead.
13. Use angle lines to sketch the
positions of the top and bottom of each
ofhisears.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

14. Draw partial circles to identify the
positions of the irises of his eyes.
15. Draw the eyebrows.
16. Draw a long thin triangular shape
(the pupil) inside each iris.
17. Add two comma-shapes as the
nostrils of the nose.
18. Lightly sketch the texture of the hair
with curved lines.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

WHAT IS PERSPECTIVE?
• PERSPECTIVE IS A METHOD OF REPRESENTING SUBJECTS (AND THE
INDIVIDUAL PARTS OF SUBJECTS) IN A DRAWING, IN SUCH A WAY THAT
THEY SEEM TO RECEDE INTO DISTANT SPACE, AND APPEAR SMALLER
THE FARTHER THEY ARE AWAY FROM YOU.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

PERSPECTIVE
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

PERSPECTIVE
On the horizonlinewithsectionsaboveand below
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

PERSPECTIVE
Above the horizon line, and seem to be floating in the air.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

PERSPECTIVE
Below the horizon line
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

PERSPECTIVEBelow the horizon line
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

PERSPECTIVE Below the horizon line Challenge
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

PERSPECTIVE Drawing a Circle
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

PERSPECTIVE
Drawing a Circle
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

PERSPECTIVE Drawing a precise circle
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

PERSPECTIVE Drawing a Cylinder
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

WHAT IS CROSS HATCHING?
CROSS HATCHING IS A SHADING TECHNIQUE THAT IS USED FOR
DRAWING VARIOUS REALISTIC AND CREATIVE TEXTURES.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

WHAT IS VALUE?
VALUES ARE THE DIFFERENT SHADES OF GRAY CREATED WHEN YOU
DRAW BY VARYING THE DENSITY OF THE SHADING LINES, AND THE
PRESSUREUSED IN HOLDING VARIOUSPENCILS.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

CREATING VALUE SCALES
Ø RENDER A FULL RANGE OF TEN VALUES BY VARYING THE
DENSITY OF THE LINES, THE PRESSURE USED IN HOLDING
PENCILS, AND BY USING DIFFERENT GRADES OF PENCILS.
Ø 2H LIGHTEST (HARDEST)
Ø 6B DARKEST (SOFTEST)
Ø 2B MIDDLE VALUES
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

STEP -1
2 H Pencil With Varying Pressure HB Pencil With Varying
Pressure and Density
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

• STEP -2
HB Pencil With Varying
Pressure and Density
4 B2 B 6B
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

ØCREATE SOME CROSSHATCHING STYLES
OF YOUR VERY OWN.
ØRENDER VALUE SCALES WITH A FEW
CREATIVE STYLES OF CROSSHATCHING.

WHAT IS VALUE MAP?
• A VALUE MAP IS A PLAN (OR BLUEPRINT) FOR ADDING SHADING TO A
DRAWING. THE LOCATIONS AND SIZES OF THE SHAPES OF VARIOUS
VALUES ARE IDENTIFIED AND LIGHTLYOUTLINED.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

VALUE MAP
• A VALUE MAP WORKS BY FIRST IDENTIFYING, EACH OF THE
FOLLOWING:
• HIGHLIGHTS TEND TO BE EASY TO FIND BECAUSE THEY ARE
THE LIGHTEST AND BRIGHTEST SECTIONS.
• LIGHT VALUES ARE CLOSEST TO THE LIGHT SOURCE, OFTEN
ADJACENT TO OR SURROUNDING HIGHLIGHTS.
• DARK VALUES ARE IN THE SHADOW SECTIONS OF THE
SUBJECT AND/OR IN VARIOUS CAST SHADOWS.
• MEDIUM VALUES TEND TO FALL IN BETWEEN THE LIGHT AND
DARK VALUES.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

VALUE MAP
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

VALUE MAPPING
SLEEVE RENDERING
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

VALUE MAPPING
SLEEVE RENDERING - BASICS
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU
Ø Highlights reflect off surfaces close to
the light source.
Ø The transition of values from light to
dark is compactedinto short distances.
Ø Dark shadows and pronounced
highlights are often very close together.

VALUE MAPPING
SLEEVE RENDERING - BASICS
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU
Ø Very Lightly Sketch outline of an arm
bent at elbow
Ø Use curved lines to indicate ribcage,
breastand wait
Ø Use 2H Pencils

SLEEVE RENDERING - BASICSVALUE MAPPING
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU
HB Pencil

4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

4/17/20PROF SG.BABU
Final Output

WHAT IS CONTOUR HATCHING?
• CONTOUR HATCHING IS A SERIES OF CURVED LINES (CALLED A SET)
DRAWN CLOSELY TOGETHER TO GIVE THE ILLUSION OF VALUES.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

WHY CONTOUR HATCHING IS NEEDED?
TO GIVE 3D EFFECT.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

BASICS OF CONTOUR HATCHING
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

CONTOUR HATCHING
Draw the form
Map the directions of
hatching lines
Use curved hatching
lines & shade
Shade More
Darken the
perimeter with 2B
pencil
Touch up with HB &
2B
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

WHAT IS SQUIRKLING?
• SQUIRKLING IS A METHOD OF SHADING INCORPORATING
RANDOMLY DRAWN CURVED LINES TO CREATE TEXTURED
VALUES.
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

CHALLENGE
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

SQUIRKLING? •STEPS
2H
HB
2B
4B
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

OUT DOOR SKETCHING
• SKETCH PROPORTIONS: SKETCHING THE OVERALL
COMPOSITION OF THE SCENE PROPORTIONATELY CORRECT
• OUTLINE SHAPES: OUTLINING THE SHAPES OF IMPORTANT
OBJECTS IN THE SCENE
• DEFINE VALUES: ADDING SIMPLE HATCHING LINES TO SHADE IN
THE VALUES
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

WHAT IS A STILL-LIFE?
• A STILL-LIFE IS AN
ARRANGEMENT OF
INANIMATE ITEMS (ITEMS
THAT ARE NOT ALIVE)
• A STILL-LIFE IS ARRANGED
FOR THE PURPOSE OF
CREATING ART
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

VAN GOGH’SSHOES
VINCENT VAN GOGH
CREATED THIS STILL-
LIFE OF HIS SHOES.
WHAT MAKES THE
SHOES INTERESTING AS
A PIECE OF ART?
WHAT MIGHT WE NEED
TO THINK ABOUT IF WE
CREATED OUR OWN
STILL-LIFE?
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

YOUR PROJECT FOR TODAY
• WITH YOUR GROUP MATES,
CAREFULLY GO THROUGH THE
COOL ITEMS MS. STEPHENSON
BROUGHT TO CLASS (OR USE
SOME OF YOUR OWN!)
• CHOOSE 4-5 OBJECTS FOR
YOUR TABLE
• ARRANGE THE ITEMS IN AN
INTERESTING WAY
• DRAW THEM ON YOUR PAPER
USING ANY TECHNIQUE WE’VE
USED IN CLASS SO FAR
(CONTOUR LINE, VARYING
QUALITY OF LINE, VALUE –
HATCH, CROSSHATCH,
SCUMBLE, STIPPLE)
• MAKE YOUR DRAWING LOOK
INTERESTING
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

TO FINISH YOUR PROJECT
• FILL IN THE BACKGROUND WITH A PATTERN
• YOU MAY KEEP YOUR PIECE BLACK AND WHITE, OR ADD
COLOR WITH COLORED PENCILS
• YOU MAY ALSO CHOOSE TO GO OVER YOUR LINES WITH
SHARPIE (IT’S YOUR DECISION)
• THIS PROJECT IS DUE TODAY AT THE END OF CLASS
• KEEP YOUR DRAWING NEAT, INTERESTING, AND MOST OF
ALL – HAVE FUN!
4/17/20PROF SG.BABU

Basics of drawing

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from sivaganesh babu

More from sivaganesh babu (7)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Basics of drawing