1. Rama institute of Engineering &
Technology
Presentation On
“THE WALL FOLLOWER WITHOUT
SENSOR”
Submitted to:
Mechanical Engineering
Department
Submitted by:
Shakir hussain
Sahil shekh
Saurav katiyar
Shashibushan tiwari
Santosh kr. chaudhary
3. INTRODUCTION
• This is a wall following device which can follow the wall
without programming.
• Range detectors are replaced by Limit switches.
• Limit switches are used to control the motion of wheels.
5. OBJECTIVE OF PROJECT
• To discard the use of sensors and other microchips and full fill
our goal. i.e. Follow the wall.
• To reduce the cost of the system.
• To make workable on under any circumstances.
• Free from environment effect.
6. COMPONENTS
• 2- Limit switches
• 2- 60 rpm motor
• 2- 7cm diameter wheels
• 12 volt-Battery
• Power switches and connecting wires
7. LIMIT SWITCH
• Limit switch are automatic switches.
• They control the wheels by turning power on and off according to
the motion desired.
8.
9. STEPPER MOTOR
• A stepper motor is an electromechanical device which converts electrical
pulses into discrete mechanical movements.
• The shaft or spindle of a stepper motor rotates in discrete step increments
when electrical command pulses are applied to it in the proper sequence.
• The motors rotation has several direct relationships to these applied input
pulses.
• The speed of the motor shafts rotation is directly related to the frequency of
the input pulses and the no. of rotation is directly related to the number of
input pulses applied
11. 12V-BATTERY
• Batteries operate by converting chemical energy into electrical
energy through electrochemical discharge reactions.
• Batteries are composed of one or more cells, each containing a
positive electrode, negative electrode, separator, and electrolyte .
• Cells can be divided into two major classes: primary and secondary.
• Primary cells are not rechargeable and must be replaced once the
reactants are depleted.
• Secondary cells are rechargeable and require a DC charging source
to restore reactants to their fully charged state.
13. LIMIT 1 LIMIT 2
BATTERY
MOTOR 1
MOTOR
2
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
14. WORKING
• There are two limit switches in the front of device as it touches the
wall it will work and help follower to turn.
• The function of both switches are :
a) At normal position the motor rotates and follower starts moving in
forward direction, if any restriction come in the way the limit
switch is pressed then NC starts reacting as NO and NO as NC.
b) So one motor is stop while the other is keeps rotating.
c) So the device turns and follow the wall.
15. APPLICATIONS
• If spiral type well is there, then we can use for some research in the
well.
• It can also be used in doing research on planets with unknown
surroundings, it will walk on the surface of any planet around the
space shuttle and we can observe the surface of planet.
• It can be used in long pipes to check the fault ,if any.
16. COMPARISON
Wall follower with sensors
• It is very costly due to use of
different types of I.C’s and
other sensors.
• Limited application due to
surrounding conditions like
high temp, pressure etc.
Wall follower without sensors
• It is cheaper as no I.C is used.
• Limit switches works
efficiently in any condition.
17. CONCLUSION
• A comprehensive introduction to the hardware design of a wall
follower robot, the wall - follower is shown in this report. the
robot works pretty well and shows a great potential for future
uses.
18. FUTURE SCOPE
• Sensors can be attached to the followers to detect the presence of
harmful gases, chemicals etc.
• A flying wall follower is a possibility in which limit switches can be
used to control the direction by controlling the propellers.
