tsunami & volcano preparedness pptx

1. Tsunamis & Volcanoes
Are you Ready?

2. What is a Tsunami
• Japanese for “harbor wave”
• Series of waves & surges
– 5-60 minutes apart
– Wave lengths are 10-100s miles
long, so we cannot see the next
wave.
– Grows in height as it nears the
shore.
– Travels fast in deep ocean (400-500
mph), but slows down at coast (10-
30 mph).

3. Two Types

4. 4

5. Buildings Destroyed

6. Harbors & Airports Destroyed

7. Hazardous Materials & Debris

8. Roads Destroyed or Blocked

9. Rescues, Injuries & Death

10.  Plans, Plans, and more Plans!
• Mitigation Plan
• Operations Plan
• Small Community Emergency Response Plan
• Evacuation Plan
• Recovery Plan
• Family Plan
Prepare!
10

11. Downtown Seward -
Before and After 1964,
and Today
Kodiak, Alaska, in April
1964

12. For PDF files of tsunami inundation maps and reports for Alaska communities, go to
http://dggs.alaska.gov/publications
and enter “tsunami inundation” in the Title search box

13. Emergency KitEmergency Kit
Establish an accessible place to store your kit:
Your family will need supplies for at least 7
Days
-Plan as a family for emergency situations
-Determine unique personal or family needs for your kit
-Copy your critical documents and store them in your Go
Kit
Plan to make your kit in several
parts:
• Main Kit (at home)
• Go Kit (for evacuation)
• Vehicle Kit (if stranded)
Food Storage
Decide how you are going to prepare your food during a power outage
Purchase/Store your food in 3 meal, 1 Day Units
Water Storage/Purification
There are many ways to treat water,
choose the best for your situation Plan
on 1 Gallon of water per person per day
Generators/Indoor Heaters
Choose a generator based on your family’s
minimum needs during an emergency It is
important in Alaska to have an emergency
heat source for your family

14. 14
Evacuation Planning

15. Volcano Monitoring in Alaska

16. • 40 volcanoes that have been active in Alaska in historic times.
•Volcano hazards threaten nearby communities and aviation (mostly due to
ash).
•Normally at least one major eruption of an Aleutians volcano each
year.
•80% of all the active volcanoes in the United States.

17. The most significant – and common –
hazards from Alaska volcanoes are those
created by ash clouds and ashfall. Alaska’s
volcanoes are distributed under Pacific
great circle aircraft routes (traversed by
more than 50,000 people per day), and can
erupt ash clouds into commercial and
recreational airspace. Ash and aircraft do
not mix, as volcanic ash is abrasive, melts
at jet engine temperatures, and can cause
engine failure. Alaska communities
downwind of an erupting volcano often
encounter ash fallout, which is both a
problem for infrastructure (mechanical
systems, power generation and
transmission, water systems, transportation,
communication systems) and a respiratory
hazard.

18. Before a Volcanic EruptionBefore a Volcanic Eruption
The following are things you can do to protect yourself, your family and your property in
the event of a volcanic eruption.
Build an Emergency Supply Kit, which includes items like non-perishable food, water, a
battery-powered or hand-crank radio, extra flashlights and batteries. You may want to
prepare a portable kit and keep it in your car in case you are told to evacuate. This kit
should also include a pair of goggles and disposable breathing masks for each member of
the family.
Make a Family Emergency Plan. Your family may not be together when disaster strikes, so
it is important to know how you will contact one another, how you will get back together
and what you will do in case of an emergency.
During a Volcanic EruptionDuring a Volcanic Eruption
Follow the evacuation order issued by authorities and evacuate immediately from the
volcano area to avoid flying debris, hot gases, lateral blast and lava flow.
Be aware of mudflows. The danger from a mudflow increases near stream channels and
with prolonged heavy rains. Mudflows can move faster than you can walk or run. Look
upstream before crossing a bridge and do not cross the bridge if a mudflow is approaching.
Avoid river valleys and low-lying areas.
Remember to help your neighbors who may require special assistance - infants, elderly
people and people with access and functional needs

19. Protection from Falling AshProtection from Falling Ash
If you are unable to evacuate, and in order to protect yourself from falling ash, you should:
•remain indoors with doors, windows and ventilation closed until the ash settles.
•If you have a respiratory ailment, avoid contact with any amount of ash. Stay indoors until local health
officials advise it is safe to go outside.
•Listen to a battery-powered radio or television for the latest emergency information.
•Wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants.
•Use goggles and wear eyeglasses instead of contact lenses.
•Use a dust mask or hold a damp cloth over your face to help with breathing.
•Stay away from areas downwind from the volcano to avoid volcanic ash.
•Stay indoors until the ash has settled unless there is a danger of the roof collapsing.
•Close doors, windows, and all ventilation in the house (chimney vents, furnaces, air conditioners, fans
and other vents.
•Clear heavy ash from flat or low-pitched roofs and rain gutters.
•Avoid running car or truck engines. Driving can stir up volcanic ash that can clog engines, damage
moving parts, and stall vehicles.
Avoid driving in heavy ash fall unless absolutely required. If you have to drive, keep speed down to 35
MPH or slower.
After a Volcanic EruptionAfter a Volcanic Eruption
•Go to a designated public shelter if you have been told to evacuate or you feel it is unsafe to remain in
your home.
•Local authorities may not immediately be able to provide information on what is happening and what
you should do. However, you should listen to NOAA Weather Radio, watch TV, listen to the radio or
check the Internet often for official news and instructions as they become available.

20. Lahars (fast-moving slurries of water, mud,
rocks, and sand) may form when hot volcanic
debris melts the snow and ice that mantles most
of Alaska’s volcanoes. These flows would
follow streams and drainages, and may affect
infrastructure or communities along these paths.
Lahars from Redoubt’s 1989-90 and 2009
eruptions damaged oil production storage
facilities within the Drift River valley on the
west side of Cook Inlet, resulting in decreased
oil production during and after the eruptions.
Pyroclastic flows (incandescent flows of ash, gas,
and volcanic rock) and surges (hurricane-force
blasts of turbulent hot gas and ash clouds) can race
down slopes at speeds as great as 330 ft per second
(100 m per second), travel 6 to 18 miles (10 to 30
km) from the vent, and overtop hills and other
topographic obstacles. Large pyroclastic flows that
enter water may cause a tsunami

21. Volcanic vents often emit steam and gases, including
hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide,
in concentrations that are potentially harmful to
humans. Reports of sulfur dioxide and hydrogen
sulfide smell (rotten eggs) are common from
mariners, pilots and people on the ground from
Alaska volcanoes but these concentrations do not
pose a significant health hazard. Lava flows can also
emit large amounts of steam and gas.